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paper6experiment

The document outlines various physics experiments for IGCSE, including methods for measuring the rate of cooling, resistance of wire, ray diagrams, spring extension, period of oscillations, and finding the center of mass. Each experiment includes steps, precautions, and suggestions for ensuring fair tests and increasing accuracy. The experiments utilize different materials and setups to explore fundamental physics concepts.

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5 views5 pages

paper6experiment

The document outlines various physics experiments for IGCSE, including methods for measuring the rate of cooling, resistance of wire, ray diagrams, spring extension, period of oscillations, and finding the center of mass. Each experiment includes steps, precautions, and suggestions for ensuring fair tests and increasing accuracy. The experiments utilize different materials and setups to explore fundamental physics concepts.

Uploaded by

Let's hit 100k sub without any videos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Paper6 experiments IGCSE Physics Prepared by Ms.

Foo

Rate of cooling ( temperature drops vs. surface area, type of insulation, volume of
water, temperature of surroundings)
1. 5 sets of beakers with different volume of 50ml, 100ml,
150ml, 200ml, and 250ml are prepared.
2. The diameter of the base of each beakers are measured using
measuring tape and recorded
3. 50cm3 of pure water is initial heated until the initial
temperature reach to 100C
4. The hot water is quickly and carefully poured into the 50ml
beaker
5. The stopwatch is started immediately
6. The time taken for the temperature to drop to 27C is counted.
7. The experiments are repeated with 100ml, 150ml, 200ml and
250ml of beakers
8. Results are recorded and tabulated

Fair test
1. Volume of water, initial temperature of water, surrounding temperature
Increase accuracy / reliable result
1. Repeat experiment, to calculate average reading.
2. Avoiding parallax error, look perpendicular to the ruler.

Precautions
1. Stir the solution at intervals.
2. Insulate the beaker with lid and cotton wool. Stand at distant from fire

©PREPARED BY MS.FOO (+6010-2202710) 1


Paper6 experiments IGCSE Physics Prepared by Ms.Foo

Resistance of wire ( resistance vs. length of wire, thickness of wire, temperature


of wire, type of wire)
1. 5 copper wire with different length of 5cm, 10cm, 15cm,
20cm and 25cm is prepared
2. The thickness of the wire has to be constant
3. The 5cm of copper wire is connected at point P and Q
4. The switch is switched on
5. The reading of voltmeter and ammeter is recorded
6. Experiment is repeated with 10cm, 15cm, 20cm and 25cm of
copper wire.
7. Results are recorded and tabulated

Fair test
1. Use same thickness of wire, use same temperature of wire, use same type of wire

Increase accuracy/ reliable result


1. Repeat experiment, to calculate average reading.
2. Prevent parallax error when taking readings from ammeter/ voltmeter

Precautions
1. Use small current to prevent overheating of the wire
2. Switch off circuit between readings to allow wire to cool down
3. Ensure the connections are clean, to prevent short circuit
4. Tap the wire to prevent wire from sticking each other

©PREPARED BY MS.FOO (+6010-2202710) 2


Paper6 experiments IGCSE Physics Prepared by Ms.Foo

Ray diagram (size of image vs. object distance/ screen distance/ thickness of lens)
(image distance vs. object distance/ thickness of lens)
1. Set the lens on a lens holder and secure it to a meter ruler
2. Adjust the lens so the lens is at the 50cm mark of the meter
ruler
3. Use the same lens throughout the whole experiment (to
ensure same thickness of lens)
4. Put a lighted candle at 0cm mark of the ruler
5. Adjust the white screen back and forth until a sharp image is
formed
6. Measure the distance between lens and the white screen to
record the image distance
7. Repeat the experiment by adjusting the object at 10cm,
20cm, 30cm, and 40cm mark

Fair test
1. Use same thickness of lens, use same size of object, use lens of same diameter

Increase accuracy / reliable


1. Repeat experiment, to calculate average reading.
2. Taking readings perpendicularly to the meter ruler to avoid parallax error
3. Take more readings ( increase number of set up )

Precautions
1. Ensure object, lens and image are at the straight line
2. Ensure object, lens and image are at the same level
3. Conduct experiment in a darkened room
4. Ensure lens is vertically fixed on the lens holder
5. Difficulties : hard to measure the size of image as the edge is hard to define, hard to determine a sharp image, hard
to find the object distance as the object may block the reading

©PREPARED BY MS.FOO (+6010-2202710) 3


Paper6 experiments IGCSE Physics Prepared by Ms.Foo
Ray box diagram ( to find angle of incidence and angle of refraction and refractive
index )
1. Put a rectangular glass block on a piece of white paper
2. Prepare a ray box to have the ray hit 1 side of the glass block
3. Put 2 pins on the incident ray and the refracted ray
4. Remove the glass block and ray box, draw a straight line
due to pin position
5. Connect the lines, find the angle of incident and angle of
refraction

Precautions
1. Put pins far apart ( at least 5cm apart), use thin pins, use vertical pins
2. Use thin ray
3. Draw with thin pencil line

Spring ( extension of spring vs. mass of load/ thickness of wire/ length of


wire/ diameter of coil/ type of wire )
1. Winding the wire on the 1cm thick round wooden stick (to ensure same diameter of coil) until 5cm long
2. Attach the spring to a hook and put the load of 10g on the spring
3. Measure the extension of the spring using a ruler
4. Repeat experiment with different length of spring

Precautions :
1. Wear shoes during experiment, as load are heavy and may harm
when dropped
2. Wind spring parallelly
3. Use thinner spring
4. Prevent parallax error

©PREPARED BY MS.FOO (+6010-2202710) 4


Paper6 experiments IGCSE Physics Prepared by Ms.Foo

Period of oscillations ( period vs. length of pendulum/ mass of pendulum/ angle


of deflection )
1. Prepare a 10cm long thread
2. Attach a 10g pendulum bob at the end of the thread
3. Deflect the pendulum bob at 450 from the vertical line
4. Start the stopwatch immediately, record the time taken for the
complete 20 oscillations
5. Repeat the experiment with different diameter of pendulum

Precautions :
1. Record the time taken for 20 oscillations, then divide the time taken
by 20 to find the period of the oscillations, this is to reduce the error due to slow reaction time
2. Ensure that the amplitude of the oscillations is the same throughout
3. Ensure the thread used are not elastic

To find center of mass

1. Make a hole in the lamina.

2. Hang it so it can swing freely.

3. Hang a plumb line in the hole and mark the line it passes through.

4. Repeat the procedure again to get another line

5. Their intersection point is the center of mass.

©PREPARED BY MS.FOO (+6010-2202710) 5

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