FORCE AND MOTION.

WORKSHEET - 1

1. 1
1. A train begins a journey from a station and travels 60 km in a time of 20 minutes.

What is the average speed of the train?

A 3.0 m / s B 5.0 m / s C 50 m / s D 60 m / s

2. 2 Two runners take part in a race.

The graph shows how the speed of each runner changes with time.

runner 1
speed
runner 2

0
0 t time

What does the graph show about the runners at time t ?

A Both runners are moving at the same speed.

B Runner 1 has zero acceleration.
C Runner 1 is overtaking runner 2.
D Runner 2 is slowing down.

3. 3 The graph shows how the speed of a van changes with time for part of its journey.
In which labelled section is the van decelerating?

speed

0
0 A B C D time

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4.4 A large stone is dropped from a bridge into a river. Air resistance can be ignored.

Which row describes the acceleration and the speed of the stone as it falls?

acceleration speed of
of the stone the stone

A constant constant
B constant increasing
C increasing constant
D increasing increasing

5. 5 A car travels along a straight road.

The speed-time graph for this journey is shown.

During which labelled part of the journey is the resultant force on the car zero?

speed

C
B
D

0
0 time

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6.6 An object moves at a constant speed for some time, then begins to accelerate.

Which distance-time graph shows this motion?

A B

distance distance

0 0
0 time 0 time

C D

distance distance

0 0
0 time 0 time

7.7 A car travels at an average speed of 60 km / h for 15 minutes.

How far does the car travel in this time?

A 4.0 km B 15 km C 240 km D 900 km

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8. 8 A ball is dropped from a table-top. Air resistance may be ignored.

Which row describes the velocity and the acceleration of the ball at point X?

acceleration velocity

A constant constant
B constant increasing
C increasing constant
D increasing increasing

9. 9 The diagram shows the speed-time graph for a car.

speed

Y
X
0
0 time

Which area represents the distance travelled while the car is accelerating?

A X B X+Y C Y D Y–X

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10. 12 A car moves with constant speed and then constant acceleration.

Which graph is the speed-time graph for the car?

A B C D

speed speed speed speed

0 0 0 0
0 time 0 time 0 time 0 time

11. 13 What does the area under a speed-time graph represent?

A acceleration

B average speed
C deceleration
D distance travelled

12.14 A car travels 100 km. The journey takes two hours. The highest speed of the car is 80 km / h, and
the lowest speed is 40 km / h.

What is the average speed for the journey?

A 40 km / h B 50 km / h C 60 km / h D 120 km / h

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13.15 The speed-time graph shows the motion of a car.

Q R
speed

P
0
0 time

Which row describes the motion?

between P and Q between Q and R

A accelerating moving at constant speed

B accelerating not moving
C moving at constant speed decelerating
D moving at constant speed not moving

14. 16 The diagram shows the distance-time graph of an object.

distance

0
0 time

Which statement describes the object?

A It is accelerating.
B It is moving at a constant speed.
C It is slowing down.
D It is stationary.

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15. 17 A tennis player hits a ball hard and 0.40 s later hears the echo from a wall.

The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s.

How far away is the player from the wall?

A 66 m B 132 m C 264 m D 825 m

16. 18 The graph represents the motion of a car.

20
speed
m/s

10

0
0 5 10 15 2
time / s

What is the distance travelled by the car while it is moving at a constant speed?

A 100 m B 150 m C 250 m D 300 m

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17. 19 A car travels along the route PQRST in 30 minutes.

5 km

Q 10 km

T
5 km
10 km

R
P

What is the average speed of the car?

A 10 km / hour B 20 km / hour C 30 km / hour D 60 km / hour

18. 20 The table shows the readings on a car speedometer at 5 second intervals.

Which row describes the speed and the acceleration of the car?

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19. 21 The diagram shows the distance-time graph for a car.

At which labelled point is the car moving with constant speed?

distance B D

C
0
0 time

20. 22 The graph represents the motion of a train travelling between two stations.

20
speed
m/s

10

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
time / s

Which statement about the train is correct?

A Its acceleration takes a longer time than its deceleration.

B It travels at constant speed for less than half of its journey time.
C It travels 2000 m in the first 100 s.
D It travels 10 000 m at constant speed.

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21.23 A car travels 6.0 km along a main road in 6.0 minutes. It then travels 2.0 km along a minor road in
6.0 minutes.

minor
road
6.0 km
2.0 km

6.0 minutes
6.0 minutes
main
road

Which calculation of average speed for the whole journey is correct?

A 8.0 ÷ 12.0 = 0.67 km / minute

B 12.0 ÷ 8.0 = 1.5 km / minute

C 8.0 + 12.0 = 20 km / minute

D 8.0 × 12.0 = 96 km / minute

22. 24 Which distance / time graph represents the motion of an object moving at constant speed?

A B

distance distance

0 0
0 time 0 time

C D

distance distance

0 0
0 time 0 time

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23. 26 A car takes 15 minutes to travel along a road that is 20 km long.

What is the average speed of the car?

A 0.75 km / h B 5.0 km / h C 80 km / h D 300 km / h

27 The graph shows how the speed of a car changes with time.
24.

speed

0
U V X Y time

Between which two times is the car stationary?

A U and V B V and W C W and X D X and Y

25.

