o compute the per-jlase cquivalent circuit parameters ol l given lhree plhase

nuuction motor by perfornning no loid and blocked rotor tests.

Apparatus required:
Rating/ Range Make
1.cm Type
Three phase induetion motor
Three phase variac 440/ 0-470 V. 15 A
AC 600 V
Voltmeter
Voltmeter AC 150 V
Ammeter AC 0-5 A
Three phase wattmeter PC: 600 V/ 300V
(or two single phase wattmeters) CC:5 A/ 10A

Theory: The per phase de resistance of the stator 'r' can be measured using a de
voltmeter-ammeter. a Wheatstone bridge (or a Kclvin double bridge) or a digital
multimeter. li °R° is the average de resistance across two stator terminals,
R
for star connection and r = R for delta.
No load test: The induction motor is supplied with rated voltage and frequency and made
to run ireely at no load. The applied voltage "VNI.', the current drawn 'IN. and the input
(three phase) active power Ps1 is measured.
The circuit diagram for the no load test is shown in Fig. 1. The no load slip being
'

small ( s 0 ) . the resistance is very large effecting the parallel combination of

+x)and x, to only x . Thus, the effective no load resistance and reactance per
phase are given by

R (for star connected stator) or

Ry (for dela connection).
(NV3)

Also. Z, -R - RM (for star) or Ry = -R (lor

delta). But from the stator terminals, NI X +* Also, R = + RpOoI , where
RRor is a resistance representing the per phase rotational loss.

Blocked rotor test: This test is

analogous to the short-circuit tust of a transformer. The
rotor is held
stationary (blocked) and the stator is supplied with a low voltage such that
rated current flows in the motor. Readings are taken of the
aplied voltage 'VBR', the
lBR and the motor input power PBr.
current
The circuit diagram for the blocked rotor test
is show i in Fig. 2. There is no
mechanieal losses. and the core loss is negligible. Hence,
Rg (for star connection) or
Rgt P3 (for
(t) ( delta).
(n3)
2 -R =
rN- R (forstar) or
- n
5A Ria (lor
(ordelta)
delta).
5ut lrom the stator terminals. and
N =
X +X, R,u =
t
Take x, =x, =* = R
Proeedure:
1. Make connections for no load test as shown in connection diagram (Fig. 3).
2. Switch on the ac supply. Start the motor by gradual increase of the variac
output. Increase the applied voltage up to the rated value.
3. Note the voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter readings. Also note the no load
speed.
4. Reduce the variac output to zero and switch off the supply.
5. Make connections for blocked rotor test as shown in connection diagram (Fig.
4).
6. Switch on the ac supply. Keeping the rotor blocked. gradually increase the
variac output such that the ammeter shows rated current. Note the voltmeter,
ammeter and wattmeter readings.
7. Reduce the variac output to zero and swich off the supply.
8. Compute parameters as outlined above.

Table of observations

No load test Blocked rotor test

S. no.
Voltage Current Power Voltage Current Power

Result: The per phase equivalent circuit parameters have been computed.

Precautions:
1. The wattmeter reading(s) should be appropriately multiplied by the respective
multiplying factor(s) to get the input power.
2. During blocked rotor test, the readings should be taken quickly to avoid
damage to the motor.
 IIII71531J119998
CONNECIoN DIAGGRA M FOR ND -LDAD
AND B LoCKED
RoTOR TE3TS ON THREE PHASE
INDUeTION MOTORR
34 VARIAC
44ov/o-470v,
ISA GIVEN 34
A
5A 1 NDUCTi oN
3, 440V,
A MOTOR
COM V
50 Hz
AC
15o/6oov 150/600ov
Iso/o0v
CoM
M L
(
5

