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cÖwZwôZ: Rvbyqvwi 1971 | †iwR. b¤^i P-74 | el© 45 | msL¨v 7 | ivgvhvbÑkvIqvjÕ36 = RyjvBÕ15

cÖ wZ ôv Zv
AvjnvR¡ gvIjvbv †gvnv¤§` BDbym (ivn.)
cÖ av b m ¤úv ` K
Avjøvgv gydZx Ave`yj nvjxg †evLvix
m ¤úv ` K
W. Av d g Lvwj` †nv‡mb
m¤úv`Kxq 04
m n Kv ix m ¤úv ` K Zvdmxiæj KziAvb
gvIjvbv Ievq`yjøvn nvghvn m~iv dvwZnv: wek¦kvwšÍi A‡jŠwKK `k©b
Ñ gydZx gynv¤§` Ave`yj gvbœvb 03
e¨v e ¯’v c bv m ¤úv ` K mgKvjxb
gy. mwMi Avng` †PŠayix C`yj wdZ‡ii wewaweavb
Ñ AvjvDÏxb web wmÏxK 05
†hv Mv ‡hv M †ivwn½v gymwjg mgm¨v
Ñ AvwZKzi ingvb bMix 07
`¨ †MÖU Gi`yMvb, G‡Kwc...
m¤úv`bv `dZi Ñ L›`Kvi gynv¤§` nvwg`yj−vn 09
Avj-Rvwgqv gv‡K©U (3q Zjv)
ag©Ñ`k©b
160, Av›`iwKjøv, PÆMÖvgÑ4000
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh
†dvb: 01819-384164 (m¤úv`K) Ñ `viæj Djyg †`Ie›` 15
01871Ñ525252 (mnKvix m¤úv`K)
ivm~jj
y v− n (mv.) wK ÔMv‡qeÕ Rv‡bb?
01819-353896 (e¨e¯’vcbv m¤úv`K)
Ñ gvIjvbv W. Avng` Avjx 19
01815-847070 (mvKz©‡jkb g¨v‡bRvi)
nv`xm Aa¨q‡b AvMÖnx fvB‡`i cÖwZ
B-†gBj: [email protected] Ñ gvIjvbv gvndzh Avng` 24
[email protected]
wbq‡Zi Zvrch© I BLjvm
[email protected] (m¤úv`K)
Ñ gvIjvbv eRjyi inxg m›Øxcx 28
e¨ e ¯’v c bv q gnvRxeb
BwZnvmwe` W. gynv¤§` Bbvg-Dj-nK
Avj-Rvwgqv Avj-Bmjvwgqv cwUqv, PÆMÖvg Ñ W. Av d g Lvwj` †nv‡mb 32
`vg: c‡bi UvKv gvÎ †cÖwm‡W›U W. gynv¤§` gyiwmi `kwU Z_¨
Ñ BqvfzR †mwjg 34
Monthly At-tawheed
A monthly journal for Islamic research and literary affairs
gvIjvbv Ave`yjvø n (in.): Rxeb I Kg©
published by Al-Jamia Al-Islamia, Patiya, Chittagong, from Ñ gyKZv‡`i AvRv` Lvb 36
Magazine Complex,Al-Jamiah Market (2nd Floor), 160,
Anderkillah, Chittagong-4000, Bangladesh.
wdPvi
Avj-Rvwgqv Avj-Bmjvwgqv cwUqv KZ©„K Avj-Rvwgqvi g~`ªY wefvM, PÆMÖvg Bmjv‡gi c‡_ GK Av‡gwiKvb bvix 37
†_‡K gyw`ªZ Ges cÖKvkbv `dZi, Avj-Rvwgqv gv‡K©U (3q Zjv), 160 Avwg †Kb BmivBj‡K mg_©b Kwi bv 39
Av›`iwKjøv, PÆMÖvg-4000 †_‡K cÖKvwkZ
 C`: mvgvwRK HK¨ I
msnwZi cÖvYcÖevn
c„w_ex w`‡b ïay wb‡R fv‡jv †L‡j I fv‡jv ci‡j C‡`i Avb›`
wewfbœ m¤ú~Y© nq bv, Ab¨‡`i LvIqv civi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z
RvwZ‡Mvôxi n‡e| my¯v^ `y Lvevi †KD GKv Lvq bvÑ mevB‡K LvB‡q
wbR¯^ Drme i‡q‡Q KviY Avgiv Avb›` I Z…wß jvf Ki‡ev| hvi `vb Kivi ev
Drm‡ei gva¨‡g cÖv‡Yi mRxeZv A¶zbœ _v‡K Ges gvbyl LvIqv‡bvi mvg_© †bB, †m wgwó K_v e‡j, †mœn-ggZv I
Lyu‡R cvq Rxeb mvabvi wmw×| Avi gymjgvb‡`i RvZxq mnvbyf~wZ †`wL‡q mevB‡K Lywk Kiv DwPr| GUvB C‡`i
Drme n‡jv C`| C` gv‡b Avb›` I my‡Li eviZv| C` w`‡bi weavb I KZ©e¨| Gi d‡j ci¯úi kÎæZvfve
gymjgvb‡`i me‡P‡q eo agx©q Drme| cÖwZ eQi cÖwZwU we`ywiZ n‡q mgv‡Ri m`m¨‡`i gv‡S åvZ…Zf ¡ ve †R‡M
gymjgv‡bi N‡i G eviZv Av‡m| ighv‡bi †ivhvi †k‡l EV‡e| Z¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g gvbyl gvby‡li fvjevmv cvq Ges
Lywki C` C`yj wdZi| GKRb †ivhv`vi ighv‡bi GK Rxeb AgiZ¡ jvf K‡i|
gvm wmqvg mvabvi ga¨ w`‡q K…”QZv, mshg, ˆah© I `xN© GK gvm wmqvg mvabvi ci C‡`i c~‡e© `wi`ª I
gvbweK g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖwk¶Y jvf K‡i ZviB g~j¨vq‡bi AfveMÖ¯’ gvbyl‡K wdZiv `vb Kiv Avw_©Kfv‡e ¯^”Qj
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GK Ac~e© `„‡k¨i AeZviYv nq| C`Mvn n‡q D‡V `ywU| 1. mgv‡Ri `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx hv‡Z Acivci
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¶z`ªZv, msKxY©Zv, Zz”QZv, wnsmv I we‡Øl fy‡j †ivhv cvj‡b mZK©Zv m‡Ë¡I †hme ÎæwU-wePz¨wZ n‡q
ci¯úi‡K fv‡jvev‡m| cvi¯úwiK Kzkj wewbg‡qi hvq, ‡hb Zvi cÖwZweavb nq| gvm e¨vcx cwiPvwjZ
gva¨‡g me©¯Í‡ii gvby‡li g‡a¨ mvgvwRK HK¨ I msnwZi K‡Vvi mvabvq wicy I KzceÖ „w˸‡jv‡K Ae`gb K‡i hviv
m„wó nq| gymjgvb‡`i Rxebavivq Gi g~j¨ wekvj| Rqx n‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, C` Zv‡`i R‡qi Drme|
ighv‡bi †ivhv Z_v †m‡nix, Zviexn I BdZvi hviv C` Drm‡ei g~jevYx n‡”Q gvby‡l gvby‡l fvjevmv,
h_vh_fv‡e cvjb K‡i‡Qb; cvcvPvi Z¨vM Kivi mK‡ji gv‡S GKZv I kvwš—, †fv‡M bq, Z¨v‡MB myLÑ
cÖwk¶Y wb‡q‡Qb, C‡`i Avb›` Zv‡`i Rb¨; Aci w`‡K C` GK_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q| C` wbQK Drme bq, GKwU
hviv B”QvK…Zfv‡e †ivhv †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q, w`‡bi †ejv Mfxi A_© wbwnZ Av‡Q C‡`| C‡`i g‡a¨ mgvR,
