State: KARNATAKA

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: DHARWAD

1.0 District Agriculture profile

1.1
Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) North Sahyadris and Western Karnataka Plateau , hot dry sub humid ecosubregion (6.4)
Agro-Climatic Region (Planning
Southern Plateau and Hills Region ( X )
Commission)
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Northern Transitional Zone ( KA-8)
List all the districts or part thereof falling
Dharwad , Belgaum, Haveri and Gadag
under the NARP Zone
Latitude Longitude Altitude
Geographic coordinates of district 15º 15 ’ to 15º 35’ N 75º 00’ to 75º 20’ E 768 .0 m

Name and address of the concerned

Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005
ZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS

Mention the KVK located in the district Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dharwad -580 005

Normal Normal Rainy Normal Onset Normal Cessation

Rainfall
RF(mm) days (number) ( specify week and month) (specify week and month)

1.2 SW monsoon (June 15th –oct 15th): 478 2 nd week of October

1 st week of June
NE Monsoon (Oct 15th –Dec 31st): 159 2 nd week of November
3 rd week of October
Winter (Jan- Febraury) 14 - -

Summer (Mar -May) 134 - -

Annual 786 58 - -
1.3 Land use pattern of the Geographical Forest Land under Net Permanent Cultivable Land Barren and Current Other fallows
district (latest statistics) area (000 ha) area non- sown pastures waste land under uncultivable fallows
agricultural area Misc. land
use tree
crops
and
groves
Area (‘000 ha) 427.3 35.2 21.7 3.6 2.7 0.2 4.0 34.6 6.8 427.3

1. 4 Major Soils (common names like shallow red Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total
soils etc.,)
Medium to deep black soil 170 39.9
Red sandy loam soil /Shallow red soil 123 28.9
Sandy soil 65 15.2
Sandy loam 69 16.1
Others (specify):
1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 308.2 163.8

Area sown more than once 196.7

Gross cropped area 504.8

Source: Agricultural Census 2005-06, Directorate of Economics & Statistics

2
3
1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)
Net irrigated area 51.3

Gross irrigated area 63.2

Rainfed area 256.9

Sources of Irrigation ( DSO) Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated area
Canals 25.0 63.2

Tanks 0.1 0.2

Open wells -- -
Bore wells 14.2 35.9

Lift irrigation 2.0 -

Micro-irrigation 4.2 -
Other sources 0.2 0.7
Total Irrigated Area 45.7 100.0
Pump sets 13940
No. of Tractors 4520
Groundwater availability and use* (Data No. of blocks/ (%) area
source: State/Central Ground water Tehsils
Department /Board)
Over exploited -
Critical -
Semi- critical -
Safe -
Wastewater availability and use -
Ground water quality -
*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%
Source : Dharwad district at a glance 2008-09

4
1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture etc. (2008-09)

1.7 Area (‘000 ha)

Major Field Crops cultivated Kharif Rabi Summer Total
Irrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed - -
1 Cotton 0.1 10.0 0.8 60.3 - 71.2
2 Chilli - 51.0 - - 0.4 51.4
3 Bengal gram - - 12.5 37.0 - 49.5
4 Sorghum - 11.6 3.2 33.3 - 48.1
5 Maize 18.5 20.1 2.3 0.5 0.4 41.8
6 Groundnut 0.1 40.3 - - 0.7 41.1
7 Wheat - - 9.6 28.7 - 38.3
8 Paddy 3.5 29.2 - - 0.1 32.8
9 Soybean 0.01 27.5 - - - 27.5
10 Green gram 0.02 13.5 - - - 13.5
Total area
Horticulture crops - Fruits
1 Mango 4.9
2 Sapota 1.6
3 Guava 0.6
4 Banana 0.3
5
Horticultural crops - Vegetables Total area
1 Onion 27
2 Potato 1.3
3 Tomato 0.4
4 Brinjal 0.5
5
Medicinal and Aromatic crops Total area
Source : Directorate of Economics and Statistics
( Final Estimates of Area, Production and Average yield of Principal crops in Karnataka for 2008-09)

5
 Plantation crops Total area
1 Coconut 0.4
2 Arecanut 0.01
3 Black pepper 0.01
Fodder crops Total area
Total fodder crop area
Grazing land
Sericulture etc
Others (Specify)

1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low 112.4 66.0 178.5
yielding)
Crossbred cattle 6.7 34.6 41.3

Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low - - 100.0

yielding)
Graded Buffaloes - -
Goat 72.4

Sheep 57.1

Others (Pig + Dogs + Rabbit) 5.39

Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (number)
Commercial 391705
Backyard
1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture -

i) Marine (Data Source: No. of Boats Nets Storage facilities (Ice plants

6
Fisheries Department) fishermen Mechanized Non- Mechanized Non-mechanized etc.)
mechanized (Trawl nets, (Shore Seines,
Gill nets) Stake & trap nets)

NA

No. Farmer No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

ii) Inland (Data Source: owned ponds
Fisheries Department)
14 1 579

B. Culture

Water Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)

Spread
Area
(ha)

i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/ Fisheries

Department)
ii) Fresh water (Data Source: Fisheries Department) 4.2 3.0 12.6

Others

7
 1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops (Average of last 5 years: 2004, 05, 06, 07, 08)