PER- PHASE FUIVAL ENT

CIReuIT AT PER- fH ASE EGuIVA LENT
Le AD
CIRCUIT AT
RLocKED R 01 DR

L
VnL InR
VBR

a0T
FIC. FIG.2
 TPSR
obtain the torquc
three phase
induction motor and to
the load test on a
T o perform
slip characteristics.
Make
Apparatus required: Rating/ Range
Item Type
motor
phase induction
Three
Coupled with degenerator 440/0-470 V, '5 A
Three phase variaac
Single phase resistive load AC
600 V
Voltmeter DC
250/300 V
Voltmeter 20A
DC
Ammeter 0-9999 rpm
Digital Tachometer
=
DC shunt generator output
Theory: Induction motor output
as 0.7,
Taking the DC generator efficiency
T = x x60
Tx o = or,
0.7 0.7x 277xn of the
current and 'n' is the specd
where VDc is the load terminal voltage, Ipc is the load
machine in rpm.
The induction motor slip is given by, s = .
Procedure:
connection di gram (Fig. 1).
I. Make connections as shown in
at n load by gradual increase of the
2. Switch on the ac supply. Start the motor
up to the rate value.
variac output. Increase the applied voltage
shunt ge nerator. If iecessary, reverse the
3. Check the terminal voltage of the dc
voltmeter connections.
Load the dc generator in steps, through a
resi tive load.
4.
measure 1 1e load tern inal voltage, the load
5. At each value of the resistive load,
currentand the motor speed (by a tachomete1).
6. Tabulate the observations and draw the torqt >-slip characteristics.
Table of observation:
Terminal1 Load current peed in Slip
S. no. voltage rpm
1.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
 have been plotted as shown.
The torque-slip characteristics of the induction
motor
Kesult:
Precautions:
value.
1. The current should not exceed the rated
should be taken.
2. All possible combinations of the load voltages
iIII11I011771117199755777J197
CONNECT IO N DJAGGR AM FtR LoAD TEST oN 3c INDU CTIO N MOTOR

3 VARIAC 3. SLIP RING

R 440V/o - 47oV, 1SA NDUCTION MOTOR
o-
20A
34,44ov A

Y50Hz
AC
FF 14
G RES IST!
F F 250v Lo AD

AA

FIG.1
 the
Alm: To control the speed of a given three phase slip ring induction motor by varying
rotor circuit resistance.

Apparatus required: Make

Item Type Rating/Range
Three phase slip ring induction motor 440/0-470V, 15 A|
Three phase variac
Voltmeter AC 600 V
DC 70/140/280V
Voltmeter
Ammeter DC 2.5/5A
Variable rheostat 22.5,9A
Digital Tachometer 0-9999 rpm
Three phase bridgerectifier
with the external
Theory: Neglecting the rotor internal resistance in comparison
resistance, the rotor circuit copper loss zVde*lde s*Pag, (1)
where Pag is air gap power, Vpc and Ipc are the voltage and current, respectively.

through the external resistance and slip s = "

n

From eqn. (1), the induction motor developed torque T= = oc*pc *d

s 27tx SX ns
where synchronous speed 'ns° is in rpm

The effective rotor circuit resistance is R2et VDC

Procedure:
1. Make connections as shown in connection diagram (Fig. 1). At first, keep the
rotor circuit open.
2. Switch on the ac supply. Gradually increase the variac output up to the rated
value. Check the voltmeter readings and compute the stator-rotor turns ratio.
Decrease the variac output to zero and switch off the ac supply.
3. Conncct the rotor external resistance. Keeping it at its minimum value, switch
on the ac supply and stat the motor by gradual inerease of the variac output.
Increase the applied voltage up to the rated value.
4. Check the voltmeter and ammeter readings, if any. If necessary, reverse the
voltmeter and ammeter connections. Measure the motor speed.
5. Gradually increase the rotor external resistance in small steps, successively
taking the readings of the voltmeter, the ammeter and the motor speed, at each
step.
6. Tabulate the observations and draw the speed vs. rotor circuit resistance
characteristics.

Table of observations

Voltmeter Ammeter Spced in

S. no.
reading Slip
reading rpm
 10.

Result: The speed rotor resistance characteristics of the slip ring induction motor have
been plotted as shown.

