Chapter 3 Mauzua’ati Mutala

3.1 Tawheed

Slo: 3.1.1 State the literal meaning and Terminological meaning of word Aqeedah.
َ ََ
Ans: Literal Meaning: The word Aqeedah comes from the Arabic root "‫"عقد‬ (aqada), which
means to tie, knot, or firmly bind something. Literally, it means "something firmly tied" or "a
strong belief."
Terminological: In Islamic terminology, Aqeedah refers to the firm and unshakeable beliefs of a
Muslim about Allah, His Prophets, His Books, angels, the Day of Judgment, and destiny. It is the
foundation of faith and includes everything a Muslim must believe in.

Slo: 3.1.2 Define Tauheed as a word and as a term.

َ َ
Ans: Literal Meaning: The word Tawhid comes from the Arabic root "‫"و َحد‬ (wahhada), which
means "to make something one" or "to unify." Literally, it means "oneness."
Terminological: In Islamic terms, Tawhid refers to the belief in the oneness of Allah. It means
that Allah is the only Creator, Sustainer, and the one worthy of worship. It also means believing
that Allah has no partners, equals, or rivals in His attributes and actions. Tawhid is the
foundation of Islam and the most important belief in the religion.

Slo: 3.1.3 Explain the concept of Tawheed in the light of Holy Quran.
Ans: The concept of Tauheed, or the oneness of Allah, is a central concept in both the Holy
Quran and Hadith. Here are some ways in which the concept of Tauheed is emphasized in both
sources:
Tauheed in the Quran: The Quran affirms the oneness of Allah as the foundation of the Islamic
faith, and as the key to attaining success in both this life and the hereafter. The Quran
emphasizes that Allah is one, unique, and without any partners or equals. As Allah says in
Surah al-Ikhlas
Say He is Allah the One
Allah the Eternal Absolute (Does not require any thing)
He Begets not, Nor is He begotten
There is none like to Him.

Tauheed in the Hadith: In Hadith-e-Jibreel, the Angel Gabriel asked the Prophet about the
fundamentals of Islam, and the Prophet emphasized the declaration of faith, "There is no god
but Allah," as the core of Tawheed. Above verse of Holy Quran and Hadith clearly tells us that
Tauheed is the first and foremost belief of Islam. A person cannot enter in Islam until he

1
confesses the belief of Tauheed, he confesses the worship of Allah and rejects the worship of
anything other than Him.

Slo: 3.1.4 Justify the attributes of Allah tala (Qudrat, ilm, samaa, basar, kalam, mashiyat,
rahman, raziq, khaliq, qaabidh, basit, aalimul ghaib) through rational and logical argument.
Ans: The attributes of Allah are unique and perfect, reflecting His greatness and role as the
Creator and Sustainer of the universe. Here is a rational and logical explanation of each
attribute:
1. Qudrat (Power):
Allah has complete power over everything. The existence and functioning of the
universe, from the tiniest atom to the vast galaxies, prove the need for a supreme
power. No one but Allah can control and sustain this vast creation.
Example: The laws of nature, like gravity, show an intelligent power governing
everything.

2. Ilm (Knowledge):
Allah knows everything, past, present, and future. Human discoveries, such as DNA,
show the detailed design in creation, which only an all-knowing Creator could plan.
Example: The complexity of life and the balance of ecosystems reflect Allah’s infinite
knowledge.

3. Samaa (Hearing):
Allah hears everything, even our silent prayers and whispers. While humans have limited
hearing, Allah’s hearing is perfect and unrestricted by distance or sound barriers.
Example: The existence of communication between creatures, like birds or animals,
shows Allah gave them the ability, and He hears all sounds.

4. Basar (Seeing):
Allah sees everything, visible or hidden. While humans need tools like telescopes or
microscopes to see beyond their limits, Allah sees all without limitations.
Example: The growth of a seed in the darkness of the soil proves a Creator who observes
and nurtures everything.

