Electric

Generator
The way to the future
Presentation by Aamir,Suyash,Nittyantt,Hashim
 Intro - What is Electricity?
Electricity is a collection of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter with an electric charge. Both
electricity and magnetism are related to the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Lightning, static
electricity, electric heating, electric discharges, and other common phenomena are all related to electricity.

An electric field is created by the presence of an electric charge, which can be positive or negative. The movement of electric charges
results in an electric current and a magnetic field.

A force acts on a charge when it is placed in an area with a non-zero electric field.
Coulomb's law determines the magnitude of this force. The electric field changes when the charge moves which also gives rise to a
magnetic field.

The movement of electric charge is known as an electric current, the intensity of which is usually measured in amperes.
Current can consist of any moving charged particles; most commonly these are electrons, but any charge in motion constitutes a
current.

This video is the physical representation of an

Electric field vector and Current:
What is
magnetism?
Electromagnetism is a branch of physics that studies the electromagnetic force, which is a type of physical
interaction between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force is carried by electromagnetic fields that
are made up of electric and magnetic fields, and it is responsible for electromagnetic radiation like light. It is one of
nature's four fundamental interactions (also known as forces).

Electromagnetism is widely used in modern technology, and electromagnetic theory serves as the foundation for
electric power engineering, electronics, and digital technology.

Characteristics of Electricity and Magnetism:

1. Electric charges attract or repel each other with a force that is inversely proportional to the square of their
distance: Unlike charges attract, while like charges repel.
2. Magnetic poles (or states of polarisation at individual points) attract and repel each other in the same way that
positive and negative charges do, and they always exist in pairs: every north pole is tightly bound to a south
pole.
3. An electric current flowing through a wire generates a circumferential magnetic field around the wire. Its
direction (clockwise or counter-clockwise) is determined by the current flowing through the wire.
4. A current is induced in a loop of wire when it is moved toward or away from a magnetic field, or a magnet is
moved towards or away from it; the direction of current depends on that of the movement.

All of the points stated above are also the basic principles involved in the making and working of electric
generators.
 Steps to make
an electromagnet
Switch Coil
To allow the Wire wound
electromagnet to be around the object
1 switched on or off 3 or iron core

Generator 2 Object 4
From which Or iron core
electrical energy which may have
is obtained magnetic properties
 Table of contents

01 02 03
Principle of Working and
Construction
generator Uses
On what principles How does a electric
How is an Electric
does the electric generator work and
Generator made?
generator work on? what are the uses ?
 Table of contents - 2