Precautions:
1. The current should not exceed the rated value.
2. All possible combinations of the load voltages should be taken.
 SPEED CoN TRoL oF SLIP RINGG IND UCTION MTOR
TY ROTO R RESISTtNCE

FIG 1. : CONN ECT1ON DIACRAM

34 VARIAC
y4ov/o-47oV, IS AA STATOR
K

34,44ov
Hz
600V

ROTOR

T
T

7o/14o/280 v
2.5/so A

225.,-0A s Nr
FIG 2
R
induction
Am: To compute the equivalent circuit parameters of a given single phase
motor by performing no load and blocked rotor tests.

Apparatus required: Rating/ Range Make

Item Type
Single phase induction motor 230/0-270 V, 15 A
Single phase varia 300 V
Voltmeter AC
AC 150 V
Voltmeter 0-5/10 AA
Ammeter AC
PC: 300 V/ 150V
Wattmeter
CC: 5 A/ 10 A
dc voltmeter-
Theory: The de resistance of the stator 'ri' can be measurcd using
or a digital multimeter.
ammeter. a Wheatstone bridge (or a Kelvin double bridge)
made
No load est: The induction motor is supplied with rated voltage and frequency and
drawn IN.' and the input
to run freely at no load. The applied voltage VNL', the current

active pOwer "PNi. is measured.

The equivalent
The connection diagram for the no load test is shown in Fig. 1.
small (s > 0), the
circuit for the no load test is shown in Fig. 2.The no load slip being

resistanceis very large effecting the parallel combination of (+jr,) and j , to

only jx,, Thus, the effective no load resistance and reactance are given by

RRI(Y Also. X, =z, -R =, ) RM

-

But from the stator terminals, X N1. =x+ Also, R,, =r++Rm0N» wher

RROT is a resistance representing the per phase rotational loss.

short-circuit test of a transformer. The
Blocked rotor test: This test is analogous to the
rotor is held stationary (blocked) and the stator is supplied willh a low voltage such that
rated current lows in the motor. Readings are laken of the applied voltage V1BR', the
current IBr' and the motor input power 'PBr°'.
The equivalent circuit for the blocked rotor test is shov/n in Fig. 3. There is no
mechanical losses, and the core loss is negligible. Hence,

But lrom the stator terminals, Xum = x, +X, and R = r +r.

Take x, =*, = = R - . Substitute these values in the expressions for XNI

and 'RNi to get all the parameters.
Procedure:
1. Make connections for no load test as shown in connection diagram (Fig. 3).
 wlch on the ac supply. Start the motor by gradual increase oltUie variac
Increase the applied voltage up to the raled valie.
output.
N o t e the voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter readings. Also note the no load

speed.
4. Reduce the variac output to zero and switch off the supply.
Make connections for blocked rotor test as shown in conneclion diagram (Fig.
4).
. Switch on the ac supply. Keeping the rotor blocked, gradually increase the
Variac output such that the ammeter shows rated current. Note the voltmeter,
ammeter and wattmeter readings.
7. Reduce the variac output to zero and swich off the supply.
8. Compute parameters as outlined above.

Table of observations

No load test Blocked rotor test

S. no.
VoltageCurrent Power Voltage Current| Power
.

Result: The per phase equivalent circuit parameters have been computed.

Precautions:
1. The wattmeter reading should be appropriately multiplied by the respective
multiplying factor(s) to get the input power.
2. During blocked rotor test, the readings should be taken quickly to avoid
damage to the motor.
 CONNECTIO N DIAGR AM Fo R ND LoAD
BLOCKED AND
ROTOR TESTS oN 1¢ 1NDUCT 1ON
MOT OR
SINGLE PHASE
VA R IAC

230v/o -270 V 5/1oA 5A/tOA MAIN

WINDING
1 , 23ov w
cOMV RI R0TR
s o Hz 15o/300 v 150v CENT RIFUG4L
SwITH
AC 300V
R21 AL
A2
FIG. 1
AUXILIARY
WINDING

EQUIVAL ENT CIRCUIT

54UIVALENT IRcu IT
UNDE R LOA DD
UNDER BLo ckED RoTOR

1 INL
A LBR

VNL VnR

RROT
NW-

FIG. 2
FIG.3