5. Kalam (Speech):
Allah communicates with His creation through revelation. The Quran, as Allah’s word, is
a miracle of guidance and eloquence, unmatched in its depth and wisdom.
Example: No human or jinn has been able to produce anything like the Quran, proving
its divine origin.

2
6. Mashiyat (Will):
Allah’s will governs everything in the universe. Nothing happens without His permission.
This explains the perfect order and harmony in nature.
Example: Day and night follow a consistent pattern, reflecting Allah’s will controlling
time and space.

7. Rahman (Merciful):
Allah’s mercy is evident in the blessings He provides to all creatures, regardless of their
faith. He gives life, sustains it, and forgives sins.
Example: Rain nourishes the earth, and air sustains life for everyone, showing His mercy.

8. Raziq (Provider):
Allah provides sustenance to all His creatures. From the tiniest insect to humans,
everyone’s needs are met by His provision.
Example: Even in barren lands, animals and plants find sustenance, proving Allah’s role
as the Provider.

9. Khaliq (Creator):
Allah created everything from nothing. The intricate design of the universe proves the
need for a Creator.
Example: The human body’s complexity, like the functioning of the brain and heart,
shows a Creator’s wisdom.

10. Qaabidh (Withholder) & Basit (Expander):

Allah withholds or expands resources according to His wisdom. Sometimes people face
challenges, and other times they experience abundance.
Example: Rainfall is sometimes withheld in droughts and given abundantly during
harvest seasons, reflecting Allah’s control.

11. Aalimul Ghaib (Knower of the Unseen):

Allah knows everything that is hidden, including our thoughts and the future. Humans
can only predict or guess based on limited knowledge, but Allah’s knowledge is
complete.
Example: Scientists study and discover the hidden aspects of nature, but Allah already
knows all, as He created it.

3
3.2 Belief in Prophet hood

Slo: 3.2.1 literal and terminological meaning of Nabi and Rasool.

َ
Ans: Literal Meaning of Nabi (‫)نب‬: The word Nabi comes from the Arabic root "‫( "ن َبأ‬naba’a),
which means "to inform" or "to convey news." Literally, Nabi means "a person who conveys
news or information."
Terminological: In Islamic terminology, Nabi refers to a prophet chosen by Allah to guide
humanity. A Nabi is given divine guidance and commands by Allah but may or may not be given
a specific scripture. The primary role of a Nabi is to continue the message of the previous
prophets and guide their people.
Literal Meaning of Rasool (‫)رسول‬: The word Rasool comes from the Arabic root "‫"ر َس َل‬َ (rasala),
which means "to send" or "to deliver a message." Literally, Rasool means "a messenger" or
"one who is sent with a message."
Terminological Meaning of Rasool: In Islamic terms, Rasool refers to a messenger sent by Allah
with a new scripture or a distinct Shariah (law). A Rasool is tasked with delivering a specific
divine message to his people, often to reform them or establish a new code of conduct.
Key Difference Between Nabi and Rasool:
1. Nabi: A prophet who continues the message of previous prophets and guides people
without necessarily having a new scripture.
2. Rasool: A messenger who is sent with a new divine message or law to guide his people.
Every Rasool is a Nabi, but not every Nabi is a Rasool.

Slo: 3.2.2 and 3.2.3 Explain the importance of Prophet-hood in the light of Holy Quran and
Hadith.
Ans: The importance of Prophet hood in Islam, as seen in the Holy Quran and Hadith, can be
understood simply:
In Holy Quran: Belief in prophet hood is next to tawheed in importance and necessity. The
Quran highlights that Prophets were chosen by God to guide humanity. They taught people
about faith, morality, and how to worship God. The Quran describes them as "warners and
bringers of good news" (Quran, Surah Al-Mulk, 67:26).
Hadith: The holy Prophet Muhammad‫ ﷺ‬said that "I have been sent so as to complete the best
of characters (manners)".

