New as of: 2024-11

Axeos

Instructions for use

English
Table of contents Dentsply Sirona
Instructions for use Axeos

Table of contents
1 General data.................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Contact information ..................................................................................................... 6
1.2 Copyright and trademark............................................................................................. 7
1.3 General information about these instructions for use.................................................. 7
1.3.1 Structure of the document............................................................................. 8
1.3.1.1 Identification of danger levels ...................................................... 8
1.3.1.2 Formats and symbols used.......................................................... 8
1.4 Other relevant documents ........................................................................................... 9
1.5 Warranty and liability ................................................................................................... 9
1.6 Obligation of system owner and personnel ................................................................. 9
1.7 Obligation to report...................................................................................................... 9
1.8 Intended medical purpose ........................................................................................... 10
1.9 Indication and contraindication.................................................................................... 10
1.10 Intended user groups (according to User Specification) ............................................. 10
1.11 Intended target patient groups .................................................................................... 10

2 Safety notices.................................................................................................. 11
2.1 Basic safety information .............................................................................................. 11
2.2 Notes on the unit ......................................................................................................... 11
2.3 Ventilation slots ........................................................................................................... 11
2.4 Condensation .............................................................................................................. 12
2.5 Qualifications of operating personnel .......................................................................... 12
2.6 Switch on the unit ........................................................................................................ 12
2.7 Radiation protection .................................................................................................... 12
2.8 Emergency Stop.......................................................................................................... 12
2.9 Laser light localizer...................................................................................................... 13
2.10 Hygiene ....................................................................................................................... 13
2.11 Touchscreen................................................................................................................ 13
2.12 Trouble-free operation................................................................................................. 14
2.13 Interference with electronic devices ............................................................................ 14
2.14 Risks of electromagnetic fields.................................................................................... 14
2.15 Combination with other equipment.............................................................................. 15
2.16 Changes to the unit ..................................................................................................... 15
2.17 Structural alterations ................................................................................................... 15
2.18 Electromagnetic compatibility...................................................................................... 16
2.19 Electrostatic discharge ................................................................................................ 17
2.20 IT / Cybersecurity ........................................................................................................ 19

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3 Unit description................................................................................................ 20
3.1 Certification and registration........................................................................................ 20
3.2 Technical data ............................................................................................................. 21
3.2.1 Unit data........................................................................................................ 21
3.2.2 Transport, storage, and operating conditions ............................................... 23
3.2.3 Weight and packaging .................................................................................. 24
3.2.4 Diagrams....................................................................................................... 25
3.2.5 Values ​of the secondary scattered radiation................................................. 26
3.2.6 Requirements for the PC system .................................................................. 27
3.3 Overview of exposure programs ................................................................................. 28
3.4 Main components of the product ................................................................................. 31
3.4.1 Basic unit ...................................................................................................... 31
3.4.2 Cephalometer ............................................................................................... 33
3.4.3 Easypad ........................................................................................................ 34
3.4.4 Easypad touchscreen ................................................................................... 35
3.4.5 Remote control.............................................................................................. 39
3.5 Spare parts and consumables..................................................................................... 40
3.5.1 Accessory parts ............................................................................................ 40
3.5.1.1 Bite blocks and contact segments ............................................... 40
3.5.1.2 3D bite block and spherical bite blocks ....................................... 41
3.5.1.3 Universal and occlusal bite block ................................................ 42
3.5.1.4 Temple supports, forehead support, and temporomandibular
joint supports ............................................................................... 42
3.5.2 Hygienic protective sleeves .......................................................................... 44
3.5.2.1 Protective sleeves for the basic unit ............................................ 44
3.5.2.2 Protective sleeves for cephalometer ........................................... 45
3.5.3 Test phantom for acceptance/constancy test ............................................... 46

4 Installation and start-up ................................................................................... 48

4.1 Replacing accessories on the basic unit ..................................................................... 48
4.1.1 Replacing the bite block, contact segment, 3D bite block or chin rest.......... 48
4.1.2 Using the occlusal bite block......................................................................... 48
4.1.3 Using the universal bite block ....................................................................... 50
4.1.4 Using spherical bite blocks and the spherical bite block plate ...................... 51
4.1.5 Changing the temple supports and temporomandibular joint supports......... 51
4.2 Adjusting/inserting accessory parts on the cephalometer ........................................... 52
4.3 Removing/inserting the Ceph sensor .......................................................................... 53

5 Operation......................................................................................................... 54
5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image ........................................................................................... 54
5.1.1 Switching the unit on and starting the software ............................................ 54
5.1.1.1 Switching the unit on ................................................................... 54
5.1.1.2 Enabling exposure readiness in Sidexis 4 ................................... 56

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Instructions for use Axeos

5.1.2 Selecting an exposure program .................................................................... 58

5.1.2.1 Panoramic and bite wing exposure ............................................. 58
5.1.2.2 Temporomandibular joint exposure ............................................. 75
5.1.2.3 Sinus view.................................................................................... 82
5.1.2.4 Volume exposures ....................................................................... 90
5.1.2.5 Cephalometric exposures ............................................................ 111
5.1.2.6 Pediatric exposures ..................................................................... 124
5.1.3 Releasing the exposure ................................................................................ 127
5.1.3.1 Starting the test cycle .................................................................. 127
5.1.3.2 Releasing the exposure ............................................................... 127
5.1.3.3 Rescue program for image transfer problems ............................. 131
5.1.3.4 Using the remote control.............................................................. 137
5.1.3.5 Canceling an exposure ................................................................ 138
5.2 Preselecting user settings ........................................................................................... 139
5.2.1 Changing default settings ............................................................................. 139
5.2.2 Changing basic settings................................................................................ 141
5.2.3 Changing the light settings............................................................................ 143
5.2.4 Changing the sound volume settings............................................................ 145
5.2.5 Displaying unit information............................................................................ 147
5.2.6 Service functions........................................................................................... 147

6 Hygiene and maintenance............................................................................... 148

6.1 Hygiene ....................................................................................................................... 148
6.1.1 Cleaning the unit ........................................................................................... 149
6.1.2 Disinfecting individual system components .................................................. 150
6.1.3 Reprocessing the patient immobilizations..................................................... 151
6.1.3.1 Automated cleaning and disinfection (Option A) ......................... 152
6.1.3.2 Sterilization (Option B)................................................................. 153
6.1.3.3 Disassembly/assembly of the occlusal bite block ........................ 154
6.1.4 Disposal of single-use items ......................................................................... 155
6.1.5 End of service life of patient immobilizations ................................................ 155
6.2 Inspection and maintenance ....................................................................................... 155

7 Malfunctions .................................................................................................... 158

7.1 Help messages............................................................................................................ 158
7.2 Error message structure.............................................................................................. 160
7.3 Error description .......................................................................................................... 161
7.3.1 Ex – Error type .............................................................................................. 161
7.3.2 yy – Locality .................................................................................................. 163

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Instructions for use Axeos

8 Program values ............................................................................................... 164

8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph)........................................................................................... 164
8.1.1 Panoramic exposure index 1E ...................................................................... 164
8.1.2 Panoramic exposure index 2E ...................................................................... 166
8.1.3 Panoramic exposure index 3E ...................................................................... 168
8.1.4 Cephalometric exposures ............................................................................. 170
8.2 3D exposures (DVT).................................................................................................... 171
8.2.1 3D exposure code 4E ................................................................................... 172

9 Dose information ............................................................................................. 173

9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 .................... 174
9.1.1 2D exposures Pan ........................................................................................ 175
9.1.2 3D exposures................................................................................................ 178
9.1.3 Calculating dosage information..................................................................... 183
9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 .................... 186
9.2.1 2D exposures Pan ........................................................................................ 186
9.2.2 3D exposures................................................................................................ 190
9.2.3 Calculating dosage information..................................................................... 195
9.3 DAP values cephalometry (Ceph) ............................................................................... 199

10 Dismantling and disposal ................................................................................ 200

10.1 Dismantling and reinstallation ..................................................................................... 200
10.2 Disposal....................................................................................................................... 200

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1 General data Dentsply Sirona
1.1 Contact information Instructions for use Axeos

1 General data

1.1 Contact information

Dentsply Sirona Product service Log in to register your units and make service requests:
https://dentsplysirona.service-pacemaker.com/
Manufacturer's address Sirona Dental Systems GmbH
Fabrikstrasse 31
64625 Bensheim
Germany
Tel.: +49 (0) 6251/16-0
Fax: +49 (0) 6251/16-2591
E-Mail: [email protected]
www.dentsplysirona.com
Representative Switzerland Maillefer Instruments Holding Sàrl
Chemin du verger 3
CH-1338 Ballaigues

UK Responsible Person Dentsply IH Limited

Brunel Way
Stonehouse
Gloucestershire
GL 10 3GB
United Kingdom

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Dentsply Sirona 1 General data
Instructions for use Axeos 1.2 Copyright and trademark

1.2 Copyright and trademark

Copyright © Sirona Dental Systems GmbH. All rights reserved.
The information contained in this manual may be changed without
notice.
The software and all related documentation are protected by copyright.
You must therefore handle it in the same way as any other protected
material.
Anyone who copies this software to any medium for any purpose other
than his own personal use without the written permission of Sirona
Dental Systems will be liable to prosecution.
® ®
Trademarks Microsoft and Windows 10 are registered trademarks.
TM
Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

1.3 General information about these instructions for

use
Observe the instructions for use. Please familiarize yourself with the unit by reading through these
instructions for use before putting it into operation. It is essential that
you observe the specified safety information and warning notices.
Retain documents Keep the instructions for use so that they are always at hand in case
you or another user requires information at a later point in time. Save
the instructions for use on the PC or print them out.
If you sell the unit, make sure that the instructions for use are included
with it either as a hard copy or on an electronic storage device so that
the new owner can familiarize himself with its functions and the
specified warning and safety information.
"Download Center" for technical We have set up a "Download Center" for the technical documents at
documents dentsplysirona.com/ifu. From here, you can download these instructions
for use along with other documents. Please complete the online form if
you would like a hard copy of the instructions for use or operator's
manual. We would be happy to send you a printed copy, free of charge.
Help If you need help despite having thoroughly studied the instructions for
use, please contact your dental depot.

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1 General data Dentsply Sirona
1.3 General information about these instructions for use Instructions for use Axeos

1.3.1 Structure of the document

1.3.1.1 Identification of danger levels
To prevent personal injury and material damage, please observe the
warning and safety information provided in these operating instructions.
Such information is highlighted as follows:

DANGER
An imminent danger that could result in serious bodily injury or death.

WARNING
A possibly dangerous situation that could result in serious bodily
injury or death.

CAUTION
A possibly dangerous situation that could result in minor or moderate
bodily injury.

NOTICE
A possibly harmful situation which could lead to damage of the
product or an object in its environment.

IMPORTANT
Application instructions and other important information.

Tip: Information on making work easier.

1.3.1.2 Formats and symbols used

The formats and symbols used in this document have the following
meaning:

Prerequisite Identifies an action sequence with

1. First action step prerequisite and result.
2. Second action step
or
➢ Alternative action
Result
➢ Individual action step
see"Formats and symbols used Identifies a reference to another
[→ 8]" text passage and specifies its
page number.
● List Identifies a list.
"Command / menu item" Identifies commands, menu items
or a quote.

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Dentsply Sirona 1 General data
Instructions for use Axeos 1.4 Other relevant documents

1.4 Other relevant documents

The X-ray system includes other components, such as the software for
the Axeos Imaging System, which are described in separate
documents. Instructions and warning and safety information provided in
the following documents must be observed:
● Sidexis 4 Operator´s Manual, REF 64 58 983
● Axeos Konstanzprüfung 2D und 3D (DIN 6868), REF 67 35 448
● Axeos Constancy Test 2D and 3D (Dentsply Sirona /
21.CFR1020.33 / UK&IRL), REF 67 45 017

1.5 Warranty and liability

Maintenance In the interest of the safety and health of patients, users and other
persons, inspection and preventive maintenance must be performed at
scheduled intervals to ensure the operational reliability and functional
safety of your product (IEC 60601-1 / DIN EN 60601-1 etc.).
The system owner is responsible for making sure that all scheduled
inspections and preventive maintenance activities are performed.
As manufacturers of medical electrical equipment, we can assume
responsibility for the safety properties of the system only if maintenance
and repair work on the system is performed by ourselves or by agencies
expressly authorized by us, and if components affecting safe operation
of the system are replaced by original spare parts in case of failure.
Exclusion of liability In the event that the system owner fails to fulfill the obligation to conduct
scheduled inspections and preventive maintenance activities or ignores
error messages, Sirona Dental Systems GmbH and its authorized
dealers cannot assume any liability for damages.
Certificate of work We suggest that you request a certificate, showing the nature and
extent of the work performed, from those who carry out such work, and
specify that the certificate show any changes in rated parameters or
working ranges, as well as the date, the name of the firm and a
signature.

1.6 Obligation of system owner and personnel

These instructions for use presuppose that you are familiar with the
use of Sidexis software.
Prior to the exposure, please ask women of a childbearing age as to
whether they are pregnant or not. If the patient is pregnant, a risk/
benefit analysis must be performed.
In Germany, the Radiation Protection Ordinance requires owners of X-
ray equipment to perform constancy tests at regular intervals in order to
ensure the safety of operating staff and patients. Dentsply Sirona
recommends monthly testing.

1.7 Obligation to report

Any serious incident that has occurred in relation to the product must be
reported to the manufacturer and the competent authority of the
Member State where the user and/or patient is domiciled.

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1 General data Dentsply Sirona
1.8 Intended medical purpose Instructions for use Axeos

1.8 Intended medical purpose

The X-ray system creates data for digital exposures in the maxillofacial
region and subregions for dentistry and pediatric dentistry, for hard-
tissue diagnostics within ENT medicine, and for carpal exposures.
3D X-rays must not be used for routine or preventive examinations in
which an X-ray image is produced irrespective of the existence or non-
existence of clinical signs and symptoms. 3D X-ray examinations must
be able to be justified for each patient in order to demonstrate that the
benefits outweigh the risks.
The instructions for use and maintenance instructions must be
observed.
1.9 Indication and contraindication
Indications in sub-fields of dentistry:
● Conservative dentistry
● Endodontics
● Periodontology
● Prosthodontics / template scan exposures
● Functional diagnosis and therapy of craniomandibular dysfunctions
● Surgical dentistry
● Implantology
● Oral and maxillofacial surgery
● Orthodontics
● Pediatric dentistry
● ENT medicine (hard-tissue diagnostics)

Contraindications:
● Representation of cartilage structures
● Representation of soft tissue

1.10 Intended user groups (according to User

Specification)
Operating personnel for creation of X-ray exposures of humans:
● Dentists (General dentistry)
● Dentists with further training (oral surgery, orthodontics) or additional
education (OMS)
● Radiologic technologists (MTRA)
● Dental assistants
Operating personnel for installation, commissioning, acceptance testing
and technical service including creation of technical X-ray exposures:
● Service technicians

1.11 Intended target patient groups

The intended target patient groups are children, adolescents and adults.

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Dentsply Sirona 2 Safety notices
Instructions for use Axeos 2.1 Basic safety information

2 Safety notices

2.1 Basic safety information

NOTICE
This unit must not be operated in areas subject to explosion hazards.

2.2 Notes on the unit

The following symbols are affixed on the unit:
This symbol can be found on the rating plate on the unit.
Meaning: Observe the Instructions for Use when operating the unit.

This symbol can be found on the rating plate on the unit.

Meaning: The accompanying documents are available on the Dentsply
Sirona homepage.

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) Connector pins or sockets bearing ESD warning labels must not be
touched or interconnected without ESD protective measures. See also
"Electrostatic discharge" and "Electromagnetic compatibility".

Identification of single use devices Prior to each exposure, the hygienic protective sleeves (single use
devices) must be fitted.
Single use devices are identified with the symbol shown on the left.
They must be disposed of immediately after use. Do not use single-use
devices more than once.

2.3 Ventilation slots

Under no circumstances may the ventilation slots on the unit be
covered, since otherwise the air circulation will be obstructed. This can
cause the unit to overheat.
Do not spray into the ventilation slots
Do not spray liquids such as disinfectants into the ventilation slots. This
may lead to malfunctions. Use wipe disinfection only in the vicinity of the
ventilation slots.

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2 Safety notices Dentsply Sirona
2.4 Condensation Instructions for use Axeos

2.4 Condensation
Extreme temperature fluctuations may cause condensation inside the
unit. Do not switch the unit on before it has reached normal room
temperature. Also see the section "Technical data [→ 21]".

2.5 Qualifications of operating personnel

The unit may only be operated by skilled or properly trained personnel.
Personnel, who are to be trained, taught, instructed or are taking part in
a general training, may operate the device only under the supervision of
an experienced person.
To operate the unit, the operating personnel must:
● have read and understood the instructions for use
● be familiar with the fundamental structure and functions of the unit
● be able to recognize irregularities in the functioning of the unit and
implement the appropriate measures where necessary

2.6 Switch on the unit

No person may be positioned in the unit when switching it on and
setting the operating mode (until the sensor positioning is complete).
Malfunction may cause injury to the person.
In case of an error that requires switching the unit off and back on
again, the person must be removed from the unit, at the latest before
the unit is switched back on.

2.7 Radiation protection

The valid radiation protection regulations and measures must be
observed. The statutory radiation protection equipment must be used. In
order to reduce radiation exposure, Dentsply Sirona recommends using
bismuth or lead shields or aprons, especially for pediatric patients.
During the exposure, the operator is required to remove themselves as
far from the X-ray tube assembly as the coiled cable permits.
With the exception of the patient, no other persons without radiation
protection are allowed to stay in the room during an exposure. In
exceptional cases, a third person may provide assistance, but not the
practice staff. Visual contact with the patient and the unit must be
maintained throughout the entire exposure.
In case of malfunctions, stop the exposure immediately by letting go of
the exposure release button.

2.8 Emergency Stop

If any parts of the unit touch the patient during the rotary movement, let
go of the exposure release button (X-Ray) immediately or stop the unit
at once by actuating the unit main switch or an Emergency Stop switch
(not included in the scope of supply)!

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Dentsply Sirona 2 Safety notices
Instructions for use Axeos 2.9 Laser light localizer

2.9 Laser light localizer

The unit incorporates Class 1 laser products.
The light localizers are intended for correct patient positioning. They
must not be used for any other purposes.
There must be a minimum distance of 10 cm (4") between the eye and
the laser. Do not stare directly into the laser beam.
Make sure that the laser beam does not meet the eyes of the patient.
Prior to activating the light localizers, the patient must be asked to shut
their eyes.
The light localizers may be switched on only when functioning perfectly.
Repair work must be carried out by authorized staff only.
Do not use the system with any other lasers, and do not make any
changes to settings or processes that are not described in these
instructions for use. This may lead to a dangerous exposure to
radiation.

2.10 Hygiene
A new protective sleeve must be fitted for each patient, and all auxiliary
exposure tools must additionally be disinfected to preclude potential
transmission of pathogens that could cause serious illnesses.
Applied parts must be disinfected prior to patient positioning in order to
prevent cross-contamination.
Suitable hygienic measures must be taken to prevent cross
contamination between patients, users, and other persons.
Additional information can be found in chapter "Cleaning and care".

2.11 Touchscreen
The Easypad monitor is equipped with touch-sensitive control
technology.
The touchscreen must not be operated with pointed objects such as
ball-point pens, pencils, etc. Such objects could damage or scratch the
surface. Always operate the touchscreen by pressing it gently with your
fingertip.

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2 Safety notices Dentsply Sirona
2.12 Trouble-free operation Instructions for use Axeos

2.12 Trouble-free operation

Use of this system is permissible only if it works properly without
malfunctions. If trouble-free operation cannot be ensured, the unit must
be taken out of service, checked by authorized technicians for
malfunctions and, if necessary, repaired.
X-rays of patients may be taken only when the system is working
trouble-free.

CAUTION
Increased exposure to X-rays due to multiple exposures.
Physical constitution, clothing, dressings, wheelchairs, or hospital
beds obstruct the movements of the unit. The X-ray exposure has
limited or no diagnostic value and has to be repeated. This increases
the patient's radiation exposure.
➢ Ensure that the exposure can be carried out without disruptions.
A test run may be necessary.

The travel range of the unit must be kept free from foreign matter.
Do not leave the patient at the unit unattended.
The device may only be operated with a complete cover and protective
hood.

2.13 Interference with electronic devices

To prevent the malfunctioning of electronic devices and data memories,
these objects must be removed prior to the X-ray exposure.

2.14 Risks of electromagnetic fields

The function of implanted systems (cardiac pacemakers or cochlear
implants, for example) can be affected by electromagnetic fields. Before
commencing treatment, ask if the patient has a cardiac pacemaker or
any other implanted system.
Any prevailing risks are listed in the documentation provided by the
implant manufacturer.

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Dentsply Sirona 2 Safety notices
Instructions for use Axeos 2.15 Combination with other equipment

2.15 Combination with other equipment

Putting together or altering a medical electrical system by combining
with other devices in accordance with IEC 60601-1 (safety requirements
for medical electrical systems) is subject to the obligation to ensure
compliance with the requirements of this provision for patient safety, the
operator, and the environment.
If any devices not approved by Dentsply Sirona are connected, they
must comply with the applicable standards:
● IEC 60950-1 or IEC 62368-1 for information technology equipment
and
● IEC 60601-1 for medical electrical equipment
To this end, refer to the ‘Installation requirements’ and compatibility list/
declaration of conformity by the system integrator.
If in doubt, contact the manufacturer of the system components.

2.16 Changes to the unit

Modifications to this unit which might affect the safety of the system
owner, patients or other persons are prohibited by law!
For reasons of product safety, this product may be operated only with
original Dentsply Sirona accessories or third-party accessories
expressly approved by Dentsply Sirona. The user is responsible for any
damage resulting from the use of non-approved accessories.

2.17 Structural alterations

If structural changes are made in the vicinity of the X-ray unit which
result in the device being exposed to very high levels of vibration or
even impact, the device must be inspected by a service engineer and
re-adjusted and re-calibrated if necessary.

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2.18 Electromagnetic compatibility Instructions for use Axeos

2.18 Electromagnetic compatibility

The acquisition unit complies with the requirements of IEC 60601-1-2.
Medical electrical equipment are subject to special precautionary
measures with regard to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). They
must be installed and operated as specified in the "Installation
Requirements" document.
Portable and mobile RF communications equipment may affect medical
electrical equipment.
If the installation requirements and the following recommendations are
not observed, there is a risk that the X-ray images will not have the
correct exposure.
The correctness of the radiation parameters and the repeatability of the
dose values in particular may be affected.
In the case of repairs, only use replacement parts approved by Dentsply
Sirona.
Only use disinfectants approved by Dentsply Sirona so as not to
damage electrical insulation.
Portable HF equipment must not be placed within a 30 cm radius of the
X-ray unit.
HF surgery units and X-ray units must not be operated at the same
time.

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Dentsply Sirona 2 Safety notices
Instructions for use Axeos 2.19 Electrostatic discharge

2.19 Electrostatic discharge

Protective measures
Electrostatic discharge (abbreviated: ESD – ElectroStatic Discharge)
Electrostatic discharge from people can damage electronic components
when the components are touched. Damaged components usually have
to be replaced. Repairs must be performed by qualified personnel.
Measures to protect against ESD include:
● Procedures to avoid electrostatic charging via
– air conditioning
– air humidification
– conductive floor coverings
– non-synthetic clothing
● Discharging the electrostatic charges from your own body through
contact with
– a metallic unit casing
– a larger metallic object
– any other metal part grounded with the protective earth
● Wearing an antistatic band that creates a connection between the
body and a protective ground wire.
Areas at risk are indicated on the unit with the ESD warning label:
We recommend that all persons working with this system are made
aware of the significance of the ESD warning label. A training course
should also be held to inform users about the physics of electrostatic
charges.

Physics of electrostatic charges

An electrostatic discharge requires prior electrostatic charging.
There is a danger of electrostatic charges building up whenever two
bodies rub against each other, e.g. when:
● walking (soles of shoes against the floor) or
● moving (chair casters against floor).
The amount of charge depends on several factors: The charge is:
● higher at low air humidity than at high air humidity, and
● higher with synthetic materials than with natural materials (clothing,
floor coverings).
The following rule of thumb can be applied to assess the transient
voltages resulting from an electrostatic discharge.
An electrostatic discharge is:
● perceptible at 3,000 V or higher
● audible at 5,000 V or higher (cracking, crackling)
● visible at 10,000 V or higher (arc-over)

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2 Safety notices Dentsply Sirona
2.19 Electrostatic discharge Instructions for use Axeos

The transient currents resulting from these discharges have a

magnitude of over 10 amps. They are not hazardous for humans
because they last for only several nanoseconds.
Tip: 1 nanosecond= 1/1,000,000,000 second= 1 billionth of a second
Voltage differentials exceeding 30,000 volts per centimeter may lead to
a charge transfer (electrostatic discharge, lightning, spark-over).
Integrated circuits (logical circuits and microprocessors) are used in
order to implement a wide variety of functions in a device. The circuits
must be miniaturized to a very high degree in order to include as many
functions as possible on these chips. This leads to structure thicknesses
as low as a few ten thousandths of a millimeter. Integrated circuits that
are connected to wires leading externally are therefore particularly at
risk from electrostatic discharge.
Even voltages that are imperceptible to the user can cause breakdown
of the structures, thus leading to a discharge current that melts the chip
in the affected areas. Damage to individual integrated circuits may
cause malfunction or failure of the unit.

