Cambridge International AS & A Level

CHEMISTRY 9701/11
Paper 1 Multiple Choice
1 hour 15 minutes

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.

INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.
 The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.
 Important values, constants and standards are printed in the question paper.
 22

–1
1 The first ionisation energy of potassium, K, is 418 kJ mol . The first ionisation energy of
–1
strontium, Sr, is 548 kJ mol .

Which statement helps to explain why Sr has a greater first ionisation energy than K?

A The charge on a Sr nucleus is greater than the charge on a K nucleus.

B The outer electron in a Sr atom experiences greater shielding than the outer electron in a K
atom.
C The outer electron in a Sr atom experiences spin-pair repulsion.
D The outer electron in a Sr atom is further from the nucleus than the outer electron in a K
atom.

2+
2 What is the electronic configuration of Mg ?
2 2 6
A 1s 2s 2p
2 2 6 2
B 1s 2s 2p 3s
2 2 6 2 2
C 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
2 2 6 2 6 2 2
D 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s

3 Compound X contains the elements C, H and O only.

2.00 g of X produces 4.00 g of carbon dioxide and 1.63 g of water when completely

combusted. What is the empirical formula of X?

A CHO2 B C2H2O C C2H4O D CH2O2

4 For which molecule is the dipole moment zero?

A CH3Cl B CH2Cl 2 C CHCl 3 D CCl 4

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 33

5 Which dot-and-cross diagram is correct for Al 2Cl 6?

A B
3+ –
Cl key
2 Al 6 Cl = e ectrons from Al
= e ectrons from Cl
Cl Al
Cl

Cl Al Cl

Cl

C D

Cl Cl Cl

Cl Al Cl Cl Al Al
Cl

Cl Al
Cl Cl Cl

Cl

6 The boiling points of some hydrogen halides are shown.

hydrogen halide boiling point / K

H–Cl 188
H–Br 206
H–I 238

What is the explanation for the trend in boiling point for the hydrogen halides from HCl to HI?

A The bond energies of the hydrogen halides increase from HCl to HI.

B There is an increase in the strength of the intermolecular forces of attraction from HCl to HI.

C The intermolecular hydrogen bonds become stronger from HCl to HI.

D There is an increase in the bond polarity from HCl to HI.

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 44

7 Elements X, Y and Z are all in the first two periods of the Periodic Table.

Their Pauling electronegativity values, EN, are shown.

element EN

X 1.0
Y 2.1
Z 4.0

Substances exist with formulae XZ, YZ and Z2.

Which row puts these substances in order of increasing melting point?

lowest highest
melting point melting point

A XZ YZ Z2
B XZ Z2 YZ
C Z2 YZ XZ
D Z2 XZ YZ

8 The equation for reaction 1 is shown.

reaction 1 C6H12O6  2CO2 + 2C2H5OH

C6H12O6 a
C2H5OH b

What is the correct expression for the enthalpy change of reaction 1?

A a+b B a–b C a + 2b D a – 2b

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9 Nitrogen monoxide is an atmospheric pollutant that is formed inside car engines by an

endothermic reaction between nitrogen and oxygen.

N2(g) + O2(g)  2NO(g)

Which diagram correctly represents the energy profile for this reaction?

A B

products products
energy Ea energy Ea
reactants H reactants H

0 0
0 progress of 0 progress of
reaction reaction

C D

reactants Ea
reactants Ea
energy H products energy H products

0 0
0 progress of 0 progress of
reaction reaction

10 Two half-equations are shown.

–
MnO4 + 2H2O + 3e–  MnO2 + 4OH–
– 2– 2– –
2OH + SO3  SO 4 + H2O + 2e

The equation for the reaction between manganate(VII) ions and sulfite ions is shown.
–
uMnO4 + vH2O + wSO 2–  xMnO2 + ySO 2– + zOH–
3 4

Which statements are correct?

1 u=x=z
2 Manganese is reduced to oxidation state +4.
3 Sulfur is oxidised from oxidation state +4 to +6.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

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11 Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, decomposes to form water and oxygen.

The reaction is catalysed by bromide ions.

– +
step 1 2Br (aq) + H2O2(aq) + 2H (aq)  2H2O(l) + Br2(aq)
– +
step 2 H2O2(aq) + Br2(aq)  2Br (aq) + 2H (aq) + O2(g)

Which row is correct?

type of catalyst in step 1

A heterogeneous bromide ions are oxidised

B heterogeneous bromide ions are reduced
C homogeneous bromide ions are oxidised
D homogeneous bromide ions are reduced

12 Hydrogen and iodine react to form hydrogen iodide in an exothermic reaction. The equation is
shown.

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)

3
A 1 m reaction vessel contains H2, I2 and HI gases at equilibrium. The temperature is changed
3
such that the total pressure in the 1 m vessel doubles.