4
All the messengers conveyed the same message of Allah to the people for their guidance. They
guided the people about their faith, prayers, dealings and ethics by their words and deeds.
Allah chose the Prophets for the guidance of people among the people and revealed books and
scriptures to the prophets. It is not possible for every person to have direct link (contact) with
Allah. So, the messengers are the source of guidance of people of entire universe.

Slo: 3.2.4: Analyze the impact of obedience to the holy prophet on society.
Ans: The impact of obedience to the Holy Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬on society is positive. We can live with
this peace, respect, harmony and balance. We can ensure sympathy and good manners in our
society. By following His teachings, we can encourage people to be honest, kind, and fair. This
makes society more ethical and upright. In simple terms, obeying the Holy Prophet's teachings
makes society more moral, united, peaceful, caring, and just.

5
3.3 Worships (Ibadaat)

Slo: 3.3.1 state the literal and terminological meaning of the word ‘Ibadat’.
َ َ
Ans: Literal Meaning: The word ‘Ibadat’ comes from the Arabic root "‫"ع َبد‬ (ʿabada), which
means "to worship," "to serve," or "to show humility." Literally, ‘Ibadat’ means "obedience
with submission" or "an act of worship and servitude."
Terminological: In Islamic terms, ‘Ibadat’ refers to every act of devotion, obedience, and
submission done solely for the pleasure of Allah. It includes all forms of worship, such as
prayer, fasting, zakat, and hajj, as well as good deeds and intentions that align with Allah’s
commands.
Slo: 3.3.2 Describe the concept of Ibadat in Islam in the light of the Holy Qur’an and Hadith.
Ans: Concept of ‘Ibadat’ in Islam: In Islam, ‘Ibadat’ (worship) is the core of a Muslim’s
relationship with Allah. It signifies complete submission, obedience, and devotion to Allah in
every aspect of life. Worship is not restricted to rituals but includes all actions performed with
the intention of pleasing Allah.
In the Light of the Holy Quran:
Allah says in the Qur’an:
"‫ون‬ َْ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ
ِ ‫"وما خلقت ال ِجن و ِاْلنس ِإّل ِليعبد‬
"And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me."
(Surah Adh-Dhariyat, 51:56)
This verse highlights that the sole purpose of human and jinn creation is to worship and
serve Allah.
In the Light of Hadith
The Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬said:
ِّ َْ َّ
"‫"إنما األع َمال بالن َّيات‬
"Indeed, actions are judged by intentions."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)
This highlights that any action done with the intention of pleasing Allah, even everyday
tasks, is considered worship.

6
Slo: 3.3.3 explain the concept of Ibadat and its objectives.
Ans: Ibadat (‫ )عبادت‬in Islam refers to acts of worship and devotion performed to seek closeness
to Allah. It includes both ritual acts like prayer, fasting, and Hajj, and everyday actions done
with the intention of pleasing Allah.
Objectives of Ibadat
1. Closeness to Allah: Strengthening the relationship with God.
2. Recognition of Tawheed: Affirming belief in Allah’s Oneness.
3. Spiritual Purification: Cleansing the heart and fostering piety.
4. Discipline: Teaching patience and self-control.
5. Gratitude: Acknowledging and appreciating Allah’s blessings.
6. Moral Development: Promoting good character and social responsibility.
7. Accountability: Preparing for the hereafter and being mindful of one’s actions.