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Dentsply Sirona 2 Safety notices
Instructions for use Axeos 2.20 IT / Cybersecurity

2.20 IT / Cybersecurity
An important concern of our company is to draw our customers'
attention to the protection of Dentsply Sirona X-ray units and to related
recommendations for ensuring an optimal and secure IT environment
for these units.
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends establishing a peer-to-peer
connection between the X-ray unit and the X-ray image PC on which
the acquisition server runs.
● If the unit is integrated in a network of a practice or clinic, Dentsply
Sirona strongly recommends the setup of a "private LAN" between
the X-ray unit and the X-ray image PC with PC software, for
example by installing a second network adapter.
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends the use of hard disk
encryption.
● Dentsply Sirona recommends performing data backups regularly.
● To guarantee adequate IT / cybersecurity, a fixed IP address must
be assigned for the unit. The IP address must not be assigned via
DHCP.
● The PC software requires a version of Windows 10 Pro (64 bit). For
an optimal and secure IT environment, Dentsply Sirona strongly
recommends using a version with long-term support (Win 10 LTSC).
● To guarantee effective protection against malware and cyberattacks,
Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends installing the latest security
tools for Windows networks (e.g. malware protection, hardware
firewalls, intrusion detection system) on the X-ray image PC.
● Dentsply Sirona also strongly recommends checking the USB
connections and CD drive.
● Dentsply Sirona also strongly recommends closing all unneeded
ports.
● Error message E5 14 04 (network connection disconnected):
Before establishing readiness for exposure, the unit must be
restarted. If the error recurs after the restart, assume a cyberattack
and contact the network administrator before performing a patient
exposure.
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends avoiding the use of virtual
machines for operating systems.
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends against installing additional
software on the X-ray image PC (unless absolutely necessary).
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends the prompt installation of
security updates for the PC operating system.
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends installing the PC software
only on work stations with restricted user access.
● Dentsply Sirona strongly recommends restricting physical access to
the IT infrastructure of the practice or clinic.

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.1 Certification and registration Instructions for use Axeos

3 Unit description

3.1 Certification and registration

The Axeos Imaging System X-ray unit complies with IEC 60601-1:2005
+ A1:2012
The Axeos Imaging System X-ray unit complies with IEC
60601-1-3:2008 + A1:2013
The Axeos Imaging System X-ray unit complies with IEC
60601-2-63:2012 + A1:2017

Original language: German

This product bears the CE mark in accordance with the provisions of

the Council Directive 93/42/EEC of June 14, 1993 concerning medical
devices (MDD).

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 Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.2 Technical data

3.2 Technical data

3.2.1 Unit data
Model designation: Axeos
Manufacture date / Serial See rating plate
number:
Nominal voltage: 200 – 240 V
Permissible fluctuation: ± 10 %
Permissible drop under 10 %
load:
Nominal current: 12 A
Nominal power: 2 kW at 90 kV/12 mA with any radiation
time
Nominal frequency: 50 Hz / 60 Hz
Mains resistance: Max. 0.8 ohms
Main building fuse: 25 A slow-blow (16 A for single line)
Power input: 2 kVA
Power output of tube as- 69 kV / 16 mA = 1104 W with any radi-
sembly: ation time
Tube voltage: 60 – 90 kV (for 90 kV max. 12 mA)
Tube current: 3 – 16 mA (for 16 mA max. 69 kV)
Maximum setting range: 60 kV / 3 mA to 90 kV / 12 mA
High-voltage waveform: High-frequency multipulse
Residual ripple ≤ 4 kV
High voltage generation fre- 40 – 120 kHz
quency:
Program duration: See "Program values"
Exposure time: See "Program values"
Image acquisition scale: For P1, normal dental arch (slice cen-
ter) approx. 1:1.25, i.e., the acquired
image is magnified by approx. 24 % on
average compared to reality.
Exposure time for a Max. 14.9 s
cephalometric exposure:
Image acquisition scale for Approx. 1:1.1, i.e., the acquired image
a cephalometric exposure: is magnified by approx. 10 % on aver-
age compared to reality.

Total filtration of X-ray tube > 2.5 mm AI / 90 IEC 60522

assembly: For volume exposures:
0.3 mm Cu for VOL1/2/3 in SD and HD
modes
0.5 mm Cu for VOL4 in SD and HD
modes
1 mm Cu VOL1/2/3/4 in Low Dose
mode

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.2 Technical data Instructions for use Axeos

Focal spot size as specified 0.5 mm

in IEC 60336, measured in
the central X-ray beam:
Marking of focal spot:

Source-to-skin distance: > 200 mm (8")

Automatic exposure block- The duration of automatic exposure
ing: blocking (cooling period) depends on
the set kV/mA level and the actual ex-
posure time. Depending on the tube
load, interval times of 8 s to 300 s are
automatically set by the system.
Example: For program P1 with expo-
sure data of 84 kV/12 mA and a radia-
tion time of 14.1 s, the pause duration
is 150 s.

Unit class: IPX0

Class I device
Degree of protection
against electric shock:
Type B device
Degree of protection Ordinary device (without protection
against ingress of water: against ingress of water)
Year of manufacture:
20XX (on the rating plate)
Operating mode: Continuous operation
Long-term power output: 200 W
Anode material: Tungsten
Exposure parameters for 2 mA / 90 kV
determining leakage radia-
tion:

X-ray tube
Siemens SR 90/15 FN

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.2 Technical data

2D sensor
Digital CdTe sensor with direct converter technology (DCS) for
panoramic radiographic technique

Active sensor area, Pan 146 mm x 6 mm

type:
Pixel size: 0.1 mm
Focus-sensor distance: 497 mm

3D sensor
Digital flat panel detector with a-Si technology (amorphous silicon)

With 3D exposure technology:

Active sensor area: 230 mm x 160 mm
Pixel size: 0.12 mm
Focus-sensor distance: 524 mm
Max. filtration in front of < 1.2 mm Al
sensor:

Ceph sensor
Digital line sensor with CCD technology

Active sensor area, ceph 230 mm x 6.48 mm

type:
Pixel size: 0.027 mm
Focus-sensor distance: 67.48 in (1714 mm)

3.2.2 Transport, storage, and operating conditions

X-ray unit

Transport and storage con- Temperature: -10 °C – +70 °C

ditions: (14 °F – 158 °F)
Relative humidity: 10 % – 95 %
Air pressure: 50 kPA – 106 kPA

Operating conditions: Ambient temperature:

+18 °C - +31 °C (64 °F – 88 °F)
Relative humidity: 30 % – 85 %
(no condensation)
Air pressure: 70 kPA – 106 kPA
Operating altitude: ≤ 3000 m above sea level

Cephalometer
+70 95 106
Transport and storage con- Temperature: -40 °C – +70 °C (-40 °F –
ditions: 158 °F)
-40 °C 10 50 kPa
Relative humidity: 10 % – 95 %
Air pressure: 50 kPA – 106 kPA

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.2 Technical data Instructions for use Axeos

3.2.3 Weight and packaging

Weight (with packaging / without packaging):
Axeos Imaging System 191 kg / 113 kg
415 lb / 243 lb
Cephalometer 40 kg / 33 kg
95 lb / 49 lb
Floor stand 50 kg / 31 kg
110 lb / 68 lb
Dimensions of the packaging:
Axeos Imaging System 199 cm x 69 cm x 122 cm
78 3/8" x 27 1/8" x 48"
Cephalometer 175 cm x 78 cm x 73 cm
68 7/8" x 30 3/4" x 28 3/4"
Floor stand 114 cm x 105 cm x 22 cm
56 3/4" x 41 3/8" x 8 5/8"

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.2 Technical data

3.2.4 Diagrams
Cooling curve for tube housing

Cooling curve of X-ray tube

SR 90/15 FN

Heating curve for tube housing

Central X-ray beam and anode angle

7°
10°

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.2 Technical data Instructions for use Axeos

3.2.5 Values ​of the secondary scattered radiation

9.

10. 8.

11. 7.

12. 5.

1. (3. + 4.)
13. 6.

2.
Because the highest scattered radiation is generated in HD mode with
3D X-ray operation, it is listed here.
3D X-ray measurement criteria:
The following parameters were set for the measurements:
Tube voltage 85 kV,
tube current 12 mA,
radiation time 16.7 s (corresponds to a current-time product of 200.4
mAs).

Angle Measuring Distance [m] Measured Dose/mAs

[°] point dose [µSv] [µSv]
0 1 1 5.69 0.0284
2 2 1.45 0.00723
3 1 (45° below) 3.46 0.0173
4 1 (45° above) 1.01 0.00503
45 5 1 6.87 0.0343
6 2 1.90 0.00948
90 7 1 8.5 0.0424
135 8 1 9.63 0.0481
180 9 1 0.51 0.00254
225 10 1 10.3 0.0514
270 11 1 8.44 0.0414
315 12 1 6.93 0.0346
315 13 2 1.89 0.00943

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.2 Technical data

3.2.6 Requirements for the PC system

For information on the requirements for the PC systems, please refer to
the installation requirements

Sidexis 4 REF 66 63 236

Axeos REF 67 30 761

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.3 Overview of exposure programs Instructions for use Axeos

3.3 Overview of exposure programs

The following is a list of the available exposure programs and the
possible program settings. The exposure programs are displayed on the
touchscreen in abbreviated form.

Panoramic exposures

Panoramic exposure program Quadrants

P1 Panoramic exposure, standard

P1 A Panoramic exposure, artifact-reduced

P1 C Panoramic exposure, constant 1.25x magnifica-

tion
P2 Panoramic exposure, without ascending rami

P2 A Panoramic exposure, without ascending rami, ar-

tifact-reduced
P2 C Panoramic exposure, without ascending rami,
constant 1.25x magnification
P10 Panoramic exposure for children

P10 A Panoramic exposure for children, without as-

cending rami, artifact-reduced
P10 C Panoramic exposure for children, without as-
cending rami, constant 1.25x magnification
P12 Thick slice, anterior tooth region

Program settings:
Single-quadrant selection (only upper/ lower jaw for P12),
Quickshot function (no P12 for Quickshot function),
kV/mA values
For more information about the panoramic exposure programs, see "P1
– Panoramic exposure [→ 58]" onwards.

Bite wing exposures

Bitewing exposure programs Quadrants

BW1 Bitewing exposures in the posterior tooth region

BW2 Bitewing exposures in the anterior tooth region

Program settings: For BW1 quadrant selection left/right half-view or

both sides, kV/mA values
For more information about the bitewing exposure programs, see BW1
– Bite wing exposure in the posterior tooth region [→ 61].

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.3 Overview of exposure programs

Temporomandibular joint exposures

TM1.1/TM1.2 Temporomandibular joints from a lateral aspect

with the mouth open and closed, two-part expo-
sure
TM3 Temporomandibular joints lateral, ascending rami

Program settings: In two-part exposure programs with angle

preselection (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°), kV/mA values
For more information about the temporomandibular joint exposure
programs, see "TM1.1 / TM1.2 – Lateral view of temporomandibular
joints with mouth open and closed [→ 75]" onwards.

Sinus exposures

S1 Paranasal sinuses
S3 Paranasal sinuses, linear slice orientation

Program settings: kV/mA values

For more information about the sinus exposure programs, see "S1 –
Paranasal sinuses [→ 82]" onwards.

Cephalometric exposures
If the unit is equipped with a cephalometer, you can also take
cephalometric images.

C1 Posterior-anterior exposure, symmetrical

C2 Anterior-posterior exposure, symmetrical
C3 Lateral exposure
C3F Full-format exposure, lateral
C4 Carpus view, symmetrical

Program settings: Quickshot function, collimation (except for C4), kV/

mA values
For more information about the cephalometric exposure programs, see
"C1 – Posterior-anterior exposure, symmetrical [→ 111]" onwards.

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.3 Overview of exposure programs Instructions for use Axeos

Volume exposure
The Axeos Imaging System X-ray system is available as a 2D/3D hybrid
unit. The volume programs VOL1 SD, VOL1 HD, VOL1 Low, VOL2 SD,
VOL2 HD, VOL2 Low, VOL3 SD, VOL3 HD, VOL3 Low, VOL4 SD,
VOL4 HD, VOL4 Low are available with this unit.

Programs Volume area Collimation

VOL1 SD Volume exposure with a diameter of approx. 8 cm and
Isotropic voxel edge length: 160 µm a height of approx. 8 cm or 5.5 cm collimated.
VOL1 HD
Isotropic voxel edge length: 160 µm
VOL1 Low
Isotropic voxel edge length: 160 µm
VOL2 SD Volume exposure with a diameter of approx. 5 cm and
Isotropic voxel edge length: 160 µm a height of approx. 5.5 cm for upper or lower jaw
VOL2 HD
Isotropic voxel edge length: 80 µm
VOL2 Low
Isotropic voxel edge length: 160 µm
VOL3 SD Volume exposure with a diameter of approx. 11 cm and
Isotropic voxel edge length: 220 µm a height of approx. 10 cm or selection of upper quad-
VOL3 HD rant collimated to 7.5 cm and selection of lower quad-
Isotropic voxel edge length: 160 µm rant collimated to 8.0 cm
VOL3 Low
Isotropic voxel edge length: 220 µm
VOL4 SD Volume exposure with a diameter of approx. 17 cm and
Isotropic voxel edge length: 220 µm a height of approx. 13 cm or selection of upper quad-
VOL4 HD rant collimated to 10 cm and selection of lower quad-
Isotropic voxel edge length: 220 µm rant collimated to 7.5 cm
VOL4 Low
Isotropic voxel edge length: 220 µm

Program settings: Volume area (anterior teeth, molars right/left or

temporomandibular joints right/left), collimation of upper/lower jaw,
radiation time
For more information about the 3D exposure program, see Volume
exposures [→ 90]" onwards.

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.4 Main components of the product

3.4 Main components of the product

3.4.1 Basic unit

A B C D B1 E F G H

R Q P O N M L K J I

A Main switch
B Light localizer with height adjustment of the laser line (Frank-
furt plane) for panoramic exposures
B1 Light localizers for 3D positioning
C Light localizer central laser line for face center
D Control mirror for patient positioning
E Tray for jewelry, etc.
F Forehead support
G Temple supports
H PAN/3D sensor unit
I Primary diaphragm field on the X-ray tube assembly
J Bite block, contact segment or chin rest
K Holder for chin rest, bite blocks, or contact segments, etc.
S Handle for patient
M Drawer for accessories
N Touch bar for swiveling the control mirror in and out
O Easypad (swiveling and tilting operator panel)

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.4 Main components of the product Instructions for use Axeos

P Door for accessories

Q Exposure release button
R Ambient light (backlight), adjustable via Easypad

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.4 Main components of the product

3.4.2 Cephalometer

A Projection scale
B Scale for vertical nose support adjustment
C Nose support
D Locking knob for nose support
F Pushbutton for sensor removal
G Rotating element for rotary movement of head supports
H Secondary diaphragm with light localizer of laser line (Frank-
furt horizontal plane)
I Sensor
J Carpus support plate
K Ear plugs with holders

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.4 Main components of the product Instructions for use Axeos

3.4.3 Easypad

A "Unit down" key

B "Unit up" key
C Optical radiation indicator
D Touchscreen (touch-sensitive screen)
E LED display "Unit ON"

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.4 Main components of the product

3.4.4 Easypad touchscreen

The screen for this unit is a touchscreen.
The structure of the user interface is subdivided into 2 levels.
Level 1 (X-raying of patients): The settings for the X-ray exposure are
made by touching the screen surface.
Level 2 (user settings): By touching the toothed wheel (J) in the upper
right corner of the touchscreen, you can switch to the 2nd level. In the
2nd level, the factory preset basic settings can be changed.

Level 1: X-raying of patients

Control and display elements

A Light localizer ON/OFF

B Forehead support adjustment display
C Height adjustment display
D Program selection keys -/+
Order of programs
PAN: P1, P2, P10, P12, BW1, BW2, TM1.1, TM3, S1, S3
CEPH: C1, C2, C3, C4
3D: VOL1, VOL2, VOL3, VOL4
E Orange: Display of the minimum exposure area for the se-
lected program (dental arch or segment)
F Program display, selection of subprograms (A/C)

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.4 Main components of the product Instructions for use Axeos

G Display of program group selection

H Display of patient head positioning
I Submenu column (options)
J Toothed wheel: Navigation element to switch between level 1
(X-raying of patients) and level 2 (user settings)
K Quadrant selection display marked with R (right) and L (left)
N Display of kV/mA value
O Display of unit information
P Display of color-coded bite block or contact segment for the
chosen program
Q Symbol for temporomandibular joints
R Symbol for dental arch
S Comment line for help and error messages
T PAN: Quick ON / Quick OFF
Reduction in the exposure/radiation time
3D: SD / HD / Low Dose
Reduction in the patient dose
U Expected radiation time (after completion: actual radiation
time)
V Patient symbols (child, adolescent/woman, woman/man,
large individuals): Exposure parameter presettings
W "R" key for acknowledging device messages. The return of
the unit is one of these messages!
X "T" key for test cycle without radiation
Y "Move forehead support toward forehead" and "Move fore-
head support away from forehead" keys
Z "Close temple supports" and "Open temple supports" keys

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.4 Main components of the product

Display aid for patient head positioning

The patient head symbol shown on the top right helps you to position
the patient's head.

P1, P2, P10, P12, BW1, BW2 A The patient head symbol shows the head posture: straight
A (Frankfort horizontal plane), bent forward (anterior) with open
or closed mouth, or bent backward (reclined).
C
B If a bite block or a contact segment is to be used, it is dis-
B played in the corresponding color - yellow or blue.
TM1.1 TM1.2
C In red, this line shows the reflecting light localizer line (Frank-
D fort horizontal), in white it is simply used as a guide for the
corresponding head inclination.
D For temporomandibular joint and sinus views, the temporo-
S1, S3 mandibular joint support is also displayed in blue.
If a small circle with a dot in its center appears at the end of
the support, ear olives must be used; only contact pads are
C required if this symbol is not displayed.
E When using the occlusal bite block, a blue line and a blue ar-
row are shown for positioning.

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.4 Main components of the product Instructions for use Axeos

Level 2: User settings

Presetting elements
Orange: Selected
The function or value has been selected by the user.

A B C D E F G

M H

Select start settings

J I

A Service functions (for service engineer only)

B Select start settings: Quickshot ON/OFF, SD/HD mode
C Select basic settings: Assign kV/mA values to patient sym-
bols
D Select light settings: (backlight of touchscreen, ambient light)
E Sound volume: Touchscreen touch sound, cycle sound,
height adjustment
F Input of an activation key (only needed in service case)
G Back to level 1 (X-raying of patients)
H Display the selected settings after saving
I Save the selected settings
J Display the selected presetting element
K Presetting for Pan
N Presetting for Ceph
M Presetting for 3D

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Instructions for use Axeos 3.4 Main components of the product

3.4.5 Remote control

CAUTION
Increased radiation
If several units are installed in the same room, the remote controls
must be suitably labeled to make it clear which control is for which
unit.

B A A
B
C

A Radiation indicator
B LED display "Unit ON"
C Display field
D Exposure release button
E "R" button to reverse the unit
F Exposure release button with coiled cable

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.5 Spare parts and consumables Instructions for use Axeos

3.5 Spare parts and consumables

3.5.1 Accessory parts
3.5.1.1 Bite blocks and contact segments

F
A

B C
G

I
E D

A Bite block (10 pieces) REF 18 88 887

B Bite block rod (5 pieces) REF 18 88 895
C Bar for chin rest REF 59 61 461
D Chin pad REF 14 49 227
E Chin rest assembly, including A (5 pieces), B (1 REF 59 81 472
piece), C, D, protective sleeves for bite block (500
pieces), protective sleeves for chin rest and bar
(100 pieces), see "Hygienic protective sleeves"
[→ 44]
F Contact segment yellow for subnasal (5 pieces) REF 89 31 545
G Bite block yellow (5 pieces) REF 89 21 843
H Contact segment blue for subnasal (5 pieces) REF 89 31 552
I Bite block blue (5 pieces) REF 89 21 850

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Instructions for use Axeos 3.5 Spare parts and consumables

The drawer between the handles and the door in the movable stand are
provided for the storage of accessory parts and hygienic protective
sleeves.

3.5.1.2 3D bite block and spherical bite blocks

B
A

A 3D bite block (5 pieces) REF 61 34 949

B Lower jaw spherical bite block (with sym- REF 61 50 226
bol for LJ*) (1 piece)
C Upper jaw spherical bite block (with sym- REF 61 50 218
bol for UJ*) (1 piece)
D Spherical bite block plate with markers
for creating implant surgical guides
Available at the SICAT online shop
www.sicat.com

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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3 Unit description Dentsply Sirona
3.5 Spare parts and consumables Instructions for use Axeos

3.5.1.3 Universal and occlusal bite block

A A

B C

A Bite block foam, disposable (100 pcs.) REF 61 41 449

B Occlusal bite block REF 62 11 143

C Universal bite block REF 61 41 431

3.5.1.4 Temple supports, forehead support, and temporomandibular joint

supports

D
2
1
C
A

A Forehead support and temple supports (1 piece) REF 64 84 989

B Contact buttons for forehead and temple supports REF 64 85 010
(1 set)
C Temporomandibular joint support 1 for temporo- REF 64 84 997
mandibular joint exposures
D Temporomandibular joint support 2 for temporo- REF 64 85 002
mandibular joint exposures
E Contact buttons for temporomandibular joint sup- REF 59 90 648
ports (10 pieces)
F Earbuds for temporomandibular joint supports (10 REF 18 88 838
pieces)

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Instructions for use Axeos 3.5 Spare parts and consumables

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3.5 Spare parts and consumables Instructions for use Axeos

3.5.2 Hygienic protective sleeves

Identification of single use devices Prior to each exposure, the hygienic protective sleeves (single use
devices) must be fitted.
Single use devices are identified with the symbol shown on the left.
They must be disposed of immediately after use. Do not use single use
devices more than once.

3.5.2.1 Protective sleeves for the basic unit

A For bite block of chin rest, dimensions REF 33 14 072

43 x 21 mm (500 pieces)
B For bite blocks (500 pieces) REF 33 14 080
C For 3D bite block (500 pieces) REF 61 27 745

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Instructions for use Axeos 3.5 Spare parts and consumables

3.5.2.2 Protective sleeves for cephalometer

A Protective caps for earbuds, reusable devices (20 pieces)
REF 89 32 261

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3.5 Spare parts and consumables Instructions for use Axeos

3.5.3 Test phantom for acceptance/constancy test

Worldwide
Perform constancy tests according to the specifications for operating an
X-ray unit at regular intervals in order to ensure the safety of operating
staff and patients. Dentsply Sirona recommends monthly testing.

A C

50
40
30
20
B

C D

A Exposure phantom, complete, spare (for 2D test)

REF 59 85 416
B Constancy test phantom, spare (for 3D test)
REF 67 39 077
C Contrast element OP 2.0, complete, spare
REF 64 90 895
(not in the scope of delivery for all countries)
D Test phantom Ceph
REF 65 55 051
(not in the scope of delivery for all countries)

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Dentsply Sirona 3 Unit description
Instructions for use Axeos 3.5 Spare parts and consumables

Only for countries with acceptance and constancy testing in

accordance with DIN 6868
Perform constancy tests according to the specifications for operating an
X-ray unit at regular intervals in order to ensure the safety of operating
staff and patients. Dentsply Sirona recommends monthly testing.

A C

50
40
30
20
B

C D

A Exposure phantom, complete, spare (for 2D test)

REF 59 85 416
B Constancy test phantom, spare
(for 3D testing according to DIN 6868-161)
REF 67 39 101
C Contrast element OP 2.0 complete, spare
REF 64 90 895
D Test phantom Ceph
REF 65 55 051

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4 Installation and start-up Dentsply Sirona
4.1 Replacing accessories on the basic unit Instructions for use Axeos

4 Installation and start-up

NOTICE
Clean, disinfect and/or sterilize the medical device and accessories
prior to initial use and after each longer breaks in use.

Please also see the section: "Cleaning and care"

4.1 Replacing accessories on the basic unit

4.1.1 Replacing the bite block, contact segment, 3D bite block
or chin rest
You will need to replace accessory parts according to the patient or
exposure program.
1. Pull the accessories upwards and out of the holder.
Ä The accessory part disengages.
2. Insert the bite block, contact segment, 3D bite block or chin rest.
Ä The bite block, contact segment, 3D bite block or chin rest
engages in position.
Ä The accessory has been replaced.
The chin rest can be combined with the bite block rod or the bar.
➢ Insert the rod for the bite block or the bar into the chin rest from
above.