1.11 Name of crop Kharif Rabi Summer Total Crop

residue
Production Productivity Production Productivity Production Productivity Production Productivity
as
('000 t) (kg/ha) ('000 t) (kg/ha) ('000 t) (kg/ha) ('000 t) (kg/ha) fodder
(‘000
tons)
Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

1 Maize 103.46 2682.0 8.22 3032.8 1.15 3223.3 112.8 2687.0 -

2 Paddy 61.01 1866.4 0 0 0.522 3873.0 61.5 1873.0
3 Bengal gram 0.0 0.0 25.24 513.0 0.0 0.0 25.2 513.0
4 Groundnut 24.93 617.0 0 0 0.75 1227.2 25.7 625.0
5 Cotton 10714 bale 514.0 31949.0 254.0 0 0 42663 bale 326.0
6 Wheat 0 0 27.6 718.0 0 0 27.6 718.0
7 Greengram 3.4 254.0 0 0 0 0 3.4 254.0
8 Jowar 8.8 754.0 24.78 678.0 0 0 33.6 696.0
9 Soybean 17.4 634.0 0 0 0 0 17.4 634.0
Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)
Fruits
1 Citrus 26,897.70 21.93 -
2 Mango 6,408.70 08.23
3 Pomegranate 4,037.00 08.20
4 Sapota 4,326.70 12.72
5 Papaya 11,273.30 63.68
Vegetables
1 Green Chillies * * * * * * 45,279.00 13.00
2 Onion 39,880.00 20.99 4,136.00 22.00 6,734.00 26.00 50,750.00 21.62
3 Tomato 3,749.00 23.00 4,536.00 54.00 1,276.00 22.00 9,561.00 31.35
4 Brinjal * * * * * * 8,092.00 28.00
5 Beans * * * * * * 1,800.00 12.00
Spice and Plantation crops

8
1 Coconut - - - - - - 520.00 20.00 -
2 Dry Chillies * * * * * * 2,850.00 01.40
3 Fenugreek * * * * * * 2,216.00 08.0
4 Coriander * * * * * * 177.00 0.70
5 Tamarind - - - - - - 1,856.00 16.00
Flowers
1 Marigold * * * * * * 738.00 9.00 -
2 Jasmine - - - - - - 576.00 8.00
3 Rose - - - - - - 216.00 3.00
4 Chrysanthemum * * * * * * 930.00 15.00
5 Crossandra - - - - - - 210.00 05.00

Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics

( Final Estimates of Area, Production and Average yield of Principal crops in Karnataka )

Sowing window for 5

major field crops
1.12 Groundnut Cotton
(start and end of normal Maize Paddy Bengalgram
Rabi Sorghum Soybean
sowing period)
1 st week of
st 1 st week of May to 4 1 st week of
1 week of June th June to 1 st week of May to
Kharif- Rainfed week of 4 th week - - June to I FN
to 4 th week of July 4 week of 2nd week of July
th
of June July
July
1 st week of 1 st 1 st week of July to
Kharif-Irrigated week of June to 4 - - - - - 4 th week of
th
week of August September
1 st week of October
to 1 st week to 4 th
Rabi- Rainfed - - - -
4 th week of week of October
November
1 st week of
1 st week of October
September to
Rabi-Irrigated to 4 th week of - - -
4 th week of
November
October

9
10
1.13 What is the major contingency the district is
prone to? (Tick mark and mention years if known
Regular Occasional None
during the last 10 year period)

--- √
Drought
---
--- √
Flood
---
Cyclone --- --- √

Hail storm --- --- √

Heat wave --- --- √

Cold wave --- --- √

Frost --- --- √

Pests and diseases (specify) √ -

Sea water intrusion - - √

Others - -

1.14 Include Digital maps of the Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes
district for
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes

Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes

11
12
 AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF KARNATAKA

Avg. of 1980-1990

160 Avg. of 1990-2000

Avg. of 2000-2008
140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
-20
M ont hs

Fig. : Rainfall pattern of Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad (1980-2008)

13
350
AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF KARNATAKA
300

250 1. North Eastern Transition

Zone
2. North Eastern Dry Zone 2004
200 3. Northern Dry Zone 2005
4. Central Dry Zone 2006
5. Eastern Dry Zone 2007
150 6. Southern Dry Zone
7. Southern Transition Zone 2008
8. Northern Transition Zone
100 9. Hilly Zone
10. Coastal Zone
50

-50

M ont h

Fig : Month wise rain fall distribution pattern of MARS, Dharwad( 2004-2008)

14
2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
Source: NBSS & LUP

15
 2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rainfed situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed situation system Implementation
onset)

Delay by 2 weeks Medium to deep Maize - Chickpea Maize + Red gram and no No change KSDA
(June black soils other change in cropping KSSC
Soybean - Rabi Jowar
3rd week) system as the farmers has UASD
Groundnut – Rabi Jowar / Wheat already decided and kept the
Green gram-Rabi Jowar / Wheat inputs ready
Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion
Hy. Cotton( Bt).
Rainfed drilled paddy Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram / No change -do- Seed source :
situation Avare KSDA
KSSC
UASD