Slo: 3.3.4 Analyse the impact of worships (Ibadaat) on an individual and collective life.
Ans: Impact of Worship (Ibadaat) on Individual Life:
• Spiritual Growth: Fosters a deep connection with Allah and inner peace.
• Moral Development: Promotes honesty, kindness, and integrity.
• Self-Discipline: Teaches patience, time management, and self-control.
• Psychological Well-being: Reduces stress and promotes emotional resilience.
• Gratitude: Cultivates appreciation and contentment.
• Purpose: Provides direction and meaning in life.
Impact of Worship (Ibadaat) on Collective Life:
• Unity: Builds social bonds and a sense of community.
• Justice and Equality: Encourages fairness and support for the vulnerable.
• Charity: Promotes wealth redistribution and social welfare.
• Shared Values: Establishes common ethical standards for cooperation and peace.
• Collective Responsibility: Motivates action for community well-being.
• Cultural Identity: Preserves traditions and strengthens communal ties.

7
3.4 Seerat E Tayyaba

Slo: 3.4.2 Explain the life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) from birth till the marriage with Hazrat
Khadija (RA).
Ans. The life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) before his marriage to Hazrat Khadija (RA) can be
divided into several key phases:
Birth and Early Childhood: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was born in Mecca in 570 CE, into
the noble tribe of Quraysh. His father, Hazrat Abdullah, passed away before he was born. His
mother, Hazrat Amina, died when he was just six years old, leaving him an orphan. He was then
cared for by his grandfather, Hazrat Abdul Muttalib, who passed away when Muhammad
(PBUH) was eight. After that, his uncle, Hazrat Abu Talib, took him under his care.
Youth and Early Adulthood: As a young man, Muhammad (PBUH) was known for his honesty,
truthfulness, and good character. He was given the title "Al-Amin" (the trustworthy). He
worked as a shepherd in his youth and later became a merchant, traveling with caravans for
trade.
Marriage to Hazrat Khadija (RA): At the age of 25, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was employed
by a wealthy widow named Hazrat Khadija (RA), who was 15 years older than him. Impressed
by his honesty and integrity, Hazrat Khadija (RA) proposed marriage to him. They got married
when Muhammad (PBUH) was 25 and she was 40. Their marriage was a happy one, and they
had several children together, including Hazrat Fatima (RA), who later became the mother of
the Prophet’s grandsons, Hassan and Hussain.
This period of his life was characterized by stability, trust, and respect in his personal and
professional life, before the divine revelation began when he was 40 years old.

Slo: 3.4.3 State account of Prophet’s experience of receiving the first revelation
Ans:The First Revelation: One night, while in the cave, the Angel Jibril (Gabriel) appeared
before him. The angel commanded him, “Iqra” (Read or Recite). Muhammad (PBUH) replied
that he could not read. The angel repeated the command three times, and then revealed the
first verses of the Quran (Surah Al-Alaq, 1-5):
“Read in the name of your Lord who created,
Created man from a clot (of blood).
Read, and your Lord is the Most Generous,
Who taught by the pen,
Taught man that which he knew not.”

8
The Prophet’s Reaction: The Prophet (PBUH) was terrified and confused by the experience. He
returned home to his wife, Hazrat Khadija (RA), in fear and asked her to cover him. Hazrat
Khadija (RA) comforted him and took him to a Christian cousin, Waraka bin Nawfal, who
confirmed that Muhammad (PBUH) had received a revelation from God and was chosen as a
prophet.
This moment marked the beginning of the prophetic mission, and from that day, Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) continued to receive revelations from Allah through the angel Jibril.

Slo: 3.4.4 Explain the objectives behind the sending of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) into the
world.
Ans: Here’s a more concise version of the objectives behind the sending of Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH):
1. To Guide Humanity: To teach people to worship one God (Allah) and follow the right
path.
2. To Perfect Morality: To demonstrate high standards of honesty, kindness, and justice.
3. To Establish Justice: To promote equality and fairness, helping the poor, women, and all
people.
4. To Complete the Message: To finalize the guidance from previous prophets and deliver
the final revelation (the Quran).
5. To Promote Peace: To teach the importance of peace and resolving conflicts fairly.
6. To Lead to Success: To guide people toward success in both this life and the Hereafter.
These objectives focused on improving both individual lives and society as a whole.