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n‡jv `ytL I nZvkvi| Sjg‡j I myevwmZ bZzb Rvgv jywK‡q Av‡Q| C` Avgv‡`i mvgvwRK †PZbvi Avb›`
Mv‡q w`‡jI Zv‡`i cÖvwßi fvÊvi ïb¨| cÖe„wËi gyLi Awfe¨w³ I RvZxq ms¯‹w… Zi Ab¨Zg cÖvYcÖevn|
cÖ‡ivPbv‡K `gb K‡i hviv we‡e‡Ki kw³‡K RvMÖZ G K_v Avgv‡`i mK‡ji g‡b ivLv `iKvi C`
Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb ighvb gv‡m, C‡`i w`b Avjøvn ZvAvjv gymjgvb‡`i agx©q Abyôvb| ag© cvj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q
Zv‡`i ¶gv K‡i †`b| C‡`i w`‡b †ivhv`vi‡`i Rb¨ †Kgb K‡i cweÎ I wbg©j Avb›` cvIqv hvq, †m wk¶v
GUv weivU cÖvwß| cvIqv hvq C` Drm‡e| wbQK Av‡gv`-cÖ‡gv`, ˆn ûjøyo,
C‡`i w`‡b eo-†QvU mgv‡Ri me m`m¨ bZzb Rvgv c‡o cvbvnvi, bvP-Mvb cÖfw„ Z G Drm‡ei j¶¨ bq| Avb›`
eÜz-evÜe, AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb I cvov-cowk‡`i evwo evwo I Drm‡ei AvwZk‡h¨ †hb agx©q fve Mv¤¢xh© ¶wZMÖ¯’ bv
wM‡q mvjvg, †KvjvKzwj I ï‡f”Qv wewbgq K‡i _v‡K| nq, †m w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv cÖ‡qvRb|
C‡`i w`‡b N‡i N‡i †mgvB, †cvjvI, wewiqvwb,
cv‡qmmn bvbv my¯^v`y Lvevi ˆZwi n‡q _v‡K| C‡`i W. Av d g Lvwj` †nv‡mb
RyjvBÕ15 2
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m~iv dvwZnv: wek¦kvwšÍi

A‡jŠwKK `k©b
gydZx gynv¤§` Ave`yj gvbœvb
f‚wgKv cv‡i bv| GUv wbZvšÍB kqZvb Avb‡›`i eo Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e †ewk
m~iv dvwZnvi †hme ˆewkó¨ ¯’vb KZ…©K D™¢vweZ wPšÍv, hv‡Z gvbyl †ewk m¤ú` DcvR©b Kiv, ms‡ÿ‡c
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dvwZnv †MvUv GKwU Rxeb e¨e¯’v, ev‡R Kv‡R wjß n‡Z cv‡i Ges fzj evmbv Abyhvqx Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡i
wek¦kvwšÍi A‡jŠwKK `dvmg~n, gvbe c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡q wb‡Ri g~j¨evb g„Zz¨eiY Kivi bvgB n‡”Q gvby‡li
Kj¨v‡Yi P‚ovšÍ evZv©, Bmjv‡gi Rxeb‡K aŸsm Ki‡Z cv‡i| P‚ovšÍ Rxeb| wKš‘ GB aviYv †¯ªd
cÖvY, ev›`v I i‡ei gv‡S †mZzeÜb, gvbyl AwZ ¯^í mg‡qi Rb¨ †auvKv Qvov Ab¨ wKQzB bq| GB
gvbe-gyw³i P‚ovšÍ evZv©, hveZxq `ywbqv‡Z AvMgb K‡i Ges GB mgq aviYvi g~j wfwË n‡”Q Avjøvn cv‡Ki
msK‡Ui mgvavb, Bmjvgx wecø‡ei cvi K‡i Aek¨B Zv‡K Ab¨ RM‡Z Aw¯ÍZ¡ I ciRM‡Zi A¯^xKv‡ii
hy‡Mvc‡hvwM Dcv`vb, gymjgvb‡`i cvwo Rgv‡Z nq| †mB RM‡Zi K_v Ici, hv m¤ú~Y© gbMov I kqZvwb
†h‡nZz Bw›`ªq I we‡eK-eyw×i Kíbvi Ici wbf©ikxj| c„w_exi
DÌvb I cZb, gymjgvb‡`i
gva¨‡g Rvbv m¤¢e bq, †m‡nZz †KD ey‡K e‡m Kv‡iv c‡ÿ G e¨vcv‡i
AacZ‡bi KviY I cÖwZKvi,
G‡K gv‡b Avevi †KD G‡K †Kvb `wjj-cÖgvY †ck Kiv m¤¢e
gymjgvb‡`i cZ‡b wek¦ Kx nvivj?
cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i| wKš‘ wPimZ¨ nj, bq| hw` †KD G e¨vcv‡i ev¯Íe
gymjgvb‡`i gv‡S †Kv›`j wbim‡bi †Kvb cÖgvY †ck Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j
g~jbxwZ, weÁv‡bi c_cÖ`k©K Ges gvZ…M‡f© _vKv åæY cvw_©e Rxeb
m¤ú‡K© †hgb wKQzB Rv‡b bv, ZeyI `vwe K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K ïay GB c„w_ex
`ywbqvi P‚ovšÍ aŸsm KLb I bq, eis †MvUv gnvwe‡k¦i evB‡i
Zv‡K `ywbqv‡Z Avm‡Z nq, wVK
wKfv‡e?Õ wM‡q Zvi wPšÍv-fvebv †ck Ki‡Z
†Zgwb c„w_ex‡Z _vKv gvby‡liI
gvby‡li Aw¯ÍZ¡, AwZmy›`i MVb, n‡e, ZLbB †Kej †m GB cÖgvY
ciKvj m¤ú‡K© aviYv _vKyK Avi
Ávb weÁv‡bi PgrKvi †hvM¨Zv, †ck Kivi AwaKvi AR©b Ki‡Z
bvB ev _vKyK ciKv‡j Zv‡K Aek¨B
gnvKv‡k wePiY, wek¦åg‡bi cvwo Rgv‡Z n‡e| e¯‘RMZ m¤ú‡K© cv‡i|
m~²vwZ-m~² evnb, wÎwW wcÖ›Uvi, Bmjv‡gi cÖ`Ë A‡bK¸‡jv aviYvB `yB. cvw_©e Rxeb e„_v ev Ab_©K
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Kivi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| †h gvbyl n‡eB| Ki‡Z nq| Z‡e †hLv‡b GB
weÁv‡bi gva¨‡g c„w_exi †Kvb e¯‘B cvw_©e Rxeb m¤ú‡K© gvby‡li g‡a¨ Revew`wn Ki‡Z n‡e, Zvi bvg
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gvby‡liB wb‡Ri m„wói AšÍiv‡j GK. gvbyl Ab¨vb¨ cïcvwLi gZB fvebv gvby‡li cÖKw… Zi mv‡_
†Kvb gnr D‡Ïk¨ _vK‡e bv, eis GKwU Rxe, hvi KvR nj LvIqv- mvgÄm¨kxj Ges GB aviYv gvby‡li
†m g‡bi B‡”Q Abyhvqx Rxeb `vIqv, Avb›`-Djøvm Kiv, L¨vwZ Rb¨ my›`i I kvwšÍgq Rxeb
cwiPvjbv Ki‡e Zv KLbB n‡Z AR©b Kiv, AvwacZ¨ we¯Ívi Kiv, cwiPvjbvi c_ AbymÜvb K‡i| wKš‘
RyjvBÕ15 3
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cvw_©e Rxe‡b †Kvb KvR g½jRbK, Mixe-`ywL †jv‡Kiv gyw³ †cZ, abxiv GUv ïay weÁv‡bi AmnvqZ¡ bq, eis
my›`i, kvwšÍgq I ciRM‡Z Gi b¨vqm½Zfv‡e m¤ú` AR©b K‡i abx gvby‡li D™¢vweZ †Kvb Áv‡bB Gi
