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Unit_2_Study_Guide

The document covers the properties of materials, states of matter, and the water cycle, emphasizing how different materials have unique characteristics and uses. It explains the distinction between pure substances and mixtures, along with key definitions like alloy, compound, and element. Additionally, it discusses the chemical formula for sulfur dioxide and the changes of state for methane.

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5 views

Unit_2_Study_Guide

The document covers the properties of materials, states of matter, and the water cycle, emphasizing how different materials have unique characteristics and uses. It explains the distinction between pure substances and mixtures, along with key definitions like alloy, compound, and element. Additionally, it discusses the chemical formula for sulfur dioxide and the changes of state for methane.

Uploaded by

vy100522
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 2 Materials and their Structure

1. Properties of Materials
Key Concept: Different materials have distinct properties that make them useful for various
purposes.
Examples:
- Air, oxygen, and ice are made of different particles with unique characteristics.
- Iron and stone are solid materials with strong structures, while air and water are fluids.

2. States of Matter
Key Concept: Matter exists in three primary states—solid, liquid, and gas—depending on
the arrangement and movement of particles.
Descriptions:
- Solid: Particles are closely packed in fixed positions and vibrate but do not move around.
- Gas: Particles are far apart and move rapidly in straight lines until they collide.

3. Water Cycle
Key Concept: The water cycle is the process of water moving between the Earth's surface
and the atmosphere.
Important Process:
- Evaporation: Water turns into vapor and rises into the air.
- Condensation: Water vapor cools and changes back into liquid, forming clouds.

4. Pure Substances and Mixtures


Key Concept:
- A pure substance contains only one type of particle (e.g., pure water).
- A mixture contains two or more different types of particles combined physically.
Examples:
- Pure substance: Water (H2O).
- Mixture: Air (a combination of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases).
5. Matching Materials and Descriptions
Key Concept: Materials are classified into categories based on their properties.
Terms to Know:
- Alloy: A mixture of two different types of metal atoms.
- Compound: A pure substance made up of two or more types of atoms chemically bonded.
- Element: A substance made of only one type of atom.

6. Formula of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)


Key Concept: Chemical formulas tell us the types and numbers of atoms in a compound.
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2):
- Contains two elements: Sulfur (S) and Oxygen (O).
- Each sulfur atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms.

7. Changes of State for Methane


Key Concept: Substances can change between solid, liquid, and gas states when they are
heated or cooled.
Key Processes:
- Evaporation: Liquid turns into a gas.
- Melting: Solid turns into a liquid.

Extra Tips for Studying


- Use the Kahoot I sent in the chatbox.

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