What is the effect on the value of Kp and on the position of equilibrium?

effect on the effect on the

value of Kp position of equilibrium

A decreases moves left

B increases moves right
C no change moves left
D no change no change

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 7

13 Which statement about atoms and molecules is correct?

A The molecular formula of a compound is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each
element in the compound.
23
B One mole of any substance contains 6  10 atoms.
C The relative atomic mass of an element is the ratio of the average mass of one atom of the
element to the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
D The relative formula mass of a compound is the sum of the individual atomic masses of all
the atoms in the formula.

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14 The Boltzmann distribution for one mole of a gas at temperature T is shown.

number of
particles with
energy, E

0 energy, E

One mole of the same gas is added, and the gas remains at temperature T.

Which dotted curve shows the distribution with the added gas?

A B

number of number of
particles with particles with
energy, E energy, E

0 energy, E 0 energy, E

C D

number of number of
particles with particles with
energy, E energy, E

0 energy, E 0 energy, E

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 9

15 In the reaction shown, the concentrations of both X and Y are reduced to half of their original
values whilst keeping the total volume of the solution constant.

X(aq) + Y(aq)  XY(aq)

Simultaneously the temperature is increased from 298 K to 348

K. Which prediction is definitely true?

A A smaller proportion of collisions between particles of X and particles of Y will be successful.

B The average kinetic energy of particles of X and particles of Y will increase.
C The rate of the reaction will be unaffected.
D The frequency of collisions between particles of X and particles of Y will halve.

16 A student investigated the chloride of a Period 3 element. This is what the student wrote down as
a record.

The compound was a white crystalline solid. It dissolved easily in water to

give a solution of pH 12. When placed in a test-tube and heated in a
roaring Bunsen flame, the compound melted after several minutes heating.

What can be deduced from this record?

A At least one of the recorded observations is incorrect.

B The compound was magnesium chloride, MgCl 2.
C The compound was phosphorus pentachloride, PCl 5.
D The compound was sodium chloride, NaCl.

17 The elements in Period 3 and their compounds show trends across the period from sodium to
chlorine.

Which row is correct?

electronegativity acid / base behaviour of

of the elements the oxides of the elements

A decreases basic  amphoteric  acidic

B decreases acidic  amphoteric  basic

C increases basic  amphoteric  acidic

D increases acidic  amphoteric  basic

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18 The table shows the melting points of SiO2 and P4O6.

oxide SiO2 P 4 O6
melting point / K 1883 297

Which statement explains the difference between the melting points of SiO2 and P4O6?

A The bonding of the oxides changes from ionic to covalent.

B The metallic character of the elements decreases across Period 3.
C The oxidation number of the element increases from Si to P.
D The structure changes from giant molecular to simple molecular.

19 Equal masses of CaCO3, Ca(NO3)2, BaCO3 and Ba(NO3)2 are thermally decomposed. The
volume of gas produced in each experiment is measured under the same conditions.

Which compound will produce the greatest volume of gas?

A CaCO3 B Ca(NO3)2 C BaCO3 D Ba(NO3)2

20 Which row gives correct comparisons between the solubilities of calcium hydroxide and
barium hydroxide and the thermal stabilities of calcium carbonate and barium carbonate?

solubility thermal stability

calcium hydroxide barium hydroxide calcium carbonate barium carbonate

A higher lower higher lower

B higher lower lower higher
C lower higher higher lower
D lower higher lower higher

21 Which statement relating to the elements in Group 17 and their compounds is correct?

A Bromine will reduce KI to form iodine.

B Iodide ions react to form a white precipitate when added to silver nitrate solution.
C Bromide ions react to form a white precipitate when added to silver nitrate solution.
D Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form a colourless gas.

3 –3
22 An excess of chlorine was bubbled into 100 cm of hot 6.0 mol dm sodium hydroxide.

How many moles of sodium chloride would be produced in the reaction?

A 0.30 B 0.50 C 0.60 D 0.72

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 11

23 The product of the Contact process is Z.

Which reaction or process leads to the formation of a gas that can neutralise an aqueous solution
of Z?

