Cloud Computing

M. Sc. & MCA

 SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SaaS)
Definition: SaaS delivers software applications over the internet on a subscription basis. These applications are hosted
and managed by the cloud provider and are accessed through a web browser or API.
Control: Users have minimal control over the underlying infrastructure or application code. They interact with the
software through its user interface and manage their own data and settings within the application.
Management: The cloud provider manages everything, including infrastructure, platform, and application maintenance.
Users do not need to worry about updates, patches, or hardware.
Flexibility: SaaS offers limited flexibility. Users can customize certain aspects of the software, such as user settings and
preferences, but they cannot modify the core application or its infrastructure.
Scalability: The service scales automatically based on user demand. Users do not need to manage scaling themselves;
the provider handles resource allocation and scaling.
Cost Model: Typically follows a subscription model, often billed on a per-user or per-feature basis. There may be
different pricing tiers based on the level of service or features.
 SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SaaS)
Use Cases: Ideal for end-users or businesses that need ready-to-use software solutions with minimal setup and
maintenance. Common use cases include email services, customer relationship management (CRM) systems, and
productivity suites.
Examples: Google Workspace (formerly G Suite), Microsoft 365, Salesforce, Dropbox.
 SaaS BENEFITS
Low Set Up and Infrastructure costs:
 You only pay for what you need, so it is a very cost-effective solution for all-sized businesses.
Scalability:
 You can adapt your requirements to the number of people who need to use the system, the volume of data and the
functionality required as your business grows.
Accessible from Anywhere:
 Just connect to the internet, and you can work from wherever you need to be via desktop, laptop, tablet or mobile
or other networked devices.
Automatic, frequent updates:
 Providers offer timely improvements thanks to their scale and because they receive feedback about what their
customers need. This frees up your IT department for other, more business-critical tasks.
Security at the highest level required by any customer:
 Because of the shared nature of the service, all users benefit from the security level set up for those with the
highest need.
 SaaS LIMITATIONS
Lack of control:
 In-house software application gives businesses a higher degree of control than hosted solutions where control
resides with a third party.
 Typically everyone has to use the latest version of the software application and cannot defer upgrades or changes
in the features.
Security and data concerns: Access management and the privacy of sensitive information is a major consideration
around cloud and hosted services.
Limited range of applications: While SaaS is becoming more popular, there are still many applications that don't offer a
hosted platform.
Connectivity requirement: Since the SaaS model is based on web delivery, if your internet service fails, you will lose
access to your software or data
Performance: SaaS may run at somewhat slower speeds than on-premise client or server applications, so it's worth
keeping performance in mind your software isn't hosted on a local machine.
 PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PaaS)
 Definition: PaaS provides a cloud platform and environment to allow developers to build, deploy, and manage
applications without having to manage the underlying infrastructure. It includes development tools, operating
systems, databases, and middleware.
 Control: Users have control over their applications and data but have limited control over the underlying operating
systems and infrastructure. The platform provides a managed environment with built-in services for development
and deployment.
 Management: Users are responsible for managing their applications and data. The cloud provider manages the
underlying infrastructure, including servers, storage, networking, and operating systems. Middleware and
development tools are also managed by the provider.
 Flexibility: PaaS offers moderate flexibility. While users can choose development frameworks, programming
languages, and application environments, they are constrained by the capabilities and configurations provided by the
platform.
 PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PaaS)