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed situation Implementatio
onset) n
Medium to deep Maize - Chickpea Avoid green gram –rabi Jowar Ridges and furrows Seed source :
Delay by 4 weeks black soil Cropping sequence. Continued method of sowing. KSDA
Soybean - Rabi Jowar KSSC
(Specify month) upto July 15th Maize + Redgram
July 1 week Groundnut – Rabi Jowar / Wheat UASD
(4:2) Groundnut + Redgram (4:2)
Green gram-Rabi Jowar/ Wheat In place of
GPBD 4 use JL
Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion
24

16
 Hy. Cotton ( Bt).

Rainfed drilled Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram / No change Normal Seed source :
paddy situation Avare KSDA
KSSC

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed situation crop/cropping system Implementation
onset)
Medium to deep Maize- Chickpea Avoid green gram, Reduce Bt cotton Seed source :
Delay by 6 weeks black soil groundnut and soybean spacing to 60 cm x 60 cm KSDA
July 3rd week Soybean- Rabi Jowar based on cropping . KSSC
Seed pelletting UASD
systems Sunflower
Groundnut - R. Jowar / Wheat hybrids- chickpea CAUTION:
Green gram-Rabi Jowar/ Wheat Cotton sowing
beyond June 15th
leads to reduction
in yield.
Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion

Hy. Cotton( Bt).

Rainfed drilled paddy Paddy - Greengram / Black greengram / Go for short duration Normal Seed source :
situation Avare. varieties, viz; Amrut, KSDA
MGD-101, MTU-1001 in KSSC
low lands. UASD
Go for Sun hemp and
fodder Maize in mid
lands.

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in Agronomic measures Remarks on
drought (delayed situation crop/cropping system Implementation
onset)

17
Delay by 8 weeks Medium to deep black Maize- Chickpea Avoid green gram, Adopt 60 x 60 cm spacing
August 1st week soil groundnut and soybean for Bt cotton Seed
based on cropping palletting
Soybean- Rabi Jowar Compartment bunding
systems
Groundnut – Rabi Jowar / Wheat
Green gram-Rabi Jowar/ Wheat Sunflower hybrids-
chickpea Seed source :
Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion
KSDA
Hy. Cotton ( Bt). Fallow-Rabi sorghum KSSC
Field bean

Little millet

Rainfed drilled paddy Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram/ Go for short duration Normal Seed source :
situation Avare varieties, viz; Amrut, KSDA
MGD-101, MTU-1001 KSSC
in low lands. UASD
Sunhemp and fodder
Maize in mid lands.

18
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & moisture Remarks on
drought (Normal situation conservation measues Implementation
onset)

Medium to deep Maize- Chickpea Thinning and gap Conservation furrows, Supply of
Normal onset black soil filling Frequent intercultivation implements through
followed by 15-20 Soybean- Rabi Jowar mulching RKVY
days dry spell after Re-sowing Seed source :
sowing leading to KSDA
poor KSSC
Groundnut- Rabi Jowar / Wheat
germination/crop UASD
stand etc.
Green gram -Rabi Jowar/ Wheat

Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion

Hy. Cotton( Bt).

Rainfed drilled paddy Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram/ Intercultivation and -
situation field bean withholding of fertilizer
application till dry spell is
over

19
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Mid season drought Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & Remarks on
(long dry spell, situation moisture Implementation
consecutive 2 weeks conservation
rainless (>2.5 mm) measures
period)

Medium to deep Maize - Chickpea Thinning of alternate rows. Surface mulching.

At vegetative stage black soil Spraying of anti- transpirants Foliar application of N
Weed control & K (2 %), protective
Soybean - R. Jowar
irrigation if available.
Groundnut – Rabi Jowar / Wheat

Green gram -Rabi Jowar/ Wheat

Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion

Hy. Cotton( Bt).

Rainfed drilled paddy Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram/ Weed control Intercultivation.
situation field bean Foliar application of N
&K

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Mid season Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & Remarks on
drought (long dry situation moisture Implementation
spell) conservation
measues
Medium to deep Maize - Chickpea Foliar application of N & K ( Intercultivation Farm pond through
Compartment

20
At flowering/ black soil Soybean- Rabi Jowar 2%), Harvesting Maize for Intercultivation INSM
fruiting stage fodder purpose Compartment
bunding in early
Go for early rabi sowing harvested crop
Groundnut- R. Jowar / Wheat Intercultivation
Protective irrigation Compartment
bunding in early
Plant protection measures for harvested crop
Green gram-Rabi Jowar/ Wheat sucking/defoliators/cutworms Intercultivation
Compartment
bunding in early
harvested crop
Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion -

Hy. Cotton( Bt). -

Rainfed drilled Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram/ field Foliar application of N & K
paddy situation bean
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Terminal drought Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Rabi Crop planning Remarks on
situation Implementation
Medium to deep Maize- Chickpea Harvesting early at Rabi Sorghum Farm pond
black soil physiological maturity and plan Chickpea Threshing implants
for early rabi cropping. In case Wheat through RKVY
of maize, go for green cob/
Soybean- Rabi Jowar Safflower
fodder purpose
Wheat + Safflower/
Chickpea( 4:2)
Rabi Sorghum + Chickpea
/ Linseed( mixed
cropping)

21
 Rabi Sorghum
Groundnut- R. Jowar / Wheat Chickpea
Wheat
safflower

Green gram-Rabi Jowar/ Wheat Rabi Sorghum

Chickpea
Wheat
safflower
Chilli + desi Cotton + Onion -

Hy. Cotton ( Bt).