A atmospheric lightning
B combustion of fuel in an internal combustion engine
C the Haber process
D thermal decomposition of Group 2 nitrates

+
24 When ammonia, NH3, is dissolved in water, a small concentration of ammonium ions, NH 4, is
formed.

Which row is correct?

number of change of the H–N–H

electrons in one angle from ammonia
ammonium ion to the ammonium ion

A 8 decreases
B 8 increases
C 10 decreases
D 10 increases

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 22

25 A sample of 2.30 g of ethanol is mixed with an excess of aqueous acidified potassium

dichromate(VI). The reaction mixture is boiled under reflux for one hour. The required organic
product is then collected by distillation. The yield of product is 60.0%.

Which mass of product is collected?

A 1.32 g B 1.38 g C 1.80 g D 3.00 g

26 The structure of tartaric acid is shown.

tartaric acid

OH O
HO
OH
O OH

Four moles of substance X react with one mole of tartaric acid.

What could be substance X?

A sodium
B sodium carbonate
C sodium hydrogencarbonate
D sodium hydroxide

27 Compound X is an organic compound that contains 30.6% carbon, 3.8% hydrogen, 20.4%
oxygen and 45.2% chlorine by mass.

What is the empirical formula of X?

A C2H3OCl B C2H4OCl C C3H4OCl D C4H3O2Cl 2

28 A sample of propane, C3H8, with a mass of 9.61 g is completely combusted in an excess of

oxygen under room conditions.

Which volume of carbon dioxide gas is produced?

3 3 3 3
A 4.89 dm B 5.24 dm C 14.7 dm D 15.7 dm

29 Which atom has the same number of electrons as an ammonium ion?

A Mg B Na C Ne D O

30 Ethanal reacts with hydroxylamine, NH2OH, to form the molecule shown.

 33

H H
y z
H C C N O H
x
H

What is the order of increasing bond angle in this structure from smallest to largest?

A z, x, y B y, z, x C x, z, y D z, y, x

31 Descriptions of the bonding in three substances are

given.

substance 1 strong covalent bonds between atoms, permanent dipole-dipole

attractions between molecules
substance 2 strong covalent bonds between atoms, weak forces between molecules
substance 3 strong covalent bonds between atoms, hydrogen bonding between
molecules

Which compounds could be substances 1, 2 and 3?

substance 1 substance 2 substance 3

A CH3OH Al 2Cl 6 CH2Cl 2

B Al 2Cl 6 CH2Cl 2 CH4

C CH2Cl 2 CH4 CH3OH
D CH4 CH3OH H 2O
 44

32 Which type of bonding is never found in elements?

A covalent
B ionic
C metallic
D van der Waals’ forces

33 Using the information in the table, what is the enthalpy change, q, for the reaction described?
+ – –1
Cs (g) + Br (g)  CsBr(s) ∆H = q kJ mol

standard value
enthalpy change / kJ mol–1
o
H sol CsBr(s) +25.9
o
H hyd Cs+(g) –276
o
H hyd Br –(g) –335

A –636.9 B –585.1 C +585.1 D +636.9

34 A powder is known to be either a single sodium halide or a mixture of two sodium halides.
A sample of the powder was dissolved in water.

Aqueous silver nitrate was added, and a pale yellow precipitate was formed. When concentrated
aqueous ammonia was then added, this precipitate partly dissolved leaving a darker yellow
precipitate.

What could the powder be?

A sodium bromide only

B sodium iodide only
C a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium bromide
D a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium iodide
 55

35 Which enthalpy change is indicated by X in the enthalpy cycle shown?

C(s) + 2H2(g) + 2O2(g)

CH4(g) CO2(g) + X

CH4(g)
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

A – 4  the enthalpy of combustion of

hydrogen B + 4  the enthalpy of combustion
of hydrogen C – 2  the enthalpy of formation
of water
D + 2  the enthalpy of formation of
water

36 Copper dissolves in dilute nitric acid producing a blue solution of Cu(NO3)2, water and
nitrogen(II) oxide as the only products.

How many moles of acid react with three moles of copper in the balanced equation?

A 2 B 4 C 6 D 8

37 Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to produce ammonia.

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

A mixture of 2.00 mol of nitrogen, 6.00 mol of hydrogen and 2.40 mol of ammonia is allowed to
3
reach equilibrium in a sealed vessel of volume 1 dm . It is found that 2.32 mol of nitrogen were
present in the equilibrium mixture.

Which expression will give the value of Kc?

