CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This mixed method was designed in an explanatory sequential design that starts with
quantitative data collection and analysis and then follows up with qualitative data collection and
analysis, which leads to interpretation the impact of Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL)
strand in enhancing communication skills of grade 12 FTLH students: Basis of improvement
plan. According to Creswell and Plano Clark (2018) explanatory sequential design is the
collection and analysis of quantitative data proceeds collection and analysis of qualitative data.
The design is used primarily to explain or expand quantitative results.

Respondents were randomly selected based on a stratified approach to ensure diversity within
the students' population. The stratified sampling method is about trying to evaluate data from
the different subgroups or strata. It allows them to quickly obtain a sample population that best
represents the entire population being studied. In other words, a stratified sampling method is
collected according to the requirement pf the test, survey, or research that will be used for
(Vijayamohan, 2023). After assessing and identifying the knowledge and practices of grade 12
students in enhancing communication skills were described.

Population Size

As to the master list of grade 12 students, provided by the Dasmariñas Integrated High School
grade 12 FTLH advisers, the master list consists of one-fifty-seven (157) grade 12 FTLH
students. All students from different sections have been invited to participate in answering the
preliminary survey questions. But as stated by Ms. Roni and Sir. Punzalan the practical
research 2 and 3 I's teachers, this study required twenty-eight (28) respondents who were FTLH
students in grade 12.

From the preliminary survey questions distributed to all grade 12 FTLH sections through printed
questionnaires and interview, seven (7) students were chosen in section FTLH A, and six (6)
students from FTLH B, C, and D. Additionally, there are two (2) students from FTLH A were
chosen to answer the questions through interview and one (1) student in FTLH C. This were
approved to be the final respondents in the study to answer the researcher-made, printed
survey questionnaires and recorded interview on, Analyzing the impact of Technical Vocational
Livelihood (TVL) strand in Enhancing Communication skills of Grade 12 students: Basis for
improvement plan.
Research Instrument

The research employed a researcher-made, printed survey questionnaire and interview. This
method allowed for the collection of statistical data on the attributes, attitudes, and actions
related to communication skills within the TVL program.

The survey questionnaire, carefully designed with input from academic experts and a research
advisor, utilized a structured format with standardized closed-ended questions. These
questions were presented in a specific sequence, requiring students to choose from a set of
predefined answers. This approach ensured data consistency and facilitated analysis.

The survey questionnaire included the main and sub-variables with Part 1 focused on students'
awareness of effective communication strategies within their chosen TVL specialization. Part 2
explored the opportunities for communication skill development provided by the TVL curriculum
and its practical applications. Part 3 measured students' participation in communication-related
activities within the TVL program. Part 4 assessed students' self-perceived communication skills
before and after participating in the TVL strand. Lastly, Part 5 examined the perceived impact of
the TVL strand on communication skills in real-world contexts. Additionally, scaling questions
were utilized, employing a 4-point Likert scale with choices ranging from: (1) Strongly Disagree,
(2) Disagree, (3) Agree, and (4) Strongly Agree, to gain a holistic view of their experiences and
perceptions. While the interview questions with Part 6 focused on contribution of NCII to the
academic success of Grade 12 students. Part 7 explored the possible plan to enhance the
communication skills of the students. The data collected will be analyzed to determine the
extent to which the TVL strand at Dasmarinas Integrated High School contributes to improved
communication skills among Grade 12 FTLH students.

Data Gathering Procedures

The research's data collection phase went into detail on the procedures used to obtain
respondent responses and data. To ensure the accuracy and privacy of the data presented, the
researcher is the one who acquired all the data and responses from the respondents. To
support the acquisition of information and data, the researcher conducted a face-to-face survey
and interview with researcher-made questions.

To gather valid data from the respondents, first, the researchers obtained permission from the
Subject teacher of Practical Research 2 to conduct the study and have the Grade 12 students
as the target respondents. Next, after receiving the approval and guidance of the research
panelist, the researchers improved their work. Third, the researchers submitted a letter to the
Senior High School Principal to allow the data gathering procedure of the study. After receiving
the approval and validation, the researchers used a stratified sampling method and created a
printed questionnaire that was distributed to all sections of Grade 12 at Dasmarinas Integrated
High School to find potential respondents who met the study's criteria. Based on the preliminary
questionnaire’s results, the researchers only needed 25 Grade 12 students as respondents.

After that, the researchers distributed the consent form among the 25 respondents and later on
retrieved the consent forms with name and signature of the respondents. Subsequently, the
researchers conducted a face-to-face researcher-made, printed survey questionnaire.

In addition to the structured questionnaire, the researchers incorporated interviews into the data
gathering procedure to enrich the qualitative aspect of their study. This dual-method approach
allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of the respondents' perspectives and
experiences. The interviews were conducted face-to-face with three (3) Grade 12 students who
participated in the interview. This ensured consistency in the sample while providing a more
personal interaction that could lead to richer data collection. Each interview was carefully
recorded with the respondents' consent, allowing for accurate transcription and analysis later.
Once the data had been collected, the researchers tabulated all the gathered data. Finally, the
researchers analyzed and interpreted the data from the tabulation to create a summary and
conclusion of the study.