Paddy - Green gram / Black green gram/

Rainfed drilled field bean Harvesting early at Green gram
paddy situation physiological maturity Black gram
Field bean

22
 2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation Implementation
Delayed release of Canal irrigated black Maize - Chickpea Sunflower-Chickpea Alternate furrow
water in canals due soil irrigation
to low rainfall Maize- Wheat Sunflower-Wheat Mulching
Ridges and furrows
Hy. Cotton ( Bt). Maize- Chickpea

Maize- Wheat

Hy. Cotton ( Bt.)

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system Implementation
Limited release of Canal irrigated black Maize - Chickpea Sunflower-Chickpea Alternate furrow irrigation
water in canals due soil Green gram- R. Jowar/ Mulching
to low rainfall Wheat/Chickpea/Safflower

Maize- Wheat Sunflower / Chickpea Deep Intercultivation

Foliar application of N & K

Hy. Cotton ( Bt). No change -do-

23
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation Implementation
Non release of water Canal irrigated black Maize - Chickpea Chilli + Onion+ Jayadhar Cotton Early sowing
in canals under soil Sunflower-Safflower/Chickpea Intercultivation
delayed onset of
monsoon in Maize- Wheat Fallow-Sunflower/ Chickpea/ -do-
catchment Safflower/R.Sorghum
Hy. Cotton ( Bt) Fallow-Sunflower/ Chickpea/
Safflower/R.Sorghum

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system Implementation
Lack of inflows into Go in for mixed cropping The component
tanks due to Drill sown paddy Paddy Maize crops will give
insufficient /delayed sustainable yield in
onset of monsoon Paddy + Sorghum / Mai total

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system Implementation
Insufficient
groundwater Medium deep black Groundnut Use of sprinjlers, Adopt
recharge due to low Soils, Maize ridges-furrow method of
rainfall irrigation
Loamy/laterite soils paddy Maize

24
 Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Major Farming Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping Agronomic measures Remarks on
situation system Implementation
Any other condition
(specify)

2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Continuous high rainfall Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
in a short span leading to
water logging
Maize Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess water. Proper drying and
Soybean Top dress the crop with N & K Top dress the crop with N & K. Harvest at physiological maturity. storage of grains

Green gram Intercultivation & weeding Hormonal spray for retention of flower in Hy. Proper dying.
Plant protection measures Cotton. Spraying of fungicides to protect quality of
Groundnut Staking in maize& paddy. grain.
Spraying of growth retardants
Paddy Plant protection measures, particularly use of Prophylactic against store grain pests.
Hy. Cotton fungicides in cotton, chillies. Staking in maize& paddy.
Chilli + Cotton De-top maize

Horticulture -Fruits
Citrus Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
slope -
Mango Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the Storing in Cold
slope and spray of 10 ppm NAA storage
Pomegranate Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the -
slope
Sapota -do- -
-do- -do-

25
Papaya

Vegetable crops
Green Chillies Providing drainage Application of 10 ppm NAA spray
- -
trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the slope
Onion Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the 2000 ppm of MH spray 15 days before the Store in well
ft) across the slope slope harvest to control sprouting in storage ventilated structure
Tomato Application of 10 ppm NAA spray

Brinjal Application of 10 ppm NAA spray

Beans Application of 10 ppm NAA spray

-do-
Spice and Plantation
Crops
Coconut Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft)
ft) across the slope across the slope
Dry Chillies Application of 10 ppm NAA spray

Fenugreek Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the

slope
-do-
Coriander -do-
Tamarind -do-
Flowers
Marigold Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft)across the
ft) cross the slope slope
Jasmine

Rose
-do- -do-
Chrysanthemum

Crossandra

26
Heavy rainfall with high Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess water. Proper drying and
speed winds in a short Top dress the crop with N & K Top dress the crop with N & K. Harvest at physiological maturity. storage of grains
span2 Intercultivation & weeding Hormonal spray for retention of flower in Hy. Proper dying.
Maize Plant protection measures Cotton. Spraying of fungicides to protect quality of
Soybean Spraying of growth retardants Staking in maize& paddy. grain.
Plant protection measures- particularly use of Prophylactic against store grain pests.
Green gram
fungicides in cotton, chillies. Staking in maize& paddy
Groundnut
De-top maize
Paddy

Horticulture Fruits
Citrus Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu.
ft) across the slope and providing
Storing in Cold
support with locally available -do- -do-
storage
material at the initial stage of the
crop
Mango Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across -
slope the slope
Pomegranate Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the Storing in Cold
-do-
slope and application of 10 ppm NAA spray storage
-do-
Sapota Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
-do- -
slope and application of 10 ppm NAA spray
Papaya Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
-do- -
slope and application of 10 ppm NAA spray
Vegetable crops
Green Chillies Providing drainage Application of 10 ppm NAA spray
trench (1.5 cu. ft)
across the slope - -
Onion -do- Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the 2000 ppm of MH spray 15 days before the Store in well
slope harvest to control sprouting in storage ventilated structure
Tomato Application of 10 ppm NAA spray
-
Brinjal Application of 10 ppm NAA spray
-

27
Beans Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
-
ft) across the slope slope
Spice and Plantation
Crops
Coconut Providing drainage Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
slope -
trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the slope
Dry Chillies -do- Application of 10 ppm NAA spray

