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excerciseOnCombustion

The document outlines a series of problems related to fuels and combustion, including calculations for higher heating value, air-fuel ratios, calorific values, and exhaust gas compositions for various hydrocarbons and coal samples. It also covers combustion scenarios with excess air, adiabatic flame temperatures, and the effects of combustion in different conditions. Each problem requires specific thermodynamic calculations based on given data and assumptions.

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15 views

excerciseOnCombustion

The document outlines a series of problems related to fuels and combustion, including calculations for higher heating value, air-fuel ratios, calorific values, and exhaust gas compositions for various hydrocarbons and coal samples. It also covers combustion scenarios with excess air, adiabatic flame temperatures, and the effects of combustion in different conditions. Each problem requires specific thermodynamic calculations based on given data and assumptions.

Uploaded by

dozonow.in
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ME 306 : 2024 : Fuels and Combustion

1. Determine the HHV and LHV (on molar as well as mass basis) at 298 K for
gaseous n-decane (C10 H22 , Mol. Wt. 142.284). Data: hof,C10 H22 = -249,659
kJ kJ kJ
kmol
, hof,H2 O(l) = -285,857 kmol , hof,CO2 = -393,546 kmol .

2. Heptane (C7 H16 ) is burnt with 50% excess air. Determine (a) stoichiometric
air-fuel ratio (b) actual air-fuel ratio (c)oxygen present in products by volume
and (d) calorific value

3. A sample of coal has the following composition by weight: C= 78%, H2 =


5%, rest ash. Determine (a) the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (b) actual air-
fuel ratio if it is burnt in 30 % excess air (c) higher calorific value (use above
data) (d) exhaust gas composition.

4. An analysis of an exhaust gas sample gave the following percentage values


(dry basis): CO2 = 7.20, CO=1.00, O2 =10.00, N2 =81.8. (a) Express the
volumetric composition on a mass basis, (b) Assuming that the fuel is a
hydrocarbon, find its approximate formula and (c) estimate the calorific value
of the fuel.

5. A coal sample has a mass analysis of 80.4% carbon, 3.9% hydrogen,5.0%


oxygen, 1.1% nitrogen, 1.1% sulfur and the rest in noncombustible ash. For
complete combustion with 120% of the theoretical amount of air, determine
the air-fuel ratio on a mass basis.

6. A sample of coal has the following gravimetric composition: C= 87%, H2


= 4%, rest ash. Find (a) Stochiometric air-fuel ratio, (b) calorific value.
(c) If after combustion, the dry flue gas indicated a CO2 content of 12.6%.
Determine excess air factor.

7. Determine the enthalpy carried away by an exhaust gas at 500 K if it has


the following composition: CO2 12.32 %, CO 1.68 %, O2 2.99 %, N2 76.38
%, and H2 O 6.63 %. Assume that the reference temperature is 298 K.

8. Determine the constant pressure Adiabatic Flame temperature (at 1 atm) for
the combustion of a CH4 -air mixture if :

ˆ the mixture is stoichiometric and initial reactant temperature is 298 K.


ˆ 50% excess air is provided and initial reactant temperature is 298 K.
ˆ the mixture is stoichiometric and initial reactant temperature is 500 K.
9. Gaseous fuel containing 60% ethane and 40% methane by volume is burnt
with 20 % excess air. Compute the adiabatic flame temperature if initially
the reactants are at 25 ◦ C.

10. Propane (C3 H8 ) is burnt with stoichiometric air in a constant volume cylinder
such that no heat escapes from the cylinder. If the initial temperature of the
mixture is 200 ◦ C, what is the final temperature of the products.

11. Air enriched with Oxygen is stored in a cylinder such that the O2 to N2 ratio
is 1:2 (rather than 1:3.76 that is available in the surrounding air). If acetylene
is burnt with this air in a stoichiometric amount what is the adiabatic flame
temperature? You can assume that initial temperature of the reactants is
25◦ C.

12. Methane (CH4 ) at 25o C, enters the combustor of a simple open gas turbine
power plant and burns completely with 400% of theoretical air entering the
compressor at 25 ◦ C, 1 atm. Products of combustion exit the turbine at 577
◦
C, 1 atm. The rate of heat transfer from the gas turbine is estimated as
10% of the net power developed. Determine the net power output, in MW,
if the fuel mass flow rate is 1200 kg/h. Kinetic and potential energy effects
are negligible.

13. A closed, rigid vessel initially contains a gaseous mixture of 1kmol of pentane
(C5 H12 ) and 150% of theoretical air at 25 ◦ C, 1 atm. If the mixture burns
completely, determine the heat transfer from the vessel, in kJ, and the final
pressure, in atm, for a final temperature of 800K.

14. Methane (CH4 ) at 25 ◦ C, 1 atm enters an insulated reactor operating at


steady state and burns with the theoretical amount of air entering at 25 ◦ C,
1 atm. The products contain CO2 , CO, H2 O, O2 and N2 and exit at 2260K.
Determine the fraction of the entering carbon in the fuel that burn to CO2
and CO respectively

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