Slo: 3.4.5 Suggest ways to follow Seerat-e-Tayyaba (SAW) in practical life.

Ans: These simple actions reflect the life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and can be practiced
in daily life.
1. : Be Honest: Speak the truth and be trustworthy, like the Prophet (PBUH).
2. Show Kindness: Be compassionate towards others, especially the poor and weak.
3. Stay Humble: Avoid pride and practice humility.
4. Be Patient: Show patience in difficult times, as the Prophet (PBUH) did.

9
5. Help Others: Assist those in need, whether financially or emotionally.
6. Respect Parents: Honor and care for your parents and elders.
7. Pray Regularly: Keep up with your prayers and stay close to Allah.
8. Be Just: Treat everyone fairly and stand up for justice.

10
3.5 Propagation of Islam

Slo: 3.5.1 Describe the importance of preaching in the light of the Holy Qur’an
and Hadith.
Ans. Preaching (Dawah) is an important duty in Islam, emphasized in the Qur’an and
Hadith.
In the Quran:

‫سنَ ِة‬ َ ‫س ِبي ِل َر ِبكَ ِبٱ ْل ِح ْك َم ِة َوٱ ْل َم ْو ِع‬

َ ‫ظ ِة ٱ ْل َح‬ َ ‫ع ِإ َل ٰى‬
ُ ‫ٱ ْد‬
"Invite to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good instruction." (16:125)
In Hadith:

‫( بَ ِلغُوا عَنِي َولَ ْو آيَة‬Bukhari)

"Convey from me, even if it is one verse."

Slo: 3.5.2 Exemplify in the light of Seerat-un-Nabi (SAW) the ways of preaching
by the Holy Prophet (PBUH);
Ans: The Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is the best example for preaching. He
used wisdom, kindness, and patience to spread Islam.
1. Preaching with Wisdom: He corrected mistakes gently. For example, when a
man urinated in the mosque, he told the companions to clean it with water and
not scold him harshly.
2. Leading by Example: His actions showed his honesty and kindness. People
trusted him because of his good character, calling him Al-Ameen and As-Sadiq.
3. Patience: When people in Taif harmed him, he prayed for their guidance instead
of cursing them.
4. Kindness: The Prophet (PBUH) won hearts with kindness, like visiting the sick
woman who used to throw garbage on him.
5. Gradual Preaching: He first invited close family and friends, then preached
openly to everyone.

11
Slo: 3.5.3 Describe the objectives of invitation and preaching of Islam.
Ans: The main purpose of inviting (Dawah) and preaching Islam is to spread the
message of Allah and guide people toward righteousness. The key objectives are:
1. Calling to the Worship of Allah: Islam teaches Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) and
rejects all false gods.
2. Guiding People to the Right Path: Preaching helps people differentiate between
right and wrong based on the Qur’an and Sunnah.
3. Spreading Justice and Morality: Islam promotes truthfulness, honesty, and
kindness to build a just society.
4. Saving Humanity from Destruction: Islam protects people from sin, ignorance,
and misguidance. The Prophet (PBUH) said:
5. Strengthening Brotherhood and Unity: Preaching promotes love, peace, and
equality, uniting people under one faith.

Slo: 3.5.4 Suggest the ways, how can invitation and preaching bring changes
(humbleness, equality, patience and preservance and forgiveness) in the society.
Ans: Preaching Islam helps build a better society by promoting:
1. Humbleness: Encourages modesty and reminds people that arrogance leads to
downfall.
2. Equality: Emphasizes that all humans are equal, regardless of race, wealth, or
status.
3. Patience & Perseverance: Teaches patience in hardships and persistence in
doing good.
4. Forgiveness: Promotes kindness, letting go of grudges, and maintaining peace.
5. Justice & Fairness: Encourages treating everyone with honesty and fairness.
6. Brotherhood & Unity: Strengthens relationships and removes discrimination.
7. Good Morals & Ethics: Spreads truthfulness, honesty, and respect in society.

