CONFIDENTIAL

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

TEST

COURSE : BASIC INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS

COURSE CODE : CHM260
TIME : 2 HOUR

NAME :
MATRIC NUMBER :
GROUP :
LECTURER’S NAME :

PART MARKS

TOTAL / 45
Instruction to student: Answer ALL Questions

PART 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (10 Marks)

1. Absorbance is given as A = log P o/P and Po is the initial light power. Select the following
statement which represent P.

A. The power of light after it passes through the sample

B. The power of light absorbs by the sample
C. Sum of powers transmitted and reflected
D. None of the above

2. An appropriate radiation sources are very useful in UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Find

which of the following sources are NOT suitable to UV-Vis?

A. Globar source
B. Xenon discharge lamp
C. Deuterium discharge lamp
D. Tungsten filament lamp

3. The bathochromic shift takes place when there is a solvatochromism changes. Select
from the following, which solvent shows a bathochromic shift.

A. Water
B. Ethanol
C. Ethylene
D. Chloroform

4. A complementary colour is the colour of a substance perceived by the human eye is

_______________

A. same as that the substance emits in flame

B. same as that the substance absorbs
C. not the same as that the substance absorbs
D. not the same as that the substance emits
5. Beer Lambert law relates the intensity of light absorbed with the thickness of the absorbing
medium and the solution concentration. Determine which of the following causes a
positive deviation from Beer’s law.

A. Absorption of stray radiation

B. Non-absorption of stray radiation
C. It does not depend on stray radiation
D. None of the above

6. The listed factors could affect the absorptivity of a sample when using a
spectrophotometer for analysis EXCEPT

A. Concentration
B. Molecular structure
C. Wavelength of radiation
D. Temperature

7. Absorption energies occurred due to the transition of molecules or ions from low to high
energy levels. Select which of quantum transition takes place in UV-Vis spectroscopy.

A. Rotation of molecules
B. Nuclear
C. Bonding electrons
D. Spin of nuclei in magnetic fields

8. Find the missing components of the absorption instrument as shown in Figure 1.

Radiation X Sample Y Readout

Source

Figure 1

A. Filter and wavelength selector

B. Reflector and converging lens
C. Detector and transducer
D. Wavelength selector and detector
9. Determine the transition which mainly occurred in IR analysis.

A. Electronic transition only

B. Rotational and vibrational transitions
C. Rotational only
D. Electron spinning only

10. The vibrational CO2 is IR active when _________________________

A. Asymmetric stretching
B. Symmetric stretching
C. Semi stretching
D. None stretching

PART 2: TRUE AND FALSE (10 Marks)

1. Continuum sources emit a limited number of lines or bands of radiation at specific

wavelengths. (True / False)

2. The function of a monochromator is to isolate the desired wavelength so that only the
band of interest will be isolated. (True / False)

3. Thermal detector produces a current or voltage as a result of the emission of electrons

from a photosensitive surface (photocathode) when struck by photons. (True / False)

4. The double-beam instrument is well suited for continuous recording of the absorption
spectra compared to a single-beam instrument. (True / False)

5. The n →pi* and pi →pi* transitions are the most observed and useful transitions in organic
molecules. (True / False)

6. The Beer-Lambert law is extensively used to measure the intensity of light passing
through a sample solution in a cuvette. The intensity of the light before it passes through
the sample is directly related to sample concentration. (True / False)

7. The UV-Vis absorption of the transition metal ions is caused by the transition between
filled and unfilled d-orbitals. (True / False)

8. In the iron (III) thiocyanate complex, the metal ion is the electron acceptor. (True / False)

9. Rotational transitions have a higher energy level compared to vibrational and electronic
transitions. (True / False)

10. In the IR spectrum, most of the absorption bands indicate the compound functional group
are found in the region between 4000 cm -1 to 1300 cm-1. (True / False)
PART 3: SHORT STRUCTURED QUESTIONS (25 Marks)

1. Briefly describe the preparation method of solid and liquid samples for the analysis by
infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
(6 marks)

2. Based on Appendix 1, identify any two (2) significant bonds and the approximate
wavenumbers associated with the following compounds. (Write your answer in the
given table)

a) CH3CH2OH

Bond Wavenumbers (cm-1)

b) CH3OCH3

Bond Wavenumbers (cm-1)

c) Crotonaldehyde, CH3CH=CHCHO

Bond Wavenumbers (cm-1)

(6 marks)

3. A particular electromagnetic radiation (ER) has a wavelength of 562 nm.

a) Calculate the wavenumber (in cm-1) of the ER

(2 marks)
b) Determine the ER region
(1 mark)

4. A 0.0045 M solution was analyzed using the Spectronic 20 instrument and has 37.0%
transmittance at 470 nm in a 1.00 cm cell.

a) Calculate the absorbance of the solution.

(2 marks)

b) Using Beer's law, calculate the concentration of the solution if it gives 85.2%
transmittance under the same conditions.
(4 marks)
5. Explain the following terms.

a) Calibration curves
(2 marks)
b) Chromophores
(2 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

 APPENDIX 1

SOME CHARACTERISTIC IR ABSORPTION BANDS