Galaxy School

Resources & Development

Subject: Social Science
Self- Assesment
Class X Date: 14.06.2024

Q1. Select the correct option:-

1) Ideally what should be the area under forest in our country?
a) 23% b) 33% c) 13% d) 43%

2) Another name for black soil is:-

a) Laterite b) Bangar c) Khadar d) regur

3) Strip cropping involves:-

a) Planting strips of grass b) planting very tall trees c) ploughing across the slopes
d) step formation on the slopes

4) Mining is the main cause for land degradation in Jharkhand & Chhattisgarh.

5) Terrace farming is commonly practised in hilly and mountains region.

6) Red soils appear red because of diffusion of iron oxide .
7) Which among the following is not a problem of resource development?
a) Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals.
b) Accumulation of resources in few hands
c) Indiscriminate exploitation of resources
d) An equitable distribution of resources

8) Which one of the following is an example of Cultivable Wasteland?

a) Barren Land b) Forest Land c) Grazing Land d) Fallow Land

9) In which of the following states is overgrazing the main reason for land degradation?
a) Maharashtra b) Punjab c) Haryana d) Uttar Pradesh

10) Which of the following forces leads to maximum soil erosion in plains?
a) Wind b) Glacier c) Running Water d) Earthquake
 Short Answer Type Questions:
11) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this
soil.
➡️The type of soil found in the river deltas of the eastern coast, such as the deltas of rivers like the
Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Godavari, is Alluvial soil. Here are three main features of Alluvial soil:

1. **Rich Fertility**: Alluvial soil is highly fertile due to its composition of fine silt and clay particles
deposited by rivers during floods. It contains nutrients that support diverse agricultural crops.

2. **Well-Drained**: It has good drainage properties, which prevent waterlogging and make it suitable
for intensive agriculture.

3. **Easy to Cultivate**: Alluvial soil is easy to till and cultivate due to its friable texture, making it
suitable for mechanized farming practices.

These features make Alluvial soil a valuable resource for agriculture in the river deltas of the eastern
coast of India and other regions with similar geological formations.
12)Describe the different types of resources planning?
➡️Resource planning involves strategic management and utilization of various resources to achieve
sustainable development goals. There are different types of resource planning approaches based on the
nature of resources and the objectives they aim to achieve. Here are the main types of resource planning:

1. **Natural Resource Planning**:

- **Water Resource Planning**: Focuses on managing water availability, usage, and conservation. It
includes strategies for irrigation, drinking water supply, hydroelectric power generation, and
environmental sustainability.
- **Forest Resource Planning**: Involves the sustainable management of forests for timber production,
biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and ecosystem services.
- **Mineral Resource Planning**: Deals with the extraction, processing, and utilization of minerals while
ensuring resource efficiency, environmental protection, and socio-economic benefits.

2. **Land Use Planning**:

- **Urban Planning**: Involves the efficient allocation of land for residential, commercial, industrial,
and recreational purposes in urban areas. It includes zoning regulations, infrastructure development, and
environmental considerations.
- **Rural Development Planning**: Focuses on optimizing land use in rural areas for agriculture,
livestock farming, forestry, and community development.

3. **Energy Resource Planning**:

- **Energy Planning**: Aims to meet energy demands sustainably through the development of
renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind, hydro, and biomass) and efficient use of fossil fuels. It
includes energy policy formulation, infrastructure development, and technological innovation.

4. **Integrated Resource Planning (IRP)**:

- **IRP**: Integrates multiple resource planning approaches to achieve comprehensive and sustainable
development goals. It considers the interrelationships between water, energy, land use, and other natural
resources to optimize resource allocation and minimize environmental impacts.

5. **Socio-Economic Resource Planning**:

- **Human Resource Planning**: Focuses on developing human capital through education, healthcare,
skills training, and employment opportunities.
- **Community Development Planning**: Aims to improve the socio-economic well-being of
communities through infrastructure development, social services, and participatory decision-making.
Overall, resource planning aims to ensure the efficient and equitable use of resources while preserving
environmental quality and promoting sustainable development. The specific type of resource planning
adopted depends on the unique characteristics, challenges, and development priorities of a region or
country.
13)What is Agenda 21? List its two principles.
➡️Agenda 21 is a comprehensive action plan adopted by 178 governments at the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. It is a
blueprint for sustainable development that addresses various environmental, social, and economic
challenges facing humanity.

Two principles of Agenda 21 are:

1. **Integration of Environment and Development**: Agenda 21 emphasizes the need for integrating
environmental protection and sustainable development into economic planning and decision-making
processes. It recognizes that environmental sustainability is essential for achieving long-term socio-
economic development.

2. **Public Participation and Stakeholder Involvement**: Agenda 21 promotes the active involvement of
all stakeholders, including governments, businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and local
communities, in decision-making processes related to sustainable development. It emphasizes the
importance of participatory governance and collaboration among different sectors of society.