4.1.2 Using the occlusal bite block

The occlusal bite block can be used for all panoramic and 3D exposures
(except temporomandibular and sinus exposures) in place of the yellow
bite block or contact segment. The angle of the bite block plate is
transmitted to the X-ray unit. The displays on the touchscreen and the
color change of the height adjustment buttons for adjusting the unit
height and an automatic stop function assist the user in positioning the
patient. An interchangeable bite block foam is used as a bite block and
can also be used for patients without anterior teeth.
Bite block foam (disposable item), 100 pcs.
REF 61 41 449

Inserting the bite block foam

1. Insert the plug of the top section into the opening on the bite block
plate.
2. Fold the bite block foam downwards.
3. Place the lower section onto the plug of the top section.

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Dentsply Sirona 4 Installation and start-up
Instructions for use Axeos 4.1 Replacing accessories on the basic unit

Inserting the occlusal bite block

NOTICE
A contact for transmitting the angle to the X-ray system is located on
the occlusal bite block.
The contact can be broken off or bent during insertion, removal, and
storage.
➢ Be careful not to damage the contact.
➢ Prior to taking patient X-rays, check the function of the occlusal
bite block described in this section.

➢ Insert the occlusal bite block into the bite block holder on the unit.
Ä The head symbol on the touchscreen changes as soon as the
contact (A) is inserted into the unit; a blue arrow may appear,
indicating the direction in which the height needs to be
A adjusted. When the head is properly aligned, the blue arrows on
the head symbol disappear.

Ä The height adjustment buttons light up depending on the bite

block position.
Only one of the two buttons is blue at any time. The blue button
indicates the direction of movement of the stand required to
achieve the best possible patient positioning.
Both buttons become blue if the optimum position is achieved
and no further change to the height is necessary.
The height adjustment can be moved upwards and downwards
irrespective of the lighting of the buttons. The color of the button
is just a suggestion!

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4 Installation and start-up Dentsply Sirona
4.1 Replacing accessories on the basic unit Instructions for use Axeos

4.1.3 Using the universal bite block

IMPORTANT
Before every use, check that the color markings required for the
adjustment are clearly visible.

The universal bite block can replace all other bite blocks and contact
segments. An interchangeable bite block foam is used as a bite block
and can also be used for patients without anterior teeth.
Bite block foam (disposable item), 100 pcs.
REF 61 41 449

Inserting the bite block foam

1. Insert the plug of the top section into the opening on the bite block
plate.
2. Fold the bite block foam downwards.
3. Place the lower section onto the plug of the top section.

Adjusting the bite block height

The colored marking lines on the bite block slider are identical to the
colors of the bite blocks. These correspond to the same bite block
height.
The yellow marking is equivalent to the bite block height of the yellow
standard bite block or contact segment for the panoramic and bite wing
exposures: P1, P2, P10, P12, BW1 and BW2.
If the ramus of the mandible is not depicted in the exposure and parts of
the sinus region are not required, use the red marking.
The blue marking has the same meaning as the bite block height of the
blue bite block or contact segment for sinus exposures: S1, S3.
The green marking is for upper jaw exposures, where the alveolar ridge
of the patient's head is aligned horizontally to position the patient a little
lower in relation to the path of the rays.
The gray, black and white color markings offer further grid positions with
a position distance of 1 cm each in order to distinguish between the
yellow and blue color marking.

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Dentsply Sirona 4 Installation and start-up
Instructions for use Axeos 4.1 Replacing accessories on the basic unit

1. Insert the universal bite block into the unit.

B 2. Open the lock with the rotary knob (A).
3. Adjust the bite block slider (B) according to the desired bite block
height to one of the colored marking lines and lock this position in
place with the rotary knob (A).
A IMPORTANT
A For programs BW1 and BW2, the universal bite block must not be
used above the black marking. The positioning is otherwise too low.

4.1.4 Using spherical bite blocks and the spherical bite block
plate
Two spherical bite blocks are available for preparing an implant drilling
template for measuring scans of the upper or lower jaw.
1. Insert the spherical bite block for lower jaw exposures (A) (sphere
down) and the spherical bite block for upper jaw exposures (B)
(sphere up) in the unit.
C 2. Position the spherical bite block plate (C) onto the sphere of the
A corresponding spherical bite block.
The spherical bite block plate (C) made available by SICAT contains 6
radiopaque markers (spheres) that are used for orientation in the X-ray
B volume. Further applications can be set up on this spherical bite block
plate.

4.1.5 Changing the temple supports and temporomandibular

joint supports
For temporomandibular joint views, the temporomandibular joint
supports (A) "1" right and (C) "2" left must be inserted in place of the
temple supports (B).
ü Temple supports are inserted in the unit.
B
1. Press the respective locking button and remove the temple supports
B.
Ä Both temple supports are removed.
2. Plug an ear holder D into each of the temporomandibular joint
C supports A and C.
1
Ä The ear holders snap into the temporomandibular joint
A supports.
3. Insert temporomandibular joint supports A and C into the holders on
the device.
Ä The temporomandibular joint supports snap into place.
Ä The unit is converted for temporomandibular joint exposures.
D

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4 Installation and start-up Dentsply Sirona
4.2 Adjusting/inserting accessory parts on the cephalometer Instructions for use Axeos

4.2 Adjusting/inserting accessory parts on the

cephalometer
Adjusting the holder for ear plugs
1. Grasp the ear plug holders at the very top with both hands.
2. Simultaneously pull the holders apart or push them together.
Ä The ear plugs are inserted into the patient's outer ear canal.

Adjusting the nose support

1. Fold down the nose support.
2. Lightly press and hold latching button (A).
Ä The vertical adjustment is released.
3. Move the blue section of the nose support upwards or downwards.
4. Release latching button (A).
Ä The vertical adjustment of the nose support is latched in
position.

Inserting the carpus support plate

ü The holders for the ear plugs (C) stand in line with the sensor and
the secondary diaphragm.
1. Grasp the ear plug holders (C) at the very top with both hands.
Simultaneously twist the holders by 90 degrees.
Ä The nose support (B) is on the side facing away from the
carpus support plate (D).
A
2. Grasp the carpus support plate (D) by its sides.
3. Insert the carpus support plate into both holes (A) until it reaches a
stop.
Ä The carpus support plate (D) engages with a slight resistance.
D C B

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Dentsply Sirona 4 Installation and start-up
Instructions for use Axeos 4.3 Removing/inserting the Ceph sensor

4.3 Removing/inserting the Ceph sensor

The Ceph sensor must always be inserted in order for the unit to be
operated. However, should the Ceph sensor need to be removed,
please proceed as follows:

Removing the sensor

1. Hold the sensor firmly.
2. Press the button all the way in and hold it.
Ä The sensor is released from the fastening.
3. Pull the sensor downwards out of the guide.

Inserting the sensor

1. Hold the sensor firmly.
2. Using both guide pins, insert the sensor into the guide sleeves on
the unit and push until it reaches a stop.
Ä The sensor engages in the X-ray unit.

NOTICE
When the sensor is being removed, it could be damaged by impact or
if it is dropped.
The sensor contains an integrated vibration sensor to detect impacts
or falls. If the vibration sensor has triggered, guarantee claims
become void.
➢ Do not drop the sensor under any circumstances!

NOTICE
Electrostatic charges from persons are discharged on the unit.
This will destroy electrical components in the unit.
➢ Do not touch any electrical components or unprotected plug
contacts.
➢ Discharge yourself by touching a conductive grounded object.

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5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image Instructions for use Axeos

5 Operation
CAUTION
Increased exposure to X-rays due to non-observance of the
requirements for pediatric exposures.
The child or adolescent is positioned in the unit. The parameters of
the X-ray order do not correspond to the requirements for pediatric
exposures. The radiation exposure is too high for the child or
adolescent.
➢ Observe the notes provided in the instructions for pediatrics and
the exposure programs for children.

IMPORTANT
For best performance of the device, Dentsply Sirona recommends
switching on the device 30 minutes before the first exposure.

5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image

IMPORTANT
For best performance of the device, Dentsply Sirona recommends
switching on the device 30 minutes before the first exposure.

5.1.1 Switching the unit on and starting the software

5.1.1.1 Switching the unit on

CAUTION
Malfunctions can occur when the unit is switched on.
A patient positioned in the unit may be injured by moving parts.
➢ Ensure that a patient is not positioned in the unit when activating
the unit and selecting the operating mode (up until the completion
of sensor positioning).

NOTICE
Fluctuations in temperature can cause condensation to form in the
unit.
Electrical components are destroyed by short circuits.
➢ Do not switch the unit on until the temperature of the unit has
adapted to the ambient temperature and the condensation has
evaporated. Also see "Technical data".

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Instructions for use Axeos 5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image

ü The unit is properly installed.

A ü The unit is connected to the mains.
1. Turn the main switch A to position I.
2. Wait for one minute.
B
Ä The LED B lights up on the Easypad.
Ä The radiation indicator C and the height adjustment keys D light up
for approximately one second as a function check.
C Ä The home screen is displayed on the touchscreen for approximately
1 minute.
D Ä The program selection is then displayed on the touchscreen.
Ä The forehead support and temple supports are completely open.

NOTICE
The unit must not be switched on/off constantly.
Constant switching on and off reduces the service life of individual
unit components and results in increased power consumption.
➢ After switching the unit off, wait for approx. 60 seconds before
switching it on again.

NOTICE
The surface of the touchscreen is sensitive.
The touchscreen can be damaged or its surface scratched.
➢ Never use pointed objects such as ballpoint pens, pencils, etc. to
operate the touchscreen.
➢ Only use your fingertips to operate the touchscreen.

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5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image Instructions for use Axeos

5.1.1.2 Enabling exposure readiness in Sidexis 4

The procedures for starting Sidexis 4, for registering a patient, and for
selecting the "Exposure" work phase can be found in the technical
document "Sidexis 4 Operator´s Manual" (REF 64 47 028).
ü Sidexis 4 must be started.
ü A patient must be registered.
ü The "Exposure" work phase must be selected.

1. Select the X-ray unit for the exposure.

Ä The "Prepare exposure" dialog box appears.
2. Enter the indication for the exposure in the input field "Indication".
3. Activate or deactivate the check box "Patient pregnant".
4. Click on the "Start acquisition" button.
Ä Sidexis 4 makes the unit ready for exposure.

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Display of patient information

The "Patient information" dialog is displayed on the user interface of the
unit after exposure readiness is activated in Sidexis 4. Depending on
the configuration (either in Sidexis 4 or in the service routines of the
unit), the name, date of birth and card-index number of the patient are
displayed along with the set exposure parameters and the selected
program.
The display of patient information before every exposure can enabled or
disabled by the service technician.
The factory setting is enabled.
In order to use the "Presetting of the unit height", the display of patient
information must be enabled.
The display of patient information can be exited by tapping on the arrow
on the user interface.

Presetting of the unit height

Starting from the second X-ray image, a patient-based presetting of the
unit height can be made for the same patient before positioning the
patient in the unit.
ü The dialog for display of patient information must be enabled.
A
ü Sidexis 4 is ready for exposure.
ü If a presetting exists for this patient due to an earlier exposure, this
is indicated by a green flashing height adjustment button.
1. Press the flashing height adjustment button until the adjustment
process of the unit height is independently completed by the unit
and both height adjustment buttons light up permanently green (A)
Ä Presetting of the unit height is then complete.
2. Tap on the arrow shown on the user interface to exit the display of
patient information and the presetting of the unit height.

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5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image Instructions for use Axeos

5.1.2 Selecting an exposure program

5.1.2.1 Panoramic and bite wing exposure
5.1.2.1.1 Program descriptions
5.1.2.1.1.1 P1 – Panoramic exposure
The exposure displays the full tooth region with ascending rami.
The nominal size P1 is L26.3 cm x H13.5 cm.

P1 A – Panoramic exposure, artifact-reduced

The exposure can be taken in an artifact-reduced format to avoid
artifacts in the condylar and molar regions, and to reduce shadowing by
the opposite jaw.

P1 C – Panoramic exposure, constant 1.25x magnification

The exposure can be taken at a constant magnification of 1.25x, for
example, for implantology.

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5.1.2.1.1.2 P2 – Panoramic exposure, without ascending rami

The exposure represents a reduced tooth region without ascending
rami.

P2 A - Artifact-reduced panoramic exposure without ascending rami

The exposure can also be taken in an artifact-reduced format to avoid
artifacts in the condylar and molar regions and to reduce shadowing by
the opposite jaw.

P2 C - Panoramic exposure without ascending rami at a constant

magnification of 1.25x
The exposure can be taken at a constant magnification of 1.25x, for
example, for implantology.

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5.1.2.1.1.3 P10 – Panoramic exposure for children

The exposure represents a reduced tooth region without ascending
rami. For this exposure the radiation dose is considerably reduced.

P10 A - Artifact-reduced panoramic exposure for children, without

ascending rami
The exposure can also be taken in an artifact-reduced format to avoid
artifacts in the condylar and molar regions and to reduce shadowing by
the opposite jaw. For this exposure the radiation dose is considerably
reduced.

P10 C - Panoramic exposure for children, without ascending rami at

a constant magnification of 1.25x
The exposure can be taken at a constant magnification of 1.25x, for
example, for implantology. For this exposure the radiation dose is
considerably reduced.
5.1.2.1.1.4 P12 – Thick slice, anterior tooth region
The exposure shows the anterior tooth region with a larger slice
thickness, e.g. for implantology.
The image section can be selected for upper jaw (UJ) / lower jaw (LJ).

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5.1.2.1.1.5 BW1 – Bite wing exposure in the posterior tooth region

The exposure displays the posterior tooth regions with an image height
restricted to the bite wing and an optimized projection.

5.1.2.1.1.6 BW2 – Bitewing exposure in the anterior tooth region

The exposure displays the anterior tooth regions with an image height
restricted to the bite wing and an optimized projection.

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5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image Instructions for use Axeos

5.1.2.1.2 Preparing the exposure

Depending on the patient or the exposure program, accessory parts
must be replaced and the appropriate exposure mode must be selected;
see "Installation and start-up" [→ 48].
You will require the following accessories:
● Chin rest with bite block rod or bar or
yellow bite block or contact segment or
universal bite block or occlusal bite block.

CAUTION
The chin rest must not be used for children when using programs
BW1 and BW2. The positioning is otherwise too low.
For programs BW1 and BW2, the universal bite block must not be
used above the black marking. The positioning is otherwise too low.

● Temple supports
● Forehead support
➢ Insert the accessory parts to be used into the unit and pull on the
relevant hygienic protective sleeves, see "Hygienic protective
sleeves" [→ 44].
➢ Switch SIDEXIS to a ready-for-exposure state; see ‘Switch SIDEXIS
to ready-for-exposure state’.

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5.1.2.1.3 Selecting an exposure program

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

ü The unit is switched on and ready for exposure.

1. Touch the Pan symbol at the top of the touchscreen.
Ä The Pan program group is selected.
2. Select an exposure program. Touch the arrow keys + (C) and - (A).
If a subroutine, e.g. artifact-reduced or 1.25x magnification, is
available for this program, the program display is grayed out. Touch
the program display (B) several times. All subroutines of the
selected program are displayed one by one.
3. Follow the instructions in the comment line on the touchscreen. If
required, press the R key to move the unit back to the starting
position.
Ä The diaphragm and the sensor move into the starting position.
Ä The exposure program is selected.

NOTICE
We would like to point out that the PAN/3D sensor rotation unit may
not be rotated manually.
The PAN/3D sensor unit is rotated via a motor drive.
The gearing of the sensor unit can be damaged if it is turned by hand.
➢ Press the R key to rotate the sensor unit back to the starting
position via the motor drive. The sensor unit is always rotated in
combination with the entire main rotation unit. Depending on the
program group selected, it is moved to the corresponding starting
position for panoramic, Ceph, or 3D exposures.
➢ If you need to change the position of the main rotation unit, touch
only the tube assembly unit.

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5.1 Acquiring the X-ray image Instructions for use Axeos

5.1.2.1.4 Setting quadrants

The exposure can be restricted to quadrants. You can select a half-view
of the right or left jaw in programs P1, P2, P10 and BW1, or upper jaw/
lower jaw in programs P1, P2, P10 and P12. In P1, P2, P10, also for
constant magnification and artifact-reduced view.
ü Level 1 (X-raying of patients) is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Press the quadrant symbol A on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.
2. Select the desired quadrants. See the figure below. Quadrants can
be selected as half-views or individually. Touch the quadrant field in
the center to reactivate the full view.
Ä The selected quadrants are emphasized or the non-selected
ones are grayed out.

3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.

or
➢ Touch the quadrant symbol A again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The quadrant or quadrants are set.

IMPORTANT
The program duration for individual quadrant exposures corresponds
to the program duration for half-view exposures.

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5.1.2.1.5 Adjusting the Quickshot function

ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the Quickshot display A on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Press the Quick On or Quick Off symbols on the touchscreen.

Ä The selection is highlighted orange in the submenu line.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the Quick symbol A again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The Quickshot function is set.

5.1.2.1.6 Setting the temple width

The set temple support width changes the radiation time slightly.
The slice width for different dental arches is automatically selected in
P1, P2, P10 and their subprograms.

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5.1.2.1.7 Setting the kV/mA values

Setting the kV/mA values via the patient symbols

Preset kV/mA combinations are assigned to the patient symbols, which
are selected according to the patient's size and weight. The symbols
roughly correspond to child, youth/woman, woman/man, hefty persons.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
➢ Touch the required patient symbol.
Ä The selection A is highlighted in orange. The selected kV/mA
value is displayed on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

Setting the kV/mA values via the submenu line

If the preset kV/mA combinations do not provide a satisfactory result,
you can also set the kV/mA values manually in all programs.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Select a kV/mA value. Touch the - or + keys.

Ä The selected kV/mA value is displayed.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

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5.1.2.1.8 Positioning the patient

The patient is positioned on the unit while standing. Positioning in the
seat is also possible without issue.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to collision with the unit.
The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate vicinity of
the unit during height adjustment. Height adjustment is canceled too
late or not at all. The unit collides with the patient.
➢ Monitor the patient and the movement of the unit during height
adjustment.
➢ During patient positioning, press the keys only briefly to make
minor corrections.
➢ Release the key immediately in the event of unwanted contact of
the unit with the patient.

CAUTION
Irritation of eyes from laser light.
Patients and users can be blinded by the laser light localizer.
➢ Before switching the laser light localizers on, the patient must be
instructed to shut their eyes.
➢ Do not stare directly into the laser beam. Make sure that the laser
beam does not meet the eyes of the patient.
➢ A distance of at least 10 cm must be maintained between the eye
and the laser.

CAUTION
The image quality is low due to artifacts.
Radiation exposure despite limited or no diagnostic benefit.
➢ Ask the patient to take off all metallic objects such as glasses and
jewelry in the head and neck area as well as all removable dental
prostheses. The tray in front of the control mirror is used for
depositing jewelry.

Tip: Reference values are shown for the height and forehead support
settings, which are saved for further exposures in the additional
information area of the SIDEXIS software.

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5.1.2.1.8.1 Positioning with an occlusal bite block

The occlusal bite block sets the inclination according to the occlusal
plane by default. This results in fewer overlaps in the anterior tooth and
upper jaw area.
If required, the service engineer can adjust the angle to the Frankfort
horizontal plane in order to preset the Frankfort horizontal plane (see
Service Manual).
ü The occlusal bite block with foam bite block is inserted in the unit.
Blue arrows appear on the touchscreen.
ü The forehead support and temple supports are inserted in the unit.
The hygienic protective sleeves are pulled on.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up (A) and down (B) buttons. The
A height adjustment buttons are illuminated and show the direction in
which the unit is to be moved by a blue arrow.
CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the button until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by a beep.
B Release the height adjustment buttons once the bite block plate and
the patient's anterior teeth are at the same height.
3. Guide the patient to the unit and instruct them to hold the handles
with both hands.
4. Instruct the patient to bite into the grooves of the bite block foam
with the teeth.
Ä If necessary, push the lower anterior teeth forwards until they
reach a stop.

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5. Check the position of the patient’s spine.

Ä Ensure that the patient’s spine is slightly inclined, as shown in
the diagram.
Tip: To achieve the correct positioning of the spine, ask the
patient to take a small step towards the column of the unit. The
patient’s cervical vertebrae are thus stretched. This prevents
shadowing of the anterior tooth region on the X-ray.

6. Use the blue arrows on the touchscreen to align the patient’s head
inclination until the desired position is reached. Instruct the patient
to let their head rest.
If the blue arrow on the touchscreen points up, press the height
adjustment up button (A).
CAUTION! If no change in the angle of the bite block plate is
detected within approx. 3 seconds, the height adjustment motor
runs at a higher speed.

7. If the blue arrow points downwards, press the down button (B).
Ä The inclination of the patient’s head changes according to the
height of the unit. While the angle of the bite block plate is being
changed, the unit height can only be adjusted at a very slow
speed.
Ä The blue arrow on the head symbol indicates how far the unit
height must be moved until the nominal position for head
inclination is reached. The inclination of the displayed head
symbol also changes accordingly.
Ä Once the desired position is reached, the movement stops
automatically and a beep is sounded by the user interface.

8. Switch on the light localizer. CAUTION! Risk of dazzle

Ä Two red laser lines reflect on the patient’s head. To switch off
the light localizer, press the key again. It switches off
automatically after approx. 100 seconds.

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9. Align the patient with the central laser line (G).

Ä The laser line reflects in the center of the patient’s anterior teeth
or face (mid-sagittal). The head inclination has already been
already set using the occlusal bite block and the laser line (E)
G can be ignored.

10. Press the temple support adjustment key (I).

Ä When the temple supports touch the patient’s head, they stop
automatically.
11. Press the forehead support adjustment key (H) until the forehead
support comes in contact with the patient.
Ä When the forehead support touches the patient's head, it stops
automatically.
Make sure that the patient's head does not move backwards
after contacting the forehead support.
12. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
his mouth, and hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.
If the occlusal bite block remains inserted in the bite block holder after
H I the exposure is complete and you select an exposure program that is
not intended for the use of the occlusal bite block, the help message
"H307 - Change bite block " will appear in the comment line. Insert the
bite block or contact segment required for this exposure. The help
message disappears as soon as the occlusal bite block is removed.

IMPORTANT
In P1, P2, P10, the slice width is selected automatically for different
dental arches with the temple support setting, and the radiation time
is also changed slightly through this in accordance with the temple
support width which is set.

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5.1.2.1.8.2 Positioning with chin rest and rod for bite block
ü The chin rest and bite block segment, as well forehead support and
temple supports are inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up A and down B buttons.

A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the button until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by a beep.
Release the height adjustment buttons once the patient's chin and
the chin rest on the unit are at the same height.
B
3. Turn the bite block away from the patient.
Ä The bite block is pointing towards the control mirror.
4. Instruct the patient to place his chin on the chin rest and place both
hands on the hand grips.
5. Turn the bite block towards the patient and instruct him to bite on
the bite block.
Ä The patient's anterior teeth are positioned in the indentation in
the bite block. If necessary, push the lower anterior teeth
forwards until they reach a stop.

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6. Check the patient's occlusal plane C. Adjust the unit height using
A the up A and down B buttons.
Ä The occlusal plane is slightly inclined toward the front.

C B

7. Check the position of the patient’s spine.

Ä Ensure that the patient’s spine is slightly inclined, as shown in
the diagram.
Tip: To achieve the correct positioning of the spine, ask the
patient to take a small step towards the column of the unit. The
patient’s cervical vertebrae are thus stretched. This prevents
shadowing of the anterior tooth region on the X-ray.
8. Swivel the control mirror outwards. Press the left recess on the
touchbar D.
Ä You can see the patient in the control mirror.

9. Switch on the light localizer. CAUTION! Risk of dazzle

Ä Two red laser lines reflect on the patient’s head. To switch off
the light localizer, press the key again. It switches off
automatically after approx. 100 seconds.

10. Align the patient with the central laser line G.

Ä The laser line reflects in the center of the patient's anterior teeth
or face (mid-sagittal).

F G

E
D

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11. Align the patient's head according to the Frankfort horizontal plane
A E E.
Tip: The Frankfort horizontal plane is used as a reference plane. It
runs between the upper edge of the ear canal and the lowest point
of the lower edge of the eye socket.
12. Adjust the height of the light localizer using the slider F.
Ä The laser line reflects on the upper edge of the outer ear canal.
13. Correct the patient's head inclination as necessary. Briefly tap on
the up A and down B height adjustment buttons.
Ä The laser line reflects on the lowest point of the lower edge of
C B the eye socket.

14. Press the desired temple support adjustment key I.

Ä When the temple supports touch the patient’s head, they stop
automatically.
15. Press the desired forehead support adjustment key H.
Ä When the forehead support touches the patient's head, it stops
automatically.
Make sure that the patient's head does not move backwards
after contacting the forehead support.
16. Check the patient's position and make any final corrections as
necessary.
17. Swivel the control mirror back into place. Press the right recess on
the touchbar D.
Ä The patient can see himself in the control mirror.
18. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
H I his mouth, and hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.

IMPORTANT
In P1, P2, P10, the slice width is selected automatically for different
dental arches with the temple support setting, and the radiation time
is also changed slightly through this in accordance with the temple
support width which is set.

