Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

1) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
In the life cycle of a cell during mitosis a natural change in the amount of genetic material
occurs. The DNA doubles at the following stage:
A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Metaphase
D. Anaphase
E. Telophase

2) krok 2017, 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
A patient has decreased concentration of magnesium ions that are required for ribosomes
connection to granular endoplasmic reticulum. This condition is known to disturb the process
of protein biosynthesis. Disturbance occurs at the following stage:
A. Translation
B. Transcription
C. Replication
D. Amino acids activation
E. Processing

3) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A shepherd, who tended to the flock of sheep with his dogs, gradually developed pain in the
chest and bloody expectorations. X-ray revealed spheric helminth larvae in the patient’s
lungs. Specify the helminth that could be the causative agent of this disease:
A. Echinococcus
B. Hymenolepis nana
C. Diphylobotrium latum
D. Fasciola hepatica
E. Taenia solium

4) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Exposure to colchicine resulted in metaphase plate of a human containing 23 chromosomes
more than it is normal. Name this mutation:
A. Polyploidy
B. Aneuploidy
C. Polyteny
D. Inversion
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

E. Translocation

5) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
T-lymphocytes are determined to be affected with HIV. In this case viral enzyme reverse
transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase) catalyzes the synthesis of:
A. DNA based on the viral RNA matrix
B. Viral RNA based on the DNA matrix
C. Viral protein based on the viral RNA matrix
D. Viral DNA based on the DNA matrix
E. Informational RNA based on the viral protein matrix

6) krok 2017, 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A woman with the III (В), Rh (-) blood group gave birth to a child with the II (А) blood
group. The child is diagnosed with hemolytic disease of newborn caused by rhesus
incompatibility. What blood group and Rh are likely in the father?
A. II (А), Rh (+)
B. I (0), Rh (+)
C. III (B), Rh (+)
D. I (0), Rh (-)
E. II (A), Rh (-)

7) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A married couple came for a genetic counseling. The husband suffers from insulin-
independent diabetes mellitus, while the wife is healthy. What is the probability of their child
developing insulin-independent diabetes mellitus?
A. Higher than in the population
B. The same as in the population
C. Lower than in the population
D. 100%
E. 50%

8) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A 45-year-old woman gave birth to a boy with cleft maxilla (cleft lip and palate). On
additional examination there are significant disturbances of the boy’s nervous,
cardiovascular, and visual systems. Karyotype investigation allowed diagnosing the patient
with trisomy 13. What syndrome is present in the boy?
A.Patau
B.Down
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

C.Kleinfelter
D.Turner
E.DiGeorge

9) krok 2017
DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Clinical presentations of a woman allowed provisionally diagnosing her with X polysomy.
Cytogenetic method is applied to clarify the diagnosis. The diagnosis will be confirmed if the
patient’s karyotype is:
A. 47, ХХХ
B. 48, XXXY
C. 48, XXYY
D. 47, XXY
E. 46, XX

10) krok 2017

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
During dehelmintization there was a 3,5-meter-long tapeworm produced from the patient’s
intestine.There are 4 suckers and hooks on the tapeworm’s scolex. Mature segments of the
tapeworm are immobile and have up to 12 uterine branches. What disease is it?
A.Teniasis
B.Echinococcosis
C.Beef tapeworm infection
D.Diphyllobothriasis
E.Opisthorchiasis

11) krok 2017

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Cystinuria manifests itself in a human as cystine stones in the kidneys (homozygous
individuals) or increased cystine content in the urine (heterozygous individuals). Cystinuria
is a monogenic disorder. Determine the type of interaction between the genes of cystinuria
and normal urine cystine excretion:
A.Semidominance (Incomplete dominance)
B.Epistasis
C.Complete dominance
D.Complementarity
E.Codominance

12) krok 2017, 2016, 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

In one of Polessye regions there was an outbreak of helminthiasis manifested by cramps and
facial edemas. The developed preventive measures in particular included ban for eating
infested pork even after heat processing. What helminthiasis was the case?
A.Trichinosis
B.Taeniarhynchosis
C.Teniasis
D.Echinococcosis
E.Alveococcosis

13) krok 2017

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Ionizing radiation or vitamin E deficiency affect the cell by increasing lysosome membrane
permeability. What are the possible consequences of this pathology?
A. Partial or complete cell destruction
B. Intensive protein synthesis
C. Intensive energy production
D. Restoration of cytoplasmic membrane
E. Formation of maturation spindle

14) krok 2017

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
In the South and Central Ameri-ca there can be found a species of trypanosomes that is the
causative agent of Chagas disease. What animal is the infecti-on carrier specific to this
disease?
A. Triatomine bug
B. Cockroach
C. Tsetse fly
D. Mosquito
E. Gnat

15) krok 2017

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Deaf parents with genotypes DDee and ddEE gave birth to a child with normal hearing.
Specify the interaction of D and E genes:
A. Complementary interaction
B. Complete dominance
C. Epistasis
D. Polymery
E. Overdominance