Agenda 21 outlines specific actions and recommendations in various sectors such as biodiversity
conservation, poverty alleviation, sustainable agriculture, water management, energy efficiency, and
urban planning. It encourages countries to develop national strategies and policies based on these
principles to achieve sustainable development goals at local, national, and global levels.
14)“ India , some regions are rich in certain type o resources but deficient in some other resources.” Do
you agree with the statement? Support your answer with any three examples.
➡️Yes, I agree with the statement that in India, some regions are rich in certain types of resources but
deficient in others. This geographical diversity in resource distribution is influenced by natural factors
such as climate, geology, and topography. Here are three examples to support this:

1. **Western Ghats vs. Thar Desert**:

- **Western Ghats**: This region, stretching along the western coast of India, is rich in biodiversity,
receiving heavy rainfall and supporting lush forests and diverse flora and fauna. It is a significant source of
water resources due to its numerous rivers and lakes.
- **Thar Desert**: Located in the northwestern part of India, the Thar Desert is characterized by arid
and semi-arid conditions with low rainfall. It is deficient in water resources and agricultural productivity
but has significant mineral resources like gypsum, phosphate, and lignite.

2. **Himalayan Region vs. Indo-Gangetic Plains**:

- **Himalayan Region**: The Himalayan states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and Jammu &
Kashmir are rich in water resources due to glaciers, rivers, and lakes. They also have abundant forests and
are known for their biodiversity.
- **Indo-Gangetic Plains**: These plains, stretching across northern India, are fertile agricultural lands
due to the alluvial soil deposited by rivers like the Ganges and Yamuna. However, they face challenges
such as water scarcity and groundwater depletion.

3. **Eastern Coastal States vs. Rajasthan**:

- **Eastern Coastal States (e.g., Odisha)**: These states are rich in mineral resources such as iron ore,
bauxite, and manganese. The eastern coast also supports fishing and aquaculture due to its proximity to
the Bay of Bengal.
 - **Rajasthan**: Rajasthan is known for its vast desert landscape and is deficient in water resources.
However, it has significant reserves of minerals like gypsum, zinc, and marble, which are crucial for
industrial development.

These examples highlight how India's resou

rce distribution varies significantly from region to region, leading to disparities in economic activities,
environmental management, and development strategies. Managing these diverse resources sustainably
is crucial for balanced regional development and ensuring equitable access to resources across the
country.
15)Describe the importance of judicious use of resources.
➡️The judicious use of resources refers to the responsible and sustainable
management of natural, human, and economic resources to ensure their long-term
availability and benefits. It is essential across various domains, including
environmental conservation, economic development, social equity, and global
stability. Here are several key reasons why judicious use of resources is important:

1. **Environmental Sustainability**: Resources such as water, forests, and minerals

are essential for ecological balance and biodiversity. Judicious use ensures that
natural habitats are preserved, ecosystems remain healthy, and natural resources
are replenished rather than depleted or degraded.

2. **Economic Efficiency**: Using resources judiciously promotes efficiency in

production processes, reducing waste, and optimizing resource allocation. This
efficiency lowers production costs, improves competitiveness, and enhances
economic productivity and growth.

3. **Social Equity**: Equitable access to resources is crucial for social justice and
reducing disparities among communities. Judicious resource management ensures
that resources are distributed fairly, benefiting marginalized and vulnerable
populations, and promoting inclusive development.

4. **Climate Resilience**: Resource conservation and sustainable practices

contribute to climate resilience by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating
climate change impacts, and promoting adaptation strategies that protect
communities and ecosystems.

5. **Long-term Planning and Stability**: Sustainable resource management supports

long-term planning and stability in economies and societies. It reduces risks
associated with resource scarcity, conflicts over resources, and economic shocks
caused by unsustainable practices.

6. **Global Responsibility**: Many resources are shared globally, such as water

bodies, biodiversity hotspots, and the atmosphere. Judicious use contributes to
global sustainability efforts, promotes international cooperation, and addresses
transboundary environmental challenges.

7. **Preservation of Cultural Heritage**: Natural resources often hold cultural and

historical significance for indigenous communities and societies. Responsible
resource management respects cultural heritage and traditional knowledge,
fostering cultural diversity and identity.

8. **Future Generations**: Practicing judicious resource use ensures that future

generations inherit a planet with sufficient resources to meet their needs and
aspirations. It embodies intergenerational equity and the principle of leaving a legacy
of sustainability and prosperity.
In summary, the judicious use of resources is essential for achieving sustainable
development goals, ensuring environmental health, fostering economic prosperity,
promoting social equity, and safeguarding the well-being of current and future
generations. It requires integrated approaches, informed decision-making, and
collective action at local, national, and global levels to balance resource conservation
with development needs effectively.