Fenugreek Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
ft) across the slope slope
Coriander Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
-do-
slope
Tamarind Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) across the
-do-
slope
Flowers
Marigold Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. Providing drainage trench (1.5 cu. ft) cross the
ft)across the slope slope -
Jasmine -do-
-do- -
Rose -do-
-do- -
Chrysanthemum -do-
-do- -
Crossandra -do-
-do- -
Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
Outbreak of pests and
diseases due to unseasonal
rains
Maize Plant Protection measures for TLB (Mancozeb -
2.5g/l) PP measures for Stalk rot/rust//TLB by
spraying Hexaconazole @ 0.1 %

28
Hy cotton Plant Protection measures for Mirid bug
(acephate 1g/l)
particularly use of fungicides in cotton, PP measures for Reddening (MgSO4 1%
chillies. 10g/l)/Mirid bug (acephate 1g/l)
Soybean PP measures for Defoliators PP measures for rust by spraying Hexaconazole PP measures for rust by spraying
@ 0.1 % Hexaconazole @ 0.1 %
Green gram PP measures for Anthracnose, PP measures for Defoliators Spray For Powdery mildew control spray
Powdery mildew Monocrotophos (0.1%)1.0 ml/lit (Mancozeb 2.5g/l)
Groundnut / Rabi Plant Protection for Seedling rot /wilt (Captan
Sorghum/Chickpea/Wheat 2g/kg seed treatment) /defoliators
PP measures for Seedling PP measures for LLS/wilt (Chlorothaloni 0.2
rot/wilt/defoliators (Quinalphos@ 2ml/l) %)
Horticulture Fruits
Citrus
Pruning of dried and dead twigs Spraying of COC 0.2 % + Streptomycine Spraying of COC 0.2 % + Streptomycine Removal of the
Citrus canker
for better aeration and sunlight sulphate 0.5 g/l. of water sulphate 0.5 g/l. of water disease affected
fruits form the
Spraying of COC 0.2 % +
produce and pack
Streptomycine sulphate 0.5 g/l. of
in well ventilated
water
package

Spraying of NSKE (5.0 %) + Spraying of NSKE (5.0 %) + imidacloprid 0.5 -

Leaf minor imidacloprid 0.5 ml/l ml/l

Mango Powder mildew: Spraying of Powder mildew: Spraying of hexaconazole @ Powder mildew: Spraying of hexaconazole
hexaconazole @ 1.0 ml/l 1.0 ml/l @ 1.0 ml/l

Mango hoppers : Spraying of Mango hoppers : Spraying of carbaryl @ 4.0

carbaryl @ 4.0 g/l Spraying of carbaryl @ 4.0 g/l g/l

29
Pomegranate
Wilt: Spraying of Wilt: Spraying of Chloryriphos 0.2 % + Propiconazole 0.2 %+ Bioagents (P. Fluroescens, T.
Chloryriphos 0.2 % + harzianum
Propiconazole 0.2 %+ Bioagents
(P. Fluroescens, T. harzianum Bacterial blight: Schedules of spraying consisting of UAS, Dharwad package

Anar Butterfly : Application of NSKE 5 % + spraying of cypremethrin/ imidacloprid 0.05 %

Bacterial blight:
Schedules of spraying consisting
of UAS, Dharwad package
Bacterial blight: Schedules of spraying consisting of UAS, Dharwad package

Anar Butterfly : Application of NSKE 5 % + spraying of cypremethrin/ imidacloprid 0.05 %

-
Sapota

Leaf spot : Spraying of Mancozeb @ 2.0 g/l

Papaya
Ring spot virus : Remove affected
plants and burn .Spraying Ring spot virus : Remove affected plants and Ring spot virus : Remove affected plants and
systemic insecticide for the burn .Spraying systemic insecticide for the burn .Spraying systemic insecticide for the
control of vectors control of vectors control of vectors
Vegetable crops
Green Chillies Spraying
systemic insecticide like Spraying systemic insecticide like dimethoate -
Murda complex dimethoate (1.7 ml/l) and (1.7 ml/l) and imidacloprid 0.05 %
imidacloprid 0.05 %
Onion
Thrips :Spraying of dimethoate @ 1.7 ml/l and for Purple blotch : Spraying of Mancozeb @ 2.0 g/l

Tomato

Thrips and mites : Spraying of Oxydemeton methyl @ 1.0 ml/l

Brinjal

30
 Fruit and shoot Application of Neem cake @ 250 Application of Neem cake @ 250 kg /ha at the 2-3 Sprayings of carbaryl* @ 4.0 /l with 15 Collect the infected
borer kg /ha at the time of transplanting time of transplanting Later two applications at days interval starting from 15 days before fruits from produce
Later two applications at the same the same concentrations has to be applied the flowering. and destroy
concentrations has to be applied once in a month
the once in a month 2-3 Sprayings of carbaryl @ 4.0 /l with 15 days * Harvesting should be done 10-15 days
2-3 Sprayings of carbaryl @ 4.0 /l interval starting from 15 days before flowering. after spraying
with 15 days interval starting
from 15 days before flowering.
Beans
Fruit borer : Spraying of Carbaryl @ 4.0 g/l of water