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5.1.2.1.8.3 Positioning with chin rest and bar

ü The patient has no or only a few anterior teeth.
ü The chin support and bar, and the forehead support and temple
supports are inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Instruct the patient to place his chin on the chin rest and place both
hands on the hand grips.
2. Instruct the patient to place his subnasale (the base of his nose)
against the bar. If the patient's lower jaw contains anterior teeth,
place the bar between his chin and his lower lip.
3. Place a cotton roll between the patient's upper and lower jaw.
Ä The patient's upper and lower jaw are aligned.
4. Proceed as described under "Positioning with chin rest and rod for
bite block" from step 6.
5.1.2.1.8.4 Positioning with bite block
ü The yellow bite block, forehead support and temple supports are
inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Instruct the patient to hold the handles with both hands and bite into
the bite block.
Ä The patient's anterior teeth are positioned in the indentation in
the bite block. If necessary, push the lower anterior teeth
forwards until they reach a stop.
2. Proceed as described under "Positioning with chin rest and rod for
bite block" from step 6.

5.1.2.1.8.5 Positioning with contact segment

ü The patient has no or only a few anterior teeth.
ü The yellow contact segment, forehead support and temple supports
are inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Instruct the patient to hold the handles with both hands and place
his subnasale (the base of his nose) against the contact segment.
2. Place a cotton roll between the patient's upper and lower jaw.
Ä The patient's upper and lower jaw are aligned.
3. Proceed as described under "Positioning with chin rest and rod for
bite block" from step 6.

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5.1.2.2 Temporomandibular joint exposure

5.1.2.2.1 Program descriptions

IMPORTANT
Note the information on the two-part exposure programs in the
"Releasing the exposure" chapter, see “Two-part exposure programs
[→ 130]“.

5.1.2.2.1.1 TM1.1 / TM1.2 – Lateral view of temporomandibular joints with

mouth open and closed
(Two-part exposure program)
This exposure displays the temporomandibular joints from a lateral
aspect with the mouth open and closed and provides 4 views in one
0° – 15° 15° – 0° image.
This program enables angle preselection (0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°) for the
temporomandibular joint area.

5.1.2.2.1.2 TM3 – Temporomandibular joints lateral, ascending rami

The exposure shows a lateral projection of the temporomandibular
joints with ascending rami, with 2 views in one image.

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5.1.2.2.2 Preparing the exposure

Depending on the patient or the exposure program, accessory parts
must be replaced and the appropriate exposure mode must be selected;
see "Installation and start-up" [→ 48].
You will require the following accessories:
● Temporomandibular joint supports with ear holders
● Forehead support
➢ Insert the accessory parts to be used into the unit and pull on the
relevant hygienic protective sleeves, see "Hygienic protective
sleeves" [→ 44].
➢ Switch SIDEXIS to a ready-for-exposure state; see ‘Switch SIDEXIS
to ready-for-exposure state’.
5.1.2.2.3 Selecting an exposure program

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

ü The unit is switched on and ready for exposure.

1. Touch the Pan symbol at the top of the touchscreen.
Ä The Pan program group is selected.
2. Select the exposure program. Touch the arrow keys + (C) and - (A).
Ä The exposure program is displayed in the program display (B).
3. Follow the instructions in the comment line on the touchscreen.
Press the R key if necessary.
Ä The diaphragm and the sensor move into the starting position.
Ä The exposure program is selected.

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5.1.2.2.4 Adjusting the angle preselection

In the TM1 exposure program, angle (0°, 5°, 10° and 15°) can be preset
for the temporomandibular joint area. This can be helpful if more
0° – 15° 15° – 0°
detailed analyses of the temporomandibular joint are necessary, but the
standard projections (0°) do not provide an optimal image.
The figure shows the direction in which the slice orientation is being
swiveled during angle preselection.

TM1
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the angle preselection symbol (A) on the right side of the
touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Select the corresponding angle preselection.

Ä The selection is highlighted orange in the submenu line. The
selected angle preselection is displayed on the right side of the
touchscreen.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the angle preselection symbol (A) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The angle preselection is set.

IMPORTANT
When you confirm the exposure with the R key, the angle setting that
was changed in the submenu line will automatically be reset to the
default setting of 0°.

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5.1.2.2.5 Setting the kV/mA values

Setting the kV/mA values via the patient symbols

Preset kV/mA combinations are assigned to the patient symbols, which
are selected according to the patient's size and weight. The symbols
roughly correspond to child, youth/woman, woman/man, hefty persons.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
➢ Touch the required patient symbol.
Ä The selection A is highlighted in orange. The selected kV/mA
value is displayed on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

Setting the kV/mA values via the submenu line

If the preset kV/mA combinations do not provide a satisfactory result,
you can also set the kV/mA values manually in all programs.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Select a kV/mA value. Touch the - or + keys.

Ä The selected kV/mA value is displayed.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

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5.1.2.2.6 Positioning the patient

The patient is positioned on the unit while standing. Positioning in the
seat is also possible without issue.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to collision with the unit.
The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate vicinity of
the unit during height adjustment. Height adjustment is canceled too
late or not at all. The unit collides with the patient.
➢ Monitor the patient and the movement of the unit during height
adjustment.
➢ During patient positioning, press the keys only briefly to make
minor corrections.
➢ Release the key immediately in the event of unwanted contact of
the unit with the patient.

CAUTION
Irritation of eyes from laser light.
Patients and users can be blinded by the laser light localizer.
➢ Before switching the laser light localizers on, the patient must be
instructed to shut their eyes.
➢ Do not stare directly into the laser beam. Make sure that the laser
beam does not meet the eyes of the patient.
➢ A distance of at least 10 cm must be maintained between the eye
and the laser.

CAUTION
The image quality is low due to artifacts.
Radiation exposure despite limited or no diagnostic benefit.
➢ Ask the patient to take off all metallic objects such as glasses and
jewelry in the head and neck area as well as all removable dental
prostheses. The tray in front of the control mirror is used for
depositing jewelry.

Tip: Reference values are shown for the height and forehead support
settings, which are saved for further exposures in the additional
information area of the SIDEXIS software.

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5.1.2.2.6.1 Positioning for a lateral temporomandibular joint exposure

ü The forehead support and temporomandibular joint supports with
ear holders are plugged into the unit (1 right, 2 left, see "Changing
the temple supports and temporomandibular joint supports".
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are put on the accessories.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up (A) and down (B) keys.
A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the key until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by an acoustic signal.
Release the height-adjustment keys once the ear holders of the
temporomandibular joint supports are at the same height as that of
B the patient's ears.
3. Instruct the patient to position himself between the
temporomandibular joint supports and hold the handles with both
hands.
4. Close the temporomandibular joint supports (J) and (K). Press the
J K desired key (I).
Ä The temporomandibular joint supports stop automatically when
they come into contact with the patient's head. The patient is
stabilized at the unit by the ear olives.
5. Swivel the control mirror outwards. Press the left recess on the
touchbar (D).
1
Ä You can see the patient in the control mirror.

I
6. Switch on the light localizer. CAUTION! Risk of glare
Ä Two red laser lines reflect on the patient’s head. To switch off
the light localizer, press the key again. It switches off
automatically after approx. 100 seconds.

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7. Align the patient with the central laser line (G).

Ä The laser line reflects in the center of the patient's front teeth or
face (mid-sagittal plane).
F
G

E
D

8. Align the patient's head according to the Frankfort horizontal plane

A E (E).
9. Adjust the height of the light localizer using the slider (F).
Ä The laser line reflects on the upper edge of the outer ear canal.
10. Correct the patient's head tilt as necessary. Briefly tap on the up (A)
and down (B) height adjustment keys.
Ä The laser line reflects on the lowest point of the lower edge of
the eye socket.

B
11. Press the desired forehead support adjustment key (H).
Ä The forehead supports stop moving automatically when they
come into contact with the patient's forehead.
Ensure that the patient's head does not move backward after
contact with forehead support.
1
12. Check the patient's position and make any final corrections as
necessary.
13. Swivel the control mirror back into place by pressing the right
recess on the touchbar (D).
Ä The patient can see himself or herself in the control mirror.
14. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
his mouth, and hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.

H IMPORTANT
Note the information on the two-part exposure programs in the
"Releasing the exposure" chapter, see “Two-part exposure programs
[→ 130]“.

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5.1.2.3 Sinus view

5.1.2.3.1 Program descriptions
5.1.2.3.1.1 S1 – Paranasal sinuses
This exposure shows the paranasal sinuses e.g. for the diagnosis of
orbital floor fractures.

5.1.2.3.1.2 S3 – Paranasal sinuses, linear slice orientation

This exposure shows the paranasal sinuses e.g. for the diagnosis of
orbital floor fractures. The section has a linear orientation.

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5.1.2.3.2 Preparing the exposure

Depending on the patient or the exposure program, accessory parts
must be replaced and the appropriate exposure mode must be selected;
see "Installation and start-up" [→ 48].
You will require the following accessories:
● Blue bite block or contact segment
● Temporomandibular joint supports with contact pads
● Forehead support
➢ Insert the accessory parts to be used into the unit and pull on the
relevant hygienic protective sleeves, see "Hygienic protective
sleeves" [→ 44].
➢ Switch SIDEXIS to a ready-for-exposure state; see ‘Switch SIDEXIS
to ready-for-exposure state’.
5.1.2.3.3 Selecting an exposure program

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

ü The unit is switched on and ready for exposure.

1. Touch the Pan symbol at the top of the touchscreen.
Ä The Pan program group is selected.
2. Select the exposure program. Touch the arrow keys + (C) and - (A).
Ä The exposure program is displayed in the program display (B).
3. Follow the instructions in the comment line on the touchscreen.
Press the R key if necessary.
Ä The diaphragm and the sensor move into the starting position.
Ä The exposure program is selected.

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5.1.2.3.4 Setting the kV/mA values

Setting the kV/mA values via the patient symbols

Preset kV/mA combinations are assigned to the patient symbols, which
are selected according to the patient's size and weight. The symbols
roughly correspond to child, youth/woman, woman/man, hefty persons.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
➢ Touch the required patient symbol.
Ä The selection A is highlighted in orange. The selected kV/mA
value is displayed on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

Setting the kV/mA values via the submenu line

If the preset kV/mA combinations do not provide a satisfactory result,
you can also set the kV/mA values manually in all programs.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Select a kV/mA value. Touch the - or + keys.

Ä The selected kV/mA value is displayed.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

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5.1.2.3.5 Positioning the patient

The patient is positioned on the unit while standing. Positioning in the
seat is also possible without issue.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to collision with the unit.
The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate vicinity of
the unit during height adjustment. Height adjustment is canceled too
late or not at all. The unit collides with the patient.
➢ Monitor the patient and the movement of the unit during height
adjustment.
➢ During patient positioning, press the keys only briefly to make
minor corrections.
➢ Release the key immediately in the event of unwanted contact of
the unit with the patient.

CAUTION
Irritation of eyes from laser light.
Patients and users can be blinded by the laser light localizer.
➢ Before switching the laser light localizers on, the patient must be
instructed to shut their eyes.
➢ Do not stare directly into the laser beam. Make sure that the laser
beam does not meet the eyes of the patient.
➢ A distance of at least 10 cm must be maintained between the eye
and the laser.

CAUTION
The image quality is low due to artifacts.
Radiation exposure despite limited or no diagnostic benefit.
➢ Ask the patient to take off all metallic objects such as glasses and
jewelry in the head and neck area as well as all removable dental
prostheses. The tray in front of the control mirror is used for
depositing jewelry.

Tip: Reference values are shown for the height and forehead support
settings, which are saved for further exposures in the additional
information area of the SIDEXIS software.

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5.1.2.3.5.1 Positioning for paranasal sinus exposures

ü The blue contact segment and the temporomandibular joint
supports with contact pads are inserted into the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up (A) and down (B) keys.
A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the button until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by a beep.
Release the height-adjustment buttons once the contact pads of the
temporomandibular joint supports are located above the patient's
B ears.
3. Instruct the patient to position himself between the
temporomandibular joint supports and hold the handles with both
hands.
4. Instruct the patient to place his subnasale (the base of his nose)
against the contact segment and tilt his head backwards as far as
possible.
Ä The patient's head is reclined as far as possible.

5. Close the temporomandibular joint supports with the key (C).

Ä The temporomandibular joint supports stop automatically when
they come into contact with the patient's head. The patient is
fixed to the unit by the contact pads.
6. Check the patient's position and make any final corrections as
necessary.
C 7. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
his mouth, and to hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.

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5.1.2.3.5.2 Positioning for maxillary sinus exposures using the bite block
ü The blue bite block, the forehead support and temple supports are
inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up A and down B buttons.

A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the button until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by a beep.
Release the height-adjustment buttons once the bite block is at the
same height as that of the patient's anterior teeth.
B
3. Instruct the patient to hold the handles with both hands and bite into
the bite block.
Ä The patient's anterior teeth are positioned in the indentation in
the bite block. If necessary, push the lower anterior teeth
forwards until they reach a stop.
4. Check the patient's occlusal plane C. Adjust the unit height using
A the up A and down B buttons.
Ä The occlusal plane is slightly inclined toward the front.

C B

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5. Check the position of the patient’s spine.

Ä Ensure that the patient’s spine is slightly inclined, as shown in
the diagram.
Tip: To achieve the correct positioning of the spine, ask the
patient to take a small step towards the column of the unit. The
patient’s cervical vertebrae are thus stretched. This prevents
shadowing of the anterior tooth region on the X-ray.
6. Swivel the control mirror outwards. Press the left recess on the
touchbar D.
Ä You can see the patient in the control mirror.

7. Switch on the light localizer. CAUTION! Risk of dazzle

Ä Two red laser lines reflect on the patient’s head. To switch off
the light localizer, press the key again. It switches off
automatically after approx. 100 seconds.

8. Align the patient with the central laser line G.

Ä The laser line reflects in the center of the patient’s anterior teeth
or face (mid-sagittal).

G
F
E
D

9. Align the patient's head according to the Frankfort horizontal plane

A E E
10. Adjust the height of the light localizer using the slider F.
Ä The laser line reflects on the upper edge of the outer ear canal.
11. Correct the patient's head inclination as necessary. Briefly tap on
the up A and down B height adjustment buttons.
Ä The laser line reflects on the lowest point of the lower edge of
the eye socket.

C B

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12. Press the desired temple support adjustment key I.

Ä When the temple supports touch the patient’s head, they stop
automatically.
13. Press the desired forehead support adjustment key H.
Ä When the forehead support touches the patient's head, it stops
automatically.
Make sure that the patient's head does not move backwards
after contacting the forehead support.
14. Check the patient's position and make any final corrections as
necessary.
15. Swivel the control mirror back into place. Press the right recess on
the touchbar D.
Ä The patient can see himself in the control mirror.
H I 16. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
his mouth, and hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.
5.1.2.3.5.3 Positioning for maxillary sinus exposures using the contact segment
ü The patient has no or only a few anterior teeth.
ü The blue contact segment is inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Instruct the patient to hold the handles with both hands and place
his subnasale (the base of his nose) against the contact segment.
2. Place a cotton roll between the patient's upper and lower jaw.
Ä The patient's upper and lower jaw are aligned.
3. Proceed as described under “Positioning for maxillary sinus
exposures using the bite block [→ 87]“ from step 4.

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5.1.2.4 Volume exposures

5.1.2.4.1 Program description
With the Axeos Imaging System, volume exposures can be made using
cone-beam technology. This enables the diagnosis of cross-sections in
the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes.
5.1.2.4.1.1 VOL1 HD / VOL1 SD / VOL1 Low
The Easypad can be used to select one of the five volume regions:
● Anterior tooth region
● Right/left molar region
● Right/left temporomandibular joint area
The volume range on the object / field of view (FoV) corresponds to a
cylinder with a diameter of approx. 8 cm and a height of approx. 8 cm.
For dose reduction, the volume for upper/lower jaw exposures can be
collimated to approx. 5.5 cm.
SD mode (standard definition mode):
Standard mode for producing a volume exposure
HD mode (High Definition mode):
Four times more single projections are generated in HD mode than in
SD mode and are used for finer reconstructed image quality. This can
reduce typical CBCT/conebeam artifacts.
Please take into account the higher patient dose.
Low Dose mode:
The effective dose for the patient is reduced significantly in Low Dose
mode.

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VOL1 (∅ 8 cm x 8 cm)
Please note that blurring can occur in the marginal area of the cylinder.
Objects are nevertheless represented in the maximum possible image
quality.

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5.1.2.4.1.2 VOL2 HD / VOL2 SD / VOL2 Low

The Easypad can be used to select one of the five volume regions:
● Upper jaw or lower jaw anterior tooth region
● Left/right, upper/lower premolar or molar region

The volume range on the object / field of view (FoV) corresponds to a

cylinder with a diameter of approx. 5 cm and a height of approx. 5.5 cm.
A smaller volume reduces the patient dose.
SD mode (standard definition mode):
Standard mode for producing a volume exposure
HD mode (High Definition mode):
Four times more single projections are generated in HD mode than in
SD mode and are used for finer reconstructed image quality. This can
reduce typical CBCT/conebeam artifacts.
HD mode offers a voxel resolution of 80µm for VOL2.
Please be aware of the higher patient dose.
Low Dose mode:
The effective dose for the patient is reduced significantly in Low Dose
mode.

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VOL2 (∅ 5 cm x 5.5 cm)

Please note that blurring can occur in the marginal area of the cylinder.
Objects are nevertheless represented in the maximum possible image
quality.

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5.1.2.4.1.3 VOL3 HD / VOL3 SD / VOL3 Low

The Easypad can be used to select the VOL3 volume region:
● Anterior tooth and molar regions
The volume region on the object / field of view (FoV) corresponds to a
cylinder with a diameter of approx. 11 cm and a height of
approx. 10 cm. For dose reduction, the height of the volume can be
collimated for upper jaw exposures to approx. 7.5 cm and, by selecting
the lower quadrants, to approx. 8.0 cm.
SD mode (standard definition mode):
Standard mode for producing a volume exposure.
HD mode (High Definition mode):
Four times more single projections are generated in HD mode than in
SD mode and are used for finer reconstructed image quality. This can
reduce typical CBCT/conebeam artifacts.
Please take into account the higher patient dose.
Low Dose mode:
The effective dose for the patient is reduced significantly in Low Dose
mode.

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VOL3 (∅ 11 cm x 10 cm)
Please note that blurring can occur in the marginal area of the cylinder.
Objects are nevertheless represented in the maximum possible image
quality.

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5.1.2.4.1.4 VOL4 HD / VOL4 SD / VOL4 Low

The Easypad can be used to select the VOL4 volume regions:
● Front tooth and molar areas including temporomandibular joints
(without height collimation)
The volume region on the object / field of view (FoV) corresponds to a
cylinder with a diameter of approx. 17 cm and a height of approx. 13
cm. For dose reduction, the height of the volume can be collimated for
the lower region of the face to 10 cm and for the upper region of the
face to approx. 7.5 cm.
DS mode (Standard Definition mode):
Standard mode for producing a volume exposure.
HD mode (High Definition mode):
Four times more single projections are generated in HD mode than in
SD mode and are used for finer reconstructed image quality.
This can reduce typical CBCT/cone beam artifacts.
Please take into account the higher patient dose.
Low Dose mode:
The effective dose for the patient is reduced significantly in Low Dose
mode.

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VOL4 (diam. 17 cm x 13 cm)

Please note that blurring can occur in the marginal area of the cylinder.
Objects are nevertheless represented in the maximum possible image
quality.

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5.1.2.4.1.5 Low Dose exposure mode VOL1 Low, VOL2 Low, VOL3 Low und
VOL4 Low
The Low Dose exposure mode can be selected for all volume sizes
(VOL1, VOL2, VOL3, VOL4) and collimations.
Only the centers of rotation for temporomandibular joint exposures for
the VOL1 volume region are excluded (for setting of the volume regions
and the collimation, refer to chapter "Adjusting the volume area and
collimation").
Low Dose mode:
The effective dose for the patient is reduced significantly in Low Dose
mode.

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5.1.2.4.2 Preparing the exposure

You will need to replace accessory parts according to the patient or
exposure program.
In general, exposures of all volume areas can be made with the 3D bite
block, the yellow bite block or the universal bite block. The 3D bite block
or universal bite block is recommended for volume exposures. If it is not
possible to work with these bite blocks, another possibility is to use the
chin rest with the bite block rod or bar.
While positioning the patient, the volume area is shown on the patient's
head with the light localizer. If it then becomes apparent that the desired
exposure area is located outside of the limits or in the immediate vicinity
of the light localizer, the patient's head can be positioned lower or
higher in the path of the rays by using a different bite block. The desired
exposure area should be located in the middle inside the light localizers.
If exposures are to be taken in the upper jaw, temporomandibular joint,
sinus and orbital regions, the patient can be positioned lower as needed
in several stages with the blue bite block or the universal bite block. The
portion of the volume in the sinus region is thus greater.
Positioning is also possible with the universal bite block, as this can be
adjusted in several stages and the wide, soft bite block foam offers
increased safety against vibrations. The bite block foam is equally
suitable for patients without front teeth.
Positioning is also possible with the occlusal bite block. The occlusal
bite block sets the inclination according to the occlusal plane instead of
the standard Frankfort horizontal plane.
Two spherical bite blocks are available for measuring scans of the
upper or lower jaw to make an implant drilling template. The bite block
plates can be ordered from the SICAT Online Shop, www.sicat.com.
The following accessories are also required:
● Temple supports or temporomandibular joint supports with contact
buttons
● Forehead support
➢ Insert the accessory parts to be used into the unit and pull on the
relevant hygienic protective sleeves, see "Hygienic protective
sleeves" [→ 44].
➢ Switch SIDEXIS to a ready-for-3D-exposure state; see ‘Switch
SIDEXIS to ready-for-exposure state’.

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5.1.2.4.3 Selecting the volume exposure

CAUTION
Pressing the R key moves the unit to the starting position.
A patient positioned in the unit may be injured by moving parts.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit before moving it
to the starting position.

ü The unit is switched on and ready for exposure.

1. Touch the 3D symbol at the top of the touchscreen.
Ä The 3D program group is selected.
2. Select the exposure program. Touch the arrow keys + C and - A.
Ä The exposure program is displayed in the program display (B).
The radiation time is displayed under the name of the exposure
program.
3. Follow the instructions in the comment line on the touchscreen.
Press the R key if necessary.
Ä The diaphragm and the sensor move into the starting position
for volume exposures.
Ä The exposure program is selected.
Ä In volume exposures, the total filtration of the X-ray tube assembly
is displayed below the head symbol on the touchscreen.
0.3 mm Cu for VOL1/2/3 in SD and HD modes;
0.5 mm Cu for VOL4 in SD and HD modes
1 mm Cu for VOL1/2/3/4 in Low Dose mode.

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5.1.2.4.4 Setting the volume area and collimation

You can change between VOL1, VOL2, VOL3 and VOL4 depending on
whether a smaller or larger volume can be used.
For volume exposures, one of the predefined volume areas must be
selected. Through quadrant selection, collimation of the height of the
volume can be set to 5.5 cm for the upper or lower jaw area in the VOL1
program. In the VOL2 program, the height is permanently set to 5.5 cm
and in the VOL3 program, collimation of the height of the volume can be
set to 7.5 cm for the upper jaw and 8.0 cm for the lower jaw area. In the
VOL4 program, collimation of the height of the volume can be set to
10 cm for the lower area of the face and 7.5 cm for the upper area.

IMPORTANT
The areas shown on the touchscreen do not correspond to the actual
diameter of the volume. Note the figure in the section "VOL1 program
description". The boundary of the selected area is indicated by the
laser lines on the patient.

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ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.

ü The message "H403 – Switch SIDEXIS to ready for exposure state"
appears in the comment line.
1. For VOL1, VOL2: Select the desired volume region (A). Touch one
of the circles for the front tooth, molar, or temporomandibular joint
region (only) in the center of the touchscreen.
For VOL3, VOL4: There is only one volume area that is
automatically selected.
Ä The volume region is marked in orange. According to your
selection, the quadrant selection presetting (B) changes if
necessary:
The volume can be collimated using the quadrant selection. For
example, when the molar or temporomandibular joint region is
selected, a collimation to the upper or lower jaw area is
possible.
2. Press the quadrant symbol (B) on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

3. To adjust the collimation, select the lower or upper jaw in the

quadrant selection.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the quadrant symbol (B) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The volume region is selected.
The collimation is set.

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5.1.2.4.5 Selecting 3D exposure mode

HD mode (high-definition mode).
SD mode (standard definition mode)
Low (Low Dose exposure mode)
You can select the exposure mode via the selection list on the side for
the volume programs.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
➢ Touch the desired exposure mode.

Ä The selection (A) is highlighted in orange. The selected mode is

displayed on the right side of the touchscreen.
If Low Dose mode is enabled, the patient symbols are
highlighted with a blue bar (B).
Ä The desired mode is selected.
The SD and HD options can also be set in the Start settings menu
by default.

IMPORTANT
The Low Dose mode is not persistent and must be selected again
following each exposure if required.