12
3.6 Migration (Hijrat)

Slo: 3.6.1 State literal and terminological meaning of the word ‘Hijrat’.
Ans. Literal Meaning: The word Hijrat (‫ )هِجْ َرة‬comes from the Arabic root h-j-r (‫)هجر‬,
which means "to leave" or "to migrate."
Terminological Meaning: In Islamic terminology, Hijrat refers to leaving one's
homeland for the sake of Allah, especially the migration of Prophet Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬and
his companions from Makkah to Madinah in 622 CE to escape persecution and
establish an Islamic society.

Slo: 3.6.2 Describe the concept of Hijrat in the light of the Holy Qur’an and
Hadith.
1. Hijrat in the Qur’an: Hijrat means migrating for the sake of Allah when facing
oppression. The Qur’an states:
‫سعَة‬ ِ ‫َّللا يَ ِج ْد فِي ْاْل َ ْر‬
َ ‫ض ُم َرا‬
َ ‫غما َكثِيرا َو‬ ِ ‫سبِي ِل ه‬
َ ‫َاج ْر فِي‬
ِ ‫َو َمن يُه‬
"And whoever migrates for the cause of Allah will find on the earth many [alternative]
locations and abundance."
(Surah An-Nisa 4:100)
2. Hijrat in Hadith: The Prophet Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
‫َّللا‬ َ ُ‫َّللا فَلَهُ ج ََزا ُؤه‬
ِ ‫علَى ه‬ َ ‫َم ْن َهاج ََر فِي‬
ِ ‫سبِي ِل ه‬
"Whoever migrates for the sake of Allah, his reward is with Allah."
(Sahih Bukhari)
This Hadith emphasizes the great reward for those who migrate for Allah’s sake.

Slo 3.6.3 Discuss the Qur’anic concept of Hijrat, its need and principles.
Ans: Qur’anic Concept of Hijrat, Its Need, and Principles
1. Qur’anic Concept of Hijrat: Hijrat means migrating for Allah’s sake when practicing
Islam is difficult. The Qur’an says:
‫س َعة‬ ِ ‫َّللا يَ ِج ْد فِي ْاْل َ ْر‬
َ ‫ض ُم َرا‬
َ ‫غما َكثِيرا َو‬ ِ ‫سبِي ِل ه‬
َ ‫َاج ْر فِي‬
ِ ‫َو َمن يُه‬
"Whoever migrates for the cause of Allah will find many places and abundance."
(Surah An-Nisa 4:100)

2. Need for Hijrat:

13
 • When practicing Islam is difficult due to oppression.
• To spread Islam and establish a society based on Allah’s laws.
3. Principles of Hijrat:
• For Allah’s sake: Not for worldly benefits.
• Leaving oppression: To practice Islam freely.
• Trust in Allah: Rely on His help.
Hijrat was pivotal in Islamic history, especially the Prophet Muhammad’s migration from
Makkah to Madinah, leading to the first Islamic state.

Slo:3.6.4 Describe the background of migration to Abyssinia (1st and 2nd).

Ans: Background of Migration to Abyssinia (First and Second Hijrat)
Reason for Migration: Early Muslims in Makkah faced severe persecution, so Prophet
Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬allowed them to migrate to Abyssinia, where the just Christian king
Negus ruled.
First Migration (615 CE):
• Migrants: 11 men and 4 women.
• Key Figures: Hazrat Uthman (RA) and Ruqayyah (RA).
• Outcome: The Negus granted them protection after the Quraysh’s failed attempt
to bring them back.
Second Migration (616 CE):
• Migrants: 83 men and 18 women.
• Key Figure: Hazrat Ja'far bin Abi Talib (RA).
• Event: Hazrat Ja'far (RA) recited Surah Maryam, moving the Negus, who
granted them protection.
Significance:
• The first safe refuge for Muslims.
• Strengthened the Muslim community until they joined the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬in Madinah.

