Water Resources

Question 1.
Dams can be categorised as large or major or small dams according to:
(a) Width
(b) Height
(c) Depth
(d) Volume

Answer

Answer: (b) Height

According to the height, dams can be categorised as large or major or small dams.

Question 2.
Who proudly proclaimed dams as the temples of modern India:
(а) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Lai Bahadur Shastri
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Indira Gandhi

Answer

Answer: (c) Jawaharlal Nehru

It was Jawaharlal Nehru who proclaimed the dams ‘temples of modern India’.

Question 3.
The Sardar Sarovar Dam is being built across the ………………………… river.
(a) Mahanadi
(b) Satluj
(c) Ravi
(d) Narmada

Answer

Answer: (d) Narmada

It is being build across the Narmada river.

Question 4.
In Gujarat, the Sabarmati-basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over the high
priority given to water supply in:
(a) Rural areas
(b) Urban areas
(c) Industrial area
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Urban areas

The farmers agitated because more water was being given to the urban areas.

Question 5.
The which of the following government are involved in the Krishna-Godavari dispute:
(а) Punjab and Haryana.
(b) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
(c) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
(d) Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

Answer

Answer: (b) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

The Krishna-Godavari dispute is due to the objections coused by Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
governments.

Question 6.
Many dams were constructed to control floods but have triggered flood due to:
(а) Sedimentation in the reservoir
(b) Jamming of water supplies
(c) Excessive rains
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (а) Sedimentation in the reservoir

Due to sedimentation in the reservoir.

Question 7.
The floods in Maharashtra and Gujarat in 2006, have not only devasted life and property but also
caused:
(а) Jamming of the water supplies
(b) Sedimentation in the reservoir
(c) Extensive soil erosion
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Extensive soil erosion

Floods cause extensive soil erosion.

Question 8.
Multi-purpose projects also induce:
(a) Earthquakes
(b) Pollution
(c) Water borne diseases
(d) All the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All the above

Multi-purpose projects also induce all the above three.

Question 9.
For agricultural purpose people in hills and mountains, build diversion channels known as:
(a) Pubs or kuls
(b) Guls or kuls
(c) Drip or kuls
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Guls or kuls

They were called guls or kuls.
Question 10.
To store rooftop rain water harvesting was commonly practiced drinking water in:
(a) Assam
(b) Gujarat
(c) West Bengal
(d) Rajasthan

Answer

Answer: (d) Rajasthan

Rooftops rain water harvesting was started in Rajasthan.

Question 11.
People developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields in the flood plains of:
(a) Bengal
(b) Assam
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Gujarat

Answer

Answer: (a) Bengal

It was started in Bengal.

Question 12.
In Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer region of Rajasthan, almost all the houses had under-ground
tankas for:
(а) storing eatables
(b) storing cereals
(c) storing household items
(d) storing drinking water

Answer

Answer: (d) Storing drinking water

Tanks were used to store drinking water.

Question 13.
Polar Pani is also referred to as:
(а) pure water
(b) filtered water
(c) rain water
(d) portable water

Answer

Answer: (c) Rain water

Palar Pani is also referred to as rain water.

Question 14.
Gendathur a remote backward village is in:
(a) Delhi
(b) Mysore
(c) Bangalore
(d) Chennai
 Answer

Answer: (b) Mysore

It is in Mysore, Karnataka.

Question 15.
Which of the following is the first and only state in India to have made rooftop rain water
harvesting structure compulsory to all the homes:
(a) West Benga
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Karnataka
(d) Tamil Nadu

Answer

Answer: (d) Tamil Nadu

In Tamil Nadu.

Question 16.
The percent of the total volume of water to exist as oceans is:
(a) 94.5
(b) 95.5
(c) 96.5
(d) 97.5

Answer

Answer: (c) 96.5

It is 96.5 percent.

Question 17.
The percent of fresh water on the earth is:
(a) 2.5
(b) 2.6
(c) 2.7
(d) 2.8

Answer

Answer: (a) 2.5

It is 2.5 percent.

Question 18.
The percent of fresh water as ice sheets and glaciers is:
(a) 50
(b) 60
(c) 70
(d) 80

Answer

Answer: (c) 70
It is 70 percent.

Question 19.
India ranks ………….. in the world in
term of water availability per person per annum:
(a) 133
(b) 134
(c) 135
(d) 136

Answer

Answer: (a) 133

In terms of water availability per person per annum India ranks 133.

Question 20.
The total renewable water resources of India are estimated at …………….. sq.km per annum.
(a) 1,697
(b) 1,797
(c) 1,897
(d) 1,997

Answer

Answer: (c) 1,897

It was estimated at 1,897 sq. km per annum.