 Scalability: Resources can be automatically scaled up or down based on the application's needs. PaaS platforms
often include features for load balancing and auto-scaling to handle varying workloads.
 Cost Model: Typically follows a subscription-based or usage-based model. Users pay for the platform services they
use, which can include development tools, databases, and other application-related resources.
 Use Cases: Ideal for developers who need a platform to build, test, and deploy applications quickly without
worrying about managing the underlying infrastructure. Common use cases include web applications, mobile
applications, and APIs.
 Applications developed in PaaS systems can be composite business applications, data portals, or mashups with data
derived from multiple sources.
 Examples: Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure App Service, Heroku, Red Hat OpenShift, Drupal, Squarespace,
Wolf, and others where the tools are modules that are very well developed and require almost no coding.
 PaaS Attributes
 A good PaaS system has certain desirable characteristics that are important in developing robust, scalable, and
hopefully portable applications.
 Separate of data management from the user interface
 Reliance on cloud computing standards
 An integrated development environment (IDE)
 Lifecycle management tools
 Multi-tenant architecture support, security, and scalability
 Performance monitoring, testing, and optimization tools
 The more vibrant the associated market of a PaaS’s third-party add-ons, applications, tools, and services, the better
they are.
 These extras allow you to extend your application by buying functionality, which is almost always cheaper than
having to roll your own
 PaaS Benefits
Cut coding time:
 PaaS development tools can cut the time it takes to code new apps with pre-coded application components built
into the platform, such as workflow, directory services, security features, search, and so on.
Add development capabilities without adding staff:
 Platform as a Service components can give your development team new capabilities without your needing to add
staff having the required skills.
Develop for multiple platforms—including mobile—more easily:
 Some service providers give you development options for multiple platforms, such as computers, mobile devices,
and browsers making cross-platform apps quicker and easier to develop.
Use sophisticated tools affordably:
 A pay-as-you-go model makes it possible for individuals or organizations to use sophisticated development
software and business intelligence and analytics tools that they could not afford to purchase outright.
 PaaS Benefits
Support geographically distributed development teams:
 Because the development environment is accessed over the Internet, development teams can work together on
projects even when team members are in remote locations.
Efficiently manage the application lifecycle:
 PaaS provides all of the capabilities that you need to support the complete web application lifecycle: building,
testing, deploying, managing, and updating within the same integrated environment.
 PaaS Services

Application
Collaboration Data management
development

Instrumentation,
Transaction
performance, and Storage
management
testing

Application development:
 A PaaS platform either provides the means to use programs you create in a supported language or offers a visual
development environment that writes the code for you.
 PaaS Services

Collaboration:
 Many PaaS systems are set up to allow multiple individuals to work on the same projects.
Data management:
 Tools are provided for accessing and using data in a data store.
Instrumentation, performance, and testing:
 Tools are available for measuring your applications and optimizing their performance.
Storage:
 Data can be stored in either the PaaS vendor’s service or accessed from a third party storage service.
Transaction management:
 Many PaaS systems provide services such as transaction managers or brokerage service for maintaining
transaction integrity.
 PaaS Application Frameworks
 Application frameworks provide a means for creating SaaS hosted applications using a unified development
environment or an integrated development environment (IDE).
 PaaS IDEs run the gamut from a tool that requires a dedicated programming staff to create and run to point-and-
click graphical interfaces that any knowledgeable computer user can navigate and create something useful with.
Characteristics:
 They separate data-handling from presentation (user interface).
 They offer tools for establishing business objects or entities and the relationships between them.
 They support the incorporation of business rules, logic, and actions.
 They provide tools for creating data entry controls (forms), views, and reports.
 They provide instrumentation, tools for measuring application performance.
 They support packaging and deployment of applications.
Examples : Drupal, Eccentex AppBase, LongJump, Squarespace, WaveMaker, and Wolf were
 Drupal is a free and open source Content Management System (CMS) that allows organizing, managing and
publishing your content.
 It is built on PHP based environments.
 This is carried out under GNU i.e. General Public License, which means everyone has the freedom of
downloading and sharing it with others.
 Drupal is very popular with government agencies and with media companies, but its reach extends into nearly
any industry, organization, and business type you can think of.
 A short list of sites includes att.com, data.gov.uk, gouvernement.fr, intel.com, lucasfilms.com, mattel.com,
thenation.com, whitehouse.gov, and ubuntu.com.
What is Content Management System?