e¨vcv‡i ai-cvKo Kiv n‡e bv, Zv nZ Ges Mixeiv mÿgZv Abymv‡i †Kvb mgvavb †bB| GB chv©‡q
Abyfe Kiv gvby‡li Bw›`ªq kw³ I iæwR DcvR©b K‡i kvwšÍ‡Z Nygv‡Z gvby‡li hv `iKvi Zv n‡”Q GKwU
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Z_¨ cÖhyw³ gvby‡li eyw×gËviB wb¯Íä n‡q †hZ, ¸g, Lyb, al©Y I me©¯’v‡b mgvbfv‡e Kvh©Ki _v‡K|
GKwU Ask hvi gva¨‡g cvw_©e bvix wbhv©Zb gvby‡li Kv‡Q wKQz hvi Øviv `ywbqvi kvwšÍ I wbivcËvi
Rxe‡b e¯‘MZ w`K †_‡K cÖPyi I A‡Pbv k‡ã cwiYZ nZ, gvbyl weavb wbwðZ nq, gvby‡li AvZ¥v I
AKíbxq DbœwZ mvab Kiv hvq, wKš‘ KL‡bv AvZ¥nZ¨vi wPšÍv KiZ bv, Pwi‡Î wecøe N‡U, cÖ‡Z¨‡K c‡ii
AvZ¥vi cÖkvwšÍ I kvwšÍgq Rxeb wKš‘ ev¯Í‡e G¸‡jv wKQzB nq wb, AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ hZœevb nq Ges
cÖwZôvi †ÿ‡Î weÁvb †Kvb f‚wgKv eis Dëv me©‡ÿ‡Î Aciv‡ai gvÎv
cvjb K‡i bv, eis G †ÿ‡Î weÁvb G‡K Ac‡ii Ici n¯Í‡ÿc Kiv
e„w× †c‡q‡Q Ges ax‡i ax‡i Zv
cy‡ivcywiB Aÿg| G Kvi‡Y †Kvb †_‡K weiZ _v‡K, b¨vq wePvi I
Av‡iv e„w× †c‡Z hv‡”Q, eZ©gvb
w`b GK_v †kvbv hvq wb †h, Bbmvd cÖwZôvi †ÿ‡Î abx Mix‡ei
wek¦Uv Gi GKwU R¡jšÍ `„óvšÍ †ck
weÁv‡bi gva¨‡g Kv‡iv Pwi‡Î Ki‡Q| ˆelg¨ †gvPb nq, hveZxq Aciva
cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q, Kv‡iv PwiÎ D³ Av‡jvPbv Øviv †evSv hvq †h, †_‡K gvbyl wb‡R wb‡RB †eu‡P
†mŠ›`h© I DbœwZ jvf K‡i‡Q A_ev weÁvb I Z_¨ cÖhwy ³ Øviv A‡Xj _v‡K| gvbe RvwZi GB cÖ‡qvRbUv
†KD AvZ¥vi cÖkvwšÍ AR©b Ki‡Z m¤úwËi gvwjK nIqv hvq, †fvM- c~iY Kivi Rb¨ gnvb Avjøvn Zvqvjv
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hw` weÁvb I Z_¨ cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vi DbœwZ Kiv hvq ÁvbfvÛvi `vb K‡i‡Qb, hvi g‡a¨
gvby‡li AvZ¥v I Pwi‡Îi cwieZ©b Ges †MvUv `ywbqvi Ici AvwacZ¨ c„w_ex‡Z GKwU my›`i, kvwšÍgq I
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KiZ bv, `v½v-nv½vgv eÜ n‡q †hZ, wbivcËv Gi Øviv Av‡`Š AR©b Kiv `„óvšÍ †ck Kiv †Kvb gvby‡li c‡ÿ
abx I kvmK‡`i wbhv©Zb †_‡K m¤¢e bq| m¤¢e bq| [Pj‡e]

Avcbvi mšÍvb wK gv`Kvm³?

m¤ú~Y© Øxwb cwi‡e‡k we‡klÁ Wv³v‡ii ZË¡veav‡b Ges AwfÁ Øxb`vi e¨w³i
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C`yj wdZ‡ii wewaweavb

AvjvDÏxb web wmÏxK
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n‡jv ÔAZ¨š— Avb›` ev LywkÕ| ïb‡Z cvq, Ô†n gynv¤§v` (mv.)-Gi AZGe †d‡i¯ÍvMY BdZv‡ii
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Z¨vM-wZwZ¶vi ci Aek¨B eo eo Ab¨vqmg~n‡K gvd
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†_‡K ev›`vi D‡Ï‡k¨ we‡kl C`Mv‡ni w`‡K iIqvbv nq ZLb 1. kixqv‡Zi mxgvi g‡a¨ †_‡K
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C`yj wdZi Ges C`yj AvRnv‡KB cwic~Y©iƒ‡c mgvav K‡i‡Q Zvi †h‡Kv‡bv Kv‡R GKUz my‡hvM †c‡jB
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Kiv kixqZ cwicš’x| Avi Avgv‡`i gvwjK! Zvi cÖwZ`vb †Zv Avgiv G e¨vcv‡iI Ggb evovevwo
gymjgvb‡`i Drm‡ei w`bI G `yB GUvB †h, Zvi gR`ywi cy‡ivcywi `vb Kwi †h, Zvj‡Mvj cvwK‡q me
C`| †h C‡` gymjgvbiv GKwÎZ Kiv nq, ZLb nK Zvqvjv Bikv` wb‡Ri gbgZB Kwi| †gv‡UI wPš—v
n‡q Avj−vni †kvKi Av`v‡qi K‡ib| †n †d‡i¯ÍvMY! †Zvgiv Kwi bv Avm‡j wK ZLb Zvi Avi
D‡Ï‡k¨ `y'ivKvZ IqvwRe bvgvh mv¶x _vK Avwg Zv‡`i‡K ivgvhv‡bi ag©xq Abyôvb _v‡K wKbv| 2. †Mvmj
Av`vq K‡i _v‡K| G w`b¸‡jv‡Z †ivhv I Zvivex‡ni wewbg‡q Avgvi Kiv, 3. wgmIqvK Kiv, 4. h_vm¤¢e
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Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ki‡Z _v‡Kb, †n Avgvi ev›`vnMY| DVv, 7. dR‡ii bvgv‡hi ciciB
nv`x‡mi fvlvq C`yj wdZ‡ii Avgvi wbKU PvI Avgvi B¾‡Zi mKvj mKvj C`Mv‡n hvIqv, 8.
ivZ‡K ÔjvBjvZzj Rv‡qRvÕ A_©vr Kmg, Avgvi gh©v`vi Kmg A`¨Kvi C`Mv‡n hvIqvi c~‡e© †LRyi A_ev
cyi¯‹v‡ii ivZ ejv nq| GB C` GB mgv‡e‡k Av‡Liv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv wgóvbœ Avnvi Kiv, 9.
Dcj‡¶ †d‡i¯Íviv Avj−vni c¶ Avgvi wbKU hv wKQz PvB‡e ZvB `vb C`Mv‡n hvIqvi c~‡e© mv`Kv‡q
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K‡i Zvi `qv, †g‡nievbx Ges mIqvj Ki‡e Zv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i bvgvh gmwR‡` bv c‡o C`Mv‡n cov
¶gv‡K ¯§iY Kwi‡q Zvi w`‡K wd‡i Ae¯’vi cÖwZ j¶¨ ivLe| Avgvi A_©vr webv Kvi‡Y gmwR‡` bv cov,
Avmvi Rb¨ Avnevb Ki‡Z _v‡K, B¾‡Zi Kmg hZ¶Y ch©š— †Zvgiv 11. C`Mv‡n GK iv¯Ív w`‡q cÖ‡ek
Avi Avj−vnI Zvi ev›`vn‡`i †h Avgvq †Lqvj ivL‡e ZZ¶Y ch©š— Kiv Ab¨ iv¯Ívq cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv, 12.