Question 21.
According to Falken Mark, water stress occurs when water availability is less than …………….. cubic
metre per person per day.
(a) 1,000
(b) 2,000
(c) 3,000
(d) 4,000

Answer

Answer: (a) 1,000

Water stress occurs when water availability is less than 1000 cubic metre per person.

Question 22.
In the hydrological cycle, fresh water can be obtained directly from:
(a) Precipitation
(b) Surface run off
(c) Ground water
(d) All the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All the above

Fresh water can be available by all the these processes.

Question 23.
In India, today hydroelectric power contributes approximately ………………. percent of the total
electricity produced.
(a) 21
(b) 22
(c) 23
(d) 24

Answer
Answer: (b) 22
Hydro-electric power contributes approximately 22 percent of the total electricity produced.

Question 24.
Most of the small rivers of India have been turned into:
(a) Holy streams
(b) Poisonous streams
(c) Toxic streams
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Toxic streams

Due to waste by humans most of the small rivers of India have turned into toxic streams.

Question 25.
Dams, lakes and irrigation systems were extensively built during the reign of:
(a) Bimbisara
(b) Harsha
(c) Chandragupta Maurya
(d) Ashoka

Answer

Answer: (c) Chandragupta Maurya

During Chandragupta’s reign dams, lakes and irrigation systems were extensively built.

Question 26.
Evidence of sophisticated irrigation works have been found in:
(a) Kalinga
(b) Nagarjunakonda
(c) Bennur
(d) All the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All the above

In all the three regions sophisticated irrigation works have been found.

Question 27.
Which of the following was the largest artificial lake built in the 11th century:
(a) Kalinga lake
(b) Bennur lake
(c) Kolhapur lake
(d) Bhopal lake

Answer

Answer: (d) Bhopal lake

It was Bhopal lake.

Question 28.
Hauz Khas, in Delhi was constructed by:
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Jahangir
(c) Shah Jahan
(d) Razia Sultan

Answer

Answer: (a) Iltutmish

It was constructed by Iltutmish.

Question 29.
Multi-purpose projects where the many uses of the impounded water are integrated with one
another are called:
(a) Barriers
(b) Channels
(c) Dams
(d) Reserves

Answer

Answer: (c) Dams

These are called dams.

Question 30.
The Hirakud dam is situated on the:
(a) Beas river
(b) Satluj river
(c) Ganga river
(d) Mahanadi river

Answer

Answer: (d) Mahanadi river

Hirakud dam is situated on the river Mahanadi.

Write true (T) or false (F)

1. About three-fourth of the earth’s surface is covered with water.

Answer

Answer: True

2. The fresh water is mainly obtained from surface run off and ground water that is continually
being renewed and recharged through the oxygen cycle.

Answer

Answer: False

3. It is predicted that by 2025, nearly two billion people will live in absolute water scarcity.

Answer

Answer: True

4. Nearly 70 percent of the fresh water occurs as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland
and the Mountain regions of the world.
 Answer

Answer: True

5. A little less than 40 percent of fresh water is stored as groundwater in the world’s aquifers.

Answer

Answer: False

6. By 2025, it is predicted that large parts of India will join countries having absolute water
scarcity.

Answer

Answer: True

7. The availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in
seasonal and annual precipitation.

Answer

Answer: True

8. Water stress occurs when water availability is less than 2,000 cubic metre per person per day.

Answer

Answer: False

9. Fresh water cannot be directy obtained from precipitation, surface run off and groundwater.

Answer

Answer: False

10. Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population.

Answer

Answer: True

11. To facilitate higher food-grain production water resources are being over-exploited to expand
irrigated areas and dry-season agriculture.

Answer

Answer: True

12. Excess irrigation can lead to an increase in the level of the groundwater.

Answer

Answer: False
13. Increasing number of industries have made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing
fresh water resources.

Answer

Answer: True

14. In India, hydroelectric power contributes approximately 32 percent of the total electricity
produced.

Answer

Answer: False

15. Sometimes scarcity of water may be due to bad quality of water.

Answer

Answer: True

16. India’s rivers, especially the smaller ones, have all turned into toxic streams.

Answer

Answer: True

17. The waters of the big rivers like the Ganga and Yamuna are still pure.

Answer

Answer: False

18. Over-exploitation and mismanagement of water resources will impoverish this resource and
cause ecological crisis.

Answer

Answer: True

19. Sophisticated hydraulic structures like dams were not constructed during the ancient times.

Answer

Answer: False

20. During the time of Chandragupta Maurya dams, lakes and irrigation systems were extensively
built.

Answer

Answer: True

21. Bhopal lake, one of the largest artificial lakes of its time was built in the 12th century.

Answer
Answer: False

22. Haus Khas, in Delhi was constructed by Iltutmish in the 15th century.

Answer

Answer: False

23. Dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for domestic
and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, etc.