The Content Management

System (CMS) is a software
which stores all the data of
your content (such as text,
photos, music, documents,
etc.) and is made available on
your website.
A CMS helps in editing,
publishing and modifying the
content of the website.
Drupal
 DRUPAL FEATURES
 Drupal makes it easy to create and manage your site.
 Drupal translates anything in the system with built-in user interfaces.
 Drupal connects your website to other sites and services using feeds, search
engine connection capabilities, etc.
 Drupal is an open source software hence requires no licensing costs.
 Drupal designs highly flexible and creative website with effective display quality
thus increasing the visitors to the site.
 Drupal can publish your content on social media such as Twitter, Facebook and
other social mediums.
 Drupal provides more number of customizable themes, including several base
themes which are used to design your own themes for developing web
applications.
 Drupal manages content on informational sites, social media sites, member sites,
intranets and web applications.
 DRUPAL ADVANTAGES
LARGE AND ENGAGING COMMUNITY:
 Drupal boasts of one of the largest and most engaging community in the world with more than 1 million
developers, trainers, coordinators, strategists, designers, editors and sponsors on board. They work collectively,
proactively and continuously to shape the platform and review the code and functionality.
DRUPAL SECURITY TEAM:
 As millions of websites breathe on Drupal, the security of this platform is the primary focus of the community.
Hence, a Drupal security team was formed in 2005 comprising of 40 security experts from all over the world.
They analyze and identify security vulnerabilities in the Drupal Core as well as the community-contributed
modules.
MEETS WITH OWASP STANDARDS:
 Drupal is secure by design, in other words, it is designed in such a manner that it effectively meets with all the
security standards set by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP).OWASP is a global not-for-profit
charitable organization dedicated to improving the security of software.
 DRUPAL ADVANTAGES

STABLE AND SECURE CODEBASE:

 Even though Drupal is an open source software, its core code base is highly stable and secure; They thoroughly
scrutinize each and every module contributed by a user and then approve it to make it available for the
community.
Security-focused Hosting:
 These hosting platforms are optimized for Drupal’s requirements and implement measures like regular backups,
server-level firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and malware scanning. Choosing a secure hosting provider
further enhances the overall security of Drupal websites.
Variety of content types:
 Drupal is famous for allowing to create and manage many content types, like: videos, polls, user management,
text, blogs, podcasts, statistics, and others.
Plugins:
 The script has several thousands of plugins available on its website. Since Drupal is an Open Source.
 DRUPAL DISADVANTAGES

Installation and modification:

 The script is not very user-friendly and requires advanced knowledge to install and modify.
Compatibility:
 Drupal have plenty of new solutions. If you're used to older systems, getting used to this script will take some
time.
Efficiency:
 When considering scalability and efficiency, Drupal is far behind other scripts like Quick.C
 LONGJUMP
 LongJump is a Sunnyvale, California, company hosting service created in 2003 with a PaaS application
development suite.
 Its development environment is based on Java and uses REST/SOAP APIs. (Simple Object Access Protocol and
Representational State Transfer)
 LongJump creates browser-based Web applications that are database-enabled.
 LongJump comes with an Object Model Viewer, forms, reports, layout tools, dashboards, and site management
tools.
 Access control is based on role- and rule-based access, and it allows for data-sharing between teams and between
tenants.
 LongJump comes with a security policy engine that has user and group privileges, authentication, IP range
blocking, SSO, and LDAP interoperability. (Single Sign-On, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol).
 The company was acquired by SoftwareAG in 2013.
 LONGJUMP KEY FEATURES
 SaaS application hosting software solution
 Multi-tenant architecture
 Able to accommodate a wide variety of programs and technology
 99% uptime guaranteed
 Consistently backs up data and can restore data in the event of hardware failure or disaster
 Around the clock customer service
 Fully scalable

Products Similar to - LongJump PaaS

LONGJUMP
 GOOGLE APPS AND WEB SERVICES
 Google is the prototypical cloud computing services company, and it supports some of the largest Web sites and
services in the world.
 At the center of Google’s core business is the company’s search technology.
 The application of Google’s searches to content aggregation has led to enormous societal changes and to a growing
trend of disintermediation.
 The most important commercial part of Google’s activities is its targeting advertising business: AdWords & AdSense.
 The range of application types offered by Google spans a variety of types: productivity applications, mobile
applications, media delivery, social interactions, and many more.
 Google has a very large program for developers that spans its entire range of applications and services like Google’s
AJAX APIs, the Google Web Toolkit, and Google Apps Engine hosting service.
 Using Google App Engine, you can create Web applications in Java and Python that can be deployed on Google’s
infrastructure and scaled to a large size.
 INDEXED SEARCH
 Google’s search technology is based on automated page indexing and information retrieval by Web crawlers, also
called spiders or robots.