RyjvBÕ15 5
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C`Mv‡n cv‡q †nu‡U hvIqv, 13. dih Avi C‡`i LyZev †`Iqv mybœZ IqvwRe wZb ZvKexi e‡j wb‡e|
C`Mv‡n hvIqvi mgq ax‡i ax‡i GB wKš‘ C‡`i LyZev ïbv IqvwRe| IB Avi i“Kz‡Z †c‡j hw` `„p wek¦vm nq
ZvKexi cov: ÔAvj−vû AvKevi, mgq K_vevZ©v, Pjv‡div BZ¨vw` †h, ZvKexi e‡jI Bgvg mv‡ne‡K
Avj−vû AvKevi, jv-Bjvnv Bj−vj−vû, †h‡Kv‡bv KvR wb‡la| i“Kz‡Z cv‡e Zvn‡j Zvnixgv †eu‡a
Iqvj−vû AvKevi, Avj−vû AvKevi C‡`i bvgv‡hi c~‡e© gwnjv †nvK `uvwo‡q ZvKexi e‡j wb‡e, Zvici
Iqv wjj−vwnj nvg`|Õ wKsev cyi“l, evwo‡Z wKsev gmwR‡` i“Kz‡Z hv‡e| Avi `uvwo‡q ZvKexi
A_ev C`Mv‡n bdj bvgvh cov co‡Z co‡Z Bgvg mv‡ne‡K i“Kz‡Z
C‡`i bvgv‡hi wbqg gvKiƒn| bv cvIqvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j Zvnixgv
wbqZ: Avwg Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b m¤¢e n‡j GjvKvi mevB GK ¯’v‡b †eu‡a i“Kz‡Z P‡j hv‡e Ges i“Kzi
wKejvgyLx n‡q C`yj wdZ‡ii GK‡Î cov DËg| Z‡e K‡qK Zvmexn bv e‡j cÖ_‡g ZvKexi e‡j
`yÕivKAvZ bvgvh QqwU IqvwRe RvqMvq covI Rv‡qh| wb‡e, i“Kz‡Z ZvKexi ejvi mgq
ZvKex‡ii mv‡_ cowQ, Giƒc wbqZ C‡`i bvgvh bv co‡Z cvi‡j wKsev nvZ DVv‡e bv, Ges mgq †c‡j
K‡i ÔAvj−vû AvKeviÕ e‡j nvZ Zz‡j bvgvh bó n‡q †M‡j Zvi KvRv i“Kzi Zvmexn co‡e, bv †c‡j bv
Zvnixgv euva‡e| Zvici mvbv Ki‡Z n‡e bv, †h‡nZz C‡`i co‡e| Avi ZvKexi †kl Kivi
(Qzen& vbvKvj−vû¤§v...) cyiv co‡e| bvgv‡hi Rb¨ RvgvqvZ kZ©| Z‡e c~‡e©B hw` Bgvg i“Kz †_‡K gv_v
Gici AvDhywej−vn Ges wemwgj−vn †ekwKQz †jv‡Ki C‡`i bvgvh Qz‡U Zz‡j †d‡jb Zvn‡j gyKZv`xI Zz‡j
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ZvKexi ej‡e| cÖ_g `yÕevi Kvb GKRb‡K Bgvg evwb‡q bvgvh ¶gv‡hvM¨|
ch©š— nvZ DVv‡q †Q‡o †`‡e| wKš‘ co‡Z cvi‡eb|
Z…Zxqevi e‡j nvZ †eu‡a †b‡e| 1 kvIqv‡ji wØcÖn‡ii c~‡e© †kl K_v
cÖ‡Z¨K ZvKex‡ii ci 3evi kixqZm¤§Z †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y C‡`i C` gv‡b Lywk Zv wVK| Zvi gv‡b G
myenvbvj−vn ejv hvq cwigvY bvgvh bv co‡Z cvi‡j kvIqv‡ji 2 bq †h Lywk‡Z AvZ¥nviv ev
_vg‡e| Zvici AvDhywej−vn Ges Zvwi‡L covi AbygwZ Av‡Q| Gici AvZ¥‡fvjv n‡q hvIqv| ev¯Í‡e wKš‘
wemwgj−vn c‡o m~iv‡q dvwZnvi c‡i cov hv‡e bv| †KD Bgvg mv‡ne‡K ZvB †`Lv hvq| C‡` Lywk cÖKvk
GKUv m~iv wgjv‡e| Gici i“Kz, wØZxq ivKv‡Z †c‡j mvjv‡gi ci Ki‡Z wM‡q weag©x‡`i ms¯‹…wZ
wmR`v K‡i wØZxq ivKAv‡Zi Rb¨ hLb D³ e¨w³ Qz‡U hvIqv AbymiY Kiv nq| Gi †P‡q eo
`uvov‡e| Gevi Ab¨vb¨ bvgv‡hi ivKAv‡Zi (cÖ_g ivKvZ) Rb¨ †evKvwg Avi Kx n‡Z cv‡i| Pig
g‡Zv wemwgj−vni c‡i m~iv dvwZnv `uvov‡e ZLb cÖ_‡g Qvbv j¾vRbK ˆewK| G ai‡bi AvPi‡Y
c‡o Av‡iKUv m~iv wgjv‡e| Zvici (QzenvbvKvj−vû¤§v...), Zvici g‡b nq Bmjv‡g Avb›` we‡bv`b
3evi ÔAvj−vû AvKeviÕ ejvi gva¨‡g AvDhywej−vn Ges wemwgj−vn c‡o
wZbUv ZvKexi m¤cbœ Ki‡e| ej‡Z †Kv‡bv cÖwµqvB †bB| Avm‡j
dv‡Znv I wK¡iv‡Zi ci i“Kzi c~‡e© wK ZvB! Bmjvg kvwš—i weavb|
GLv‡b cÖwZ ZvKex‡ii ci nvZ ZvKexi ej‡e| dvwZnvi Av‡M bq|
†Q‡o w`‡e| PZz_©evi ÔAvj−vû D”Q…•LjZv, †envqvcbv‡K Bmjvg
Bgvg ZvKexi fz‡j †M‡j i“Kz‡Z
AvKeviÕ e‡j nvZ bv †eu‡a i“Kz‡Z †Kv‡bvµ‡gB cÖkqª †`q bv| hviv
wM‡q ej‡e, i“Kz †Q‡o `uvov‡e bv|
P‡j hv‡e| Gici wmR`v Ges AwZ Drmvnx Bmjv‡gi gg© ey‡S bv
Z‡e i“Kz †Q‡o `uvwo‡q ZvKexi e‡j
Av‡Lix ˆeVK K‡i h_vixwZ mvjvg e‡j G ai‡bi †evKvwg Zv‡`i ØvivB
Avevi i“Kz‡Z †M‡jI bvgvh bó n‡e
wdwi‡q bvgvh †kl Ki‡e| m¤¢e| ivgvhvb gv‡m 5 Iqv³
bv| †ewk †jvK nIqvi Kvi‡Y
bvgvh, †ivhv, Zvivexn Ges
mûwmR`vnI w`‡Z n‡e bv|
C`yj wdZi m¤cK©xq gvmv‡qj †Kv‡bv †jvK hw` Bgvg mv‡ne‡K Zvmexn-Zvnjx‡j hv‡`i‡K †`Lv
Bgvg mv‡ne Rygvi g‡Zv `ywU LyZev ZvKexi †kl nIqvi c‡i cvq †m †hZ wfbœ AvK…wZ‡Z, C‡`i c‡i
†`‡eb| Z‡e Rygvi LyZev †`Iqv ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv †eu‡a cÖ_‡g Zv‡`i †`Lv hvq m¤c~Y© wecixZ|