Mosiac: Spraying of systemic insecticide to control vectors

Mosiac: Spraying of systemic
insecticide to control vectors
Flowers
Marigold

Sucking pests : Spraying of systemic insecticides

Jasmine
Powdery mildew Powdery mildew : Spraying with Oxythioquinox (Moreston) @ 2 .0 g/l

Mites : Spraying of Dicofole @ 2.5 ml /l of water

Rose
Sucking pests and flower bud borer : Spraying of Systemic insecticide

Powdery mildew: Spraying of Carbendizim @ 1 g/l

Chrysanthemum

Thrips : Spraying of systemic insecticides

31
Crossandra Sucking pests : Spraying of systemic insecticide
Root rot: Drenching with Carbendizim @1.0 g/l

2.3 Floods

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Transient water logging/ partial Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
inundation
Maize Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess water Drain out excess water,
Soybean Top dressing Top dressing nitrogen Topdressing Harvesting and drying of
Green gram Intercultivation & weeding Intercultivation & weeding Plant protection measures produce
Plant protection measures Plant protection measures Harvesting at physiological
Groundnut
maturity stage.
Paddy
Hy. Cotton
Chilli + Cotton
Horticulture Fruit Crops
Citrus Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench Storing in Cold storage
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope and (1.5 cu. ft) across the slope
application of 10 ppm NAA
spray
Mango Providing drainage trench (1.5
-do- -
cu. ft) across the slope
Pomegranate Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench
cu. ft) across the slope and (1.5 cu. ft) across the slope
-do- Storing in Cold storage
application of 10 ppm NAA
spray
Sapota -do-
Papaya -
Vegetable Crops
Green Chillies Providing drainage trench (1.5 Application of 10 ppm NAA
cu. ft) across the slope spray
Onion Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5 2000 ppm of MH spray 15 Store in well ventilated
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope days before the harvest to structure

32
 control sprouting in storage
Tomato Application of 10 ppm NAA
-do- spray
Application of 10 ppm NAA
Brinjal -do- spray
Beans -do- -
Spice and Plantation Crops
Coconut Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope
Dry Chillies -do- Application of 10 ppm NAA
spray
Fenugreek Providing drainage trench (1.5
-do-
cu. ft) across the slope
Coriander -do- Providing drainage trench (1.5
cu. ft) across the slope
Tamarind -do- -do-
Flowers
Marigold Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope
Jasmine -do- -do-
Rose -do- -do-
Chrysanthemum -do- -do-
Crossandra -do- -do- -
Continuous submergence
for more than 2 days2
Maize Re-sowing Drain out excess water Drain out excess water,
Soybean Draining the excess water Top dressing Harvesting and drying of
Green gram in sunflower, groundnut, Intercultivation Drain out excess water produce
Bt.cotton. Re-sowing with suitable crop like Topdressing
Groundnut
Avoid green gram, black gram, maize, sunflower in the vent of Plant protection measures
Paddy soybean crop failure Harvesting at physiological
Hy. Cotton maturity stage
Chilli + Cotton

Fruit Crops
Citrus Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench Storing in Cold storage
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope and (1.5 cu. ft) across the slope

33
 application of 10 ppm NAA
spray
Mango Providing drainage trench (1.5
-
cu. ft) across the slope
Pomegranate Providing drainage trench (1.5
-do-
cu. ft) across the slope and
-do- -do-
application of 10 ppm NAA
spray
Sapota -do-
Papaya -
Vegetable Crops
Green Chillies Providing drainage trench (1.5 Application of 10 ppm NAA
cu. ft) across the slope spray
Onion Providing drainage trench (1.5 2000 ppm of MH spray 15 Store in well ventilated
cu. ft) across the slope days before the harvest to structure
control sprouting in storage
Tomato Application of 10 ppm NAA
-do- spray
Application of 10 ppm NAA
Brinjal spray
Beans -
Spice and Plantation Crops
Coconut Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope
Dry Chillies Providing drainage trench (1.5 Application of 10 ppm NAA
cu. ft) across the slope spray
Fenugreek Providing drainage trench (1.5
cu. ft) across the slope
Coriander -do-
-do-
Tamarind
Flowers
Marigold Providing drainage trench (1.5 Providing drainage trench (1.5
cu. ft) across the slope cu. ft) across the slope
Jasmine -do-
Rose -do-
Chrysanthemum -

34
Crossandra
Sea water intrusion

2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone

Extreme event type Suggested contingency measurer

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Heat Wave
Cold wave
NOT APPLICABLE
Frost
Hailstorm
Cyclone