16) krok 2017

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS

A young family came for a genetic counseling to identify the father of their child. The
husband insists that the child does not resemble him at all and cannot possibly be his.
Polymerase chain reaction method for person identification is based on the following:
A.Gene amplification
B.Nucleotide deletion
C.Genetic recombination
D.Missense mutation
E.Transduction

17) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
An infant has been diagnosed with mi-crocephaly. Doctors suspect that this brain disorder
developed due to the fact that the mother had been taking actinomycin D during her
pregnancy. What germinal layers have been affected by this teratogen?
A. Ectoderm
B. Entoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Entoderm and mesoderm
E. All germinal layers

18) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Parents of a sick 5-year-old girl vi-sited a genetic consultation. Karyotype investigation
revealed 46 chromosomes. One chromosome of the 15th pair was abnormally long, having a
part of the chromosome belonging to the 21st pair attached to it. What mutation occurred in
this girl?
A. Translocation
B. Deletion
C. Inversion
D. Deficiency
E. Duplication

19) krok 2016, 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A 26-year-old woman consulted a doctor about having stool with white flat moving
organisms resembling noodles. Laboratory analysis revealed proglottids with the following
characteristics: long, narrow, with a longitudinal channel of the uterus with 17-35 lateral
branches on each side. What kind of intestinal parasite was found?
A. Taeniarhynchus saginatus
B. Taenia solium
C. Hymenolepis nana
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

D. Diphyllobothrium latum
E. Echinococcus granulosus

20) krok 2016, 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Sex chromatin was detected during examination of a man’s buccal epitheli-um. It is
characteristic of the following chromosome disease:
A. Klinefelter’s syndrome
B. Down’s disease
C. Turner’s syndrome
D. Triple X syndrome
E. Hypophosphatemic rickets

21) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
Representatives of a certain human population can be characterized by elongated body,
height variability, decreased volume of muscle mass, increased length of limbs, decreased
size and volume of rib cage, increased perspiration, decreased indi-ces of base metabolism
and fat synthesis. What type of adaptive evolution is it?
A. Tropical
B. Arctic
C. Moderate
D. Intermediate
E. Mountain

22) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Cells of a healthy liver actively synthesi-ze glycogen and proteins. What organelles are the
most developed in them?
A. Granular and agranular endoplasmic reticulum
B. Cell center
C. Lysosomes
D. Mitochondria
E. Peroxisomes

23) krok 2016, 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
According to phenotypic diagnosis a female patient has been provisionally diagnosed with
X-chromosome polysomia. This diagnosis can be confirmed by cytogenetic method. What
karyotype will confirm the diagnosis?
A.47(ХХХ)
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

B.48(XXXY)
C.48(XXYY)
D.47(XXY)
E.46(XX)

24) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A family of healthy students, who have arrived from Africa, gave birth to a chi-ld with signs
of anemia. The child has died shortly after. Examination has revealed that the child’s
erythrocytes are abnormally crescent-shaped. The disease is characreri-zed by autosomal
recessive inheritance. Determine the genotype of the child’s parents:
A. Аа х Аа
B. Аа х аа
C. АА х АА
D. аа х аа
E. Аа х АА

25) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
At a certain stage of cell cycle chromosomes reach cellular poles, undergo despiralization;
nuclear membranes are being formed around them; nucleolus is restored. What stage of
mitosis is it?
A.Telophase
B.Prophase
C.Prometaphase
D.Metaphase
E.Anaphase

26) krok 2016, 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient working at a pig farm complai-ns of paroxysmal abdominal pain, liquid feces with
mucus and blood, headache, weakness, fever. Examination of large intestine revealed ulcers
from 1 mm up to several cm in diameter, feces contained oval unicellular organisms with
cilia. What di-sease can be suspected?
A.Balantidiasis
B.Amebiasis
C.Toxoplasmosis
D.Lambliasis
E.Trichomoniasis

27) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES

Cells of a person working in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone have undergone a mutation in
DNA molecule. However, with time the damaged interval of DNA molecule has been
restored to its initial structure with a specific enzyme. In this case the following occurred:
A.Repair
B.Replication
C.Transcription
D.Reverse transcription
E.Translation

28) krok 2016, 2015, 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A 2-year-old boy is diagnosed with Down syndrome. What chromosomal changes can cause
this disease?
A. Trisomy 21
B. Trisomy 13
C. Trisomy X
D. Trisomy 18
E. Monosomy X

29) krok 2016

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient consulted a physician about chest pain, cough, fever. Roentgenography of lungs
revealed eosinophilic infiltrates that were found to contain larvae. What ki-nd of
helminthiasis are these presentations typical of?
A. Ascariasis
B. Echinococcosis
C. Fascioliasis
D. Cysticercosis
E. Trichinosis

30) krok 2016, 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A person with the fourth blood group (genotype IAIB) has in erythrocytes both antigen A
controlled by allele IA and antigen B controlled by allele IB. This phenomenon is an
example of the following gene interation:
A.Codominance
B.Complementarity
C.Semidominance
D.Polymery
E.Epistasis