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†ivwn½v gymwjg mgm¨v: wek¦we‡e‡Ki wbieZv

AvwZKzi ingvb bMix
c„w_exi ey‡K GKwU mf¨RvwZ AvaywbK `ywbqvq emwbqv-†PPwbqv- Kg©KZ©v‡`i D×…wZ w`‡q GGdwc
wn‡m‡e `vwe K‡i Ges GKwU wRswRqvs I wg›`vbvI‡qi ci Rvbvq, GB `v½vq Aš—Z 30 nvRvi
mf¨hy‡M evm K‡iI Avgiv KZUv Kvwk¥i-¸RivU-Avmvg, wdwjw¯Íb- gvbyl DØv¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Ges
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wkï‡`i †h fv‡e wbh©vZb K‡i gviv gymwjg wbabhÁ| wkwe‡i Aš—Z 31,900 Rb Avkªq
nq Zv †h †Kvb mvgvb¨ we‡eKevb GKwU KzKiz bv †L‡q gviv †M‡j †h wb‡q‡Q| wgqvbgv‡ii ¯’vbxq
gvbylI Zv mn¨ Ki‡Z Kó n‡e| mf¨ `ywbqvq †Pv‡Li cvwbi †mªvZ m~θ‡jv `vwe Ki‡Q, †eŠ× ag©vej¤^x
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I wkï‡`i wbh©vZb Ae‡jvKb K‡i †KvwU †KvwU Wjv‡ii dvÛ Abvqv‡m mxgvš—i¶x evwnbx bvmvKv, cywjk I
Avb‡›` †g‡Z D‡V| G me wkï‡`i msM…nxZ nq, wgqvbgv‡i gv‡mi ci Ôjyw›UbÕ evwnbx GB nZ¨vKvÊ I
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mgv‡Ri gvbyl KíbvI Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv mvov c‡o bv| †Kv‡bv G‡`i AwaKvskB †ivwn½v| Gw`‡K
cv‡ibv| Ggb A‡bK Rbc` cyi“l Kyjv½vi Bmjv‡gi bex ev ag©‡K wbR †`‡kB Pig wbcxo‡bi wkKvi
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gvbeZv! †ivwn½viv eZ©gvb we‡k¦i †e`bvq mge¨_x e¨w³ ev †`‡ki evsjv‡`‡k cÖ‡e‡ki †Póv Ki‡jI
me‡P‡q wbh©vwZZ Rb‡Mvôx| Afve nq bv| e¨_© n‡”Qb Zviv| eyKdvUv Kvbœv
c…w_exi gvbwP‡Î †PvL †i‡L †h ïay ZvB bq, BwZnvm mvw¶ †h, Gi Avi g…Z¨y ‡K †g‡b wb‡q Avevi
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†Kv_vI Lye weij bq| eZ©gvb 2012 mv‡ji 14 Ryb iqUvm© Rvbvq, †ivwn½v‡`i| A‡b‡K Avevi Rxeb
`ywbqvi me‡P ¯^íg~j¨ wRwbm¸‡jvi IB w`b eyaevi iv‡ZI evsjv‡`k euvPv‡Z †bŠKvq K‡i b`x‡Z _vKvi
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wbh©vwZZ bq| RM‡Zi me‡P eo `v½vq Aš—Z 1,600 Nievwo R¡vwj‡q msL¨vjNy n‡”Q †ivwn½v gymwjgiv|
wbM…wnZ RvwZi bvg gymwjg| †`qv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K miKvwi [m~Î: Avgvi †`k, 15 RybÕ12]

RyjvBÕ15 7
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GeviI PjwZ eQ‡ii 21 gvP© Avevi Kviv GB †ivwn½v? eZ©gvb wgqvbgv‡ii †ivwns
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kn‡i †eŠ× I gymwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi wgqvbgv‡ii AvivKvb iv‡R¨i GKwU Rb‡Mvôxi emevm| BwZnvm I
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bvgvh bvgv‡h `uvov‡bv Ges wmR`vq m¶g e¨w³i Rb¨ bvgv‡h

wKqvg dih I bvgv‡hi i“Kb| wKqvg I wmR`vq m¶g
nIqv m‡Ë¡I dih bvgvh e‡m Av`vq Kiv n‡j i“Kb
[`viæj Djyg †`Ie‡›`i GKwU d‡Zvqv]
Av`vq bv nIqvq bvgvh Av`vq n‡e bv| bvgvh cybivq
Abyev`: mvjxg gvn`x Av`vq Kiv Ri“wi|
!
(1)
mgm¨v: Avgv‡`i kn‡ii gvmwR`¸‡jv‡Z AcivM e¨w³
(†hgbÑ cv‡q AvNvZcÖvß, nuvUz ev †Kvg‡i e¨_v A_ev GgbwK bvgv‡h wKQz¶Y `uvov‡Z m¶g cy‡ivcywi bq
`uvov‡Z m¶g bq ev Rwg‡b wmR`v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv ZLbI hZ¶Y `uvov‡Z m¶g ZZ¶Y `uvo‡bv dih,
A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb AciMZv hvi Kvi‡Y `uvwo‡q bvgvh †Kvb jvwV ev †`Iqv‡j †Vm jvwM‡q n‡jI| AZ¶Y
Av`vq Kiv Am¤¢e|) G‡`i Rb¨ gmwR‡`i Dfqcv‡k¦© mgq ¯^vfvweKfv‡e ev †Vm jvwM‡q bv `uvovq Ges e‡m
†Pqvi ivLv nq| †hb AcivM e¨w³iv bvgvh co‡Z bvgvh m¤ú~Y© K‡i bvgvh ï× n‡e bv|
cv‡i| †Zgwb Avgv‡`i gmwR‡`I AcivM e¨w³‡`i ' " # $ % & (' ) *' +,- ./ 0# 12
Rb¨ GK we‡kl wWRvB‡bi †Pqv‡ii e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q| .4 ,1@ ,;<=>: 934+5 & 678 0# 07 0/
†KD †KD ej‡Q †h, Ggb †Pqv‡i bvgvh cov weï× n‡e
bv| GLb Avgvi Rvbvi welq nj GB: we‡kl wWRvB‡bi
(2)
!A+ / C-
B .