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5.1.2.4.6 Selecting kV/mA values

85 kV are usually emitted for volume exposures. Preset kV/mA
combinations and radiation times are assigned to the patient symbols,
which are selected according to the patient's size and weight. The
symbols roughly correspond to child, youth/woman, woman/man, hefty
persons. The kV/mA values and radiation times are preset, see also
"Program values for volume exposures".
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
➢ Touch the required patient symbol.
Ä The selection (A) is highlighted in orange. The selected kV/mA
value is displayed on the right side of the touchscreen and the
radiation time is shown below the program name.
Ä The kV/mA value is selected.

In HD exposure mode: Setting the kV/mA values via the submenu

line
If the preset kV/mA combinations do not provide a satisfactory result via
the patient symbols, you can also set the kV/mA values manually in all
programs in HD exposure mode.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.
2. Select a kV/mA value. To do this, touch the arrow keys - or +.
Please be aware of the maximum patient dose.
Ä The selected kV/mA value is displayed.

3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.

or
➢ Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

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5.1.2.4.7 Positioning the patient

The patient is positioned on the unit while standing. Positioning in the
seat is also possible without issue.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to collision with the unit.
The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate vicinity of
the unit during height adjustment. Height adjustment is canceled too
late or not at all. The unit collides with the patient.
➢ Monitor the patient and the movement of the unit during height
adjustment.
➢ During patient positioning, press the keys only briefly to make
minor corrections.
➢ Release the key immediately in the event of unwanted contact of
the unit with the patient.

CAUTION
Irritation of eyes from laser light.
Patients and users can be blinded by the laser light localizer.
➢ Before switching the laser light localizers on, the patient must be
instructed to shut their eyes.
➢ Do not stare directly into the laser beam. Make sure that the laser
beam does not meet the eyes of the patient.
➢ A distance of at least 10 cm must be maintained between the eye
and the laser.

CAUTION
The image quality is low due to artifacts.
Radiation exposure despite limited or no diagnostic benefit.
➢ Ask the patient to take off all metallic objects such as glasses and
jewelry in the head and neck area as well as all removable dental
prostheses. The tray in front of the control mirror is used for
depositing jewelry.

Tip: Reference values are shown for the height and forehead support
settings, which are saved for further exposures in the additional
information area of the SIDEXIS software.
In volume exposures, 2 red laser lines are emitted after switching on the
light localizer. The laser lines show the area of the volume depending
on program and collimation.
Two red lines are displayed in the head symbol on the touchscreen.
They indicate the upper and lower limits of the volume and the
approximate position of the light beam.
The patient should be aligned according to the occlusal plane. The
position can be easily corrected using the head tilt.

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5.1.2.4.7.1 Positioning with 3D bite block or universal bite block

In general, exposures of all volume areas can be made with the 3D bite
block, the yellow bite block or the universal bite block. The 3D bite block
or the universal bite block is recommended for volume exposures, as
the patient is positioned more securely. For setting the universal bite
block, refer to section "Using the universal bite block [→ 50]". If it is not
possible to work with these bite blocks, another possibility is to use the
chin rest with the bite block rod or bar, see "Positioning with chin rest
[→ 108]". The universal bite block foam is equally suitable for patients
without front teeth.
ü The 3D bite block, the yellow bite block, the universal bite block and
forehead support and temple supports are inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are put on the accessories.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up A and down B keys.

A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the key until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by an acoustic signal.
Release the height adjustment keys once the patient's mouth and
the bite block are at the same height.
B
3. Instruct the patient to hold the handles with both hands and bite into
the bite block.
Ä The patient's front teeth are positioned in the indentation in the
bite block. If necessary, push the lower front teeth forwards until
they reach a stop.

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4. Swivel the control mirror outwards. Press the left recess on the
touchbar D.
Ä You can see the patient in the control mirror.
5. Switch on the light localizer F.
G CAUTION! Risk of glare
Ä Depending on the preselected program and collimation, the
F laser lines show the area of the volume on the patient's head. If
the desired exposure area is not located within the horizontal
D laser lines, the blue bite block or the universal bite block must
be used, see "Positioning with blue bite block or the universal
bite block. [→ 109]".
To switch off the light localizer, press the key again. It switches
off automatically after approx. 100 seconds.
6. Align the patient with the central laser line G.
Ä The laser line reflects in the center of the patient's front teeth or
face (mid-sagittal plane).
7. Align the patient's head as closely as possible along the occlusal
A plane C. Correct the patient's head tilt as necessary. Briefly tap on
the up A and down B height adjustment keys.

C B
8. Press the desired temple support adjustment key I.
Ä When the temple supports touch the patient’s head, they stop
automatically.
9. Press the forehead support adjustment key H.
Ä When the forehead support touches the patient's head, it stops
automatically.
Make sure that the patient's head does not move backwards
after contacting the forehead support.
10. Check the patient's position and make any final corrections as
necessary.
11. Swivel the control mirror back into place. Press the right recess on
the touchbar D.
Ä The patient can see himself or herself in the control mirror.
12. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
H I his mouth, and hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.
Tip: You can limit the volume by selecting individual segments using the
quadrant selection, see "Adjusting the volume area and collimation".

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5.1.2.4.7.2 Positioning with chin rest

If it is not possible to work with the 3D bite block or the yellow bite block,
it is possible to use the chin rest instead. Patients without anterior teeth
also can be positioned with the bar.
The chin rest can be used to ensure that the mandible is represented in
the volume.

Chin rest with bite block rod

ü The chin rest and bite block rod, and the forehead support and
temple supports are inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Turn the bite block away from the patient.
Ä The bite block is pointing towards the control mirror.
2. Instruct the patient to place his chin on the chin rest and place both
hands on the hand grips.
3. Turn the bite block towards the patient and instruct him to bite on
the bite block.
Ä The patient's anterior teeth are positioned in the indentation in
the bite block. If necessary, push the lower anterior teeth
forwards until they reach a stop.
4. Proceed from step 4 as described under "Positioning with 3D bite
block or universal bite block [→ 106]".

Chin rest with bar

ü The patient has no or only a few anterior teeth.
ü The chin rest and bar and the forehead support and temple
supports are inserted in the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are pulled over the
accessories.
1. Instruct the patient to place his chin on the chin rest and place both
hands on the hand grips.
2. Instruct the patient to place his subnasale (the base of his nose)
against the bar. The patient's upper and lower jaws must be aligned
above one another. If the patient's lower jaw contains anterior teeth,
place the bar between his chin and his lower lip.
3. Proceed from step 4 as described under "Positioning with 3D bite
block or universal bite block [→ 106]".

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5.1.2.4.7.3 Positioning with blue bite block or the universal bite block.
For upper jaw exposures with full volume, the patient should be
positioned lower in the path of the rays with the blue bite block or
universal bite block in the position marked in blue; this also applies to
exposures in the temporomandibular joint region and the sinus and
orbital regions. The portion of the volume in the sinus region is thus
greater.
More secure positioning is possible with the universal bite block due to
the wider bite area. The bite block foam is equally suitable for patients
without front teeth.
ü The blue bite block or the universal bite block and the
temporomandibular joint supports with contact buttons are inserted
into the unit.
ü The relevant hygienic protective sleeves are put on the accessories.
1. Guide the patient in front of the control mirror.

2. Set the unit height using the up A and down B keys.

A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the key until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by an acoustic signal.
Release the height adjustment keys once the bite block is at the
same height as that of the patient's front teeth.
B
3. Instruct the patient to hold the handles with both hands and bite into
the bite block.
Ä The patient's front teeth are positioned in the indentation in the
bite block. If necessary, push the lower front teeth forwards until
they reach a stop.
4. Swivel the control mirror outwards. Press the left recess on the
touchbar D.
Ä You can see the patient in the control mirror.
5. Switch on the light localizer F.
CAUTION! Risk of glare
Ä Depending on the preselected program and collimation, the
laser lines show the area of the volume on the patient's head.
The desired exposure area must be located between the two
horizontal laser lines.
To switch off the light localizer, press the key again. It switches
off automatically after approx. 100 seconds.

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6. Align the patient with the central laser line G.

Ä The laser line reflects in the center of the patient's front teeth or
face (mid-sagittal plane).

G
F

7. Align the patient's head as closely as possible along the occlusal

A plane C. Correct the patient's head tilt as necessary. Briefly tap on
the up A and down B height adjustment keys.

C B
8. Press the temple support adjustment key I.
Ä When the temple supports touch the patient’s head, they stop
automatically.
9. Press the forehead support adjustment key H.
Ä When the forehead support touches the patient's head, it stops
automatically.
Make sure that the patient's head does not move backwards
after contacting the forehead support.
10. Check the patient's position and make any final corrections as
necessary.
11. Swivel the control mirror back into place. Press the right recess on
the touchbar D.
Ä The patient can see himself or herself in the control mirror.
12. Instruct the patient to exhale, place his tongue against the roof of
H I
his mouth, and hold this position until the end of the exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.

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5.1.2.5 Cephalometric exposures

5.1.2.5.1 Program description
Be aware of the different viewing directions in medical and dental
radiology.
5.1.2.5.1.1 C1 – Posterior-anterior exposure, symmetrical
The program takes a full-format exposure from posterior to anterior.
This program is suitable only for semi-axial cranial exposures. The
exposure provides a cranio-eccentric overview.

5.1.2.5.1.2 C2 – Anterior - posterior exposure, symmetrical

The program takes a full-format exposure from anterior to posterior.
This program is suitable only for semi-axial cranial exposures. The
exposure provides a cranio-eccentric overview.

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5.1.2.5.1.3 C3 – Lateral exposure

With this exposure technique, a metal scale integrated in the nose
support is displayed on the X-ray exposure. Using this scale, the
magnification factor in the median plane can be determined precisely
via a measurement.

C3 - Lateral exposure, asymmetric

This program displays a full-format lateral view (approx. 18x23cm). This
program omits the front of the patient's head.

C3F - Lateral full-format exposure

This program displays a full-format lateral view (approx. 30x23cm). This
program displays the whole of the patient's head.
Tip: By default, the image of the lateral exposure C3 or C3F shows the
patient‘s face facing to the right. You can change this representation in
SIDEXIS. "Settings" - "General Settings" - Representation - "Ceph a.p./
p.a."
Please note that all other Ceph exposures C1, C2, and C4 will then also
be displayed ‘mirrored’, i.e. laterally reversed.

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5.1.2.5.1.4 C4 – Carpus view, symmetrical

The program displays a carpus view. The carpus view is used to
determine the growth stage of the body or the jaw.

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5.1.2.5.2 Preparing the exposure

NOTICE
The adjustment of the cephalometer may alter depending on the load.
A change in the adjustment may lead to faulty X-rays.
➢ Never lean against the cephalometer or the extension arm.
➢ Do not hang or place any objects against or on the cephalometer
or extension arm.

Depending on the patient or the exposure program, accessory parts

must be replaced and the appropriate exposure mode must be selected;
see "Installation and start-up" [→ 48].
The following illustrations of the cephalometer are shown in the left-
handed arm version. They also apply for the cephalometer with a right-
handed arm.
A = asymmetrical
S = symmetrical

Preparing the nose support

1. Grasp the nose support at the rotary joint.
2. Pull the nose support forwards until it reaches the stop.
3. Swivel the nose support sideways and upwards.

Move the ear plug holders

1. Grasp the holders at the very top with both hands.
2. Push the holders simultaneously outwards as far as they will go.

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Turn the ear plug holders

Note that the holder for the ear plugs must be rotated by 90 degrees for
symmetrical exposures and carpus exposures.
1. Grasp the holders at the very top with both hands.
2. Rotate the ear plug holders.
Ä In posterior-anterior exposure: The nose support points towards
the sensor. In posterior-anterior exposure and carpal
exposures: The nose support points towards the secondary
diaphragm.

Protective caps and hygienic protective sleeves

➢ Plug the protective caps onto the ear plugs and pull the hygienic
protective sleeve onto the nose support, see "Hygienic protective
sleeves" [→ 44].

Preparing for a 2D exposure

➢ Switch SIDEXIS to a ready-for-exposure state; see ‘Switch SIDEXIS
to ready-for-exposure state’.

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5.1.2.5.3 Selecting an exposure program

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

ü The unit is switched on and ready for exposure.

1. Touch the Ceph symbol at the top of the touchscreen.
Ä The Ceph program group is selected.
2. Select an exposure program. To do this, touch the arrow keys + C
and - A. If you want to select a subprogram, such as C3F, touch the
program display B repeatedly. All the subprograms of the selected
program are displayed one after the other.
3. Follow the instructions in the comment line on the touchscreen.
Press the R key if necessary.
Ä The diaphragm and the sensor move into the starting position
for cephalometric exposures.
Ä The exposure program is selected.
5.1.2.5.4 Adjusting the collimation
In programs C3, C3 F, C1 p.a. and C2 a.p, the exposure area can be
limited so that certain parts of the patient's head, e.g. the upper cranial
region, thyroid gland and posterior cranial region, are not irradiated.
This reduces the patient dose.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Press the collimation symbol (A) on the right side of the
touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Select the collimation.

Ä The selection is highlighted orange in the submenu line.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Press the collimation symbol (A) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The collimation is set.

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5.1.2.5.5 Adjusting the Quickshot function

You can set whether the Quickshot function is to be switched on or off
for each CEPH program. The Quickshot function reduces the exposure
time by 30%.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the Quickshot display A on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Press the Quick On or Quick Off icons on the touchscreen.

Ä The selection is highlighted orange in the submenu line.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the Quick symbol (A) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The Quickshot function is set.

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5.1.2.5.6 Setting the kV/mA values

Setting the kV/mA values via the patient symbols

Preset kV/mA combinations are assigned to the patient symbols, which
are selected according to the patient's size and weight. The symbols
roughly correspond to child, youth/woman, woman/man, hefty persons.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
➢ Touch the required patient symbol.
Ä The selection A is highlighted in orange. The selected kV/mA
value is displayed on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

Setting the kV/mA values via the submenu line

If the preset kV/mA combinations do not provide a satisfactory result,
you can also set the kV/mA values manually in all programs.
ü Level 1 is displayed on the touchscreen.
1. Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) on the right side of the touchscreen.
Ä A submenu line is opened.

2. Select a kV/mA value. Touch the - or + keys.

Ä The selected kV/mA value is displayed.
3. Touch the cross on the left side of the submenu line.
or
➢ Touch the kV/mA symbol (B) again.
Ä The submenu line is closed.
Ä The kV/mA value is set.

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5.1.2.5.7 Positioning the patient

The patient is positioned on the unit while standing. Positioning in the
seat is also possible without issue.
This is the case, for example, if the patient is shorter than approx. 93
cm or taller than 197 cm. In this case, you position the patient on a fixed
and height-adjustable chair with a short backrest.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to collision with the unit.
The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate vicinity of
the unit during height adjustment. Height adjustment is canceled too
late or not at all. The unit collides with the patient.
➢ Monitor the patient and the movement of the unit during height
adjustment.
➢ During patient positioning, press the keys only briefly to make
minor corrections.
➢ Release the key immediately in the event of unwanted contact of
the unit with the patient.

CAUTION
Irritation of eyes from laser light.
Patients and users can be blinded by the laser light localizer.
➢ Before switching the laser light localizers on, the patient must be
instructed to shut their eyes.
➢ Do not stare directly into the laser beam. Make sure that the laser
beam does not meet the eyes of the patient.
➢ A distance of at least 10 cm must be maintained between the eye
and the laser.

CAUTION
The image quality is low due to artifacts.
Radiation exposure despite limited or no diagnostic benefit.
➢ Ask the patient to take off all metallic objects such as glasses and
jewelry in the head and neck area as well as all removable dental
prostheses. The tray in front of the control mirror is used for
depositing jewelry.

Tip: Reference values are shown for the height and forehead support
settings, which are saved for further exposures in the additional
information area of the SIDEXIS software.

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5.1.2.5.7.1 Positioning for symmetrical exposures C1, C2

ü The ear olive holders are pushed apart.
ü The nose support is swiveled upwards.
ü The ear olive holders are rotated at an angle of 90° towards the
sensor and the secondary diaphragm.
ü The protective caps for ear olives are inserted.
1. Set the unit height using the up A and down B buttons.
A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the button until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by a beep.
Release the height-adjustment button once the Cephalometer is at
the same height as that of the patient's head.
B
2. Guide the patient between the ear olive holders.
Ä In posterior-anterior exposure: The patient stands facing the
sensor. For anterior-posterior exposure: The patient stands
facing the secondary diaphragm. This position applies for both
right and left-handed arms.

3. Grasp the ear olive holders at the top and simultaneously slide them
together.
Ä The ear olives are positioned at the patient's outer ear canal.
4. Only for program C1 p.a. and C2 a.p: Instruct the patient to tilt his
head back and open his mouth as far as possible.
5. Instruct the patient to hold this position until the end of the
exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned at the unit.

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5.1.2.5.7.2 Positioning for C3 lateral exposures

ü The nose support is swiveled upwards.
ü The earbud holders are pushed apart.
ü The earbud holders are in a line with the sensor and the secondary
diaphragm.
ü The protective caps for earbuds are inserted.
1. Set the unit height using the up A and down B keys.
A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the key until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by am acoustic signal.
Release the height-adjustment buttons once the cephalometer is at
the level of the patient's head.
B
2. Guide the patient backwards between the earbud holders.
3. Grasp the earbud holders at the top and simultaneously slide them
together.
Ä The earbuds are positioned at the patient's outer ear canal.

4. Switch on the light localizer. CAUTION! Risk of glare

Ä A red laser line reflects on the patient's head. To switch off the
light localizer, press the key again. It switches off automatically
after approx. 100 seconds.
5. Align the patient's head according to the Frankfort horizontal plane.
6. Correct the patient's head tilt as necessary. Briefly tap on the up A
and down B height adjustment keys.
Ä The laser line reflects on the upper edge of the outer ear canal
and on the lowest point of the lower edge of the eye socket.

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7. Optional: Swivel the nose support downward and adjust it in a

vertical and horizontal direction, see "Setting/inserting the
cephalometer accessories" [→ 52].
Ä The nose support rests on the root of the nose.
8. Instruct the patient to hold this position until the end of the
exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned in the unit.

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5.1.2.5.7.3 Positioning for carpal exposures C4

NOTICE
The patient may press too forcefully against the carpus support plate.
This can damage the carpus support plate.
➢ Instruct the patient to only press lightly on the carpus support
plate.

ü The nose support is swiveled upwards.

ü The carpus support plate is locked in place on the unit.
ü The ear olive holders are pushed apart.
ü The ear olive holders are rotated at an angle of 90 degrees to the
sensor and the secondary diaphragm. The nose support points
towards the secondary diaphragm.
ü Hygienic protection is ensured.
1. Guide the patient sideways into the unit.
2. Set the unit height using the up A and down B buttons.
A CAUTION! The height adjustment motor starts slowly and then
increases its speed.
Press and hold down the button until the desired height is reached.
The unit movement is accompanied by a beep.
Release the height adjustment keys once the patient can place his/
her hand on the carpus support plate with the arm bent.
B
3. Instruct the patient to place his hand on the carpus support plate.
Ä For a cephalometer with extension arm on right-hand side: The
patient's left hand is positioned on the carpus support plate. For
a cephalometer with extension arm on left-hand side: The
patient's right hand is positioned on the carpus support plate.
The patient's fingertips do not protrude beyond the upper edge
C. The patient's hand and arm form a line.
4. Instruct the patient to hold this position until the end of the
exposure.
Ä The patient is positioned at the unit.

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5.1.2.6 Pediatric exposures

Compared to middle-aged adults, children and adolescents are three
times more at risk from radiation. A justifying indication requires that the
health benefits of use outweigh the risk posed by radiation. Other
procedures with similar health benefits that do not involve any, or only
involve low-level, exposure to radiation must be preferred when
weighing up the situation.
Medical radiation exposure as part of dental care provided to children
and adolescents must produce sufficient benefits, whereby the radiation
exposure resulting from an X-ray examination must be limited to the
extent that is consistent with the needs of medical science (ALARA
principle).
Dentsply Sirona offers numerous options for reducing the radiation
exposure for adults, and especially for children and adolescents, to a
necessary minimum. Furthermore, there are numerous options for
simplifying the X-ray applications for children and adolescents.
Please observe the detailed descriptions for these in the respective
chapters of these instructions for use!

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Dose reduction
Overview of the options for reducing doses, in particular for children
and adolescents, with the Axeos Imaging System:
● Using child panoramic radiographs P10, P10A, P10C.
– The exposures present a reduced tooth region without
ascending rami. In addition, exposure times are reduced and the
exposure dose is cut by up to 40% compared with panoramic
radiographs P1.
● Selecting the relevant patient symbol for children/adolescents.
– The two smallest patient symbols represent the exposure values
for children/adolescents. Through their reduction in the Kv/mA
values for these exposure parameters, the dose is lowered
accordingly.
● Selecting the "Quickshot" setting parameter.
– In addition to the child exposures P10, P10A, and P10C, the
"Quickshot" function of the unit can be selected for these
panoramic radiographs. Due to the quicker cycle, the dose is
reduced by up to 40% depending on the program; the image
quality is reduced a little in the process.
● Collimation to the smallest possible area / FoV for 3D exposures:
2D X-ray panoramic radiograph:
– By collimating the X-ray area to a quadrant, the dose for
panoramic radiographs can be reduced by up to 30%.
– Through a combination of "Collimation to a quadrant" and the
"Quickshot" setting parameter, the dose can be reduced by up to
60%.

2D X-ray Ceph exposure:

– In the case of cephalography, the exposure area can be
collimated in the C3 and C3 F programs and the C1 p.a and C2
a.p programs. This reduces the patient dose.
– In addition to the collimation, the "Quickshot" setting parameter
can also be selected in Ceph mode. This further reduces the
patient dose.

3D X-ray:
– For volume exposures VOL1, VOL3 and VOL 4, the height of the
image can be collimated for all centers of rotation.
VOL1: UJ/LJ 5.5 cm
VOL3: UJ 7.5 cm / LJ 8 cm
VOL4: UJ 7.5 cm / LJ 10 cm
– By selecting the VOL2 volume, the volume can also be reduced
in diameter to 5 cm. This reduces the effective dose by approx.
30 %.
– By selecting the Low Dose exposure mode, the effective dose
can be reduced significantly compared with the SD exposure
mode.

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Optimized X-ray applications

Overview of the options for simplifying X-ray applications for
children/adolescents with the Axeos Imaging System:
● Children and adolescents can often be positioned in a stiller and
more stable position if they are seated. The Axeos Imaging System
can therefore be brought down to a bite block height of 80 cm for an
exposure in sitting position.
● To explain the exposure and to alleviate any fears, a radiation-free
test cycle can be started at any time.
● The Axeos Imaging System has been designed so that it functions
openly and does not scare or induce fear in children and
adolescents.
● There are no distressing cycle noises.
● Optimum and stable positioning options and adjustment tools help
the user to avoid exposure errors.
● The Axeos Imaging System does not require any target exposures
to check the correct patient positioning. This means no unnecessary
extra dosing.

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5.1.3 Releasing the exposure

5.1.3.1 Starting the test cycle
The test cycle is executed without radiation. The test cycle is used to
check that the unit is functioning correctly and to ensure that a
complete, uninterrupted cycle is possible. The rotating unit stops
automatically if the resistance increases.
ü The unit is in its starting position. Selecting an exposure program
[→ 76]
1. Press the T key.
Ä The program enters test cycle mode. On the touchscreen, the
display of the kV/mA value, the exposure time and the patient
symbols is hidden. Two test cycle symbols appear.
2. Press the release button.
Ä The test cycle is started.
3. Wait until the test cycle has been completed.
4. Press the T key again.
Ä The program exits test cycle mode.

5.1.3.2 Releasing the exposure

The exposure can be released using the release button on the spiral
cable or the remote control. If the unit is installed in an X-ray room,
which features a door edge, and the line of sight towards the patient is
guaranteed, the exposure is to be released via the remote release, see
"Using remote release" [→ 137].

WARNING
The unit emits X-ray radiation.
Excess exposure to X-rays is detrimental to health.
➢ Use the prescribed accessories for radiation protection.
➢ Do not stay in the X-ray room during exposure. Move as far away
from the unit as the coiled cable for the release button allows you
to.

CAUTION
The movement of the system may be adversely affected by the
patient's physical constitution, clothing, or dressings, or by
wheelchairs or hospital beds.
The exposure is automatically terminated if the movement of the unit
is inhibited. The exposure must be repeated.
➢ Ensure that the movement of the unit is not impaired when
positioning the patient. Before the exposure, perform a test cycle
using the T key.

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CAUTION
Prematurely letting go of the release button cancels the exposure
immediately.
The exposure must be repeated.
➢ Take care not to let go of the exposure release button
prematurely. Press the release button until the end of the
exposure. Note that radiation may be released several times
during an exposure cycle.

CAUTION
The exposure memory of the unit is cleared when the unit is switched
off.
Images that have not been transferred to SIDEXIS are irretrievably
lost. The exposure must be repeated.
➢ Wait until the exposure data have be completely transferred. Do
not switch the unit off before the X-ray exposure is displayed on
the SIDEXIS screen.

