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The document outlines a minor project focused on developing an Automatic Railway Crossing System using IR sensors to enhance safety at level crossings. It discusses the types of level crossings, relevant literature, and the project's objectives, which include reducing accidents and improving efficiency. The methodology involves using infrared sensors to automatically detect trains and control gate operations, thereby minimizing human error.

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2 views

Project

The document outlines a minor project focused on developing an Automatic Railway Crossing System using IR sensors to enhance safety at level crossings. It discusses the types of level crossings, relevant literature, and the project's objectives, which include reducing accidents and improving efficiency. The methodology involves using infrared sensors to automatically detect trains and control gate operations, thereby minimizing human error.

Uploaded by

vk091276
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Minor Project on Automatic Railway Crossing

System with IR Sensors

Under the guidance of


Asst. Prof. Kumar Gaurav
(Department Of Mechanical Engineering)

Rupesh Kumar Vivek Kumar Md Faizan Arun


kumar
22102108907 21102108022 21102108029
21102108010
OUTLINE Introductio Literature Review
Objective
n & Limitations

Methodology
Referenc
Adopted
e
INTRODUCTION
LEVEL CROSSING
Level crossing are provided on the railway line to pass the road traffic across the track. As the road level
and rail level are same it is termed as level crossing.

Factors affecting of level crossing


1. Class of road
2. Volume of road traffic
3. TVU (Train Vehicle Unit):-product of average number of road vehicle and train passing a crossing in
24 hours.
4. Visibility condition
q
Types of level crossings Two types of level crossings.

1. Manned level crossing


• When train vehicle unit(TVU)¿3000 a manned level crossing is required.
• Gates are provided and a gateman is appointed so that gates are properly locked and re-locked.
• Speed breakers and caution board are installed near manned level crossing.

2.Unmanned level crossing.


• When Train Vehicle Unit(TVU)¡3000 it is termed as unmanned level crossing.
• No gate are provided neither a gateman assigned.
• Caution and danger boards are provided at Unmanned level crossing.
• Height barriers should be provided
4
LITERATURE REVIEW
Author Name Methodology

R.Gopinathan and B.Sivashankar, Here we use the stepper motor to open and close the
International Journal of Emerging gates automatically when it rotates clockwise or
Technology in Computer Science anticlockwise direction to operate the gate automatically.
& Electronics (IJETCSE). ISSN: When the train arrives in a particular direction the
0976-1353 Volume 8 Issue 1 Ap vibration sensor senses and generates appropriate signal,
then at the same time the PLC provides.
”Sensor based automatic control The proposed system uses three infrared sensors to
of railway gates ” Author: Karthik identify the arrival and departure of trains. The system
Krishnamurthi, Monica Bobby, also implements obstacle sensor which detects any
Vidya V, Edwin Baby obstacle on the track and controls the operation of the
train. Sensors and servo motors are programmed using
Arduino micro-controller
” Arduino Based Automatic When there is any obstacle on the track the ultrasonic
Railway Gate Control and sensor placed at the front end of the train will detect the
Obstacle Detection System ” presence of any obstacles and send signal to the Arduino.
Author: Dwarakanath S K, Sanjay Then Arduino convey the obstacle detection message to
S B, Soumya G B, Arjun V, VivekR the nearby railway station through GSM technology.
”Automatic railway gate control By employing this system at the level crossing the arrival
system” Author: M.Satya priya, of the train is detected using ultrasonic sensor placed on
OBJECTIVE 6

• Provide an automatic railway gate at the level crossing


replacing the gates operated by the gatekeeper for

• Provide saftey to the road users by reducing the accident

• Reduction of time for closing and opening the gate.

• Anautomatic railway-crossing-gatecontroller is used to prevent


accidents at unmanned level crossings to provide much needed
safety.

Ref no.
06
Methodology
An automatic railway crossing system utilizing infrared (IR) sensors enhances safety
by automatically detecting approaching trains using IR beams, triggering the closure of
crossing gates to prevent collisions with vehicles or pedestrians attempting to cross the
tracks, effectively eliminating human error and providing a reliable safety measure at
level crossings.

Flow chart for Closing of Levelcrossing Flow chart for


opening of Levelcrossing

Circuit Diagram An Arduino UNO is the base of this circuit and all the other components are connected
to this board. Two IR Sensors, IR1, IR2 are connected to
REFERENCE 8

1. Pradeep Raj, Increasing accidents in the unmanned level crossing of the railways ,2012.

2. R.Gopinathan and B.Sivashankar,PLC based railway level crossing gate control,International


Journal of Emerging Technology in Computer Science and Electronics (IJETCSE). ISSN: 0976-1353
Volume 8 Issue 1 April 2014.

3. Karthik, Krishnamurthi, Monica Bobby, Vidya V, Sensor based automatic control of railway
gates,International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering and Technology.

4. Sangita N.Guja, Jagruti R.Panchal, Lalita K.Wani,Improving safety with obstacle detection and
track following car using sensor, GPS and GSM,International Journal of Research in Engineering
and Technology.Jeong Y., Choon-Sung Nam, Hee-Jin Jeong, and Dong Shin,Train Auto Control
System based on OSGI,International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, pp.276-
279, 2008

5. Jeong Y., Choon-Sung Nam, Hee-Jin Jeong, and Dong Shin,Train Auto Control System based on
OSGI,International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, pp.276-279, 2008.

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