RyjvBÕ15 15
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
†Kvb e¨w³ `uvov‡Z m¶g wKš‘ `uvwo‡q bvgvh co‡j hw` i“Kz-wmR`vq A¶g nq Ges Rwg‡b e‡m Bkviv Øviv
i“Kz-wmR`v ev †Kej wmR`v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Zvi Rb¨ bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z m¶g nq, ZLb Zvkvnû‡`i
e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh| IB e¨w³ Bkviv Øviv ˆeV‡Ki b¨vq emv Ri“wi bq; eis †hfv‡eB †m m¶g I
i“Kz-wmR`v Av`vq Ki‡e| GB Ae¯’vq `uvwo‡q bvgvh Zvi Rb¨ mnR nq (†hgbÑ gwnjv‡`i ˆeV‡Ki b¨vq
Av`vq Kiv †_‡K e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv DËg| emv, ev PviRvby n‡q emv BZ¨vw` ) †mfv‡eB †m e‡m
J ,H I =.5 A/ E' F G =.5 D =, .5 12 Bkviv Øviv bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e| †Pqv‡i em‡e bv|
†Kbbv kixAZ Ggb AcviM‡`i‡K Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh
! O ;P Q L2 AM -, 6, NI ,1@ , '0 # K &
)
Av`vq Kivi c~Y© AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q| Zviv †hfv‡eB m¤¢e
(3
e‡m bvgvh co‡e|
†h AciMZv bvgv‡h `uvov‡bv‡K (wKqvg) iwnZ K‡i Zv 0^ & !!! 5 7` H ] & !!! >: =, .5
`yB cÖKvi: 1.nvKxKx Z_v gymj−xi Rb¨ `uvov‡bv †gv‡UI (5)
!_ d p I '0 # , M '070d e' : &
m¤¢e bq| 2. ûKgx Z_v Ggb AcviM bq †h G‡Kev‡i
`uvov‡ZB cvi‡Q bv, eis `uvov‡Z cv‡i; Z‡e `uvov‡j GB Ae¯’vq †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv K‡qK Kvi‡Y
c‡o hvIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q ev `ye©j Ae¯’v hv kixqZ gvK&i“n:
IRi-AciMZv wnmv‡e †g‡b †bq, †hgb Amy¯’ ew³ 1. Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh cov mybvœ Z| Zvi Ici mvnvev‡q
Ges gymwjg we‡klÁ Wv³vi Zv‡K e‡j‡Q `uvov‡j wKivg  Ges cieZ©x mvj‡d mvwjnx‡bi Avgj
Amy¯’Zv evo‡e ev my¯’ n‡Z †`ix n‡e A_ev `uvov‡j wQj| beŸB `k‡Ki c~‡e© †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`v‡qi
Am¤¢e e¨_v Abyf~Z nq| Gme Ae¯’vq e‡m bvgvh cÖ_v wQj bv| Lvqi“j Kzi“b ev DËg kZvãx Z_v
Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh| mvnvex, Zv‡eqx Ges Z‡e Zv‡eqx GB wZb hy‡M Zvi
!B T / U 7, 1& V0% , SR % >: =, .5 †Kvb `„óvš—I cvIqv hvq bv|
2. cÖ‡qvRb Qvov †Pqvi e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y KvZv‡i A‡bK
& ,$ X # Y U/ S, U: =.,- =.,- / & : U4 mgm¨v m„wó nq| A_P KvZvi wgwj‡q ivLvi ¸i“Z¡
; 4E 4]2 & 6 / X 6/ -/ NZ ) ; [ \& H ] 1K/ S>+% m¤ú©‡K A‡bK nv`xm G‡m‡Q|
R
c+ uM M t :r # s q r X ,f / DO&
0^ & X& 1 & / / _$/ & 5 7` B 0 2 ab % c
y @ x2 V0 / wuO \=, ,a N @ / b% vN / / #
! '0 # , M '070d e' : &
(4)
!|H=U: z, KI p(, A ] A]07 1 { j,
(6)
hw` e¨_v A¯^vwfK bv n‡q eis mvgvb¨ Ges mn¨bxq nq
Zvn‡j GUv kixA‡Z Ihi-AcivMZv ejv hv‡e bv| GB 1. cÖ‡qvRb Qvov gvmwR‡` †Pqvi wb‡q hvIqv wea©gx‡`i
Ae¯’vq e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv bv-Rv‡qh| mv‡_ mv`„k¨ nq| `xbx wel‡q wea©gx‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨
kixA‡Z wbwl×|
` P J 6 , j k O U 7 + { Ib e/ \&{ f =I +5 g 12
2. bvgv‡h bgªZv I webq cÖavb j¶¨| cÖ‡qvRb Qvov
! fbl 5 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi †P‡q Rwg‡b e‡m
†h e¨w³ `uvov‡Z A¶g Z‡e Rwg‡b e‡m wmR`v K‡i Av`vq Kivi g‡a¨ ÔbgªZv I webqÕ Lye fv‡jvfv‡e
bvgvh Av`v‡q m¶g, Zv‡K Rwg‡b e‡m wmR`vi mv‡_ cvIqv hvq|
3. bvgv‡h Rwg‡bi wbKUeZ©x nIqv GKwU D‡Ïk¨, hv
bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| gvwU‡Z wmR`v bv K‡i Rwgb
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq
ev †Pqv‡i e‡m Bkviv Øviv wmR`v Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh
bv| nu¨v, Rwg‡b †h †Kvbfv‡e e‡m bvgvh Av`v‡q
bq|
A¶g n‡q †M‡j Ri“i‡Zi wfwˇZ †Pqv‡i e‡m
'0: # 6/ -+>:: m:(7 O, n ; . 0# " 12 bvgvh cov †h‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ Rwg‡b i“Kz-wmR`v
!f b 3[ 7"P J X, k I / K‡i bvgvh Av`v‡q m¶g nIqv m‡Ë¡I †Pqv‡i e‡m
bvgvh Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv|
RyjvBÕ15 16
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
†gvUK_v Ri“i‡Zi wfwˇZ †h Ae¯’vq †Pqv‡i bvgv‡hi wKš‘ bex Kixg  Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvnvev‡q wKivg 
AbygwZ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †m Ae¯’vq gymj−x wmR`vi mgq wb‡la Kivi Kvi‡Y AbyËg †evSv hvq| Ab¨ Av‡iKwU
Bkvivi Ici h‡_ó Ki‡e| AwZwi³ †Kvb e¯‘ ev g›` w`K n‡jv hviv †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq K‡i A_P
†Pqv‡ii †Kvb cvqvi g‡a¨ wmR`v Ki‡e bv| AcivM †Uwe‡j wmR`v K‡i bv Zv‡`i g‡b wb‡R‡`i bvgv‡hi
Ae¯’vq †Kvb DuPz e¯‘‡Z wmR`v m¤ú©‡K wfbœ wfbœ nv`xm e¨vcv‡i µzwUi m‡›`n m„wó n‡e; ÔAvgviv †Uwe‡j wmR`v
eYx©Z Av‡Q| †hgbÑ GKw`b bex Kvixg  GK i“M&Y
Kwiwb|Õ nvKxgyj D¤§Z nhiZ _vbfxI  Zv‡K
mvnvex‡K †`Lvi Rb¨ Zvkixd wb‡jb| IB mvnvex
AcviMZvi Ki‡Y GKwU evwj‡m wmR`v Ki‡Zv| AbyËg e‡j‡Qb| wmR`vi Rb¨ evwjm BZ¨w` †Kvb DuPz