 Google uses a patented algorithm to determine the importance of a particular page based on the number of quality
links to that page from other sites, along with other factors such as the use of keywords, how long the site has been
available, and traffic to the site or page.
 That factor is called the PageRank, and the algorithm used to determine PageRank is a trade secret. Google is always
tweaking the algorithm to prevent Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategies from gaming the system.
 Based on this algorithm, Google returns what is called a Search Engine Results Page (SERP) for a query that is
parsed for its keywords.
 ADVERTISING BUSINESS
Google Ads:
 Google Ads (formerly known as Google AdWords) is an online advertising platform where advertisers pay to display
ads on Google’s search results pages, YouTube, and other Google-affiliated websites.
 It operates on a cost-per-click (CPC) model, though there are also other options like cost-per-impression (CPM) and
cost-per-acquisition (CPA).
 Google Ads is for advertisors.
 General type of ads : Search Ads, Display Ads, Video Ads, Shopping Ads, App Promotion Ads.

Google AdSense:
 Google AdSense is an advertising program that allows website owners and content creators to monetize their
websites or YouTube channels by displaying ads provided by Google.
 It works on a cost-per-click (CPC) or cost-per-impression (CPM) model.
 Google AdSense is for publishers.
ADVERTISING BUSINESS
 ENTERPRISE OFFERINGS
 As Google has built out its portfolio, it has released special versions of its products for the enterprise.
 The following are among Google’s products aimed at the enterprise market:
 Google Commerce Search: This is a search service for online retailers that markets their products in their site
searches with a number of navigation, filtering, promotion, and analytical functions.
 Google Site Search: Google sells its search engine customized for enterprises under the Google Site Search service
banner. The user enters a search string in the site’s search, and Google returns the results from that site.
 Google Search Appliance: This server can be deployed within an organization to speed up both local (Intranet) and
Internet searching. The three versions of the Google Search Appliance can store an index of up to 300,000 (GB-
1001), 10 million (GB-5005), or 30 million (GB-8008) documents. Beyond indexing, these appliances have
document management features, perform custom searches, cache content, and give local support to Google Analytics
and Google Sitemaps.
 Google Mini : The Mini is the smaller version of the GSA that stores 300,000 indexed documents.
PRODUCTIVITY APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES
PRODUCTIVITY APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES
PRODUCTIVITY APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES
GOOGLE ANALYTICS
 GOOGLE TOOLKIT
 Google has an extensive program that supports developers who want to leverage Google’s cloudbased
applications and services.
 Google has a number of areas in which it offers development services, including the following:
 AJAX APIs : are used to build widgets and other applets commonly found in places like iGoogle. AJAX
provides access to dynamic information using JavaScript and HTML.
 Android: is a phone operating system development.
 Google App Engine : is Google’s Platform as a Service (PaaS) development and deployment system for cloud
computing applications.
 Google Apps Marketplace: offers application development tools and a distribution channel for cloud-based
applications.
 Project Hosting: is a project management tool for managing source code.
 GOOGLE TOOLKIT
 Google Gears: is a service that provides offline access to online data. Google Gears includes a database engine
installed on the client that caches data and synchronizes it. Gears allows cloud-based applications to be available
to a client even when a network connection to the Internet isn’t available. Using Gears, you could work on your
 mail in Gmail offline, for example.
 Google Web Toolkit: is a set of development tools for browser-based applications. GWT is an open-source
platform that has been used to create Google Wave and Google AdWords. GWT allows developers to create
AJAX applications using Java or with the GWT compiler using JavaScript.