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Embedded Systems Interview Questions _ Updated 2019 TIB Academy

The document provides a comprehensive list of important interview questions and answers related to embedded systems, covering topics such as the definition of embedded systems, essential components, real-time systems, and various technical concepts like microcontrollers and timers. It also addresses common errors, the use of semaphores, and communication buses in embedded systems. This resource is aimed at helping candidates prepare for embedded systems interviews.

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11 views

Embedded Systems Interview Questions _ Updated 2019 TIB Academy

The document provides a comprehensive list of important interview questions and answers related to embedded systems, covering topics such as the definition of embedded systems, essential components, real-time systems, and various technical concepts like microcontrollers and timers. It also addresses common errors, the use of semaphores, and communication buses in embedded systems. This resource is aimed at helping candidates prepare for embedded systems interviews.

Uploaded by

Technical Novice
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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10/02/2020 Embedded Systems Interview Questions | Updated 2019 TIB Academy

Important Embedded Systems Interview Questions and


Answers
traininginbangalore.com/embedded-interview-questions-and-answers

31 January 2019

1. What is embedded system in a computer?


An embedded system is a computer that is part of an immense system or machine. A system with
a dedicated function within a massive electrical or mechanical system.

2. Mention what are the essential components of embedded system?


Hardware
Processor
Memory
Timers
I/O circuits
System application specific circuits
Software
It ensures the availability of System Memory
It checks the Processor Speed availability
The need to limit power lost when running the system continuously
Real Time Operating System

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10/02/2020 Embedded Systems Interview Questions | Updated 2019 TIB Academy

It runs a process as per scheduling and do the switching from one process to another

3. Why embedded system is useful?


With embedded system, it is possible to replace dozens or even more of hardware logic gates,
input buffers, timing circuits, output drivers, etc. with a relatively cheap microprocessor.

4. What are real-time embedded systems?


Real-time embedded systems are computer systems that monitor, respond or control an external
environment. This environment is connected to the computer system through actuators, sensors,
and other input-output interfaces.

5. What is microcontroller?
The microcontroller is a self-contained system with peripherals, memory and a processor that can
be used as embedded system.

6. What does DMA address will deal with?


DMA address deals with physical addresses. It is a device which directly drives the data and
address bus during data transfer. So, it is purely physical address.

7. What is interrupt latency? How can you reduce it?


Interrupt latency is a time taken to return from the interrupt service routine post handling a specific
interrupt. By writing minor ISR routines, interrupt latency can be reduced.

8. List out various uses of timers in embedded system?


Timers in embedded system are used in multiple ways
Real Time Clock (RTC) for the system
Initiating an event after a preset time delay
Initiating an even after a comparison of preset times
Capturing the count value in timer on an event
Between two events finding the time interval
Time slicing for various tasks
Time division multiplexing

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10/02/2020 Embedded Systems Interview Questions | Updated 2019 TIB Academy

Scheduling of various tasks in RTOS

9. What is a Watchdog Timer?


A watchdog timer is an electronic device or electronic card that execute specific operation after
certain time period if something goes wrong with an electronic system.

10. What is the need for an infinite loop in embedded systems?


Embedded systems require infinite loops for repeatedly processing or monitoring the state of the
program. For instance, the case of a program state continuously being verified for any exceptional
errors that might just happen during run-time such as memory outage or divide by zero, etc.

11. List out some of the commonly found errors in Embedded Systems?
Some of the commonly found errors in embedded systems are
Damage of memory devices static discharges and transient current.
Address line malfunctioning due to a short in circuit.
Data lines malfunctioning.
Due to garbage or errors some memory locations being inaccessible in storage.
Inappropriate insertion of memory devices into the memory slots.
Wrong control signals.

12. What is semaphore?


A semaphore is an abstract datatype or variable that is used for controlling access, by multiple
processes to a common resource in a concurrent system such as multiprogramming operating
system.
Semaphores are commonly used for two purposes
To share a common memory space

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To share access to files

13. When one must use recursion function? Mention what happens
when recursion functions are declared inline?
Recursion function can be used when you are aware of the number of recursive calls is not
excessive. Inline functions property says whenever it will call, it will copy the complete definition of
that function. Recursive function declared as inline creates the burden on the compilers
execution.

14. Explain whether we can use semaphore or mutex or spinlock in


interrupt context in Linux Kernel?
Semaphore or Mutex cannot be used for interrupt context in Linux Kernel. While spinlocks can be
used for locking in interrupt context.

15. Mention what are buses used for communication in embedded


system?
For embedded system, the buses used for communication includes
I2C: It is used for communication between multiple ICs
CAN: It is used in automobiles with centrally controlled network
USB: It is used for communication between CPU and devices like mouse, etc.

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