ivmyjyj−vn  Zv‡K wb‡la Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb, hw` wRwbm †i‡L †`qv Ges Zvi Ici wmR`v Kiv AbyËg|
Rwg‡b wmR`v Ki‡Z Zzwg AcviM nI ZLb Zzwg Bkviv hLb wmR`vi kw³ bv _v‡K ZLb ïay Bkviv Ki‡e|
K‡i bvgvh Av`vq Ki Ges wmR`vq i“Kz A‡c¶v †ewk evwj‡mi Ici wmR`v Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| [†e‡nk&Zx
†RIqvi, 2/45, Amy¯’‡`i eY©bv]
Szu‡Kv| [Bgvg evh&hvi  nv`xmwU eY©bv K‡ib, Zvi eY©bvKvix mnxn,
BÔjvDm& mybvb : 7/178]
Ab¨ GKwU nv`x‡m Av‡Q, D¤§yj gywgwbb nhiZ D‡¤§ Dˇii mvi-ms‡¶c
mvjgv  Amy¯’ Ae¯’vq GKwU evwjm mvg‡b †i‡L Zvi 1. †h e¨w³ `uvov‡Z A¶g Z‡e †m †h †Kvbfv‡e e‡m
Ici wmR`v Ki‡Zb| ivmyjyj−vn  Zv †`‡LI wb‡la i“Kz-wmR`v Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ Rwg‡b e‡m i“Kz-
Ki‡jb bv| ivmyjyj−vn  †Kvb KvR †`‡L Pzc _vKv wmR`vi mv‡_ bvgvh Av`vq Kiv Ri“ix| †Pqv‡i
Zuvi m¤§wZ I AbygwZi `jxj| Avj−vgv kvgx  Dfq e‡m Bkviv Øviv i“Kz-wmR`v K‡i bvgvh Av`vq Kiv
nv`xm‡K Gfv‡e mgš^q K‡ib †h, bvgv‡hi ga¨Lv‡b bv Rv‡qh eis †KD Bkviv Øviv Gfv‡e bvgvh Av`vq
†Kvb e¯‘ DwV‡q wmR`v Kiv gvK&i“n| c~e© †_‡K Rwg‡b Ki‡j bvgv‡hB n‡e bv|
†Kvb e¯‘ ¯’vcb Kiv _vK‡j bvgvwh Zvi Ici wmR`v 2. †h e¨w³ `uvov‡Z m¶g Z‡e †Kvgi ev nuvUz‡Z AZ¨š—
Kiv webv-KvivnvZ Rv‡qh| e¨_vi Kvi‡Y i“Kz-wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g Ges †h e¨w³
, : 0 7 *' d v^ L2 ) A > } 1 I b2 ) rB > ~ =< : r # & Rwg‡b em‡Z m¶g Z‡e i“Ky-wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g,
,1n: {: {:X& 0./ r # { ! @ ' • 1 I b2 HQ€/
Zviv Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e; †Pqvi e¨envi
Kiv Zv‡`i Rb¨ gvKi“n| n¨uv, hw` Rwg‡b †h
: k • >:: 6::< + 0:: rJ0-::XJ 6 / >:: V=::< :u †Kvbfv‡e e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv Kó`vqK nq
(7)
!•u5 >: @ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î
Avj−vgv kvj&exI  cÖ_g Ae¯’v‡K gvK&i“n e‡j‡Qb| mv`v-guvv †Pqvi e¨envi Kiv DwPr Ges †Uwej wewkó
[nvwkqv‡q kvj&ex AvjvZ& Zveqxb : 1/200] d‡Zvqv‡q AvjgMxixi
†Pqv‡i bvgvh Av`vq Kiv AbywPr| i“Kzi Rb¨ wZb
g‡a¨I Gfv‡e mgš^q Kiv n‡q‡Q| [d‡Zvqv‡q wnw›`qv : bv¤^vi AvK„wZ weï× [GwU ïay cÖkK
œ vixi Rb¨]
1/136]
Dwj−wLZ Av‡jvPbvi mvivsk n‡jv: c~e© †_‡K ¯’vwcZ j¶Yxq `ywU welq:
†Kvb e¯‘i Ici wmR`v Kiv ev Bkviv K‡i wmR`v Kiv [Rwg‡b ev †Pqv‡i bvgvh Av`vqKvixi m¤ú©‡K `ywU welq
DfqwU Rv‡qh| wKš‘ Dwj−wLZ †Uwej wewkó †Pqv‡i j¶Yxq]
wmR`v Kiv ev¯—e wmR`v cwiMwYZ n‡e bv| eis ZvI 1. wKQz †jvK †Pqv‡i e‡m Bkvivq bvgvh covi mgq
Bkviv `Z©e¨ n‡e| ZvB IB †Pqv‡i e‡m †KD bvgvh i“Kz Ae¯’vq nvZ iv‡bi Ici iv‡L Avi wmR`v
cov‡j Zvi wcQ‡b i“Kz-wmR`v K‡i bvgvh Ae¯’vq Lvwj RvqMvq Szwj‡q iv‡L| Ggb Kiv `jxj
Av`vqKvix‡`i bvgvh Qnxn n‡e bv| Avj−vgv kvgx  Øviv cÖgvYxZ bq| i“Kz Ges wmR`v Dfq Ae¯’vq
wj‡Lb, nvZ‡K iv‡bi Ici ivLv DwPZ|
"7 c: , Q' „ , UI ‚(7 , ƒ k • >: 1 I 12 2. AcviM Ae¯’vq Rwg‡b e‡m i“Kz-wmR`vi mv‡_
.' I 1 + ,S† % B X v …-N4 & 6N4 0# ) u5 bvgvh Av`vq Kivi mgq i“Kz‡Z wbZ¤^`q Rwgb
†_‡K D‡Ëvjb Kiv Ri“ix bq| eis Kcvj nuvUz ch©š—
(8)
/ c _ 0-# ‚(7 O, 2 ‡,) -% '* J, '0^ X SzuKv‡bv Ri“wi| GgbwUB i‡q‡Q Gg`v`yj AvnKv‡g;
RyjvBÕ15 17
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
Ôemv Ae¯’vq i“Kz‡Z ïay GZUzKz Ri“wi †h Kcvj
nuvUz ch©š— SzuKv‡e| Gi †P‡q †ewk SzKu v‡bv I
wbZ¤^`q DVv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| [Bg`v`yj AvnKvg :
k‡ãi cUf‚wg
1/609] †gvt mvC`yj †gv¯—dv
evsjv fvlvi wewfbœ kã I evMavivi i‡q‡Q DrcwËMZ
we‡kl Aby‡iva
cUf‚wg| wKQz kã wbR¯^ †cÖ¶vcU nvwi‡q VvB wb‡q‡Q
†Pqv‡i bvgvh Av`vqKvix gymvj−x fvB‡`i DwPZ, wb‡Ri
Ae¯’v m¤ú©‡K wPš—v-fvebv Kiv| ev¯—‡e †m wK IB ¯— Awfav‡bi cvZvq, wKQz kã Kv‡ji in‡m¨ MÖnY K‡i‡Q
‡ii AcviM hv‡K kixAZ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq m¤ú~Y© bZzb †Lvjm| k㸇jvi cUf‚wg Rvbv _vK‡j
Kivi AbygwZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| hw` GB ¯—‡ii bv n‡q evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Awj-Mwj A‡bKUvB †Pbv n‡q hv‡e|
_v‡K Zvn‡j †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv †_‡K weiZ MÇvwjKv cÖevn
_vK‡e| †hb webv cÖ‡qvR‡b gmwR‡` †Pqv‡ii AvwaK¨ MÇj k‡ãi A_© †fov| ÔMÇjÕ †_‡K ÔMvojÕ kã I
bv nq| Avi cÖ‡qvR‡b †Pqvi e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡jI Ô†fovÕ †_‡K Ô†fo–qvÕ k‡ãi DrcwË| kã `y‡Uvi
†Uwej wewkwó †Pqvi MÖnY Ki‡e bv| †Kv‡bvUviB A_©B fv‡jv bq| MÇwjKv kãwUI G‡m‡Q
MÇj †_‡K| kãwUi A_© n‡jv †fovi cv‡ji †bZ…Z¡
d‡Zvqvq ¯^v¶iKvix gydZx mv‡nevb †`qv ¯¿x †fov| ZvB ÔMÇwjKvcÖevnÕ k‡ãiI cÖv_wgK
1. gydZx nvexeyi ingvb Lqivev`x A_© wQ‡jv ¯¿x †fovi wcQz wcQz Pjv †fovi cvj| eZ©gv‡b
cÖavb gydZx, `vi“j Djyg †`Ie›` wb‡R wePvi-we‡ePbv bv K‡i AÜ I Mvo‡ji g‡Zv
2. gydZx dLi“j Bmjvg Ab¨‡K AbymiY Kiv‡K MÇwjKvcÖev‡n Mv fvmv‡bv e‡j
`vi“j Djyg †`Ie›` I AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
3. gydZx gvngy`yj nvmvb Kz‡cvKvZ
