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ICT LM Week2_Internet2

The document provides an overview of the Internet's history, growth trends, and key concepts such as protocols for email and file transfer. It also discusses the types of internet connections, the importance of broadband, and the various forms of internet abuse like spam, scams, and viruses. Additionally, it defines essential terms related to internet usage, including domain names, URLs, and protocols like HTTP and FTP.

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Just Rhean
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7 views

ICT LM Week2_Internet2

The document provides an overview of the Internet's history, growth trends, and key concepts such as protocols for email and file transfer. It also discusses the types of internet connections, the importance of broadband, and the various forms of internet abuse like spam, scams, and viruses. Additionally, it defines essential terms related to internet usage, including domain names, URLs, and protocols like HTTP and FTP.

Uploaded by

Just Rhean
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Internet

Presented
by
Sameera Kishore
A Brief History of Internet

n Started by the Department of


Defense, was called the ARPANET
project in 1969.

n The Internet is the largest computer


network in the world, connecting
millions of computers. A network is
a group of two or more computer
systems linked together.
Internet Growth Trends

1977: 111 hosts on Internet

1981: 213 hosts

1983: 562 hosts

1984: 1,000 hosts

1986: 5,000 hosts

1987: 10,000 hosts

1989: 100,000 hosts

1992: 1,000,000 hosts

001 o

2002: over 200 million hosts


By 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet
CONNECTING
TO
INTERNET

EMAIL INTERNET ABUSE

DEFINITIONS
CONNECTING TO INTERNET

NARROW BAND BROAD BAND

An ISP may offer either narrow band or broad band connection (or both).

Band width refers to the amount of data that can be sent via modem or
network connections measured in bits–per-second.

Year Broad band Narrow band


Users Users

March ’06 68% 32%


Jan ‘05 55% 45%
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol ( SMTP ) : It is the protocol used to send
email messages from one server to another.

Post Office Protocol ( POP3 ): It stores the messages for the recipient.
To retrieve the messages, the user must connect to it using email client or
the online email service

IMAP: It enables a user to check email from multiple computers at


different locations.
You need broadband to:
n Watch videos on Net.
n Faster Uploads.
n Voice over IP.
n Video conferencing.
n Send and Receive large files.
n Get Online Faster

File Download Dial-up Broadband


Digital image (.5 MB) 1.5 mins 5 seconds

Video Clip ( 1 MB) 2.5 mins 11 seconds

MP3 file ( 4MB ) 9.9 mins 47 seconds

Upgrade Software ( 25 62.4 mins 5 mins


MB )
DEFINITIONS

n DOMAIN NAME
n DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM ( DNS )
n FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)
n HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL ( HTTP )
n HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE ( HTML )
n UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR ( URL )
n SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL ( SMTP )
n POST OFFICE PROTOCOL ( POP )
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE – EMAIL ?!?!

An email is a text message sent to a recipient using email clients such as


Microsoft outlook, Juno client or online email services such as Yahoo &
Gmail.
DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (or Service or Server)
n It is the way that internet domain names are located and
translated to IP addresses .
domain name
n Names used in URL's and corresponding to one or more IP
addresses.
n The basic purpose of domain name is to provide easily
recognizable names to the numerically addressed internet
resources

What is a Fully Qualified Domain Name ?


example: www.maps.google.com

Top Level Domain


Sub Domain

User Specific Domain


Uniform Resource Locator ( URL )
n It specifies the address of a web page.
e.g: http://www.example.net/

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

n A common protocol that facilitates transferring any type of


electronic files over the Web.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)


§ The protocol computers use to transmit Web documents
between computers, identified by the prefix "http://" of the
URL.
Internet Protocol (IP Address )
§ The numerical identifier for a computer connected to a TCP/IP
network, such as the Internet.
ABUSE

SPAM SCAM VIRUS


Is your computer spewing SPAM????

Spam or Spamming is the abuse of electronic messaging systems to


indiscriminately send unsolicited messages.

Email Spam is the practice of sending unwanted email messages


frequently with commercial content, in large quantities to an
indiscriminate set of recipients.

EMAIL SPAM

Unsolicited Bulk Email Unsolicited Commercial Email


Examples of SPAM
n Make money Fast Chain Letters
Spam.
n A-pound a- day diet Spam.
n Just Read this ! Spam's containing
long, winding messages.
n Fake Anti Spam Sites.

Fight against SPAM

• Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial


E mail ( CAUCE ).
• National Fraud Information Center (NFIC)
• www.spambusters.org
Scams are emails cleverly disguised as coming from real companies when they
are actually trying to know your private information such as passport number,
bank account, social security number etc. Again, it is one of the most common
problems faced by Internet users.

Phisher scams Lottery scams Nigerian Work-at-home


scams scams
VIRUS: A computer virus is a small piece of software that attaches itself to
a program or a file enabling it to spread from one computer to another

HOW DO I KNOW IF THE COMPUTER HAS VIRUS?!?!

§ The computer runs slower than usual.


§ The computer stops responding or locks up frequently
§ The computer restarts on its own.
§ Applications on the computer so not work correctly or are inaccessible.
§ It shows unusual error messages.
§ It shows distorted menus and dialog boxes
§ An antivirus program is disabled for no reason, and it cannot be restarted.
§ A program disappears from your computer.
§ Strange sounds play from the speaker unexpectedly
§ New icons appear on the desktop

E.g. of Virus: Melissa. A, Anti EXE, Trj.Reboot, Word Concept.


WORM
n A worm is a self-replicating computer program or software
applications designed to spread via networks. It uses a network to
send out copies of itself.

Examples of Worm:

• Nuwar OL Worm- Nuwar OL is delivered to a user's inbox with subjects like


"You Are In My Dreams," "I Love You So Much," "Inside My Heart Is You," etc.
To disguises its activity, the worm redirects you to simple web page with the
theme of a romantic greeting card. Once the computer is infected, the infection
spreads by sending messages to names in the user's contact folder.

•Valentin E Worm- It is also distributed via email. This worm also includes an
attached file called ‘friends4U’. When the user opens the attachment, a copy
of the worm gets downloaded onto their computer
Trojan Horse

n Trojan horse is a destructive program that disguises itself


as a real application.
n This is a type of virus that attempts to make the user think
that it is a beneficial application.

Well-known Trojan horses:


Back Orifice
Back Orifice 2000
Netbus
Subseven
Downloader- EV

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