04 05 06
Improvement
Types Conclusion
on the design
What are our
What are the types thoughts on Summing up of all
of generators? improving the points
generator?
 What is a Generator?
In electricity generation, a generator is a device that
converts motive power (mechanical energy) or
fuel-based power (chemical energy) into electric
power for use in an external circuit. Sources of
mechanical energy include steam turbines, gas
turbines, water turbines, internal combustion engines,
wind turbines and even hand cranks. The first
electromagnetic generator, the Faraday disk, was
invented in 1831 by British scientist Michael
Faraday. Generators provide nearly all of the power
for electric power grids.This is one main source to
attain electricity from different fuels,powers.
 01
The Principle of Generators
How does an Electric Generator
Work?
 Principle of electric generator
The electromagnetic induction theory underlies the operation
of electric generators. A horseshoe magnet’s poles are rapidly
rotated by a copper coil tightly wound around a metal core.
The application of fleming’s right hand rule takes place in
generators.The conductor coil and its core are referred to as
an armature. The armature is rotated by connecting it to the
shaft of a mechanical energy source (natural or artificial), such
as a motor. The magnetic field between the magnet's two
poles is cut when the coil turns. Electric current will flow as a
result of the electromagnetic field interfering with electrons
inside the conductor.
As a result, an electric generator generates electricity.
 02
Construction of a generator
What are the key materials to make a
Generator,A guide to make a DIY Generator
 Construction of a Generator
How can someone construct a generator? A
generator consists of a rectangular coil MNST( of
insulated copper wire placed between two strong
magnetic poles.It is also made up of magnets which
create a powerful magnetic field, and a rotating
magnet (rotor) which distorts and cuts through the
magnetic lines of flux of the stator.If one has these
important tools ,He /she can create a generator,This
generator will use kinetic energy to convert to
electric energy.There are many videos which suggest
us to make a generator.
Here is a website to make your own Generator:
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Simple-Electric-G
enerator
 03
Uses and working of Electrical
Generators
How do they work and what are the
uses?
 How do electric generators
work??
Generators don’t actually create electricity. Instead, they convert mechanical or chemical energy
into electrical energy. They do this by capturing the power of motion and turning it into electrical
energy by forcing electrons from the external source through an electrical circuit. A generator is
essentially an electrical motor working in reverse. Some electrical generators are huge and
provide enormous amounts of energy by transferring the power created by water turning turbines
into electricity. Residential and commercial generators, however, are much smaller and rely on
more traditional fuel sources like diesel, gas, and propane to create mechanical power that can
then be forced into a circuit and induce an electrical current.
Modern generators can be attributed to Michael Faraday’s principle of electromagnetic induction.
Faraday discovered that when a conductor moves in a magnetic field, electrical charges could be
created and directed to create a flow of current. At its most basic, an electrical generator is
nothing more than an electromagnet – moving wire near a magnet to direct the flow of
electricity. It’s similar to how a pump pushes water through a pipe.
 How do electric generators
work??
What Are The Parts Of An Electrical Generator?
1) Radiator
2) Engine
3) Alternator
4) Skid / Frame
5) Batteries
6) Oil filters
7) Control Panel
8) Air Filter
 Uses of an Electrical generator
● They provide the power for most power networks across cities
● Small scale generators provide a good backup for household power needs or small
businesses
● At construction sites, before the power is set up, they extensively make use of electric
generators
● Energy-efficient as fuel consumption is reduced drastically
● Since they give a range of voltage output, they are used in labs
● They are used to drive motors
● They are used in transportation
 04
Types of Electrical Generators
You can enter a subtitle here if you
need it
 Type of Electrical generators
An electric generator is generally categorised into two major types. It majorly depends on the kind
of electric energy that is generated. Let us see them in detail below:
AC generator:-
Alternating Current generator is a device capable of converting
mechanical energy into electrical energy. The input supply of AC
generator is mechanical energy supplied by combustion engines,
steam turbine, gas turbines, etc. The outcome of AC generator
includes alternating electric power which can be seen in the form
of voltage of AC. It runs on the principles of Faraday’s law of
electromagnetic induction which states that the electromotive
force can be generated in a current-carrying conductor. A rotating
magnet with a stationary conductor can be used to achieve that.
Or else, we can achieve is through the rotation of conducting coil
in static magnetic field. The purpose is to keep the coils in stationary
position.
The parts of AC generator:-
1) Rotor, 2) Stator, 3) Slip rings, 4) Armature, 5) Field, 6) Prime mover
 Type of Electrical generators
DC generator:-
DC generator also converts mechanical energy to electricity,
but the electron flow only in a single direction. An electromotive
force is generated while the conductor slashes the magnetic flux.
This method is also based on the principles of Faraday’s law of
electromagnetic induction. This induced electromotive force is
capable of causing current to flow when the circuit of the conductor
is closed. Based on fleming’s right hand rule, whenever there is a
change in the conductor’s direction of motion, there will also be a
change in the direction of induced current. Using this generator
we can obtain unidirectional current at the terminals, whereas in
AC is bidirectional.
The parts of DC generator:-
The speciality of DC generator is that it is capable of operating as a DC motor without making any
changes. Thus, it is also called as DC machine.
Major parts include:-
1) rotor, 2) stator, 3) Yoke, 4) Armature windings, 5) poles and pole shoes, 6) brushes, 7) commutator
Thanks!
Do you have any questions?