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31) krok 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A group of Ukrainian tourists returning from Samarqand was bringing with them gerbils.
During examination in customs offi-ce ulcers were detected on the skin of the animals. What
protozoa is the most likely to cause the disease in the animals, if mosqui-tos are the carriers?
A. Leishmania tropica major
B. Balantidium coli
C. Plasmodium falciparum
D. Trypanosoma cruzi
E. Toxoplasma gondii

32) krok 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient with probable liver abscess was delivered to a surgical department. The patient for
a long time had been on an assignment in an African country and had recurrent cases of
acute gastrointestinal di-sturbance. What protozoan disease can it be?
A. Amebiasis
B. Trypanosomiasis
C. Leishmaniasis
D. Malaria
E. Toxoplasmosis

33) krok 2015, 2012, 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
It is known that the gene responsible for development of blood groups according to AB0
system has three allele variants. Existence of the IV blood group can be explai-ned by the
following variability form:
A. Combinative
B. Mutational
C. Phenotypic
D. Genocopy
E. Phenocopy

34) krok 2015, 2012, 2011

DISCIPLINE
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Sex chromosomes of a woman didn’t separate and move to the opposite poles of a cell
during gametogenesis (meiosis). The ovum was impregnated with a normal spermatozoon.
Which chromosomal disease can be found in her child?
A. Turner’s syndrome
B. Down’s syndrome
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

C. Patau’s syndrome
D. Edwards’ syndrome
E. Cat cry syndrome

35) krok 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A doctor was addressed by a 30-year-old man. There is a probability of the patient being
HIV-positive. To clarify the diagnosis the doctor proposed to perform polymerase chain
reaction. The basic process in this kind of investigation is:
A.Gene amplification
B.Transcription
C.Genetic recombination
D.Genomic mutation
E.Chromosome mutation

36) krok 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
During cell division DNA replication occurs after a signal is received from the cytoplasm,
then a certain portion of the DNA helix unwinds and splits into two indi-vidual strains. What
enzyme facilitates this process?
A.Helicase
B.RNA polymerase
C.Ligase
D.Restrictase
E.DNA polymerase

37) krok 2015, 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
As an example of specific human parasites one can name Plasmodium falciparum, human
pinworm and some others. The source of parasite invasion in these cases is always a human.
Such specific human parasites cause the diseases that are called:
A.Anthroponoses
B.Zoonoses
C.Anthropozoonoses
D.Infections
E.Multifactorial diseases

38) krok 2015, 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
The organisms to be identified have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Genetic
material is concentrated predominantly in the chromosomes that consist of DNA strands and
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

protein molecules. These cells divide mitotically. Identify these organisms:

A. Eukaryotes
B. Bacteriophages
C. Prokaryotes
D. Viruses
E. Bacteria

39) krok 2015

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
An 18-year-old woman has body disproportion, wing-like folds on the skin of her neck,
underdeveloped ovaries, nuclei of her buccal epithelium cells have no Barr bodies.
Dermatoglyphics method revealed that her adt angle is 66 o. What provisional diagnosis can
be made in this case?
A. Turner’s syndrome
B. Cri du chat (cat cry) syndrome
C. Kleinfelter’s syndrome
D. Patau’s syndrome
E. Edwards’ syndrome

40) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A boy referred to a genetics clinic was found to have 1 drumstick in blood neutrophils. The
boy is likely to have the following syndrome:
A. Klinefelter’s
B. Down’s
C. Turner’s
D. Edwards’
E. Trisomy X

41) krok 2014, 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Amniocentesis revealed two sex chromatin bodies (Barr bodies) in each cell of the sample.
What disease is this character typical for?
A. Trisomy X
B. Klinefelter syndrome
C. Turner’s syndrome
D. Down’s syndrome
E. Patau syndrome

42) krok 2014, 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS

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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

An 18-year-old male has been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. Examination revealed
a developmental disorder of connective tissue and eye lens structure,abnormalities of the
cardiovascular system, arachnodactylia. What genetic phenomenon has caused the
development of this disease?
A. Pleiotropy
B. Complementarity
C.Codominance
D. Multiple allelism
E. Incomplete dominance

43) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A female patient saught medical-genetic consultation. Physical examination revealed
pterygium colli deformity (webbed neck), broad chest, underdeveloped breasts. Study of
buccal epithelium cells revealed no X-chromatin in the nuclei. This indicates that the patient
has the following syndrome:
A. Turner’s
B. Klinefelter’s
C.Patau’s
D. Down’s
E. Edwards’

44) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
An 8-week-pregnant woman with acute respiratory disease and temperature rise up to 39,
0oC has called in a doctor. The doctor insisted on her avoiding taking paracetamol, because
in this period of pregnancy there is a risk of its:
A. Teratogenicity
B. Embryotoxicity
C.Fetotoxicity
D. Hepatotoxicity
E. Allergenicity

45) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A female suffered rubella during pregnancy. The child was born with developmental
abnormalities, namely cleft lip and palate. The child’s genotype is normal. These
malformations are a manifestation of:
A. Modification variability
B. Polyploidy
C. Combinative variability
D. Chromosomal mutation
E. Aneuploidy
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

46) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Nucleolar organizers of the 13-15, 21, 22 human chromosomes contain about 200 cluster
genes that synthesize RNA. These regions of chromosomes bear the information on the
following type of RNA:
A. rRNA
B. tRNA
C.mRNA
D. snRNA
E. tRNA + rRNA

47) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
An underage patient has signs of achondroplasia (dwarfism). It is known that this is a
monogenic disease and the gene that is responsible for the development of such
abnormalities is a dominant one. The development of that child’s brother is normal. Specify
the genotype of the healthy child:
A. aa
B. AA
C.Aa
D. AaBb
E. AABB

48) krok 2014, 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
Examination of the duodenal contents revealed some pear-shaped protozoa with two nuclei
and four pairs of flagella. The organisms had also two axostyles between the nuclei and a
ventral adhesive disc. What protozoan representative was found in the patient?
A. Lamblia
B. Toxoplasma
C. Leishmania
D. Intestinal trichomonad
E. Trypanosome

49) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A child with a normal karyotype is diagnosed with cleft lip and hard palate, defects of the
cardiovascular system, microcephaly. The child’s mother suffered rubella during pregnancy.
This pathology in the child may be an example of:
A. Phenocopy
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

B. Trisomy
C. Genocopy
D. Monosomy
E. –

50) krok 2014

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
A 30-year-old patient has undergone keratoplasty in the transplantation center, cornea has
been taken fron a donor, who died in a road accident. What kind of transplantation was
performed?
A. Allotransplantation
B. Autotransplantation
C. Xenotransplantation
D. Explantation
E. Heterotransplantation

51) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Examination of an 18-year-old girl revealed the following features: hypoplasia of the
ovaries, broad shoulders, narrow pelvis, shortening of the lower extremities, "sphinx neck".
Mental development is normal. The girl was diagnosed with Turner’s syndrome. What kind
of chromosome abnormality is it?
A. Monosomy X
B. Trisomy X
C. Trisomy 13
D. Trisomy 18
E. Nullisomy X

52) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Hypertrichosis is the Y-linked character. The father has hypertrichosis, and the mother is
healthy. In this family, the probability of having a child with hypertrichosis is:
A. 0,5
B. 0,25
C.0,125
D.0,625
E. 1

53) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A 35-year-old male patient has been referred by an andrologist for the genetic counselling
for the deviations of physical and mental development. Objectively: the patient is tall, has
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

asthenic constitution, gynecomastia, mental retardation. Microscopy of the oral mucosa cells
revealed sex chromatin (single Barr body) in 30% of cells. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. Klinefelter syndrome
B. DiGeorge syndrome
C. Down syndrome
D. Recklinghausen’s disease
E. Cushing pituitary basophilism

54) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Healthy parents with unremarkable family history have the child with multiple
developmental defects. Cytogenetic analysis revealed the trisomy 13 in the somatic cells
(Patau syndrome). What phenomenon has caused the defects?
A. Abnormal gametogenesis
B. Somatic mutation
C. Recessive mutation
D. Dominant mutation
E. Chromosomal mutation

55) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A 25-year-old patient consulted a doctor about dysmenorrhea and infertility. Examination
revealed that the patient was 145 cm high and had underdeveloped secondary sex
characteristics, alar folds on the neck. Cytological study didn’t reveal any Barr bodies in the
somatic cells. What diagnosis was made?
A. Turner’s syndrome
B. Klinefelter syndrome
C. Morris syndrome
D. Trisomy X syndrome
E-

56) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
Mother of a boy who had recently returned from a summer camp found some small whitish
insects up to 3 mm long on the child’s clothing. Specify the parasite:
A. Pediculus humanus humanus
B. Phtirus pubis
C. Pulex irritans
D. Cimex lectularius
E. Blattella germanica

15
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

57) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A mother had taken synthetic hormones during pregnancy. Her daughter was born with
hirsutism formally resembling of adrenal syndrome. Such manifestation of variability is
called:
A. Phenocopy
B. Mutation
C.Recombination
D.Heterosis
E. Replication

58) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A miner consulted a physician about the appearance of body rash followed by a loss of
appetite, bloating, duodenal pain, frequent bowel movements, dizziness. Ovoscopic probes
of feces and duodenal contents revealed some eggs covered with a transparent membrane
through which 4-8 germinal cells could be seen. What disease is likely to have occurred in
the patient?
A. Ancylostomiasis
B.Strongyloidiasis
C.Trichocephaliasis
D.Hymenolepiasis
E. Enterobiasis

59) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Students study the stages of gametogenesis. They analyze a cell having a haploid number of
chromosomes, and each chromosome consists of two chromatids. The chromosomes are
located in the equatorial plane of the cell. Such situation is typical for the following stage of
meiosis:
A. Metaphase of the second division
B. Metaphase of the first division
C. Anaphase of the first division
D. Anaphase of the second division
E. Prophase of the first division

60) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
A specimen of an onion rootlet includes a cell in which the fully condensed chromosomes
are located in the equatorial plane making the monaster. What phase of the mitotic cycle is
the cell in?
16
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

A. Metaphase
B. Early telophase
C.Prophase
D.Interphase
E. Late telophase

61) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
At the stage of translation in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the ribosome moves along the
mRNA. Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds in a specific sequence, and thus
polypeptide synthesis takes place. The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide corresponds
to the sequence of:
A. mRNA codons
B. tRNA nucleotides
C. tRNA anticodons
D. rRNA nucleotides
E. rRNA anticodons

62) krok 2013

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Analysis of the family history of children with Van der Woude syndrome revealed that in
their families one of the parents had the typical for this syndrome defects (cleft lip and
palate, lip pits regardless of gender). What is the type of inheritance of this syndrome?
A. Autosomal dominant
B. X-linked recessive
C.X-linked dominant
D.Autosomal recessive
E. Multifactorial

63) krok 2012, 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A man suffering from a hereditary disease married a healthy woman. They got 5 children,
three girls and two boys. All the girls inherited their father’s disease. What is the type of the
disease inheritance?
A. Dominant, X -linked
B.Autosomal recessive
C.Asutosomal dominant
D.Y -linked
E. Recessive, X -linked

64) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
17
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

A couple has a son with haemophilia. The parents are healthy but the maternal grandfather
also has haemophilia. Specify the type of inheritance:
A. Recessive sex-linked
B. Recessive autosomal
C. Dominant sex-linked
D.Semidominance
E.Autosomal dominant

65) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Examination of newborns in one of the Ukrainian cities revealed a baby with
phenylketonuria. The baby’s parents don’t suffer from this disease and have two other
healthy children. Specify the most likely parents’ genotype with phenylketonuria gene:
A. Аа х Аа
B. АА х аа
C. аа х аа
D. Аа х аа
E. Аа х АА

66) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
Patients with similar complaints applied to the doctor: weakness, pain in the intestines,
disorder of GIT. Examination of the faeces revealed that one patient with four nucleus cysts
should be hospitalized immidiately. For what protozoa are such cysts typical?
A. Dysenteric amoeba
B. Intestinal amoeba
C.Balantidium
D.Trichomonas
E. Lamblia

67) krok 2012, 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A female patient consulted a physician about digestive disorder, extended abdominal pain.
Examination revealed drastic decrease in hemoglobin concentration. It is known from the
anamnesis that while living in the Far East the patient used to eat freshlysalted caviar. Some
relatives living with her had the similar condition. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Diphyllobothriasis
B.Echinococcosis
C.Teniasis
D.Trichiniasis
E. Ascaridiasis
18
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

68) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
46 chromosomes were revealed on karyotype examination of the 5 year old girl. One of
the 15th pair of chromosomes is longer than usual due to connected chromosome from the 21
pair. What type of mutation does this girl have?
A. Translocation
B.Deletion
C.Inversion
D.Insufficiency
E. Duplication

69) krok 2012, 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
During a prophylactic medical examination a 7-year-old boy was diagnosed with daltonism.
His parents are healthy and have normal colour vision, but his grandfather on his mother’s
side has the same abnormality. What is the type of the abnormality inheritance?
A. Recessive, sex-linked
B.Dominant, sex-linked
C.Semidominance
D.Autosomal recessive
E. Autosomal dominant

70) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient complains of skin itch, especially between fingers, in the inguinal creases, on the
lower abdomen. Examination of these regions revealed there some small vesicles.
Laboratory diagnostics allowed to establish that this condition had been caused by a
representative of Arthropoda. Specify the disease caused by this arthropod:
A. Scabies
B. Demodicosis
C.Myiasis
D.Pediculosis
E. Dermatotropic leishmaniasis

71) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Life cycle of a cell includes a process of DNA autoreduplication. As a result of this process
monochromatid chromosomes become bichromatid. This phenomenon is observed within the
following period of the cell cycle:
A.S
19
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

B. G0
C.G1
D.G2
E. M

72) krok 2012, 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A cell at the stage of mitosis anaphase was stimulated by colchicine that inhibits
chromosome separation to the poles. What type of mutation will be caused?
A. Polyploidy
B. Inversion
C.Deletion
D.Duplication
E. Translocation

73) krok 2012

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A shepherd who has tended sheep together with dogs consulted a doctor about pain in his
right subcostal area, nausea, vomiting. Roentgenoscopy revealed a tumour-like formation.
What kind of helminthiasis might be suspected?
A. Echinococcosis
B.Ascaridiasis
C.Enterobiasis
D.Taeniarhynchosis
E. Taeniasis

74) krok 2011

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Medical examination at the military registration and enlistment office revealed that a 15-
year-old boy was high, with eunuchoid body proportions, gynecomastia, female pattern of
pubic hair distribution. The boy had also fat deposits on the thighs, no facial hair, high voice,
subnormal intelligence quotient. Which karyotype corresponds with this disease?
A. 47, XXY
B. 45, XO
C. 46, XX
D. 46, XY
E. 47, XXX