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26. 28 A man stands by a railway track.

A train travelling at 40 m / s takes 2.0 s to pass the man.

What is the length of the train?

A 20 m B 38 m C 40 m D 80 m

29 An aeroplane flies from town X to town Z, stopping for 1 hour at town Y to pick up more
27.
passengers. The distances between the towns are shown in the diagram.

300 km 200 km Z

The total time taken between leaving X and arriving at Z is 3 hours.

What is the average speed of the aeroplane in the air?

A 500 km / h B 500 km / h C 500 km / h D 500 km / h

4 3 2 1

28. 30 Which person is experiencing an acceleration?

A a driver of a car that is braking to stop at traffic lights

B a passenger in a train that is stationary in a railway station
C a shopper in a large store ascending an escalator (moving stairs) at a uniform rate
D a skydiver falling at constant speed towards the Earth

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29.31 A car travels at various speeds during a short journey.

The table shows the distances travelled and the times taken during each of four stages
P, Q, R and S.

During which two stages is the car travelling at the same average speed?

A P and Q B P and S C Q and R D R and S

30.32 A heavy metal ball falls vertically downwards through air past four equally spaced levels J, K, L
and M.

metal ball

level J

level K

level L

level M

The times taken to fall from one level to the next are measured.

Where is the speed of the ball greatest and which time is shortest?

speed is time is
greatest between shortest between

A J and K J and K
B J and K L and M
C L and M J and K
D L and M L and M

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1 (a) A bus travels at a constant speed. It stops for a short time and then travels at a higher constant
speed.

Using the axes in Fig. 1.1, draw a distance-time graph for this bus journey. [3]

distance

0
0 time

Fig. 1.1
[3]

(b) A lift (elevator) starts from rest at the ground floor of a building.

Fig. 1.2 is the speed-time graph for the motion of the lift to the top floor of the building.

4.0
Fig. 1.2
speed
m/s
3.0

2.0

1.0

Use the graph to determine the distance from the ground floor to the top floor of the building.

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
distance = .............................................................. [4]
time / s
Fig. 1.2 [Total : 7]

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2 Fig. 1.1 shows the speed-time graph for a car travelling along a straight road.

The graph shows how the speed of the car changes as the car passes through a small town.

35

D
30
speed
m/s
A
25

enters leaves
20 town town
here here

15

B C

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
time / s

Fig. 1.1

(a) Calculate the distance between the start of the town and the end of the town.

distance = [3]

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 (b) Calculate the acceleration of the car between C and D.

acceleration = [3]

(c) State how the graph shows that the deceleration of the car has the same numerical value as
its acceleration.

[1]

[Total: 7]

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3 (a) Figs. 1.1 and 1.2 show speed-time graphs for two objects, each moving in a straight line.

speed speed

0 0
0 time 0 time

Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2

(i) Describe the motion of the object shown by the graph in Fig. 1.1.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

(ii) Describe the motion of the object shown by the graph in Fig. 1.2.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[3]

(b) On a day with no wind, a large object is dropped from a tall building. The object experiences
air resistance during its fall to the ground.

State and explain, in terms of the forces acting, how the acceleration of the object varies
during its fall.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 7]

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4 At a sports event, a champion runner and a car take part in a race.

(a) The runner runs at a constant speed of 10 m / s from the start of the race. During the first 5.0 s
of the race, the car’s speed increases from 0 m / s to 25 m / s at a uniform rate.

On Fig. 1.1, draw

(i) a graph to show the motion of the runner, [1]

(ii) a graph to show the motion of the car.

30
speed
m/s

20

10

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
time / s
Fig. 1.1
[1]

(b) Use your graphs to determine

(i) the distance travelled by the runner in the 5.0 s,

distance = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) the distance travelled by the car in the 5.0 s,

distance = ...........................................................[2]

(iii) the time at which the car overtakes the runner.

time = ...........................................................[2]

[Total: 7]
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5 Fig. 1.1 shows a rocket-powered sled travelling along a straight track. The sled is used to test
components before they are sent into space.

sled
track

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.2 is the speed-time graph for the sled from time t = 0 s.

1000

800
speed
m/s 600

400

200

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
time / s

Fig. 1.2

(a) On Fig. 1.2, mark a point labelled P to indicate a time when the acceleration of the sled is not
constant. [1]

(b) (i) Calculate the acceleration of the sled at t = 1.0 s.

acceleration = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) Determine the distance travelled by the sled between t = 1.0 s and t = 2.0 s.

distance = ...........................................................[2]

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 (c) The resultant force acting on the sled remains constant during the test.

Suggest why the acceleration of the sled is not constant.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 6]

Fig 1.1

distance = ............................................ [2]

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(b) Explain what the graph shows about the motion of the comet during the period t = 6.0 s to
t = 10.0 s.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Determine the acceleration of the comet at t = 11.0 s.

acceleration = ...........................................................[2]

(d) Suggest what happens to the comet at t = 12.0 s.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 8]

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7 A plastic ball is dropped from the balcony of a tall building and falls towards the ground in a straight
line.

Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the falling ball.

8.0

speed
m/s
6.0

4.0

2.0

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0
time / s

Fig. 1.1

(a) State and explain, in terms of forces, what is happening to the speed of the ball between time
t = 2.0 s and t = 3.0 s.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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