JSS MAHAVIDYAPEETHA

JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION BENGALURU – 60

JSSATE Campus, Uttarahalli – Kengeri Main Road, Bangalore – 560060
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
APPLIED PHYSICS FOR CSE STREAM (BPHYS202)

Question Bank on Lab experiments

1.In an experiment of measurement of wavelength of laser light using a diffraction grating of

500 lines per inch, it was observed that the first principle maxima were found to be
symmetric at a distance of 2.6 cm around a central maximum. Assuming a distance between
the grating and the screen placed at 1 meter, find the wavelength of laser light used in the
measurement.

Given data:
N=500 lines per inch(500LPI)
First principle maxima(m)=1
2Xm=2.6cm
Xm=1.3cm
Distance between the grating and the screen(f)=1m=100cm
To find;
Wavelength of laser light used in the measurement ()=?
Solution:
−2
1 1 1 2.54 × 10
d= = = =
Grating constant, N 500 LP I 500 lines 500 m
−2
2.54 × 10
−5
d¿ 5.08 × m

( )
x
Angle of diffraction, θm =tan−1 m =tan−1
f ( )
1.3
100
=0.74480ο

dsinθ m
Wavelength of laser light, = nm
m
−5
5.08× sin(0.74480)
¿
1
¿ 660.344 nm

2.In an experiment of measurement of wavelength of laser light using a diffraction grating of

300 lines per inch, it was observed that the second principle maxima were found to be
symmetric at a distance of 3.0 cm around a central maximum. Assuming a distance between
the grating and the screen placed at 1 meter, find the wavelength of laser light used in the
measurement.

Given data:
N=300 lines per inch(300LPI)
Second principle maxima(m)=2
2Xm=3.0cm
 Xm=1.5cm
Distance between the grating and the screen(f)=1m=100cm

To find;
Wavelength of laser light used in the measurement ()=?
Solution:
−2
1 1 1 2.54 × 10
d= = = =
Grating constant, N 300 LP I 500 lines 300 m
−2
2.54 × 10
−5
d¿ 8.466 × m

( )
x
Angle of diffraction, θm =tan−1 m =tan−1
f
1.5
100 ( )
=0.8593ο

dsinθ m
Wavelength of laser light, = nm
m
−5
5.08× sin(0.8593)
¿
1
¿ 634.44 nm

3.Find the numerical aperture for an optical fiber if the distance from the screen and end of
the fiber is found to be 1.1 cm when the spatial intensity light covers a circle of 1 cm
diameter.

Given data:
Distance from the screen and end of the fiber = 1.1 cm
Diameter of the circle = 1cm
To find;
Angle of acceptance, θ0 =?
Numerical aperture, NA =?
Solution:

−1 D
Angle of acceptance, θ0 =sin ( )
2L

−1 1
θ0 =tan ( )
2 ×1.1

0
θ0 =24.44

Numerical aperture, NA = sin θ0 =Sin (24.44)

NA = 0.4138

4.Find the Fermi energy of copper material at 14 ohms, 343 K in electron volt, if the ratio of
resistance to temperature is 0.04 ohm per Kelvin, given the Fermi velocity for the electrons
is 1.56 x106 m/s for the material.
 Given data:
Resistance = 14 ohms
Temperature = 343K
Resistance ∆ R
Slope = = =¿ 0.04 ohm per Kelvin
Temperature ∆ T
Fermi velocity = 1.56 x106 m/s

To find;
Fermi energy of copper material =?
Solution:

[ ]
2
m V F .T 2
. . [ Slope ]
Fermi energy, E F = 2 R ev
e

[ ]
2
9.1 ×10−31 9.1 ×10−31 ×343 2
. . [ 0.04 ]
EF = 2 14 ev = 6.46 ev
−19
1.6 ×10

5. In an experiment involved in the determination of energy gap of a semiconductor, the

ratio of logarithm of Resistance versus T -1 was found to be 1750 ohm/Kelvin, then find the
energy gap of the semiconducting material, assuming the Boltzmann constant.
Given data:
logR
Ω
Slope = 1 = 1750
10−3 K
T

To find; Eg =?
Solution:
The energy gap of the semiconducting material,
2.303× 2× K B × Slope
Eg = −19
1.6 ×10
−23
2.303× 2× 1.38 × ×1750
Eg = −19
1.6 ×10

Eg = 0.612ev

6.Obtain the value of Planck’s constant in an experiment involved, where the cut off voltage
(knee voltage) of Blue LED with emitting radiation of 4358A0 found to be 2.8V.