75) krok 2011, 2008

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
It was revealed that T-lymphocytes were affected by HIV. Virus enzyme - reverse
20
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase) - catalyzes the synthesis of:

A. DN A on the matrix of virus mRNA
B. Virus informational RN A on the matrix of DNA
C. DN A on virus ribosomal RNA
D. Viral DN A on DNA matrix
E. mRN A on the matrix of virus protein

76) krok 2011

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
One of the parents is suspected of having phenylketonuria recessive gene. What is the risk of
giving birth to a child with inborn phenylketonuria?
A. 0%
B.25%
C.50%
D.75%
E. 100%

77) krok 2011, 2008

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
While studying maximally spiralized chromosomes of human karyotype the process of cell
division was stopped in the following phase:
A. Metaphase
B.Prophase
C.Interphase
D.Anaphase
E. Telophase

78) krok 2011, 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient consulted an urologist about pain during urination. Analysis of his urine taken in
the daytime revealed eggs with a characteristic sharp point. It is known from the anamnesis
that the patient has recently returned from Australia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Urogenital schistosomiasis
B. Intestinal schistosomiasis
C. Japanese schistosomiasis
D.Opisthorchiasis
E.Dicroceliasis

79) krok 2011, 2008

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
It was found out that some compounds, for instance fungi toxins and some antibiotics can
21
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

inhibit activity of RN A-polymerase. What process will be disturbed in a cell in case of

inhibition of this enzyme?
A. Transcription
B.Processing
C.Replication
D.Translation
E. Reparation

80) krok 2011, 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Life cycle of a cell includes the process of DNA autoreduplication. As a result of it
monochromatid chromosomes turn into bichromatid ones. What period of cell cycle does this
phenomenon fall into?
A. S
B.Go
C.G1
D.G2
E. M

81) krok 2011

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Examination of a 12-year-old boy with developmental lag revealed achondroplasia:
disproportional consti-tution with evident shortening of upper and lower limbs as a result of
growth disorder of epiphyseal cartilages of long tubal bones. This disease is:
A. Inherited, dominant
B. Inherited, recessive
C. Inherited, sex-linked
D.Congenital
E.Acquired

82) krok 2011

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A 28-year-old female patient consulted a gynecologist about sterility. Examination revealed
underdeveloped ovaries and uterus, irregular menstrual cycle. Analysis of the sex chromatin
revealed 2 Barr’s bodies in most somatic cells. What chromosome disease is most likely?
A. Triple X syndrome
B. Edwards’ syndrome
C. Patau’s syndrome
D. Klinefelter’s syndrome
E. Turner’s syndrome

83) krok 2011

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
22
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE

LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A male patient has fever and enanthesis. As a result of the examination involving serological
tests he has been diagnosed with fasciola hepatica. It was found out that the patient had been
infected through raw river water. Which stage of fasciola life cycle is invasive for humans?
A. Adolescaria
B. Metacercaria
C.Ovum
D.Miracidium
E. Cysticercus

84) krok 2011

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient presents with acne and inflammatory alterations of facial skin. Microscopial
investigation of lesion foci has revealed live arthropods sized 0,2-0,5 mm. They have prolate
vermiform form and four pairs of thin short limbs located in the middle part of the body. The
revealed arthropods cause:
A. Demodicosis
B.Scabies
C.Pediculosis
D.Phthiriasis
E. Dermamyiasis

85) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A married couple consulted a specialist at the genetic consultation about probability of
having children with hemophilia. Both spouses are healthy, but the wife’s father has
hemophilia. In this family hemophilia may be passed to:
A. Half of sons
B. Both sons and daughters
C. Daughters only
D. Half of daughters
E. All the children

86) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
In the perianal folds of a 5-year-old girl her mother has found some white "worms"that
caused itch and anxiety in the child. The "worms"were sent to the laboratory. During
examination the physician saw white FIliform helminths 0,5-1 cm long, with pointed ends,
some helminths had twisted ends. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Enterobiasis
23
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

B.Diphyllobothriasis
C.Teniasis
D.Ascaridiasis
E. Opisthorchiasis

87) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A woman delivered a dead child with multiple developmental defects. What protozoan
disease might have caused the intrauterine death?
A. Toxoplasmosis
B.Leishmaniasis
C.Malaria
D.Amebiasis
E. Lambliasis

88) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
You are studying functioning of a bacteria operon. The operator gene
has been released from the repressor gene. Immediately after this the following process will
start in the cell:
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C.Replication
D.Processing
E. Repression

89) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
While on holiday in the countryside a boy found a spider with the following morphological
peculiarities: body length of 2 cm, round black abdomen with two rows of red dots on its
dorsal surface, four pairs of segmented extremities covered with tiny black hairs. Identify
this arthropod:
A. Karakurt spider
B.Scorpion
C.Solifugae
D.Mite
E. Tarantula

90) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
24
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION

A man has worked in an African country for 3 years. A month after his return to Ukraine he
consulted an ophthalmologist and complained about eye ache, eyelid edema, lacrimation and
temporary visual impairment. Underneath the eye conjunctiva the doctor revealed helminths
30-50 mm long with elongated filiform body. What diagnosis might be suspected?
A. Filariasis
B.Diphyllobothriasis
C.Ascaridiasis
D.Enterobiasis
E. Trichocephaliasis

91) krok 2009

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A 28-year-old female patient consulted a gynecologist about sterility. Examination revealed
underdeveloped ovaries and uterus, irregular menstrual cycle. Analysis of the sex chromatin
revealed 2 Barr’s bodies in most somatic cells. What chromosome disease is most likely?
A. Triple X syndrome
B. Edwards’ syndrome
C. Patau’s syndrome
D. Klinefelter’s syndrome
E. Turner’s syndrome

92) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
It was proved that a molecule of immature mRNA (precursor mRNA) contained more
triplets than amino acids found in the synthesized protein. The reason for that is that
translation is normally preceded by:
A. Processing
B. Initiation
C.Reparation
D.Mutation
E. Replication

93) krok 2008, 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Labelled amino acids alanine and tryptophane were injected to a mouse in order to study
localization of protein synthesis in its cells. The labelled amino acids will be accumulated
near the following organellas:
A. Ribosomes
B.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C.Cell centre
D.Lysosomes
E. Golgi apparatus
25
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

94) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Continuous taking of some drugs foregoing the pregnancy increase the risk of giving birth to
a child with genetic defects. What is this effect called?
A. Mutagenic effect
B. Embryotoxic effect
C. Teratogenic effect
D. Fetotoxical effect
E. Blastomogenic effect

95) krok 2008, 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient has acne on his face. Microspcopic examination of scrapings from the affected
areas revealed living vermiform arthropoda 0,2-0,5 mm large with four pairs of short
extremities in the front part of their bodies. What is the laboratory diagnosis?
A. Demodicosis
B. Scabies
C.Myiasis
D.Pediculosis
E. Phthiriasis

96) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Golgi complex exports substances from a cell due to the fusion of the membrane saccule
with the cell membrane. The saccule contents flows out. What process is it?
A. Exocytosis
B.Endocytosis
C.Active transport
D.Facilitated diffusion
E. All answers are false

97) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A gynaecologist was examining a patient and revealed symptoms of genital tract
inflammation. A smear from vagina contains pyriform protozoa with a spine, flagella at their
front; there is also an undulating membrane. What disease can be suspected?
A. Urogenital trichomoniasis
B. Lambliasis
C.Intestinal trichomoniasis
26
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

D.Toxoplasmosis
E. Balantidiasis

98) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A boy has I (I0I 0) blood group and his sister has IV (IAIB) blood group. What blood groups do
their parents have?
A. II (IA I 0) and III (IBI 0)
B. II (IAIA) and III (IBI 0)
C.I (I 0I 0) and IV (I AI B )
D.III (IB I 0) and IV (I AI B)
E. I (I 0I 0) and III (IBI 0)

99) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
For the purpose of myocardium infarction treatment a patient was injected with embryonal
stem cells derived from this patient by means of therapeutic cloning. What transplantation
type is it?
A. Autotransplantation
B. Allotransplantation
C.Xenotransplantation
D.Isotransplantation
E. Heterotransplantation

100) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Hartnup disease is caused by point mutation of only one gene which results in disturbance of
tryptophane absorption in the bowels and its resorption in the renal tubules. It is the reason
for disorder of both digestive and urination systems. What genetic phenomenon is observed
in this case?
A. Pleiotropy
B. Complementary interaction
C.Polymery
D.Codominance
E. Semidominance (Incomplete dominance)

101) krok 2008

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
As a result of prophylactic medical examination a 7 year old boy was diagnosed with Lesch-
Nyhan syndrome (only boys fall ill with it). The boy’s parents are healthy but his grandfather
by his mother’s side suffers from the same disease. What type of disease inheritance is it?
A. Recessive, sex-linked
27
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

B.Dominant, sex-linked
C.Autosomal recessive
D.Autosomal dominant
E. Semidominance (Incomplete dominance)

102) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
According to the data of WHO, for about 250 mln of Earth population fall ill with malaria.
This disease is mostly spread in tropical and subtropical regions. Range of its spread falls
into the areal of the following mosquitoes:
A. Anopheles
B.Culex
C.Aedes
D.Mansonia
E. Culiseta

103) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
In some regions of South Africa there is a spread sickle-shaped cell anemia, in which
erythrocytes have shape of a sickle as a result of substitution of glutamin by valine in the
hemoglobin molecule. What is the cause of this disease?
A. Gene mutation
B. Disturbance of mechanisms of genetic information realization
C.Crossingover
D.Genomic mutations
E. Transduction

104) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
RNA that contains AIDS virus penetrated into a leukocyte and by means of reverse
transcriptase forced a cell to synthetize a viral DNA. This process is based upon:
A. Reverse transcription
B. Operon repression
C. Reverse translation
D. Operon depression
E. Convariant replication

105) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
Autopsy of a newborn boy revealed polydactylia, microcephalia, cheiloschisis and
uranoschisis as well as hypertrophy of parenchimatous organs. These defects correspond
28
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

with the description of Patau’s syndrome. What is the most probable cause of this pathology?
A. Trisomy of the 13th chromosome
B. Trisomy of the 18th chromosome
C. Trisomy of the 21st chromosome
D. Nondisjunction of sex chromosomes
E. Partial monosomy

106) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient has symptoms of inflammation of urogenital tracts. Examination of a vaginal
smear revealed big monocellular, pearshaped organisms with the pointed spike at the
posterior end of body, big nucleus and undulating membrane. What protozoa were found in
the smear?
A. T richomonas vaginalis
B. T richomonas hominis
C. T richomonas buccalis
D.T rypanosoma gambiense
E.Lamblia intestinalis

107) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A patient complains of pain in the area of his liver. Duodenal intubation revealed yellowish,
oval, narrowed at the poles eggs with an operculum at the end. Size of these eggs is the
smallest among all helminth eggs. What is the most probable diagnosis?
A. Opisthorchosis
B. Teniasis
C.Beef tapeworm infection
D.Echinococcosis
E. Diphyllobothriasis

108) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A child complains of general weakness, loss of appetite, a troubled sleep, itching in the
perianal area. The provisional diagnosis is enterobiasis. In order to specify this diagnosis it is
necessary to perform:
A. Scraping from perianal folds
B.Roentgenoscopy
C.Biopsy of muscle tissue
D.Immune diagnostics
E. Duodenal contents analysis
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 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

109) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
In course of practical training students studied a stained blood smear of a mouse with
bacteria phagocyted by leukocytes. What cell organella completes digestion of these
bacteria?
A. Lysosomes
B. Mytochondria
C.Granular endoplasmic reticulum
D.Golgi apparatus
E. Ribosomes

110) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE : MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
Two days after consumption of smoked pork a patient got face and eyelid edemata,
gastrointestinal disturbances, abrupt temperature rise, muscle pain.
Blood analysis showed full-blown eosinophilia. What helminth could the patient be infected
with?
A. Trichina
B. Pinworm
C.Ascarid
D.Whipworm
E. Hookworm

111) krok 2007

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
A lymph node punctate of a patient with suspected protozoal disease was examined.
Examination of the stained specimen (Romanovsky’s stain) revealed some crescent bodies
with pointed end, blue cytoplasm and red nucleus. What protozoan were revealed in the
smears?
A. Toxoplasms
B.Malarial plasmodiums
C.Dermotropic leishmania
D.Viscerotropic leishmania
E. Trypanosomes

112) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
According to the model of double DNA helix that was suggested by Watson and Creek, it
was established that one of chains would not be lost during replication and the second chain
30
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

would be synthesized complementary to the first one. What way of replication is it?
A. Semiconservative
B.Analogous
C.Identical
D.Dispersed
E. Conservative

113) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 3. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOGEOCEONOTIC AND BIOSPHERE
LEVELS OF LIVING MATTER ORGANIZATION
During regular examination of schoolchildren it was revealed that a 10 year old girl had
asymmetric oval eggs with a larva in the scrape from her perianal folds. What diagnosis
should be made?
A. Enterobiasis
B.Ascariasis
C.Amebiasis
D.Trichocephalosis
E. Ankylostomiasis

114) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 2. INHERITANCE AND VARIATION IN HUMANS
A family of students who came from Africa got a child with anemia signs. The child died
soon. Examination revealed that the child’s erythrocytes have abnormal semilunar shape.
Specify genotypes of the child’s parents:
A. Аа х Аа
B. Аа х аа
C. АА х АА
D. аа х аа
E. Аа х АА

115) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Normal, actively dividing cells of human red bone marrow are analyzed. What number of
cells’ chromosomes is typical for G1 period?
A. 46
B. 48
C.47
D.45
E. 23

116) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
31
 Крок 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017-2007

A couple had a child with Down’s disease. Mother is 42 years old. This disease is most
probably caused by the following impairment of prenatal development:
A. Gametopathy
B.Blastopathy
C.Embryopathy
D.Non-specific fetopathy
E. Specific fetopathy

117) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
A patient in a transplantation centre underwent heart transplantation. The organ was taken
from a donor who died in a road accident. Foreign heart can be rejected as a result of
development of transplantation immunity. It is usually prevented by means of:
A. Immunosuppressors
B. Chemotherapy
C.Ultrasound
D.Enzymes
E. X-ray therapy

118) krok 2010

DISCIPLINE: MEDICAL BIOLOGY
TOPIC: SECTION 1. BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
An alcoholic woman has born a girl with mental and physical developmental lag. Doctors
diagnosed the girl with fetal alcohol syndrome. What effect is the cause of the girl’s state?
A. Teratogenic
B. Mutagenic
C.Malignization
D.Carcinogenic
E. Mechanic

32