CAUTION
In the case of cephalometric exposures with extension arm on right-
hand side, the secondary diaphragm and sensor automatically return
to the starting position following exposure.
A patient who exits the unit too quickly risks injury from the moving
parts.
➢ Be sure to explain the entire exposure procedure to the patient.
The patient may leave only after the exposure has been taken
and the secondary diaphragm and sensor have automatically
returned from the cephalometer.
Ä In the case of extension arm on left-hand side: Scanning
operation from rear to front – after the exposure, the secondary
diaphragm and the sensor move automatically to the rear for the
positioning of the next patient.
In the case of extension arm on right-hand side: Scanning
operation from front to rear, secondary diaphragm and sensor
remain at the rear in the position required for positioning the next
patient.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

IMPORTANT
Prior to exposure, ensure that you have selected the correct exposure
program and accessories. Check the program display on the
touchscreen and the position of the sensor.

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IMPORTANT
Premature initiation of a new exposure is prevented by the automatic
exposure blocking function. This function is used for thermal
protection of the X-ray tubes.
After the release button is pressed, the message "Ready for exposure
in XX seconds" appears in the comment line of the touchscreen. The
remaining cooling time is counted down and is displayed under "XX".
Another exposure can be made only after the cooling period has
elapsed.

ü The program settings have been made.

30
03
40
ü The patient is positioned in the unit.
04
50
05

ü No help message is permitted to be displayed in the comment line

of the touchscreen. The "Ready for exposure" message must
appear.
Tip: If you press the release button on the remote control while the
door is open, the help message "Close the door" is displayed with
the help code H321. Close the door and acknowledge the message.

IMPORTANT
Advise the patient of what to do during the exposure and check to
make sure that they comply:
- The patient must not move his/her head in any way.
- The patient's shoulders must not be hunched.
- For cephalometric images, the arms of the patient must hang down
freely at the sides.

1. Press release button A and hold it down until the end of the
exposure.
Ä The exposure is made. "Exposure is performed" appears in the
comment line on the touchscreen. During radiation, the visual
radiation indicator B lights up on the Easypad. In addition, an
acoustic signal sounds throughout the radiation. Radiation can
be released several times during the exposure.
2. Press and hold release button A. Wait until the continuous tone is
followed by a short pulsed sequence of tones (the continuous tone
can be deactivated by a service technician). The message "Please
wait" shortly appears in the comment line of the touchscreen
followed by confirmation of the exposure data. Exposure mode,
exposure program, tube voltage and current, actual radiation time
and dose area product are displayed.
Ä The forehead and temple or temporomandibular joint supports
open automatically.
3. Let go of release button A.
Ä The exposure is complete.
Ä The X-ray image is displayed on the PC monitor after a brief
period.
4. Guide the patient out of the unit.
5. Press return key R on the Easypad.
R Ä Confirmation of the exposure data is acknowledged.

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6. WARNING! The patient may be injured by moving parts. Press

return key R on the Easypad again.
Ä The rotating unit moves to the starting position.
Ä The unit is ready for the next exposure.

Two-part temporomandibular joint exposure program TM 1.1

In the Two-part exposure program TM 1.1, two exposures (TM 1.1 and
TM 1.2) are made.
ü Once the first temporomandibular joint exposure has been made as
described above, the message "Please wait" appears in the
comment line on the touchscreen.
ü The rotating unit has automatically moved to the starting position.
1. Instruct the patient to open his/her mouth.
Ä The patient has opened his/her mouth without changing his/her
position.
2. Press the release button A and hold it down until the end of the
second exposure.
Ä The second exposure is made. "Exposure is performed"
appears in the comment line on the touchscreen.
3. Wait until the continuous tone is followed by a short pulsed
sequence of tones (the continuous tone can be deactivated by a
service technician).
Ä The message "Please wait" shortly appears in the comment line
of the touchscreen followed by confirmation of the exposure
data. Exposure mode, exposure program, tube voltage and
current, actual radiation time, dose area product are displayed.
4. Let go of release button A.
Ä The second exposure is complete. Proceed as described above
starting with step 5.
Ä The X-ray image is displayed on the PC monitor after a brief
period.

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5.1.3.3 Rescue program for image transfer problems

In case of unexpected network errors or exposure interruptions, there
may be problems with image transfer to Sidexis 4.
There are two options available in Sidexis 4 for transferring images,
which are described below:
● The exposure data can still be found in the exposure memory of the
unit and auxiliary message H420 is displayed on the Easypad; see
"Unit rescue [→ 131]".
● The exposure data has been transferred from the X-ray unit, but has
not yet been imported into Sidexis 4, see "Data container rescue
[→ 135]".
5.1.3.3.1 Unit rescue

CAUTION
The exposure memory of the unit is cleared when the unit is switched
off.
Images that have not been transferred to SIDEXIS are irretrievably
lost. The exposure must be repeated.
➢ Wait until the exposure data have be completely transferred. Do
not switch the unit off before the X-ray exposure is displayed on
the SIDEXIS screen.

ü The auxiliary message H420 is displayed on the Easypad.

ü The X-ray exposure could not be transferred, as a network fault
exists or the PC failed.
In this case, the system terminates the connection after a unit-
dependent time and switches to Rescue mode.
This means: the image is not lost, but is kept in the RAM of the X-
ray unit by a safety mechanism until it is retrieved by Sidexis 4. A
further exposure with this device is blocked until then.
1. Select the X-ray unit that is in Rescue mode.

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2. Click Start rescue if the registered patient has been X-rayed with
the unit that is in Rescue mode.
Ä The program establishes a connection to the X-ray unit that is in
Rescue mode.

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3. Click No, if the registered patient on the PC and on the unit do not
match.
4. Register the appropriate patient for the Rescue mode in Sidexis 4
(see "Sidexis 4 Operator´s Manual") and click on the "Start rescue"
button.

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Ä If a connection is successfully established, data is transferred.

IMPORTANT
The displayed exposure may be of lower quality if the exposure was
terminated prematurely or a data transfer problem occurred between
the unit and the reconstruction server.

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5.1.3.3.2 Data container rescue

ü There are data that have not yet been transferred to the Sidexis 4
database.
1. Start the Device Manager.
Ä The data container rescue view is displayed if, when the unit is
being made ready for exposure, there are patient exposures
that have not yet been imported into the Sidexis 4 database. In
this case, there is no Unit rescue H420.
2. Select the "Manage data container" dialog.
Ä All patient exposure data containers available in the Sidexis 4
database are displayed in a list.

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3. Select a data container and import it by clicking on "Reconstruct

again".
Ä The exposure is reconstructed again.
Ä If the corresponding patient is registered in Sidexis 4, the
exposure is directly displayed in the "Light box" of Sidexis 4.

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5.1.3.4 Using the remote control

On the remote control, exposures are triggered using the release button
B A A
B (D). If it is not possible to maintain visual contact with the patient when
C releasing the exposure, the release key with the coiled cable (F) on the
X-ray unit can be removed and used on the remote control.
If the unit is ready for exposure and no auxiliary messages are
E
displayed, the current program parameters appear on display (C):
Program designation, exposure time, voltage, current in the individual
fields (Prog., s, kV, mA). The exposure can be released now.
F
If plain-text help messages are displayed on the Easypad touchscreen,
D
they also appear in coded form on the Prog. display of the remote
control, alternating with the program name.
When switching on the unit, the X-ray indicator A lights up for a
functional check for approx. 1 second.
The LED B lights up when the unit is on.
Use the Return key E to acknowledge exposures, error messages and
auxiliary messages and move the rotating unit to the starting position.
If a row of dots appears in the Prog. field on the digital display (C), this
means the unit is currently in a preparatory phase (e.g. unit movements,
parameter settings, program loading times, etc.). Wait until the dots
disappear automatically and the system is ready for operation.

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5.1.3.5 Canceling an exposure

An exposure that has been triggered can be canceled again at any time.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

ü The exposure is released.

1. Let go of the exposure release button.
Ä The exposure is immediately terminated.
Message H320 appears.
The exposure data of the terminated exposure is displayed in
Sidexis.
The radiation time and dose area product flash on the Easypad.
2. Guide the patient out of the unit.
R 3. Press the R key.
Ä The actual required radiation time is acknowledged.
4. Press the R key again.
Ä The rotating unit moves to the starting position.
Ä The unit is ready for the next exposure.

IMPORTANT
The program settings must be checked before the exposure is
repeated. Any changed program settings must be preselected again.

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Instructions for use Axeos 5.2 Preselecting user settings

5.2 Preselecting user settings

5.2.1 Changing default settings
For the Pan and Ceph program groups, the preselection of the patient
symbol can be changed and the switching on or off of the Quickshot
function can be preset in the start settings.
For the 3D program group, the preselection of the 3D exposure mode
and the patient symbol can be changed in the start settings.
ü The touchscreen display is at level 1.
1. Touch the toothed wheel (A) in the upper right corner of the
touchscreen.
Ä Level 2 is displayed.

2. Touch the Start setting symbol (B).

Ä The setting for Quick On or Quick Off appears.

Pan start settings

1. Touch the Pan symbol (C).
C D E F
Ä The following appears: Select start settings.
2. Select the patient symbol that you want to preset.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
3. Select whether the Quickshot function is to be switched on or off.
Touch the Quick On or Quick Off symbols (D) on the touchscreen.
The Quickshot function reduces the cycle time by approx. 20 to
50%, depending on the exposure program. The function is set
independent of the exposure program.
Select start settings
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

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Ceph start settings

1. Touch the Ceph symbol (C).
C D E F
Ä The following appears: Select start settings.
2. Select the patient symbol that you want to preset.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
3. Select whether the Quickshot function is to be switched on or off.
Touch the Quick On or Quick Off symbols (D) on the touchscreen.
The Quickshot function reduces the cycle time by approx. 20 to
50%, depending on the exposure program. The function is set
independent of the exposure program.
Select start settings
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

3D start settings
1. Touch the 3D symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Select start settings.
2. Select the patient symbol that you want to preset.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
3. Select whether HD or SD exposure mode (D) is preset.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

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5.2.2 Changing basic settings

The kV/mA values stored for the patient symbols can be adjusted for
each program in the basic settings.
ü The touchscreen display is at level 1.
1. Touch the toothed wheel (A) in the upper right corner of the
touchscreen.
Ä Level 2 is displayed.

Select start settings

2. Touch the Basic setting symbol (B).
Ä The settings for the kV/mA values appear.

Pan basic settings

1. Touch the Pan symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Select basic settings.
2. Select the exposure program for which you want to change the kV/
mA value. Touch the - or + arrows.
Ä The selected setting is displayed on the right side of the
touchscreen (F).
3. Select the patient symbol for which you want to change the kV/mA
value.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Select the kV/mA value that you want to apply to the selected
program and patient symbol.
5. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The kV/mA value is saved for the selected program and patient
symbol and is displayed in the side display area (F).
6. Repeat this procedure for the other patient symbols and programs.
Ä The settings of the kV/mA values stored for the patient symbols
are complete.

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Ceph basic settings

1. Touch the Ceph symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Select basic settings.
2. Select the exposure program for which you want to change the kV/
mA value. Touch the - or + arrows.
Ä The selected setting is displayed on the right side of the
touchscreen (F).
3. Select the patient symbol for which you want to change the kV/mA
value.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Select the kV/mA value that you want to apply to the selected
program and patient symbol.
5. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The kV/mA value is saved for the selected program and patient
symbol and is displayed in the side display area (F).
6. Repeat this procedure for the other patient symbols and programs.
Ä The settings of the kV/mA values stored for the patient symbols
are complete.

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5.2.3 Changing the light settings

IMPORTANT
The light color of the unit lighting (ambient light) has no connection
with the unit status that is displayed on the user interface (Easypad).

The intensity of the touchscreen display can be adjusted to the lighting

conditions. Color and brightness of the ambient light can be changed.
ü The touchscreen display is at level 1.
1. Touch the toothed wheel (A) in the upper right corner of the
touchscreen.
Ä Level 2 is displayed.

2. Touch the light symbol (B).

Ä The settings for the lighting appear.

Backlight for touchscreen

1. Touch the touchscreen symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Select backlight of touchscreen.
2. Set the light by touching the -/+ keys (D), the lowest possible setting
is 10%.
Ä The light is displayed in percent.
3. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

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Ambient light settings

1. Touch the ambient light symbol (C)
Ä The following appears: Select ambient light settings.
2. Adjust the brightness by touching one of the 4 different gray tones
(D) or switch off the ambient light.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
3. Set Demo mode or a color from the color section (D1) by touching.
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
4. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

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5.2.4 Changing the sound volume settings

For acoustic confirmation, there is a touchscreen sound, cycle sound
and height adjustment sound.
ü The touchscreen display is at level 1.
1. Touch the toothed wheel (A) in the upper right corner of the
touchscreen.
Ä Level 2 is displayed.

B
2. Touch the Speaker symbol (B).
Ä The setting for the acoustic signals appears.

Touchscreen touch sound

1. Touch the Touch sound symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Enable/disable touchscreen touch
sound.
2. Enable or disable the touch sound (D).
Ä The selection is highlighted in orange.
3. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

Cycle sound
1. Touch the Cycle sound symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Define volume of cycle sound.
2. Set the volume by touching the -/+ keys (D), the lowest possible
setting is 10%.
Ä The volume is displayed in percent.
3. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

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Height adjustment sound

1. Touch the Height adjustment symbol (C).
Ä The following appears: Define volume of height adjustment
sound.
2. Set the volume by touching the -/+ keys (D), the lowest possible
setting is 50%. Ensure that the sound can be heard under the
ambient conditions.
Ä The volume is displayed in percent.
3. Touch the Save symbol (E).
Ä The setting is saved and is displayed in the side display area
(F).

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5.2.5 Displaying unit information

Unit data useful for any discussions with your service engineer is listed.
ü The touchscreen display is at level 1.
1. Touch the i symbol (A) in the lower right corner of the touchscreen.
Ä The unit information is displayed.

2. Touch the arrows (B) in the scroll bar to the right of the list.
Ä The next or previous page of the list is displayed.
3. Touch the back symbol (C) in the lower right corner of the
touchscreen.
Ä The display changes to level 1.

5.2.6 Service functions

The service functions are intended exclusively for service engineers.
You will find a description of the service functions in the relevant service
manuals.

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6.1 Hygiene Instructions for use Axeos

6 Hygiene and maintenance

6.1 Hygiene
Only the external surfaces may be disinfected with approved chemical
disinfectants. Use only disinfectants that have been tested according to
applicable national authorities or whose bactericidal, fungicidal, and
virucidal properties have been verifiably tested and approved
accordingly.

NOTICE
Cleaning, disinfection and care agents may contain aggressive
ingredients.
Unsuitable cleaning, disinfection and care agents are harmful to
health and attack the surface of the unit.
➢ Do NOT use: Substances containing phenol, peracetic acid,
peroxide, or any other oxygen-splitting agents, sodium
hypochlorite, or iodine-splitting agents.
➢ Use only care, cleaning and disinfection agents approved by
Dentsply Sirona.

A continuously updated list of the approved agents can be found in the

document "Pflege-, Reinigungs- und Desinfektionsmittel" (REF
59 70 905). You can download the document in the download center .
If you do not have access to the Internet, you can order the list (REF
59 70 905) in one of the following two ways:
● Order from your local dental depot
● Order from Dentsply Sirona:
Phone: +49 (0) 62 51 / 16-16 70
Fax: +49 (0) 62 51 / 16-18 18

NOTICE
Clean, disinfect and/or sterilize the medical device and accessories
prior to initial use and after each longer breaks in use.

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6.1.1 Cleaning the unit

WARNING
Risk of injury from fire and smoke.
The unit complies only with protection class IPX0.
Due to improper cleaning of the unit, fluid can enter into the inside of
the unit through the ventilation slots or exposure release key. This
can cause damage to live parts. The unit can catch on fire. The
patient comes in contact with fire and smoke.
➢ Do not spray any liquids into the ventilation slots, on the exposure
release key, or on the ambient light.
➢ First spray the liquid onto a cleaning cloth. Then wipe the
ventilation slots, release key or ambient light with the cleaning
cloth.
➢ Make sure that no liquids leak along the surface into the
ventilation slots, release key, or ambient light.

Remove dirt, grime and disinfectant residue from the cover of the unit
regularly using mild, commercially available cleaning agents.

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6.1.2 Disinfecting individual system components

Valid for control panel, remote release, handle, wrist support plate and
forehead, temple and temporomandibular joint supports and nose
support.

(see also section "Spare parts and consumables").

NOTICE
Parts can be damaged
Use only agents approved by Dentsply Sirona for disinfection, as
parts may otherwise be damaged.

Instructions
Preparation for decontamina- If hygienic protective sleeves are used: Remove and dispose of the hygienic
tion: protective sleeves prior to cleaning.
Cleaning: manual Wipe the parts with a soft, water-soaked cloth (water at least drinking water
quality) until dirt is no longer visible.
Disinfection: manual ● Wipe down the parts with disinfectants approved by Dentsply Sirona.
● Follow the directions of the disinfectant manufacturer on application and
reaction time.
● After the reaction time, wipe off the disinfectant residues with a water-
soaked cloth (at least drinking water quality).
Drying: manual Dry the parts using a lint-free cloth.
Maintenance, inspection and ● Check the reprocessed parts for visible damage, cracks or discoloration.
testing ● Do not use damaged parts.
Storage Store reprocessed parts in a dry, dust-free environment (if applicable).

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6.1.3 Reprocessing the patient immobilizations

There are two options for reprocessing the patient immobilizations:
● Automated cleaning and disinfection (Option A)
● Sterilization (Option B)
When reprocessing the patient immobilization, the instructions and
provisions in the country-specific guidelines and standards must also be
observed.
All bite blocks in this overview can be either automatically cleaned and
disinfected or steam sterilized at the user's discretion. The only
exception is the universal bite block (gray), which is not suitable for
steam sterilization.

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6.1.3.1 Automated cleaning and disinfection (Option A)

Valid for the following patient immobilizations:

(see also section "Spare parts and consumables").

Instructions
Initial treatment of the listed Directly after use, remove gross contamination with a disposable cloth or paper
parts at the location of use towel (if necessary).
Preparation for decontamina- If an occlusal bite block was used: Disassemble the occlusal bite block, see
tion: "Disassembly/assembly of the occlusal bite block [→ 154]".)
Cleaning: automatic ● Clean the part in a cleaning and disinfection device using mild alkaline
solutions as per the device manufacturer's specifications.
● The cleaning and disinfection device must comply with DIN EN ISO
15883-1/-2.
Disinfection: automatic ● Disinfect the parts in a cleaning and disinfection device as per the device
manufacturer's specifications.
● The cleaning and disinfection device must comply with DIN EN ISO
15883-1/-2.
● Thermal disinfection is carried out taking into account the A0 value (e.g.
A0≥3000; 93 °C and 5 minutes reaction time) in accordance with ISO
15883-1 and AAMI TIR 30:2011. This value is a measure for the reduction
of microorganisms with disinfection methods using moist heat.
● The owner is responsible for the A0 value to be reached.
Drying: automatic ● Dry the parts in a cleaning and disinfection device as per the device
manufacturer's specifications.
● The cleaning and disinfection device must comply with DIN EN ISO
15883-1/-2.
Maintenance, inspection and ● Check the reprocessed parts for visible damage, cracks or discoloration.
testing ● Do not use damaged parts.
Sterilization Not applicable.
Storage Store processed parts in a dry, dust-free and dark environment.
Additional information Use the small part sieve for small parts (all silicone parts and bit blocks).

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6.1.3.2 Sterilization (Option B)

WARNING
Infections can be transmitted from patient to patient.
Accessories that are not sterilized correctly can cause illness in
patients.

IMPORTANT
Note that application components from sterile packaging that has
been damaged or accidentally opened must be professionally
sterilized and packaged again.

IMPORTANT
The universal bite block is not suitable for steam sterilization.
Please use automatic Cleaning and disinfection process [→ 152].

Instructions
Initial treatment of the listed Directly after use, remove gross contamination with a disposable cloth or pa-
parts at the location of use per towel (if necessary).
Preparation for decontamina- If an occlusal bite block was used: Disassemble the occlusal bite block, see
tion: "Disassembly/assembly of the occlusal bite block [→ 154]".)
Cleaning: manual Wipe the parts with a soft, water-soaked cloth (water at least drinking water
quality) until dirt is no longer visible.
Drying after cleaning Not applicable.
Packaging ● If an occlusal bite block was used: Assemble the occlusal bite block prior
to wrapping, see "Disassembly/assembly of the occlusal bite block
[→ 154]".
● Wrap the parts with packaging suitable for steam sterilization, see DIN EN
ISO 11607.

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Instructions
Sterilization and drying: auto- The following two sterilization methods have been validated and can be used:
matic Method Temperature* Holding Drying time
time*
Pre-vacuum method 132 °C or higher 3 min. 16 min.
Gravity method 132 °C or higher 5 min. 15 min.
* The indicated times are minimum holding times.
The operating times are longer and can vary by device.
Maintenance, inspection and ● Check the reprocessed parts for visible damage, cracks or discoloration.
testing ● Do not use damaged parts.
Storage ● After sterilization, store the parts in sterilization packaging in a dry, dust-
free place.
● The storage life depends on the bacterial barrier in use, the type of storage
and the storage environment, and must be defined by the user.
Additional information None

6.1.3.3 Disassembly/assembly of the occlusal bite block

1. Unplug the occlusal bite block from its holder on the unit.
2. Gently push apart the guide mandrel of the lever (A) on the bite
A block plate and the eyelet of the rod (B) in the direction of the
arrows and unhinge the lever.

3. Swivel the bite block plate (C) vertically upward so that the lever (A)
is pointing downwards.
C

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4. Pull the bite block plate (C) forwards out of its hinge.
Ä The occlusal bite block has now been prepared for processing.
C 5. Assemble the occlusal bite block by following the same procedure
in reverse order. When assembling, check the position of the bite
block plate; the segment must point toward the connecting lever.

6.1.4 Disposal of single-use items

For improved hygiene, disposable parts such as hygienic protective
sleeves and disposable bite block parts are used. See also Hygienic
protective sleeves [→ 44].
These parts are single use items and must be disposed of after use. No
reprocessing is intended before or after use.

WARNING
The hygienic protective sleeves are single use devices.
Contaminated hygienic protective sleeves can cause illness in
patients.
➢ Replace the hygienic protective sleeves after each patient.

6.1.5 End of service life of patient immobilizations

If the patient immobilizations are cleaned, disinfected, sterilized and
maintained according to the instructions in this document, they are
generally usable over the service life of the X-ray unit. Based on its
long-time experience with these reusable patient immobilizations,
Dentsply Sirona does not define a maximum number of uses.
Nevertheless, the basic principle applies that, when in doubt, the
components should be replaced prematurely (see also information on
maintenance, inspection and testing).

6.2 Inspection and maintenance

IMPORTANT
Service life
The actual service life of the X-ray unit directly depends on the
intensity and type of use. In addition, external conditions (e.g. stability
of the power supply) and technical care and maintenance (according
to the maintenance instructions) have a direct influence on the
operational service life.

If necessary, suitable protective clothing must be worn and suitable

protective equipment used at all times.
Inspection and preventive maintenance must be performed at
scheduled intervals to protect the health and safety of patients, users,
and other persons.

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The information provided in the document "Inspection and maintenance

and safety-related checks" REF 67 30 951 should be helpful here. The
document can be downloaded at
http://www.dentsplysirona.com/manuals.

Annual inspection
In order to ensure the operational safety and functional reliability of your
product, you as the system owner should check the equipment at
regular intervals (at least once a year) or commission your dental depot
to do so.
In the event of visible external damage, commission your dental depot
with an inspection of the unit.

Maintenance by the service engineer

In addition to the annual inspection to be carried out by the system
owner or authorized persons, maintenance must be performed after 4, 7
and 10 years, and then at two-year intervals, see document "Inspection
and maintenance and safety-related checks" REF 67 30 951.

Checking image quality

The image quality should be assessed by the system owner at regular
intervals, at least once a year.
On digital image receptor systems, the degree of postprocessing
(brightness or contrast adjustment) that is required in the image
processing software (e.g. Sidexis) to produce satisfactory results is
used as an assessment criterion.
If an image cannot be evaluated and a unit defect cannot be ruled out
as the cause, then proceed as follows:

Worldwide: quality inspection

A quality inspection must be performed by an authorized service
technician.
The quality inspection must be performed using the test exposures in
the Device Manager. They are described in the technical document
"Axeos Software installation, commissioning and service" (REF
67 30 852).
Please perform a constancy test. Dentsply Sirona provides you with the
Device Manager for easy implementation of this constancy test and for
its documentation.
The required test specimen and the description of the constancy test
come with the unit in these countries.
If a constancy test exposure cannot be evaluated, the unit must no
longer be operated. In this case, contact an authorized specialty trader.