Answer

Answer: True

24. In the Satluj-Beas river basin, the Bhakra-Nangal project water is being used both for hydel
power production and domestic uses.

Answer

Answer: False

25. The Hirakud Project in the Mahanadi basin integrates conservation of water with flood control.

Answer

Answer: True

26. Dam refers to the reservoir rather than the structure.

Answer

Answer: True

27. Dams are classified according to structure, intended purpose or width.

Answer

Answer: False

28. Multi-purpose projects were thought of as the vehicle that would lead the nation to
development and progress.

Answer

Answer: True

29. In recent years, multi-purpose projects and large dams have come under great scrutiny and
opposition for a variety of reasons.

Answer

Answer: True
30. The reservoirs that are created on the flood plains also submerge the existing vegetation and
soil leading to its decomposition over a period of time.

Answer

Answer: True

Match the following

1.

Column-A Column-B
1. Oustees (a) to observe carefully.
2. Scrutiny (b) social movement.
3. Tehri Dam Andolan (c) rain water.
(d) tanks for storing drinking
4. Palar Pani
water.
5. Matkas (e) displaced people.
Answer

Answer:

Column-A Column-B
1. Oustees (e) displaced people.
2. Scrutiny (a) to observe carefully.
3. Tehri Dam Andolan (b) social movement.
4. Palar Pani (c) rain water.
(d) tanks for storing drinking
5. Matkas
water.

2.

Column-I Column-II Column-III

1. Irrigation has changed the
(a) hydrological (A) regions
cropping
2. All water moves within the (b) floods at the time of (B) cycle
3. India receives nearly 4
(c) pattern of many (C) precipitation
percent of
4. A dam is a barrier across (d) a flowing (D) excessive rainfall
5. Big dams have been
(e) the global (E) river
unsuccessful in controlling
Answer

Answer:

Column-I Column-II Column-III

1. Irrigation has changed the
(c) pattern of many (A) regions
cropping
2. All water moves within the (a) hydrological (B) cycle
3. India receives nearly 4
(e) the global (C) precipitation
percent of
4. A dam is a barrier across (d) a flowing (E) river
5. Big dams have been
(b) floods at the time of (D) excessive rainfall
unsuccessful in controlling

3.

Column-A Column-B
1. Shringaverapura (a) Orissa
2. Kalinga (b) Andhra Pradesh
3. Nagarjunakonda (c) Karnataka
4. Bennur (d) Maharashtra
5. Kolhapur (e) Allahabad
Answer

Answer:

Column-A Column-B
1. Shringaverapura (e) Allahabad
2. Kalinga (a) Orissa
3. Nagarjunakonda (b) Andhra Pradesh
4. Bennur (c) Karnataka
5. Kolhapur (d) Maharashtra

Fill in the blanks

1. The total ……………………… water resources of India are estimated at 1,897 sq. km. per annum.

Answer

Answer: renewable

2. The availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in
seasonal and annual ……………………… .

Answer

Answer: precipitation

3. In the ……………………… cycle, fresh water can be obtained directly from precipitation, surface run
off and ground water.

Answer

Answer: hydrological

4. A large population means more water not only for ……………………… use but also to produce more
food.

Answer

Answer: domestic
5. The over-increasing number of industries has made matters worse by exerting pressure on
existing ……………………… resources.

Answer

Answer: fresh water

6. In India ……………………… power contributes approximately 22 percent of the total electricity

produced.

Answer

Answer: hydro-electric

7. ……………………… water resources are being over-exploited and have caused their depletion in
several cities.

Answer

Answer: Fragile

8. Scarcity of water can also be due to ……………………… quality of water.

Answer

Answer: bad

9. The need of the hour is to ……………………… and manage our water resources.

Answer

Answer: conserve

10. Archaeological and ……………………… records show that from ancient times we have been
constructing sophisticated hydraulic structures.

Answer

Answer: historical

11. Hauz Khas was constructed by Iltutmish for supplying water to ……………………… area.

Answer

Answer: Siri Fort

12. ‘Dam’ refers to the ……………………… rather than the structure.

Answer

Answer: reservoir

13. The Sardar Sarovar Dam is being built across the ……………………… river in Gujarat.

Answer
Answer: Narmada

14. Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern of many regions with farmers shifting to
water intensive and …………………….. crops.

Answer

Answer: commercial

15. In ……………………… the Sabarmati Basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over
the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas.

Answer

Answer: Gujarat