14
Slo:3.6.5 Explain the events and causes that forced the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and
other Muslims to migrate to Madina.
Ans: Causes of Migration to Madinah:
1. Persecution by Quraysh – Muslims faced torture and oppression.
2. Social & Economic Boycott – Muslims were isolated for three years.
3. Death of Abu Talib & Khadijah (RA) (619 CE) – The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬lost his key
supporters.
4. Pledge of Aqabah (621-622 CE) – People of Madinah promised support.
5. Plot to Kill the Prophet ‫ –ﷺ‬The Quraysh planned his assassination.
Events of Migration:
• The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬left Makkah with Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) and hid in Cave Thawr for
three days.
• He traveled to Madinah via Quba, where he built the first mosque.
• The people of Madinah warmly welcomed him, and he established an Islamic
state.

15
Chapter 4 Introduction of Muslim Personalities
Slo: 4.1.1 State the life events (birth, childhood, teenage/ adolescence, youth/ adulthood,
marriage and children) of Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA).
Life Events of Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA)
1. Birth:
Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA) was born on the 5th of Sha'ban in 4 AH (626 CE) in Madinah. He was
the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the second son of Hazrat Ali (RA) and Hazrat
Fatimah (RA). His grandfather, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), loved him dearly and gave him the
title “Leader of the Youth in Paradise” (Sayyid al-Shuhada).
2. Childhood:
During his childhood, Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA) was very close to the Prophet (PBUH). He grew
up in a household known for its piety, knowledge, and devotion to Islam. He learned values
such as bravery, honesty, and patience from his family.
3. Teenage/Adolescence:
Imam Hussain (RA) witnessed many significant events during his teenage years, including the
passing of his beloved grandfather, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He also observed the early
struggles of Islam and learned from his father, Hazrat Ali (RA), who was known for his wisdom
and courage.
4. Youth/Adulthood:
As a young man, Imam Hussain (RA) supported his father, Hazrat Ali (RA), during the caliphate
and participated in key battles like the Battle of Siffin. He was known for his strong character,
knowledge, and love for justice.
5. Marriage and Children: Hazrat Imam Hussain (R.A) had four wives. Following is the detail of his
offspring:

Wife Children
Hazrat Laila bint
Hazrat Ali Akbar (R.A) (who was martyred in Karbala)
Abi Murrah (R.A)

Hazrat Salama Hazrat Ali (R.A) (who is famous a Zain ul Abideen)

Shehrbano (R.A) Hazrat Fatima (R.A)

Hazrat Qadhaya
Hazrat Jafar (R.A)
(R.A)

Hazrat Rubab bin Hazrat Abdullah (R.A) Hazrat Ali Asghar (R.A) who was
Imrael-Qais (R.A) martyred in Karbala), Hazrat Sakina (R.A) (who was present
with Imam Hussain (R.A) in Karbala)
16
Slo: 4.1.2 Describe the contribution of Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA) for the stability of Islam.
Ans: Religious Services and Characteristics: Hazrat Imam Hussain (R.A) rendered invaluable
services in spreading Islam and propagating the Quran and Sunnah. A large number of people
would gather to listen attentively to his sermons on the Quran and Hadith. The people of
Madinah often consulted him for guidance on Shariah matters and to learn Quranic teachings
and Hadith. Imam Hussain (R.A) was known for his high moral character, piety, bravery,
generosity, and devotion to worship. He performed twenty-five pilgrimages in his lifetime, and
his entire life reflected exemplary morals and praiseworthy character.