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Country-specific requirements for the constancy test

Perform a constancy test according to the requirements in your country.
You will find descriptions for this in the following technical documents:
Germany / Austria / Switzerland ● Axeos Konstanzprüfung 2D und 3D (DIN 6868), REF 67 35 448
Germany: Diagnostics monitor In Germany a regular constancy test of the diagnostics monitor in
accordance with DIN 6868-157 is required by the radiation protection
ordinance.
Dentsply Sirona provides the Simocon 2 software for easy
implementation of this legal requirement. You can find this software and
the corresponding instructions for use on your Sidexis CD under the
"Tools" section.
Worldwide / USA ● Axeos Constancy Test 2D and 3D (Dentsply Sirona /
21.CFR1020.33 / UK&IRL), REF 67 45 017

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7.1 Help messages Instructions for use Axeos

7 Malfunctions

7.1 Help messages

When working with the unit, help messages are displayed for certain
actions (e.g. H301 for press R key), which require the user to perform
an action. These help messages are listed below. If an error occurs,
error messages are output starting with "E" followed by 5 digits, see
"Error description" [→ 161].
ü The unit is switched on and ready for operation.
1. Press the exposure release button.
Ä The message H3 / H4 xx appears.
2. See list below about how to proceed to make the system ready for
exposure.

H301 – R button, move into starting position

The rotating unit is not in the starting position.

CAUTION
Risk of injury due to unit movement.
Switching on the unit and activating the R key result in movement of
the unit. The patient is positioned in the unit or is in the immediate
vicinity of the unit. Parts of the unit collide with the patient.
➢ Check that a patient is not positioned in the unit or in the
immediate vicinity of the unit before switching it on or moving it to
the starting position.

➢ Press the R key.

Ä The unit travels to the starting position.

H307 – Change bite block

The occlusal bite block cannot be used for the selected exposure
program.
➢ Remove the occlusal bite block from the unit, use the positioning aid
that matches the exposure type.
Ä The program sequence is continued.

H320 – R button, confirm exposure data

The exposure data has not yet been acknowledged.
➢ Press the R key.
Ä Exposure data is confirmed.

H321 – Close the door

Check door contact of the X-ray room.
➢ Close the door to the X-ray room.
Ä The contact switch on the door is closed.

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Dentsply Sirona 7 Malfunctions
Instructions for use Axeos 7.1 Help messages

H322 – Select quadrant

No quadrant is selected.
➢ Select the desired quadrant.
Ä The program sequence is continued.

H325 – Select region of exposure

No volume region selected.
➢ A dental arch showing the volume regions is displayed on the
touchscreen. Touch a region to select it.
Ä The program sequence is continued.

H403 – Switch SIDEXIS to ready for exposure state

SIDEXIS is not ready for exposure.
➢ Make SIDEXIS ready for exposure; see the SIDEXIS Operator's
Manual.

H405 – Plug in TSA sensor

The sensor does not match the selected exposure type.
➢ Plug the sensor into the TSA sensor slot.
Ä The program sequence is continued.

H406 – R button, move into Ceph starting position

Ceph is not in the starting position.
➢ Press the R key.
Ä The unit travels to the starting position.

H420 – Rescue: do not switch off! See instructions, Rescue program

for image transfer problems
The image could not be transferred to Sidexis.

CAUTION
The exposure memory of the unit is cleared when the unit is switched
off.
Images that have not been transferred to Sidexis cannot be restored
using Unit Rescue.
➢ Never switch off the unit before transferring the images to Sidexis.

➢ Save the exposure using Unit Rescue.

Ä The image is transferred to Sidexis.

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7.2 Error message structure Instructions for use Axeos

7.2 Error message structure

The error messages are displayed on the device in the form of an error
code. The display does not show any plain text error output.
The error codes are structured according to the following pattern: Ex yy
zz.
Explanation of abbreviations:

Ex – Error type
The x character provides a foundation for making quick decisions as to
how serious the error is and how to handle the error.

yy – Locality
Describes the impaired function of the device.

zz – Identification
Further specification of the error with a consecutive number.

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Instructions for use Axeos 7.3 Error description

7.3 Error description

7.3.1 Ex – Error type
NOTICE
The unit must not be switched on/off constantly.
Constant switching on and off reduces the service life of individual
unit components and results in increased power consumption.
➢ After switching the unit off, wait for approx. 60 seconds before
switching it on again.

E1 – System warning/message
The error is in an acceptable tolerance range. Device operation is not
directly impaired.
1. Acknowledge the error message.
2. Contact your Customer Service.
Ä Continued device operation is ensured.

E2 – Overload
The error can be traced back to temporary overheating or something
similar.
1. Acknowledge the error message.
2. Wait for a moment and repeat the procedure step. If the error
reappears, extend the waiting time.
Ä The error no longer occurs after a certain waiting period.
3. If the error persists, contact your Customer Service.

E3 – Key pressed during power-up

The error results from an invalid signal state due to pushing buttons and
security signals during power-up.
1. Switch the unit off and on again. NOTICE! Observe waiting period!
2. If the error persists, contact your Customer Service.

E4 – mechanical blocking
Errors that indicate mechanical blocking of motor-driven parts.
1. Check whether the device is mechanically blocked.
Remove objects.
2. Switch off/on. Check whether the error occurs again.
If the error is persistent, inform customer service.

E5 – Malfunction during exposure or exposure preparation

Error resulting from a certain system action triggered by the user which
could not be performed because a required (internal) partial function
(software or hardware) is not ready or fails.
1. Acknowledge the error message.
2. Repeat the last procedure step or exposure.
Ä The error no longer occurs.
3. If the error persists, contact your Customer Service.

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7.3 Error description Instructions for use Axeos

E6 – Self-check
The error occurs spontaneously and without a corresponding operation.
1. Acknowledge the error message.
Ä The error no longer occurs.
2. If the error remains, switch the unit off and on again. NOTICE!
Observe waiting period!
Ä The error no longer occurs.
3. If the error persists, contact your Customer Service.

E7 – Serious system error

The error occurs spontaneously and without a corresponding operation.
1. Switch off the unit.
2. Contact your Customer Service immediately.
Ä The unit is functional.

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Dentsply Sirona 7 Malfunctions
Instructions for use Axeos 7.3 Error description

7.3.2 yy – Locality
The location may be a DX module number standing for an entire HW
function unit, or a logical SW function unit on board DX11 (central
control).
06 – Tube assembly
07 – Easypad user interface
10 – Central control DX 11; system hardware
11 – Central control DX 11; system software
12 – Central control DX 11; central CAN bus fault
13 – Central control DX 11; DX11, DX1 periphery (motor system of
stand, sensor system of stand)
14 – Central control DX 11; digital extension (HSI, network, etc.)
15 – Central control DX 11; configuration (wrong software, wrong
module constellation, etc.)
16 – Central control DX 11; Zero Management
20 – Central control DX 11; Framegrabber application
22 – Central control DX 11; 2D Imaging System
23 – Central control DX 11; 3D Imaging System
42 – Remote
61 – Diaphragm control
81 – Ceph Sensor
83/831 – DX83 Sensor
91 – Ceph digital

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8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph) Instructions for use Axeos

8 Program values

8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph)

8.1.1 Panoramic exposure index 1E
Code 1E
This level series is factory programmed for the Federal Republic of
Germany. The code 1E, which specifies a reduced level series for
children and young people, should at least be complied with by law for
new installations or relocation/ shifting of operations since January 1,
1999 in the Federal Republic of Germany. Furthermore, this level series
can also be applied worldwide.

Level series for code 1E

Program Pro- Max. Quick- Max. Factory setting User-defined values

gram expo- shot Quick- – Please enter here –
dura- sure pro- shot
tion time gram expo-
ap- dura- sure
prox. tion time
ap-
prox.

P1 19.0s 14.1s 14.2s 9.0s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14

12.9s 8.0s 10.3s 5.1s
P1A 21.8s 14.1s 18.2s 9.0s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
15.4s 8.0s 13.9s 5.1s
P1C 20.1s 14.1s 17.1s 10.5s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
13.3s 8.0s 12.6s 5.9s
P2 16.4s 11.5s 12.4s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.6s 6.7s 9.4s 4.2s
P2A 18.0s 11.5s 15.0s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
12.1s 6.7s 11.8s 4.2s
P2C 16.8s 11.5s 13.7s 8.5s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.7s 6.7s 9.7s 4.9s
P10 16.4s 11.5s 11.4s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.6s 6.7s 9.4s 4.2s
P10A 18.0s 11.5s 15.0s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
12.1s 6.7s 11.8s 4.2s
P10C 16.8s 11.5s 13.7s 8.5s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.7s 6.7s 9.8s 4.9s
P12 11.9s 4.9s 69/8 75/8 78/14 84/12

BW1 23.0s 8.8s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14

23.0s 4.5s
BW2 18.0s 5.1s 63/6 66/8 69/12 72/14

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Dentsply Sirona 8 Program values
Instructions for use Axeos 8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph)

Program Pro- Max. Quick- Max. Factory setting User-defined values

gram expo- shot Quick- – Please enter here –
dura- sure pro- shot
tion time gram expo-
ap- dura- sure
prox. tion time
ap-
prox.
TM1.1+ 16.1+ 6.4+ 66/8 69/8 72/14 75/14
TM1.2 16.1s 6.4s
TM3 18.4s 8.1s 63/8 66/8 69/12 72/14
S1 19.8s 14.4s 69/8 75/8 78/14 84/12
S3 20.0s 8.1s 69/8 75/8 78/14 84/12

Possible kV/mA combinations for preselected patient symbols 1 and

2 for code 1E selectable using the +/- keys on the kV/mA setting

kV 60 60 60 60 60 63 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 90
mA 3 5 6 7 8 6 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 6 6

Possible kV/mA combinations for preselected patient symbols 3 and

4 for code 1E selectable using the +/- buttons on the kV/mA setting

kV 60 60 60 60 60 63 63 69 69 72 75 78 81 84 90
mA 8 10 12 14 16 14 16 12 16 14 14 14 12 12 12

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8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph) Instructions for use Axeos

8.1.2 Panoramic exposure index 2E

Code 2E
It guarantees that the applicable legal regulations which must be
complied with since January 1, 1999 are strictly observed. Furthermore,
this level series can also be applied worldwide. National regulations
must be complied with. The exposure times indicated represent the
corresponding maximum.

Level series for code 2E

Program Pro- Max. Quick- Max. Factory setting User-defined values

gram expo- shot Quick- – Please enter here –
dura- sure pro- shot
tion time gram expo-
ap- dura- sure
prox. tion ap- time
prox.

P1 19.0s 14.1s 14.2s 9.0s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8

12.9s 8.0s 10.3s 5.1s
P1A 21.8s 14.1s 18.2s 9.0s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
15.4s 8.0s 13.9s 5.1s
P1C 20.1s 14.1s 17.1s 10.5s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
13.3s 8.0s 12.6s 5.9s
P2 16.4s 11.5s 12.4s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
11.6s 6.7s 9.4s 4.2s
P2A 18.0s 11.5s 15.0s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
12.1s 6.7s 11.8s 4.2s
P2C 16.8s 11.5s 13.7s 8.5s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
11.7s 6.7s 9.7s 4.9s
P10 16.4s 11.5s 11.4s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
11.6s 6.7s 9.4s 4.2s
P10A 18.0s 11.5s 15.0s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
12.1s 6.7s 11.8s 4.2s
P10C 16.8s 11.5s 13.7s 8.5s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
11.7s 6.7s 9.8s 4.9s
P12 11.9s 4.9s 69/8 75/8 78/7 84/6
BW1 23.0s 8.8s 63/6 63/8 69/8 72/8
23.0s 4.5s
BW2 18.0s 5.1s 63/6 66/8 69/8 72/8
TM1.1+ 16.1+ 6.4+ 66/8 69/8 72/8 75/8
TM1.2 16.1s 6.4s
TM3 18.4s 8.1s 63/8 66/8 69/8 72/8
S1 19.8s 14.4s 69/8 75/8 78/7 84/6
S3 20.0s 8.1s 69/8 75/8 78/7 84/6

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Dentsply Sirona 8 Program values
Instructions for use Axeos 8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph)

Possible kV/mA combinations for code 2E selectable using the +/-

keys on the kV/mA setting

kV 60 60 60 60 60 63 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 90
mA 3 5 6 7 8 6 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 6 6

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8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph) Instructions for use Axeos

8.1.3 Panoramic exposure index 3E

Index 3E
It guarantees that the applicable legal regulations which must be
complied with since January 1, 1999 are strictly observed. Furthermore,
this level series can also be applied worldwide. National regulations
must be complied with. The exposure times indicated represent the
corresponding maximum.

Level series for index 3E

Program Pro- Max. Quick- Max. Factory setting User-defined values

gram expo- shot Quick- – Please enter here –
dura- sure pro- shot
tion time gram expo-
ap- dura- sure
prox. tion ap- time
prox.

P1 19.0s 14.1s 14.2s 9.0s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14

12.9s 8.0s 10.3s 5.1s
P1A 21.8s 14.1s 18.2s 9.0s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
15.4s 8.0s 13.9s 5.1s
P1C 20.1s 14.1s 17.1s 10.5s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
13.3s 8.0s 12.6s 5.9s
P2 16.4s 11.5s 12.4s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.6s 6.7s 9.4s 4.2s
P2A 18.0s 11.5s 15.0s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
12.1s 6.7s 11.8s 4.2s
P2C 16.8s 11.5s 13.7s 8.5s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.7s 6.7s 9.7s 4.9s
P10 16.4s 11.5s 11.4s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.6s 6.7s 9.4s 4.2s
P10A 18.0s 11.5s 15.0s 7.3s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
12.1s 6.7s 11.8s 4.2s
P10C 16.8s 11.5s 13.7s 8.5s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
11.7s 6.7s 9.8s 4.9s
P12 11.9s 4.9s 69/8 75/8 78/14 84/12
BW1 23.0s 8.8s 63/6 63/8 69/12 72/14
23.0s 4.5s
BW2 18.0s 5.1s 63/6 66/8 69/12 72/14
TM1.1+ 16.1+ 6.4+ 66/8 69/8 72/14 75/14
TM1.2 16.1s 6.4s
TM3 18.4s 8.1s 63/8 66/8 69/12 72/14
S1 19.8s 14.4s 69/8 75/8 78/14 84/12
S3 20.0s 8.1s 69/8 75/8 78/14 84/12

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Dentsply Sirona 8 Program values
Instructions for use Axeos 8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph)

Possible kV/mA combinations for preselected patient symbols 1 and

2 for index 3E selectable using the +/- keys on the kV/mA setting

kV 60 60 60 60 60 63 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 90
mA 3 5 6 7 8 6 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 6 6

Possible kV/mA combinations for preselected patient symbols 3 and

4 for index 3E selectable using the +/- buttons on the kV/mA setting

kV 60 60 60 60 60 63 63 69 69 72 75 78 81 84 90
mA 8 10 12 14 15 14 15 12 15 14 14 14 12 12 12

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8.1 2D exposures (Pan/Ceph) Instructions for use Axeos

8.1.4 Cephalometric exposures

The radiation time is max. 14.9 s and can be reduced to 7.5 s by
selecting the Quickshot function.
Level series for cephalometric exposures

Program Max. expo- Max. Quick- Factory setting User-defined values

sure time shot expo- – Please enter here –
sure time

C1 9.1 s 6.1 s 80/14 80/14 84/13 90/12

C2 9.1 s 6.1 s 80/14 80/14 84/13 90/12
C3 9.4 s 4.7 s 73/15 73/15 77/14 84/13
C3 F 14.9 s 7.5 s 73/15 73/15 77/14 84/13
C4 9.1 s 4.6 s 64/16 64/16 64/16 64/16

Possible kV/mA combinations for cephalometric exposures

kV 60 60 60 60 60 62 64 66 69 71 73 77 80 84 90
mA 9 10 12 14 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 14 14 13 12

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Dentsply Sirona 8 Program values
Instructions for use Axeos 8.2 3D exposures (DVT)

8.2 3D exposures (DVT)

Program:
VOL1 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6 s 4.4 s 4.4 s 4.4 s

Program:
VOL1 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s

Program:
VOL1 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s

Program:
VOL2 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6 s 4.4 s 4.4 s 4.4 s

Program:
VOL2 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s

Program:
VOL2 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s

Program:
VOL3 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6 s 4.4 s 4.4 s 4.4 s

Program:
VOL3 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s

Program:
VOL3 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s

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8.2 3D exposures (DVT) Instructions for use Axeos

Program:
VOL4 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 4.5 s 5.9 s 5.9 s 5.9 s

Program:
VOL4 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s

Program:
VOL4 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 3.9 s 3.9 s 3.9 s 3.9 s

Possible kV/mA combinations for the 3D exposures selectable in HD

capture mode using the +/- keys of the kV/mA setting

kV 85 85 85 85 85 85 85
mA 4 5 6 7 8 10 12

8.2.1 3D exposure code 4E

Program:
VOL1 HD
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s

Program:
VOL2 HD
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s

Program:
VOL3 HD
kV/mA 85/6 85/6 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s

Program:
VOL4 HD
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s

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Dentsply Sirona 9 Dose information
Instructions for use Axeos

9 Dose information
The radiation exposure is expressed as a dose area product [mGycm²].
To offset measurement errors and system and unit variations, a
tolerance of 20% must be taken into account.
Two different dose measurement methods are used worldwide to
determine the dose area product:
● Measurement method 1: without measurement of backscatter
effects [→ 174]
● Measurement method 2: with measurement of backscatter effects
[→ 186]
Because of the different measurement methods, the measured values
differ significantly for the same program setting.
This corresponding values are listed in the following sections.
The dose area product for the parameter combinations proposed by
Dentsply Sirona has been calculated already. The DAP value can be
used without any further calculations.

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9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 Instructions for use Axeos

9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to

measurement method 1
IMPORTANT
The dose area product values given in this chapter were determined
according to measurement method 1 (without measurement of
backscatter effects).

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Dentsply Sirona 9 Dose information
Instructions for use Axeos 9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1

9.1.1 2D exposures Pan

Dose level series index 1E (8 mA / 12/14 mA series)
Information on dose area product (DAP/absorbed dose) for panoramic
radiographs, temporomandibular joint exposures, and sinus exposures.

Program Maximum ef- Factory-programmed values

fective radia-
tion time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/ kV/mA
mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
P1 14.1 9.0 63/6 43 28 63/8 58 37 69/12 105 67 72/14 134 85
P1 L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 25 16 63/8 33 21 69/12 59 38 72/14 76 48
P1A 14.1 9.0 63/6 43 28 63/8 58 37 69/12 105 67 72/14 134 85
P1A L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 25 16 63/8 33 21 69/12 59 38 72/14 76 48
P1C 14.1 10.5 63/6 43 32 63/8 58 43 69/12 105 78 72/14 134 99
P1C L/R 8.0 6.0 63/6 25 19 63/8 33 25 69/12 59 44 72/14 76 57
P2 11.5 7.3 63/6 35 23 63/8 47 30 69/12 85 54 72/14 109 69
P2 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 21 13 63/8 27 18 69/12 50 32 72/14 63 40
P2A 11.5 7.3 63/6 35 23 63/8 47 30 69/12 85 54 72/14 109 69
P2A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 21 13 63/8 27 18 69/12 50 32 72/14 63 40
P2C 11.5 8.5 63/6 35 26 63/8 47 35 69/12 85 63 72/14 109 80
P2C L/R 6.7 5.0 63/6 21 16 63/8 27 21 69/12 50 37 72/14 63 47
P10 11.5 7.3 63/6 23 15 63/8 30 19 69/12 55 35 72/14 70 44
P10 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 13 9 63/8 18 11 69/12 32 21 72/14 41 26
P10A 11.5 7.3 63/6 23 15 63/8 30 19 69/12 55 35 72/14 70 44
P10A L/ 6.7 4.3 63/6 13 9 63/8 18 11 69/12 32 21 72/14 41 26
R
P10C 11.5 8.5 63/6 23 17 63/8 30 22 69/12 55 41 72/14 70 52
P10C L/ 6.7 5.0 63/6 13 10 63/8 18 13 69/12 32 24 72/14 41 30
R
P12 4.9 69/8 24 75/8 29 78/14 54 84/12 54
BW1 8.8 63/6 16 63/8 21 69/12 39 72/14 50
BW1 L/R 4.5 63/6 8 63/8 11 69/12 20 72/14 26
BW2 5.1 63/6 9 66/8 14 69/12 23 72/14 29
TM1.1 12.8 66/8 58 69/8 64 72/14 121 75/14 132
TM3 8.1 63/8 33 66/8 37 69/12 60 72/14 77
S1 14.4 69/8 72 75/8 85 78/14 161 84/12 159
S3 8.1 69/8 40 75/8 48 78/14 90 84/12 89

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9 Dose information Dentsply Sirona
9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 Instructions for use Axeos

Dose level series index 2E (8 mA series)

Information on dose area product (DAP/absorbed dose) for panoramic
radiographs, temporomandibular joint exposures, and sinus exposures.

Program Maximum ef- Factory-programmed values

fective radia-
tion time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/ kV/
mA mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
P1 14.1 9.0 63/6 43 28 63/8 58 37 69/8 70 45 72/8 77 49
P1 L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 25 16 63/8 33 21 69/8 40 25 72/8 43 28
P1A 14.1 9.0 63/6 43 28 63/8 58 37 69/8 70 45 72/8 77 49
P1A L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 25 16 63/8 33 21 69/8 40 25 72/8 43 28
P1C 14.1 10.5 63/6 43 32 63/8 58 43 69/8 70 52 72/8 77 57
P1C L/R 8.0 6.0 63/6 25 19 63/8 33 25 69/8 40 30 72/8 43 33
P2 11.5 7.3 63/6 35 23 63/8 47 30 69/8 57 36 72/8 62 40
P2 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 21 13 63/8 27 18 69/8 33 21 72/8 36 23
P2A 11.5 7.3 63/6 35 23 63/8 47 30 69/8 57 36 72/8 62 40
P2A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 21 13 63/8 27 18 69/8 33 21 72/8 36 23
P2C 11.5 8.5 63/6 35 26 63/8 47 35 69/8 57 42 72/8 62 46
P2C L/R 6.7 5.0 63/6 21 16 63/8 27 21 69/8 33 25 72/8 36 27
P10 11.5 7.3 63/6 23 15 63/8 30 19 69/8 37 23 72/8 40 26
P10 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 13 9 63/8 18 11 69/8 21 14 72/8 23 15
P10A 11.5 7.3 63/6 23 15 63/8 30 19 69/8 37 23 72/8 40 26
P10A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 13 9 63/8 18 11 69/8 21 14 72/8 23 15
P10C 11.5 8.5 63/6 23 17 63/8 30 22 69/8 37 27 72/8 40 30
P10C L/ 6.7 5.0 63/6 13 10 63/8 18 13 69/8 21 16 72/8 23 18
R
P12 4.9 69/8 24 75/8 29 78/7 27 84/6 27
BW1 8.8 63/6 16 63/8 21 69/8 26 72/8 29
BW1 L/R 4.5 63/6 8 63/8 11 69/8 14 72/8 15
BW2 5.1 63/6 9 66/8 14 69/8 15 72/8 17
TM1.1 12.8 66/8 58 69/8 64 72/8 69 75/8 75
TM3 8.1 63/8 33 66/8 37 69/8 40 72/8 44
S1 14.4 69/8 72 75/8 85 78/7 81 84/6 80
S3 8.1 69/8 40 75/8 48 78/7 45 84/6 45

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1

Dose level series index 3E (8 mA / 12/14 mA series)

Information on dose area product (DAP/absorbed dose) for panoramic
radiographs, temporomandibular joint exposures, and sinus exposures.

Program Maximum Factory-programmed values

effective ra-
diation time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/mA kV/
mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
P1 14.1 9.0 63/6 43 28 63/8 58 37 69/12 105 67 72/14 134 85
P1 L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 25 16 63/8 33 21 69/12 59 38 72/14 76 48
P1A 14.1 9.0 63/6 43 28 63/8 58 37 69/12 105 67 72/14 134 85
P1A L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 25 16 63/8 33 21 69/12 59 38 72/14 76 48
P1C 14.1 10.5 63/6 43 32 63/8 58 43 69/12 105 78 72/14 134 99
P1C L/R 8.0 6.0 63/6 25 19 63/8 33 25 69/12 59 44 72/14 76 57
P2 11.5 7.3 63/6 35 23 63/8 47 30 69/12 85 54 72/14 109 69
P2 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 21 13 63/8 27 18 69/12 50 32 72/14 63 40
P2A 11.5 7.3 63/6 35 23 63/8 47 30 69/12 85 54 72/14 109 69
P2A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 21 13 63/8 27 18 69/12 50 32 72/14 63 40
P2C 11.5 8.5 63/6 35 26 63/8 47 35 69/12 85 63 72/14 109 80
P2C L/R 6.7 5.0 63/6 21 16 63/8 27 21 69/12 50 37 72/14 63 47
P10 11.5 7.3 63/6 23 15 63/8 30 19 69/12 55 35 72/14 70 44
P10 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 13 9 63/8 18 11 69/12 32 21 72/14 41 26
P10A 11.5 7.3 63/6 23 15 63/8 30 19 69/12 55 35 72/14 70 44
P10A L/ 6.7 4.3 63/6 13 9 63/8 18 11 69/12 32 21 72/14 41 26
R
P10C 11.5 8.5 63/6 23 17 63/8 30 22 69/12 55 41 72/14 70 52
P10C L/ 6.7 5.0 63/6 13 10 63/8 18 13 69/12 32 24 72/14 41 30
R
P12 4.9 69/8 24 75/8 29 78/14 54 84/12 54
BW1 8.8 63/6 16 63/8 21 69/12 39 72/14 50
BW1 L/R 4.5 63/6 8 63/8 11 69/12 20 72/14 26
BW2 5.1 63/6 9 66/8 14 69/12 23 72/14 29
TM1.1 12.8 66/8 58 69/8 64 72/14 121 75/14 132
TM3 8.1 63/8 33 66/8 37 69/12 60 72/14 77
S1 14.4 69/8 72 75/8 85 78/14 161 84/12 159
S3 8.1 69/8 40 75/8 48 78/14 90 84/12 89

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9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 Instructions for use Axeos

9.1.2 3D exposures
The Axeos Imaging System X-ray system operates with a fixed setting
of 85 kV and values ranging from 4 to 13 mA for volume exposures.