35
2.5. Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries
2.5.1 Livestock

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event
Drought
Feed and As the district is frequently prone for drought, it Harvest and use all the failed crop (Maize, Rice, Short duration fodder crops of Sorghum /
Fodder should have reserves (feeding 5000 ACU Bengal gram, Groundnut, Wheat, green gram, Bajra / Maize (UP Chari, Pusa Chari, HC-
availability (maintenance ration) for about 1-3 weeks period) of jowar, soyabean) material as fodder. Harvest the 136, HD-2/Rajkoo, Gaint Bajra, L-74, K-
the following at any point of the year for top fodder (Neem, Subabul, Acasia, Pipol etc) and 6677, Ananand / African tall, Kissan
mobilization to the needy areas unconventional feeds resources available and use composite, Moti, Manjari, BI-7) should be
Silage:20-50 t as fodder for livestock (LS). sown in unsown and crop failed areas
Urea molasses mineral bricks (UMMB):50- Available feed and fodder should be cut from Capacity building to stake holders on
100 t CPRs and stall fed in order to reduce the energy drought/flood mitigation in livestock sector
Hay:100-250 t requirements of the animals Flushing the stock to recoup
Concentrates: 20-50 t Supply silage / hay to farmers having productive Replenish the feed and fodder banks
Minerals and vitamin supplements stock on subsidized rates
mixture:1-5 t Mild drought: hay should be transported to the
Top dressing of N in 2-3 split doses @ 20-25 kg drought affected villages
N/ha in CPRs with the monsoon pattern for higher Moderate drought: hay, silage and vitamin &
biomass production minerals mixture should be transported to the
Increase area under short duration fodder crops of drought affected villages
sorghum/bajra/maize(UP chari, MP chari, HC-136, Severe drought: UMMB, hay, concentrates and
HD-2, GAINT BAJRA, L-74, K-677, vitamin & mineral mixture should be transported
Ananad/African Tall, Kisan composite, Moti, to the drought affected villages. All the hay should
Manjari, B1-7 be enriched with 2% Urea molasses solution or
Chopping of fodder should be made as mandatory in 1% common salt solution and fed to LS
every village through supply and establishment of Herd should be split and supplementation should
good quality crop cutters. be given only to the highly productive and
Avoid burning of maize stover breeding animals during severe drought
Harvesting and collection of perennial vegetation Provision of emergency grazing/feeding (Cow-
particularly grasses which grow during monsoon calf camps or other special arrangements to
Proper drying, bailing and densification of harvested protect high productive & breeding stock)
grass Encourage mixing available kitchen waste with

36
 Creation of permanent fodder, feed and fodder seed dry fodder while feeding to the milch animals
banks in all drought prone villages Arrangements should be made for mobilization of
Capacity building and preparedness of the small ruminants across the districts where no
stakeholders and official staff for the unexpected drought exits
events Unproductive livestock should to be culled during
severe drought
Create transportation and marketing facilities for
the culled and unproductive animals (10000-
20000 animals)
Subsidized loans (5-10 crores) should be provided
to the livestock keepers

Cyclone NA

Floods In case of early forewarning (EFW), harvest all the Transportation of animals to elevated areas Repair of animal shed
crops (Maize, Rice, Bengal gram, Groundnut, Wheat, Stall feeding of animals with stored hay and Bring back the animals to the shed
green gram, jowar, soyabean) that can be useful as concentrates Cleaning and disinfection of the shed
fodder/feed in future (store properly) Let loose the animals in shed Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / water sources
Don’t allow the animals for grazing if severe floods Proper hygiene and sanitation of the animal shed Deworming with broad spectrum dewormers
are forewarned In severe floods, un-tether or let loose the animals Vaccination against possible disease out
Procure and stock water sanitizing tablets Emergency outlet establishment for required breaks like HS, BQ, FMD and PPR
Motivate the farmers to store a minimum required medicines or feed in each village Proper disposable of the dead animals /
quantity of hay (25-50kg) and concentrates (25kgs) Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds carcasses by burning / deep burying (4-8
per animals in farmer / LS keepers house / shed for feet) with lime powder (1kg for small
feeding animals during floods ruminants and 5kg for large ruminants) in pit
Arrangement for transportation of animals from low Drying the harvested crop material and
lying area to safer places and also for rescue animal proper storage for use as fodder.
health workers to get involve in rescue operations

Heat & NA
Cold wave
Health and Timely vaccination (as per enclosed vaccination Carryout deworming to all animals entering into Keep close surveillance on disease outbreak.
Disease schedule) against all endemic diseases relief camps Undertake the vaccination depending on
manageme Procure and stock emergency medicines vaccines for Identification and quarantine of sick animals need
nt important endemic diseases of the area Constitution of Rapid Action Veterinary Force Keep the animal houses clean and spray
Surveillance and disease monitoring network to be Performing ring vaccination (8 km radius) in disinfectants Farmers should be advised to
established at Joint Director (Animal Husbandry) case of any outbreak breed their milch animals during July-
office in the district Restricting movement of livestock in case of any September so that the peak milk production

37
 epidemic does not coincide with mid summer
Rescue of sick and injured animals and their
treatment
Organize with community daily lifting of dung
from relief camps

Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission for insurance claim and availing
insurance benefit
Purchase of new productive animals
Drinking Identification of water resources Restrict wallowing of animals in water Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / water sources
water Rain water harvesting and create water bodies/resources Provide clean drinking water
bodies/watering points (when water is scarce use only
as drinking water for animals)
Construction of drinking water tanks in herding
places/village junctions/relief camp locations

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn
PPR All seasons, preferably in June-July
Black quarter (BQ) May / June
Enterotoxaemia (ET) May
Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / June
Sheep pox (SP) December / march

38
 Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:

Disease Age and season at vaccination

Anthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to May
HS May to June
BQ May to June
FMD November to December