(1.76)2
A
(2.32)(6.96)3

(1.76)2
B
(2.32)(6.32)3

(2.08)2
C
(2.32)(6.32)3

(2.40)2
D
(2.32)(6.00)3
 66

38 A solid, X, was placed in an excess of the liquid Y.

A colourless gas was given off and a white precipitate was seen. The precipitate was not X.

What could be the identities of X and Y?

X Y

A BaCO3 H 2O
B Ca dilute H2SO4
C Mg dilute H2SO4
D SrCO3 dilute HCl

39 Two oxides of Period 3 elements are added separately to water. Both react to form colourless
solutions. One solution is alkaline, the other is acidic.

What could be the two oxides?

A Al 2O3 and SiO2

B Al 2O3 and P4O10
C Na2O and P4O10

D Na2O and SiO2

40 Nitric acid is produced by oxidising ammonia. The first step is to react ammonia with oxygen in
the presence of a catalyst to form nitrogen monoxide.
–1
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = –1636 kJ mol

Which set of conditions will produce the greatest yield of nitrogen monoxide at equilibrium?

temperature pressure

A high high
B high low
C low high
D low low

41 The height of the peak of the curve in a Boltzmann distribution represents the number of
molecules that have the most probable energy.
 77

A sample of gas has its temperature decreased without changing the number of molecules
present.

Which statement correctly describes a feature of the Boltzmann distribution for the gas when the
temperature decreases?

A The value of the most probable energy would stay the same.
B The number of molecules with the most probable energy would increase.
C The area under the molecular energy distribution curve would decrease.
D The number of molecules at the very high energy end of the distribution would stay the
same.

42 Ammonia exists as simple covalent molecules, NH3. Ammonia can react with suitable reagents to
+
form products containing ammonium ions, NH4 . Ammonia can also react with suitable reagents
–
to form products containing amide ions, NH2 .

Which of these nitrogen-containing species are present in an aqueous solution of ammonia?

A ammonia molecules and amide ions

B ammonia molecules and ammonium ions
C ammonia molecules only
D ammonium ions only
43 Which problem can result if too much NH4NO3 is applied to crops by farmers?

A Not all the NH4NO3 is used by plants and the excess makes the soil alkaline.
B Rain washes some of the NH4NO3 into rivers where it forms a precipitate.
C Some of the NH4NO3 dissolves in groundwater which may eventually be used for drinking.
D Ammonia is produced; this lowers the pH of the soil.

44 When descending Group 17 from chlorine to iodine, which statement is correct?

A The hydrides become less thermally stable as they become weaker reducing agents.
B The hydrides become more thermally stable as the reactivity of the elements decreases.
C The volatility of the elements decreases as the van der Waals’ forces increase.
D The volatility of the elements increases as the size of the molecules increases.
 8

Important values, constants and standards

–1 –1
molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K mol
4 –1
Faraday constant F = 9.65  10 C mol
23 –1
Avogadro constant L = 6.022  10 mol
–19
electronic charge e = –1.60  10 C
3 –1
molar volume of gas Vm = 22.4 dm mol at s.t.p. (101 kPa and 273 K)
3 –1
Vm = 24.0 dm mol at room conditions
–14 2 –6
ionic product of water Kw = 1.00  10 mol dm (at 298 K (25 C))
–1 –1 –1 –1
specific heat capacity of water c = 4.18 kJ kg K (4.18 J g K )

© UCLES 2022 9701/12/F/M/22

 The Periodic Table of Elements

© UCLES 2022
Group
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key atomic number 1.0 4.0
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
atomic symbol
Li Be name B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium relative atomic mass boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
6.9 9.0 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesiu 3 4 5 6 7 aluminium silicon phosphoru sulfur chlorine argon
m 8 9 10 11 12 27.0 28.1 s 32.1 35.5 39.9
23.0
24.3 31.0
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganes iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39.1 40.1 45.0 47.9 50.9 52.0 e 55.8 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8
54.9
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
9

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenu technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 m – 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3

9701/12/F/M/22
95.9
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordiu dubnium seaborgiu bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtiu roentgeniu coperniciu nihonium flerovium moscovium livermoriu tennessine oganesson
– – m – m – – – m m m – – – m – –
– – – – – –

lanthanoids 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymiu neodymiu promethiu samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosiu holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
138.9 140.1 m m m 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 m 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
140.9 144.4 – 162.5
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactiniu uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendeleviu nobelium lawrenciu
– 232.0 m 238.0 – – – – – – – – m – m
231.0 – –