Program:
VOL1 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6s 4.4s 4.4s 4.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 128 220 314 408
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 89 152 217 282
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 91 157 223 290
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL1 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 453 566 679 792
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 313 391 469 547
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 320 400 480 560
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1

Program:
VOL1 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 679 792 906 1132
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 469 547 625 781
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 480 560 640 800
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL1 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 26 30 43 56
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 18 21 30 39
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 19 22 31 40
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL2 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6 s 4.4 s 4.4 s 4.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 56 96 137 178
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 58 99 141 183
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 Instructions for use Axeos

Program:
VOL2 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 195 244 293 342
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 200 250 300 350
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL2 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 293 342 390 488
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 300 350 400 500
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL2 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 12 14 19 25
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 12 14 20 26
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1

Program:
VOL3 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6 s 4.4 s 4.4 s 4.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 210 361 516 671
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 160 274 392 509
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 164 281 402 522
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL3 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 733 917 1100 1283
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 557 696 835 974
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 571 714 856 999
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL3 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 1100 1283 1466 1833
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 835 974 1113 1391
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 856 999 1142 1427
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 Instructions for use Axeos

Program:
VOL3 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s 2.2 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 43 50 71 92
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 32 38 54 69
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 33 39 55 71
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL4 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 4.5 s 5.9 s 5.9 s 5.9 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 308 406 580 754
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 181 239 341 444
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 250 330 471 612
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL4 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 717 896 1075 1255
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 421 526 632 737
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 577 721 865 1009
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1

Program:
VOL4 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/5 85/6 85/10
Effective radiation time 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 1075 1255 1434 1792
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 632 737 842 1052
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 865 1009 1153 1441
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL4 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 3.9 s 3.9 s 3.9 s 3.9 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 103 120 171 222
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 60 70 100 129
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 83 97 139 180
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

9.1.3 Calculating dosage information

For any freely programmed value pairs, you must calculate the
value using the kV/DAP lists; see sample calculation:
The expert guideline requires either that devices for
DAP display of the radiation exposure of the patient be present or that
this information can be determined, e.g. in the form of tables.
To compensate for measuring errors as well as for system and
instrument variations, a tolerance of 20 % must be taken into account.
The radiation exposure is expressed as the dose area product (DAP) of
2
the absorbed dose (Gy x cm ) per mAs for each unit as well as each
selectable kV level and diaphragm.
Calculation The information has been calculated for the value pairs suggested by
Dentsply Sirona. If other setting values are used, proceed as follows
using the kV/DAP lists:
1. Select the set kV level from the table of the respective X-ray system
and note down the DAP factor.
2. Multiply the DAP factor by the actually used mA (as indicated on the
X-ray system).
3. Multiply the result by the actual exposure time (see Multitimer or
table).

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9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1 Instructions for use Axeos

Sample calculation
X-ray exposure with program P1 and a kV/mA value pair of 60 kV/
10 mA
For step 1: 60 kV has a DAP factor of 0.5693 with diaphragm 10
For step 2: 10 mA displayed
For step 3: the exposure time is 14.1 s

DAP

2D exposures

kV DAP factor DAP factor DAP factor DAP factor

Programs P1/P2/P12/TM1.1/ Programs P10 Programs BW1 Programs BW2
2 2 2
TM3/S1/S3 (mGy x cm /mAs) (mGy x cm /mAs) (mGy x cm /mAs)
2
(mGy x cm /mAs)
UJ* LJ* UJ* LJ*
60 0.4583 0.3099 0.2588 0.2916 0.1808 0.2265 0.2661 0.2652
63 0.5103 0.3464 0.2885 0.3243 0.2029 0.2525 0.2992 0.2980
66 0.5643 0.3847 0.3204 0.3591 0.2259 0.2800 0.3328 0.3319
69 0.6210 0.4239 0.3538 0.3975 0.2505 0.3109 0.3701 0.3696
72 0.6787 0.4655 0.3884 0.4348 0.2765 0.3412 0.4080 0.4065
75 0.7382 0.5085 0.4237 0.4739 0.3030 0.3733 0.4472 0.4453
78 0.8001 0.5526 0.4612 0.5146 0.3314 0.4062 0.4880 0.4873
81 0.8664 0.6008 0.5017 0.5592 0.3627 0.4416 0.5314 0.5301
84 0.9218 0.6405 0.5382 0.5983 0.3901 0.4741 0.5751 0.5740
90 1.0444 10.7310 0.6126 0.6756 0.4446 0.5378 0.6680 0.6670

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 1

3D exposures

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL1 (mGy x cm /mAs)
8x8 8 x 5.5 (UJ*) 8 x 5.5 (LJ*)
85 SD 7.295 5.043 5.184
85 HD 7.967 5.498 5.634
85 Low dose 2.027 1.394 1.437

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL2 (mGy x cm /mAs)
5 x 5.5 (UJ*) 5 x 5.5 (LJ*)
85 SD 3.170 3.262
85 HD 3.433 3.52
85 Low dose 0.887 0.916

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL3 (mGy x cm /mAs)
11 x 10 11 x 7.5 (UJ*) 11 x 8 (LJ*)
85 SD 11.992 9.095 9.327
85 HD 12.902 9.793 10.046
85 Low dose 3.356 2.525 2.592

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL4 (mGy x cm /mAs)
17 x 13 17 x 7.5 (UJ*) 17 x 10 (LJ*)
85 SD 9.99 5.876 8.104
85 HD 10.859 6.375 8.728
85 Low Dose 4.486 2.605 3.634

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 Instructions for use Axeos

9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to

measurement method 2
IMPORTANT
The dose area product values given in this chapter were determined
according to measurement method 2 (with measurement of
backscatter effects).

9.2.1 2D exposures Pan

Dose level series index 1E (8 mA / 12/14 mA series)
Information on dose area product (DAP/absorbed dose) for panoramic
radiographs, temporomandibular joint exposures, and sinus exposures.

Program Maximum ef- Factory-programmed values

fective radia-
tion time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/ kV/mA
mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
P1 14.1 9.0 63/6 51 33 63/8 68 43 69/12 121 77 72/14 151 96
P1 L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 29 18 63/8 38 24 69/12 69 44 72/14 85 54
P1A 14.1 9.0 63/6 51 33 63/8 68 43 69/12 121 77 72/14 151 96
P1A L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 29 18 63/8 38 24 69/12 69 44 72/14 85 54
P1C 14.1 10.5 63/6 51 38 63/8 68 50 69/12 121 90 72/14 151 112
P1C L/R 8.0 6.0 63/6 29 22 63/8 38 29 69/12 69 51 72/14 85 64
P2 11.5 7.3 63/6 42 26 63/8 55 35 69/12 99 62 72/14 123 78
P2 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 24 16 63/8 32 21 69/12 57 37 72/14 71 46
P2A 11.5 7.3 63/6 42 26 63/8 55 35 69/12 99 62 72/14 123 78
P2A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 24 16 63/8 32 21 69/12 57 37 72/14 71 46
P2C 11.5 8.5 63/6 42 31 63/8 55 41 69/12 99 73 72/14 123 91
P2C L/R 6.7 5.0 63/6 24 18 63/8 32 24 69/12 57 43 72/14 71 53
P10 11.5 7.3 63/6 24 15 63/8 32 20 69/12 56 36 72/14 70 44
P10 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 14 9 63/8 18 12 69/12 33 21 72/14 41 26
P10A 11.5 7.3 63/6 24 15 63/8 32 20 69/12 56 36 72/14 70 44
P10A L/ 6.7 4.3 63/6 14 9 63/8 18 12 69/12 33 21 72/14 41 26
R
P10C 11.5 8.5 63/6 24 18 63/8 32 23 69/12 56 41 72/14 70 52
P10C L/ 6.7 5.0 63/6 14 11 63/8 18 14 69/12 33 24 72/14 41 30
R
P12 4.9 69/8 28 75/8 32 78/14 61 84/12 58

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2

Program Maximum ef- Factory-programmed values

fective radia-
tion time
BW1 8.8 63/6 18 63/8 24 69/12 42 72/14 53
BW1 L/R 4.5 63/6 9 63/8 12 69/12 21 72/14 27
BW2 5.1 63/6 10 66/8 15 69/12 24 72/14 30
TM1.1+ 6.4+ 66/8 67 69/8 73 72/14 137 75/14 148
TM1.2 6.4
TM3 8.1 63/8 39 66/8 43 69/12 69 72/14 86
S1 14.4 69/8 83 75/8 96 78/14 179 84/12 173
S3 8.1 69/8 46 75/8 54 78/14 101 84/12 97

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9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 Instructions for use Axeos

Dose level series index 2E (8 mA series)

Information on dose area product (DAP/absorbed dose) for panoramic
radiographs, temporomandibular joint exposures, and sinus exposures.

Program Maximum ef- Factory-programmed values

fective radia-
tion time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/ kV/
mA mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
P1 14.1 9.0 63/6 51 33 63/8 68 43 69/8 81 52 72/8 86 55
P1 L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 29 18 63/8 38 24 69/8 46 29 72/8 49 31
P1A 14.1 9.0 63/6 51 33 63/8 68 43 69/8 81 52 72/8 86 55
P1A L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 29 18 63/8 38 24 69/8 46 29 72/8 49 31
P1C 14.1 10.5 63/6 51 38 63/8 68 50 69/8 81 60 72/8 86 64
P1C L/R 8.0 6.0 63/6 29 22 63/8 38 29 69/8 46 34 72/8 49 37
P2 11.5 7.3 63/6 42 26 63/8 55 35 69/8 66 42 72/8 70 45
P2 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 24 16 63/8 32 21 69/8 38 25 72/8 41 26
P2A 11.5 7.3 63/6 42 26 63/8 55 35 69/8 66 42 72/8 70 45
P2A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 24 16 63/8 32 21 69/8 38 25 72/8 41 26
P2C 11.5 8.5 63/6 42 31 63/8 55 41 69/8 66 49 72/8 70 52
P2C L/R 6.7 5.0 63/6 24 18 63/8 32 24 69/8 38 29 72/8 41 31
P10 11.5 7.3 63/6 24 15 63/8 32 20 69/8 37 24 72/8 40 26
P10 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 14 9 63/8 18 12 69/8 22 14 72/8 23 15
P10A 11.5 7.3 63/6 24 15 63/8 32 20 69/8 37 24 72/8 40 26
P10A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 14 9 63/8 18 12 69/8 22 14 72/8 23 15
P10C 11.5 8.5 63/6 24 18 63/8 32 23 69/8 37 28 72/8 40 30
P10C L/ 6.7 5.0 63/6 14 11 63/8 18 14 69/8 22 16 72/8 23 18
R
P12 4.9 69/8 28 75/8 32 78/7 31 84/6 29
BW1 8.8 63/6 18 63/8 24 69/8 28 72/8 30
BW1 L/R 4.5 63/6 9 63/8 12 69/8 14 72/8 16
BW2 5.1 63/6 10 66/8 15 69/8 16 72/8 18
TM1.1+ 6.4+ 66/8 67 69/8 73 72/8 78 75/8 85
TM1.2 6.4
TM3 8.1 63/8 39 66/8 43 69/8 46 72/8 50
S1 14.4 69/8 83 75/8 96 78/7 90 84/6 87
S3 8.1 69/8 46 75/8 54 78/7 51 84/6 49

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Dose level series index 3E (8 mA / 12/14 mA series)

Information on dose area product (DAP/absorbed dose) for panoramic
radiographs, temporomandibular joint exposures, and sinus exposures.

Program Maximum Factory-programmed values

effective ra-
diation time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/mA kV/
mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
P1 14.1 9.0 63/6 51 33 63/8 68 43 69/12 121 77 72/14 151 96
P1 L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 29 18 63/8 38 24 69/12 69 44 72/14 85 54
P1A 14.1 9.0 63/6 51 33 63/8 68 43 69/12 121 77 72/14 151 96
P1A L/R 8.0 5.1 63/6 29 18 63/8 38 24 69/12 69 44 72/14 85 54
P1C 14.1 10.5 63/6 51 38 63/8 68 50 69/12 121 90 72/14 151 112
P1C L/R 8.0 6.0 63/6 29 22 63/8 38 29 69/12 69 51 72/14 85 64
P2 11.5 7.3 63/6 42 26 63/8 55 35 69/12 99 62 72/14 123 78
P2 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 24 16 63/8 32 21 69/12 57 37 72/14 71 46
P2A 11.5 7.3 63/6 42 26 63/8 55 35 69/12 99 62 72/14 123 78
P2A L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 24 16 63/8 32 21 69/12 57 37 72/14 71 46
P2C 11.5 8.5 63/6 42 31 63/8 55 41 69/12 99 73 72/14 123 91
P2C L/R 6.7 5.0 63/6 24 18 63/8 32 24 69/12 57 43 72/14 71 53
P10 11.5 7.3 63/6 24 15 63/8 32 20 69/12 56 36 72/14 70 44
P10 L/R 6.7 4.3 63/6 14 9 63/8 18 12 69/12 33 21 72/14 41 26
P10A 11.5 7.3 63/6 24 15 63/8 32 20 69/12 56 36 72/14 70 44
P10A L/ 6.7 4.3 63/6 14 9 63/8 18 12 69/12 33 21 72/14 41 26
R
P10C 11.5 8.5 63/6 24 18 63/8 32 23 69/12 56 41 72/14 70 52
P10C L/ 6.7 5.0 63/6 14 11 63/8 18 14 69/12 33 24 72/14 41 30
R
P12 4.9 69/8 28 75/8 32 78/14 61 84/12 58
BW1 8.8 63/6 18 63/8 24 69/12 42 72/14 53
BW1 L/R 4.5 63/6 9 63/8 12 69/12 21 72/14 27
BW2 5.1 63/6 10 66/8 15 69/12 24 72/14 30
TM1.1 + 6.4 66/8 67 69/8 73 72/14 137 75/14 148
TM1.2 +
6.4
TM3 8.1 63/8 39 66/8 43 69/12 69 72/14 86
S1 14.4 69/8 83 75/8 96 78/14 179 84/12 173
S3 8.1 69/8 46 75/8 54 78/14 101 84/12 97

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9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 Instructions for use Axeos

9.2.2 3D exposures
The Axeos Imaging System X-ray system operates with a fixed setting
of 85 kV and values ranging from 4 to 13 mA for volume exposures.

Program:
VOL1 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6s 4.4s 4.4s 4.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 174 299 427 555
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 121 208 297 386
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 121 208 297 387
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL1 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 613 766 919 1072
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 427 533 640 747
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 427 533 640 747
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2

Program:
VOL1 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 919 1072 1226 1532
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 640 747 853 1066
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 640 747 853 1066
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL1 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2s 2.2s 2.2s 2.2s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 36 42 60 78
whole volume dia. 8 cm x 8 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 25 30 42 54
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 25 30 42 54
limation to dia. 8 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL2 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6s 4.4s 4.4s 4.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 79 135 193 250
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 79 135 193 250
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Program:
VOL2 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 276 345 414 483
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 276 345 414 483
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL2 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 414 483 552 690
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 414 483 552 690
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL2 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2s 2.2s 2.2s 2.2s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 17 19 27 35
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 17 19 27 35
whole volume dia. 5 cm x 5.5 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2

Program:
VOL3 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.6s 4.4s 4.4s 4.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 286 491 701 911
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 220 377 539 700
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 218 374 534 694
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL3 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s 14.4s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 1007 1258 1510 1761
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 774 967 1160 1353
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 767 959 1150 1342
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL3 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/8 85/10
Effective radiation time 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s 14.4 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 1510 1761 2013 2516
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 1160 1353 1547 1933
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 1150 1342 1533 1917
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 Instructions for use Axeos

Program:
VOL3 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 2.2s 2.2s 2.2s 2.2s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 59 69 98 128
whole volume dia. 11 cm x 10 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 46 53 76 98
limation to dia. 11 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 45 53 75 97
limation to dia. 11 cm x 8 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL4 SD
kV/mA 85/7 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 4.5s 5.9s 5.9s 5.9s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 444 586 836 1087
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 275 363 518 673
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 342 451 644 837
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL4 HD
kV/mA 85/4 85/5 85/6 85/7
Effective radiation time 16.7s 16.7s 16.7s 16.7s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 1047 1308 1570 1832
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 648 810 972 1134
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 806 1007 1208 1410
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2

Program:
VOL4 HD 4E
kV/mA 85/6 85/5 85/6 85/10
Effective radiation time 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s 16.7 s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 1570 1832 2093 2616
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 972 1134 1296 1620
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 1208 1410 1611 2014
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

Program:
VOL4 Low
kV/mA 85/6 85/7 85/10 85/13
Effective radiation time 3.9s 3.9s 3.9s 3.9s
Dose area product (mGycm²) with 152 178 254 329
whole volume dia. 17 cm x 13 cm
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 95 110 157 204
limation to dia. 17 cm x 7.5 cm (UJ*)
Dose area product (mGycm²) with col- 117 137 195 254
limation to dia. 17 cm x 10 cm (LJ*)

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

9.2.3 Calculating dosage information

For any freely programmed value pairs, you must calculate the
value using the kV/DAP lists; see sample calculation:
The expert guideline requires either that devices for
DAP display of the radiation exposure of the patient be present or that
this information can be determined e.g. in the form of tables.
To compensate for measuring errors as well as for system and
instrument variations, a tolerance of 20 % must be taken into account.
The radiation exposure is expressed as the dose area product (DAP) of
2
the absorbed dose (Gy x cm ) per mAs for each unit as well as each
selectable kV level and diaphragm.
Calculation The information has been calculated for the value pairs suggested by
Dentsply Sirona. If other setting values are used, proceed as follows
using the kV/DAP lists:
1. Select the set kV level from the table of the respective X-ray system
and note down the DAP factor.
2. Multiply the DAP factor by the actually used mA (as indicated on the
X-ray system).
3. Multiply the result by the actual exposure time (see Multitimer or
table).

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9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 Instructions for use Axeos

Sample calculation
X-ray exposure with program P1 and a kV/mA value pair of 60 kV/
10 mA
For step 1: 60 kV has a DAP factor of 0.5693 with diaphragm 10
For step 2: 10 mA displayed
For step 3: the exposure time is 14.1 s

DAP

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2

2D exposures

kV DAP factor DAP factor DAP factor DAP factor

Programs P1/P2/P12/TM1.1/ Programs P10 Programs BW1 Programs BW2
2 2 2
TM3/S1/S3 (mGy x cm /mAs) (mGy x cm /mAs) (mGy x cm /mAs)
2
(mGy x cm /mAs)
UJ* LJ* UJ* LJ*
60 0.543 0.370 0.290 0.312 0.185 0.237 0.303 0.297
63 0.600 0.402 0.320 0.340 0.203 0.258 0.332 0.330
66 0.658 0.445 0.351 0.374 0.223 0.284 0.369 0.360
69 0.718 0.481 0.383 0.405 0.241 0.308 0.396 0.392
72 0.767 0.518 0.409 0.435 0.261 0.330 0.431 0.427
75 0.832 0.557 0.444 0.465 0.280 0.353 0.461 0.461
78 0.893 0.599 0.477 0.498 0.299 0.378 0.498 0.497
81 0.961 0.642 0.513 0.536 0.322 0.407 0.532 0.533
84 1.007 0.680 0.537 0.566 0.341 0.430 0.571 0.568
90 1.129 0.756 0.603 0.622 0.375 0.472 0.644 0.642

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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9.2 DAP (Dose Area Product) values according to measurement method 2 Instructions for use Axeos

3D exposures

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL1 (mGy x cm /mAs)
8x8 8 x 5.5 (UJ*) 8 x 5.5 (LJ*)
85 SD 9.921 6.905 6.905
85 HD 10.784 7.506 7.506
85 Low dose 2.835 1.973 1.973

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL2 (mGy x cm /mAs)
5 x 5.5 (UJ*) 5 x 5.5 (LJ*)
85 SD 4.466 4.466
85 HD 4.854 4.855
85 Low dose 1.276 1.276

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL3 (mGy x cm /mAs)
11 x 10 11 x 7.5 (UJ*) 11 x 8 (LJ*)
85 SD 16.295 12.521 12.414
85 HD 17.712 13.61 13.494
85 Low dose 4.656 3.577 3.547

kV 3D exposure DAP factor

2
mode Program VOL4 (mGy x cm /mAs)
17 x 13 17 x 7.5 (UJ*) 17 x 10 (LJ*)
85 SD 14.411 8.925 11.091
85 HD 15.853 9.818 12.201
85 Low Dose 6.659 4.124 5.125

* UJ = Upper jaw, LJ = Lower jaw

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Instructions for use Axeos 9.3 DAP values cephalometry (Ceph)

9.3 DAP values cephalometry (Ceph)

Pro- Max. expo- Factory-programmed values
gram sure time
Seconds DAP DAP DAP DAP
2 2 2 2
mGycm mGycm mGycm mGycm
kV/ kV/ kV/ kV/
mA mA mA mA
Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick- Quick-
shot shot shot shot shot
C1 9.1 6.1 80/14 22 15 80/14 22 15 84/13 22 15 90/12 23 16
C2 9.1 6.1 80/14 22 15 80/14 22 15 84/13 22 15 90/12 23 16
C3 9.4 4.7 73/15 20 10 73/15 20 10 77/14 21 11 84/13 23 12
C3 F 14.9 7.5 73/15 31 16 73/15 31 16 77/14 33 17 84/13 36 18
C4 9.1 4.6 64/16 16 8 64/16 16 8 64/16 16 8 64/16 16 8

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10 Dismantling and disposal Dentsply Sirona
10.1 Dismantling and reinstallation Instructions for use Axeos

10 Dismantling and disposal

IMPORTANT
Please export all test reports that require safekeeping before
dismantling the device.

10.1 Dismantling and reinstallation

When dismantling and reassembling the unit, proceed according to the
installation instructions for new installation in order to guarantee its
functioning and stability.
The X-ray unit must be recalibrated whenever structural alterations in
the area surrounding the X-ray room or new installations have been
performed.

10.2 Disposal
For disposal, the information in these installation instructions Axeos
REF 67 30 811 in section "Important information for repacking and
transport" must be observed.
On the basis of the Directive 2012/19/EU and the country-specific
disposal regulations on waste electrical and electronic equipment, we
would like to stress that such equipment must be disposed of
accordingly, within the European Union (EU). These regulations require
environmentally friendly recycling / disposal of old electrical and
electronic equipment. These parts must not be disposed of as
household waste. This is indicated, among other ways, by the icon of
the "crossed out trash can" since 24 Mar. 2006.

Disposal procedure
We feel responsible for our products from the first idea to their disposal.
For this reason, we give you an option to return our old electronic and
electrical devices.
If you wish to dispose of your equipment, please proceed as follows:

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Instructions for use Axeos 10.2 Disposal

In Germany
To initiate return of the electrical equipment, please send a disposal
request to enretec GmbH. You have the following options for this:
● Use the "Returning an electrical device" button under the "eom"
menu item on the enretec GmbH homepage (www.enretec.de).
● Alternatively, you can also contact enretec GmbH directly.
enretec GmbH
Kanalstrasse 17
16727 Velten
Tel: +49 3304 3919-500
Email: [email protected]
In accordance with the national disposal regulations for old electrical
and electronic devices (ElektroG), as the manufacturer, we assume the
costs for disposing of the electrical and electronic devices in question.
Disassembly, transport, and packaging costs shall be borne by the
owner/operator.
Prior to disassembly/disposal of the unit, it must be reprocessed
professionally (cleaned/disinfected/sterilized).
If your unit is not permanently installed, it will be collected from the
practice. If it is permanently installed, it will be picked up curbside at
your address by appointment.
Abroad:
For country-specific information on disposal, contact your specialty
trader.

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We reserve the right to make any alterations which may be required due to technical improvements.

© SIRONA Dental Systems GmbH Sprache: englisch Printed in Germany

D3644.201.01.03.02 2024-11 Ä.-Nr.: 135 949

SIRONA Dental Systems GmbH

Fabrikstraße 31 Order No 67 30 563 D3644

64625 Bensheim
Germany
www.dentsplysirona.com