2.5.2 Poultry

Suggested contingency measures

Before the eventa During the event After the event
Drought
Shortage of feed Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken Supplementation only for productive birds Supplementation to all
ingredients rice, bajra etc, with house hold grain
Culling of weak birds Supplementation of shell grit (calcium) for
laying birds
Drinking water Rain water harvesting Sanitation of drinking water Give sufficient water as per the bird’s
requirement
Health and disease Culling of sick birds. Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complex Hygienic and sanitation of poultry house
management Deworming and vaccination against RD and fowl including vit C in drinking water Disposal of dead birds by burning /
pox burying with line powder in pit

Floods
Shortage of feed In case of EFW, shift the birds to safer place Use stored feed as supplement Routine practices are followed
ingredients Storing of house hold grain like maize, broken Don’t allow for scavenging
rice, bajra etc,
Culling of weak birds

39
Drinking water Provide clean drinking water Sanitation of drinking water Sanitation of drinking water

Health and disease In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder in drinking Sanitation of poultry house Disposal of dead birds by burning /
management water to prevent any disease outbreak Treatment of affected birds burying with line powder in pit
Prevent water logging surrounding the sheds Disposal of poultry manure to prevent
Assure supply of electricity protozoal problem
Sprinkle lime powder to prevent ammonia Supplementation of coccidiostats in feed
accumulation due to dampness Vaccination against RD
Cyclone NA
Heat wave and cold wave NA

2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture:

Suggested contingency measures
Before the eventa During the event After the event
1) Drought
A. Capture
Marine No intervention No intervention No intervention
Inland
(i) Shallow water depth Stocking of advnced fingerlings in half or Immediate harvesting or decreasing the De weeding and deepening of tank to
due to insufficient even less than the normal stocking density or density commensurate with the water ensure retention of water for a longer
rains/inflow stocking of common carp seed quantity. period and provision of employment
under MGNREGP
(ii) Changes in water Regular monitoring of water quality Immediate harvesting or changing the Removal of top layer, deep ploughing
quality parameters and application of geolites, soil water quality by application of of tank and application of lime
probiotics, etc to maintain water qaulity sanitisers.
(iii) Any other
B. Aquaculture
(i) Shallow water in Crop holiday or going for stocking of Harvesting of fish and leaving the pond Removal of top layer, deep ploughing

40
ponds due to insufficient yearlings by reducing the density according fallow till next season of tank and application of lime
rains/inflow to availability of water
(ii) Impact of salt load Stocking of salinity tolerant fish / shrimp, Frenquent change of water with fresh Frequent draining of the pond with
build up in ponds / application of geolites and other buffers water fresh water, removal of top layers
change in water quality
(iii) Any other
2) Floods
A. Capture
Marine No intervention No intervention No intervention
Inland
(i) Average Shifting the people from low lying areas to Deployment of specially trained persons Payment sufficient ex-gratia to the
compensation paid due relief camps for rescue operations by providing life families
to loss of human life bouys, jackets, ropes, boats, etc
(ii) No. of boats / Shifting and relocating boats and nets to safer Shifting and relocating boats and nets to Assessment of damages to boats and
nets/damaged places when warnings are issued, to avoid safer places nets and provision of boats and nets for
fishing, etc restoration of livelihoods
(iii) No.of houses Avoidance of construction of houses in flood Shifting of people by relief boats to the Assessment of damages to houses and
damaged prone ares, construction of pucca houses at relief camps provision of compensation in case of
elevated places, partial damage and sanction house
under existing schemes
(iv) Loss of stock Avoidance of surface species like catla, silver Erection of nets at spill ways Taking up compensatory stocking
carp since they are vulnerable in tanks prone
to floods, erection of nets across the spill way
or just beyond it
(v) Changes in water When dissolved oxygen levels go down,
quality aerators, recirculation of water, etc are
to be attempted to maintain DO levels,
going for partial harvest, etc
(vi) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavy accumulation There may be break out of Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,

41
 of nutrients and organic matter. Heamorrhagic septicimea. Addition of deep ploughing of tank and application
antibiotics like Chloro Tetra Cycline or of lime, exposing to sun light
Oxy Tetra Cycline to the feed to
constrol the disease
B. Aquaculture
(i) Inundation with flood Raising and rivetting the bunds, construction Continuous pumping of excess water, Strengthening of bunds, excavating
water of spill way to release excess water, erection erection of nets low lying areas channels along the sides of the ponds
of nets to avoid escape of fish for free escape of water
(ii) Water continuation When dissolved oxygen levels go down,
and changes in water aerators, recirculation of water, etc are
quality to be attempted to maintain DO levels,
going for partial harvest, etc
(iii) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavy accumulation There may be break out of Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,
of nutrients and organic matter. Heamorrhagic septicimea. Addition of deep ploughing of tank and application
antibiotics like Chloro Tetra Cycline or of lime, exposing to sun light
Oxy Tetra Cycline to the feed to
constrol the disease
(iv) Loss of stock and Advance erection of nets, strengthening of Suspension of feeding, application of Compensatory stocking, assessment of
inputs (feed, chemicals bunds where they are prone to breaches, organic manures values and payment of subsidy on
etc) harvesting or reducing the density inputs
(v) Infrastructure Insuring pond, accessories, etc., Shifting of Relocating pumps, aerators to elevated Assessment of damages and provision
damage (pumps, aerators, pumps soon after warnigs are issued places of them on subsidy
aerators, huts etc)
(vi) Any other
3. Cyclone / Tsunami NA
4. Heat wave and cold
wave
a
based on forewarning wherever available

42