Slo: 4.1.3 Describe the sacrifice of Hazrat Imam Hussain (RA) [resistance against tyranny of
Yazid and martyrdom] for Islam.
Ans: When Yazeed took power, the governor of Madinah, Walid bin Uqbah, asked Imam
Hussain (R.A) to pledge allegiance, but he refused and went to Makkah, staying there for four
months. Meanwhile, the people of Kufa invited him, pledging their support against Yazeed’s
unjust rule. Imam Hussain (R.A) sent Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel (R.A) to Kufa, who reported
widespread support. However, Yazeed replaced the governor with Ubaidullah bin Ziyad, who
captured and martyred Hazrat Muslim bin Aqeel (R.A). Imam Hussain (R.A) left for Kufa but was
stopped at Karbala by Yazeed’s forces. Despite pressure, he refused to pledge allegiance. On
10th Muharram, 61 A.H., after days of hunger and thirst, he was martyred along with his family
and companions. His sacrifice remains a timeless example of steadfastness in upholding Islam
and truth.

Slo: 4.1.4 Analyse the contribution of his life and character as guidance for the modern
youth.
Ans: Hazrat Imam Hussain’s (RA) life teaches several important lessons that are highly relevant
for today’s youth:
1. Standing for Truth and Justice:
Imam Hussain (RA) resisted the tyrannical rule of Yazid and chose martyrdom over
compromising on principles. This teaches young people to stand for truth, even in
difficult situations, and never support injustice.
2. Courage and Determination:
Facing overwhelming odds in Karbala, Imam Hussain (RA) showed immense bravery and

17
 determination. His example inspires modern youth to stay strong in their beliefs and
work hard to achieve their goals.
3. Patience and Perseverance:
Despite being surrounded by hardship, hunger, and thirst, Imam Hussain (RA) remained
patient. This is a powerful lesson for young people to remain patient in times of difficulty
and not give up.
4. Moral Integrity:
Imam Hussain (RA) always upheld honesty, humility, and fairness. His character shows
young people the importance of living with integrity and following ethical values.
5. Faith in Allah:
Throughout his life, Imam Hussain (RA) trusted Allah and remained steadfast in his faith.
This reminds the youth to keep their faith strong and seek guidance from Islam in every
aspect of life.

Slo: 4.1.5 Describe the introduction and the contribution of Muslim scientist Jabir Bin
Hayyan.
Ans: Introduction: Jabir bin Hayyan, known as the "Father of Chemistry," was a renowned
Muslim scientist proficient in various fields, including chemistry, astronomy, medicine,
philosophy, and literature.
Name and Ancestry: His full name was Jabir bin Hayyan bin Abdullah Kufi, with the title 'Sufi'
and surname 'Abu Musa'. Born in 102 A.H. in the Azd tribe, his ancestors were from Khurasan.
He is famous as 'Gaber' in Europe.
Life History: Jabir's father, a perfume trader, migrated to Tous, where Jabir was born. He
developed an early interest in fragrances and herbs while helping at his father’s perfume shop.
After his father's death, he focused on education, learning from notable scholars, including
Hazrat Imam Jafar Sadiq (R.A). At 30, he moved to Kufa with his family.
Scientific Achievements: Jabir conducted pioneering experiments in medicine and metalwork.
He invented 'Qura Anbiq' (now known as 'Quranfil') for extracting essences, discovered
sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, and introduced methods for metal calcination and varnishing.
He was the first to classify matter into plants, animals, and minerals. His experiments led to the
foundation of modern chemistry.
Books: Jabir wrote over 232 books, many of which were later translated into Latin and English,
introducing chemistry to Europe. His famous works include Aidah, Al-Khawas al-Kabir, and Al-
Meezan, covering chemistry, physics, and philosophy.

18
Slo: 4.1.6 Suggest the role that students can play in the field of science.
1. Stay Curious – Ask questions and explore how things work.
2. Solve Problems – Think creatively to find solutions.
3. Do Experiments – Learn by conducting small experiments.
4. Read About Scientists – Get inspired by great scientists.
5. Join Science Activities – Participate in clubs and competitions.
6. Help Society – Use science to solve real-world problems.
7. Use Technology – Learn from science apps and videos.

19