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power_amplifier

The document outlines the design and testing of Class A and Class B power amplifiers, detailing the necessary apparatus, circuit diagrams, theory, procedures, and calculations involved. Class A amplifiers operate in the active region for the entire input cycle, while Class B amplifiers use complementary symmetry with n-p-n and p-n-p transistors for efficient power transfer. The document also emphasizes the importance of precautions and provides methods for calculating efficiency and plotting gain versus frequency graphs.

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Sriram
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9 views

power_amplifier

The document outlines the design and testing of Class A and Class B power amplifiers, detailing the necessary apparatus, circuit diagrams, theory, procedures, and calculations involved. Class A amplifiers operate in the active region for the entire input cycle, while Class B amplifiers use complementary symmetry with n-p-n and p-n-p transistors for efficient power transfer. The document also emphasizes the importance of precautions and provides methods for calculating efficiency and plotting gain versus frequency graphs.

Uploaded by

Sriram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

CLASS A POWER AMPLIFIER(SERIES FED)


AIM: To design and test the class A power amplifier

APPARATUS:
1. Class A power amplifier trainer kit
2. Function Generator
3. CRO
4. BNC Probes and connecting wires

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
The amplifier is said to be class A power amplifier if the q point and the input
signal are selected such that the output signal is obtained for a full input cycle. For this
class the position of q point is approximately y at the midpoint of the load line. For all
the values of input signal the transistor remains in the active region and never entire
into the cutoff or saturation region. The collector current flows for 3600 (life cycle) of
the input signal in other words the angle of the collector current flow is 3600 the class
a amplifiers or furthers classified as directly coupled and transformer coupled and
transformer coupled amplifiers in directly coupled type .The load is directly connected
in the collector circuit while in the transformer coupled type, the load is coupled to the
collector using the transformer.

Advantages:

1. Distortion analysis is very important

2. It amplifies audio frequency signals faithfully hence they are called as audio
amplifiers
Disadvantages:

1. H parameter analysis is not applicable

2. Due to large power handling the transistor is used power transistor which is
large in size and having large power rating.

PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON Class –A power amplifier trainer

2. Set Vs (say 250 to 300 mV), at 10 KHz using signal generator.

3. Connect milli ammeter to the ammeter terminals

4. By keeping the input voltage constant, vary the frequency from 0 to 1MHz

in regular steps .

5. Note down the corresponding output voltage from CRO

6. Calculate the DC input power using the formula Pdc= VccIc

7. Calculate the AC output power using the formula Pac = VO2/8R L

8. Calculate the efficiency η = Pac /Pdc

9. Plot the graph between Gain (db) and frequency.

10. Calculate bandwidth from the graph.

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Check connections before switching ON power supply

2. Don’t apply over voltage

3. When you are not using the equipment switch them OFF.

4. Handle all equipment carefully.

CALCULATIONS:
Input power: Pdc= VccIc =

Outpower: Pac = VPP2/8RL =

η = Efficiency=output power/input power*100 = Pac /Pdc*100 =


EXPECTED GRAPH:

I/P:

O/P:

RESULT: Gain and frequency as observed of Class A power amplifier.


η = Efficiency=output power/input power*100 = Pac /Pdc*100 =
7.CLASS B COMPLEMENTARY SYMMETRY AMPLIFIER

AIM: To observe the input and output waveforms and to calculate the efficiency of Class B
Complimentary symmetry power amplifier.

APPARATUS:
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
Power supply 0-30V- 1 No.
CRO 20MHz - 1 No.
Digital multimeter - 1 No.
Signal generator 1Hz - 1MHz - 1 No.
COMPONENTS:
Resistors : 2.2K - 2 Nos.
100 - 2 Nos.
1K - 1 No
Transistors CL100- 1No , CK100 -1NO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
An amplifying system consists of several stages in cascade. The input and the
intermediate stages amplify small signal excitations to a value large enough to drive the final
device .The out put stage feeds the final device .The output stage feeds a transducer such as a
CRO,loudspeaker or servomotor. Thus the final stage must be capable of delivering a large
voltage or current or appreciable amount of power. This requires an amplifier which is referred as
a power amplifier
In class B complimentary symmetry class _B amplifier one n-p-n and p-n-p is used. Hence the
circuit is called class-B complimentary symmetry amplifier. This circuit ifis transformer less
circuit .But with common emitter configuration it becomes power transfer without output
impedance for maximum power transfer without an output transformers. Hence the matched pair
of complementary transistors are used in common collector configuration This is because in
common collector configuration has lowest output impedance and hence the impedance matching
is possible.

PROCEDURE:
1. conncet the circuit s per the circuit diagram
2. apply 4v p-p with 1KHZ frequency using function generator
3.observe the output in CRO .
4.note the cross over distortion in output.(outputVp-p)
5.remove the collector connection and put ammeter.
6. note the Idc value in the ammeter.
7. using Pdc and Pac formulas find the efficiency.

OBSERVATION:

Pac=Vm2/2RL =

Pdc=Vcc*Idc =

VO =

VCC =

RL =

EFFICIENCY: η =Pac/Pdc*100=

MODEL GRAPHS: I/P WAVEFORM


O/P WAVEFORM

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