Given data:
Cut off voltage (knee voltage) of Blue LED = 2.8V
Wavelength of Blue LED = 4358A0
To find;
Planck’s constant(h) =?
Solution:
 e V K ❑B
Planck’s constant, h = JS
C
−19 −10
1.6 ×10 ×2.8 × 4358 ×
h= 8
3 ×10

h = 6.507 ×−34 JS

7.Obtain the value of Planck’s constant in an experiment involved, where the cut off voltage
(knee voltage) of Red LED with emitting radiation of 6907A0 found to be 1.8V.

Given data:

Cut off voltage (knee voltage) of Blue LED = 1.8V

Wavelength of Blue LED = 6907A0
To find;
Planck’s constant(h) =?
Solution:
e V K ❑B
Planck’s constant, h = JS
C
−19 −10
1.6 ×10 ×1.8 ×6907 ×
h= 8 = 6.630 ×−34 JS
3× 10

8.In a diffraction grating experiment the laser light undergoes second order diffraction for
diffraction angle 1.48˚. The grating constant d=5.05x10 -5 m and the distance between the
grating and source is 0.60 m, find the wave length of LASER light?

Given data:
Second order diffraction for diffraction angle 1.48˚
The grating constant d=5.05x10-5m
Distance between the grating and source(f) = 0.60m
To find;
Wavelength of laser light used in the measurement ()=?
Solution:
Wavelength of laser light,
dsinθ m
= nm
m
−5
5.05× sin(1.48)
¿
2

= 6.52 ×10−7 m
 = 652 nm

9.In an optical fibre experiment the Laser light propagating through optical fibre cable of
1.5m, made a spot diameter of 8mm on the screen. The distance between the end of the
optical fibre cable and the screen is 0.031 m. calculate angle of contact and numerical
aperture of given optical fibre?
Given data:
Length of the OFC = 1.5m
Diameter of the spot = 8mm
The distance between the end of the optical fibre cable and the screen = 0.031m
To find;
Acceptance angle, θ0 =?
Numerical Aperture, NA =?

Solution:
1.Acceptance angle, θ0 =tan
−1
( 2DL )
−3
−1 8×
θ0 =tan ( )
2 ×0.031

−1
θ0 =tan (0.25)
0
θ0 =7.35

2.Numerical Aperture, NA = sin−1 (θ0 )

NA = sin−1 (7.350)

NA = 0.1271

11.In the experiment of plotting of transistor characteristics for an NPN transistor in CE

mode, the values of collector currents were found to be 2.18mA & 3.64mA, when the base
current was 30µA & 50µA; Find the current gain β (CE mode). Also find the current gain in
CB & CC mode.
To find;
Current gain β (CE mode) =?
Current gainα (CB mode) =?
Current gain γ (CC mode) =?
Solution:
Δ I C 3.64−2.18
Current gain β (CE mode) = β= = =73
Δ IB 50−30

β 73
Current gainα (CB mode) = α = = =0.986
1+ β 1+73
 1 1
Current gain γ (CC mode) = γ = = =71.42
1−α 1−0.986

12. Find the value of responsivity for a given photo diode, if the ratio of change in photo
diode current to change in photo diode intensity is found to be 0.055A/W.
Given data:
∆ I PD
Slope = R(expt )= = 0.055A/M
∆ I PLED
Solution:
To find; R(exact)=?

R(expt ) 0.055
R(exact)= = = 0.083A/M
0.66 0.66