TRIGONOMETRY

Angle Measurements

(a) Degree Conversion from degree to radian

(b) Radian Conversion from radian to degree

(c) Arc length, Area of a circular sector

(d) Sum of angles in a n-sided polygon is (n–2)  .

2
(e) Exterior angle at vertex of a regular n–sided polygon is .
n
 
(f) Table for  ,  ,........,( ) (Refer class notes)
2 2

(g) Value at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°…………

(h) Graphs, y = sin x, y = cos x, y = tan x, y = cot x, y = sec x, y = cosec x

(i) y = 2 sin x

y = sin 2x

y = sin (x – )
6

y = 2 sin ( 2x  ) Graphs
3
y = sin2 x

y = sin3 x

y = |sin x|

3 1
(j) sin 15° = cos 75° =
2 2
3 1
cos 15° = sin 75° =
2 2
5 1
sin 18° = cos 72° =
4
5 1
cos 36° = sin 54° =
4
tan 15° = 2  3
1
tan 22  = 2  1
2

(1) sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

(2) cos (A + B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B

(3) sin (A – B) = sin A cos B – cos A sin B

(4) cos (A – B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B

(5) sin2 A – sin2 B = sin (A – B) sin (A + B) = cos2 B – cos2 A

(6) cos (A – B) cos (A + B) = cos2A – sin2B

tan A  tan B tan A  tan B

(7) tan (A + B) = , tan (A – B) =
1  tan A  tanB 1  tan A tan B


(8) If A + B = n  then (1 + tan A) (1 + tan B) = 2
4
(9) sin (A + B) + sin (A – B) = 2 sin A cos B

(10) sin (A + B) – sin (A – B) = 2 cos A sin B

(11) cos (A + B) + cos (A – B) = 2 cos A cos B

(12) cos (A + B) – cos (A – B) = – 2 sin A sin B

(13)
CD
sin C + sin D = 2 sin 
C  D
 cos
 2  2

C D CD
(14) sin C – sin D = 2 sin   cos  2 
 2   

CD C D
(15) cos C + cos D = 2 cos 
2  cos  2 
   

C D D C
(16) cos C – cos D = 2 sin   sin  
 2   2 

tan A  tanB  tanC  tan A tanB tanC

(17) tan (A + B + C) =
1   tan A tanB

(18) tan (A + B + C + D) =
 tan A   tan A tanB tanC
1   tan A tanB  tan A tanB tanC tanD

sin(A  B)
(19) tan A + tan B =
cos A cos B
tan A  tanB sin(A  B)

tan A  tanB sin(A  B)
sin(A  B)
(20) tan A  tanB 
cos A cosB

cos(A  B)
(21) 1+ tan A tan B =
cos A cos B

cos(A  B)
(22) 1 – tan A tan B =
cos A cos B

(23) cot A – tan A = 2 cot 2A

tan2 A
(24) sin2 A =
1  tan2 A

1
(25) cos2 A =
1  tan2 A

2 tan A
(26) sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A =
1  tan2 A

1  tan2 A
(27) cos 2A = cos2 A – sin2 A = 2 cos2 A – 1 = 1 – 2 sin2 A =
1  tan2 A
 2 tan A
(28) tan2A =
1  tan2 A

cot 2 A  1
(29) cot 2A =
2cot A

  1  tan A
(30) tan   A  
4  1  tan A

  1  tan A
(31) tan   A  
 4  1  tan A

   
(32) tan   A  tan   A   1
 4   4 

1
(33) sin (60° – A) sin A sin (60° + A) = sin 3A
4

1
(34) cos (60° – A) cos A cos (60° + A) = cos3A
4

(35) tan (60° – A) tan A tan (60° + A) = tan 3A

(36) sin 3A = 3 sin A – 4 sin3A

(37) cos 3A = 4 cos3A – 3 cos A

3 tan A  tan3 A
(38) tan 3A =
1  3 tan2 A

sin 2A
(39) tan A =
1  cos 2A

cos A  A
(40)  tan   
1  sin A 4 2 

sin 2n 
(41) cos  cos  cos 22  …………..cos 2n–1  =
2n sin

 nd 
sin  
(42) sin a + sin (a + d) + …………….+ sin (a + (n – 1) d) =  2  sin(a  (n  1) d )
d 2
sin  
2

 nd 
sin  
(43) cos a + cos ( a + d) + ………. + cos (a + (n – 1) d) =  2  cos(a  (n  1) d )
 d 2
sin  
2
(44) c  a2  b2  a sinx  bcosx  c  c  a2  b2

(45) tan A + cot A = 2 cosec 2A

(46) cot A – tan A = 2 cot 2A

Conditional Identities

In a ABC (if A + B + C =  )

(i) sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A sin B sin C

(ii) cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C = – 1 – 4 cos A cos B cos C

A B C
(iii) sin A + sin B + sin C = 4 cos cos cos
2 2 2

A B C
(iv) cos A = cos B + cos C = 1 + 4 sin sin sin
2 2 2

(v) tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C

A B B C C A
(vi) tan tan  tan tan  tan tan  1
2 2 2 2 2 2

A B C A B C
(vii) cot  cot  cot  cot cot cot
2 2 2 2 2 2

(viii) cot A cot B + cot B cot C + cot C cot A = 1

Trigonometric Equations –

sin   k;  1  k  1 k 1 k  1
n 1  
  n  ( 1) sin k   2n    2n 
2 2
cos   k; 1  k  1 k=1 k  1
  2n  cos k 1
  2n   2n  

tan   k;   k  
  n  tan1 k

sin2   k 2 ,cos2   k 2 ,tan2   k 2 , |sin  | k,|cos  | k, | tan  | k;

then   n  