`vi“j Djyg †`Ie›` Kz‡cvKvZ k‡ãi e¨envwiK A_© wPZcvZ, civwRZ,
ch©`y¯— Kiv| Avgiv KvD‡K Kz‡cvKvZ Kwi Avevi
d‡Zvqv wj‡L‡Qb KL‡bv wb‡RivI Kz‡cvKvZ nB| G k‡ãi g‡a¨ wKš‘
gydZx hvqbyj Bmjvg Kv‡mgx Bjvnev`x e¨‡½i fve Av‡Q|
mnKvix gydZx, d‡Zvqv wefvM, `vi“j Djyg †`Ie›` Kz‡cvKvZ kãUv‡K wVKg‡Zv eyS‡Z n‡j GKwU `„‡k¨i
K_v fve‡Z n‡e| ivbœvN‡i GKUv †Z‡ji Kz‡cv KvZ
Abyev`: mvjxg gvn`x, dvwh‡j Rvwgqv Bmjvwgqv cwUqv, n‡q c‡o Av‡Q Ges †mB Kz‡cv †_‡K †Zj Mwo‡q
PÆMÖvg co‡Q- GUvB n‡jv g~j Kz‡cvKvZ `„k¨ Ges GB `„k¨
†_‡KB Kz‡cvKvZ k‡ãi DrcwË| D‡j−L¨, Kz‡cv n‡”Q
1
AvZ-ZzgyiZvkx, ZvbIqxiæj Avemvi Iqv RvwgÕDj wenvi; †cU‡gvUv mi“ Mjv wewkó eo ˆZjcvÎ|
Avj-nvmKdx, Av`-`yi&wij gyLZvi kiû ZvbIqxwij Avemvi,
`viæj wdKi (1412 wn. = 1992 wLª.), eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 1, IZcvZv
c„. 444Ñ445 Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ wKsev Kv‡ivI †Mvcb Kvh©Kjvc AK¯§vr
2
AvZ-ZzgyiZvkx I Avj-nvmKdx, cÖv¸³, L. 2, c„. 97
3
AvZ-ZzgyiZvkx I Avj-nvmKdx, cÖv¸³; Be‡b Avwe`xb, iÏyj a‡i †djvi Rb¨ mZK©fv‡e cÖZx¶v Kivi e¨vcviwU‡K
gynZvi Avjv Av`-`yi&wij gyLZvi, `viæj wdKi (1412 wn. = Avgiv IZ cvZv ev IZ †c‡Z _vKv evMavivq cÖKvk
4
1992 wLª.), eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 2, c„. 97Ñ98 K‡i _vwK| wkKv‡ii Rb¨ IZ †c‡Z _vKvi KvRwU
AvZ-ZzgyiZvkx, Avj-nvmKdx I Be‡b Avwe`xb, cÖv¸³, L. 2, gvbylI †hgb K‡i, †Zgwb wewfbœ cÖvYxI K‡i|
c„. 95Ñ96
5
AvZ-ZzgyiZvkx, cÖv¸³, L. 2, c„. 95Ñ97 weovj wKfv‡e B`yi aivi Rb¨ IZ †c‡Z _v‡K †m `„k¨
6
Ave~ `vE`, Avm-mybvb, Avj-gvKZvevZzj Avmwiqv, eqiæZ, Avgv‡`i A‡Pbv bq| IZ cvZv K_vwU G‡m‡Q ms¯‹…Z
†jebvb, L. 1, c„. 179, nv`xm : 667 IZzer †_‡K| IZzer kãwUi A_© nj IZzi g‡Zv|
7
Be‡b Avwe`xb, cÖv¸³, L. 2, c„. 98
8
Be‡b Avwe`xb, cÖv¸³, L. 2, c„. 99 ms¯‹…Z GB ÔIZzÕi A_© nj weovj|

RyjvBÕ15 18
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b

ivm~jyj−vn (mv.) wK ÔMv‡qeÕ Rv‡bb?

gvIjvbv W. Avng` Avjx
c~e©cÖKvwk‡Zi ci ivm~jyj−vn (mv.) Avgv‡`i wbKU Avj−vni Kmg! Gici Avwg Avi
mvBwq`ybv ÔAve`yj−vn Beb gvmÔD` Avm‡jb| G mgq Avwg ejjvg, Kv‡iv cweÎZvi K_v ewjwb|Õ2
I mvn&j Beb mvÔ` (ivwh.) cÖgyL &'( )* +, ,./ 0 &'( 1 23 ivm~jyj−vn (mv.)-Gi
†_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~jyj−vn (mv.) e‡jb, 1 45 " Mvqex ÔBj‡gi c‡¶
nvk‡ii gq`v‡b Avwg Avgvi
D¤§Z‡K †cqvjv f‡i f‡i nvI‡h Aveym mvÕwqe (Dmgvb Beby `jxj I ch©v‡jvPbv
gvhÔDb)! Avj−vn Avcbvi cÖwZ huviv g‡b K‡ib †h, ivm~jyjv− n (mv.)
KImv‡ii cvwb cvwb Kiv‡ev|
ivngZ Ki“b! Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h,ÔAvwjgyj Mvqe, A`„k¨ RMZ m¤ú‡K©
†jv‡Kiv GKw`K †_‡K Avm‡Z
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Avcbv‡K m¤§vwbZ c~Y© AeMZ, ZuvivI KziAvb I nv`xm
_vK‡e I cvwb cvb K‡i cwiZ…ß
†_‡K wKQz `jxj †ck K‡i _v‡Kb|
n‡q Aci w`‡K m‡i †h‡Z _vK‡e| K‡i‡Qb|Õ
wb‡gœ Avgiv Zuv‡`i wKQz `jxj
G mgq Avgvi D¤§‡Zi wKQz †jvK GK_v ï‡b ivm~jjy v− n (mv.) ej‡jb,
Dc¯’vcb KiwQ Ges mv‡_ Zv‡`i
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M'( :d( :Pa 7 “ ( B45‚8 Zzjbvq Zuvi Mvq‡ei Ávb A‡bK C &,H z P&N‡ ' 8 ž C &P H 7
AwaK I cwic~Y©| wZwb Ávb I K‡g©
M'( 6 .E99 ƒ! uK 84\• 9 G 9H cwic~Y© Ges m¤§vb I gh©v`vq mKj TŸ 2&Ka 45U9 & 1 M+ '(
6 9 &• /gD9 &• '; 5 )>8 9 ” _ ;
J5 m„wói †bZv|17 .&N M' 8 :Pa 7 * "[( KS[
wewkó gynvwÏm †gvj−v ÔAvjx Avj-
2— – •& 6; M'(9 6 '( G |4A Kvix (in.) KziAvb I ivm~jj y v− n ÔMvqex welq¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Avj−vn
(mv.)-Gi Rxe‡bi wewfbœ `„
ó vš— ZvÔAvjv bexMY‡K hv mg‡q mg‡q
• 1 M'( 7 Q+a& |4K Q 9 ,? ˜O 9
€L
Rvbv‡Zb, Zv Qvov Gi evB‡i Zuviv
D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb,
RyjvBÕ15 22
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
Avi wKQz Rv‡bb bv| bex (mv.) AZGe, Anx ev Bjnv‡gi m~‡Î cÖvß
7
Mvqe Rv‡bb G AvKx`v †cvlY Kivi Ávb I wb‡`©kbv¸‡jvi Ici wfwË (K) Be‡b Avey nvwZg Avi-ivhx,
Kvi‡Y Kvwdi n‡q hvevi K_v K‡i Mvq‡ei me© wel‡q Zuvi mvgwMÖK Zvdmxiæj KziAvwbj Avhxg, gvKZvevZz
wbhvi gy¯Ívdv Avj-evh, g°v gyKvi&igv,
nvbvdxMY my&¯úófv‡e D‡j−L I cy•Lvbyc•y L Ávb i‡q‡Q e‡j `vwe myDw` Avie (wØZxq ms¯‹iY: 1419 wn.
K‡i‡Qb|Õ21 Kiv DwPZ bq| G cÖKv‡ii Hkx = 1998 wLª.), L. 10, c„. 3378,
Dchy©³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K G K_v wb‡`©kbvi Rb¨ kvixÔAvZ Anx, nv`xm: 19009; (L) Be‡b Rixi AvZ-
Bjnvg, ... cÖf„wZ cwifvlv wba©viY Zvevix, cÖv¸³, L. 23, c„. 353; (M)
cwi®‹vi n‡q †M‡Q †h, ivm~~jyj−vn Be‡b Kmxi, Zvdmxiæj KziAvwbj
(mv.)-Gi ÔBjgyj Mvqe msµvš— K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Avwg g‡b Kwi, Avhxg, `viæj KzZze Avj-Bjwgqv,
Dch©y³ gZwU GKvš—B cieZx© hy‡Mi Avgv‡`i Rb¨ G cwifvlv¸‡jvi eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 8, c„. 359; (N)
D™¢veb, bZzb gZ| we`ÔAvZcÖeY I e¨enviB AwaKZi wbivc` I 8
Avm-myqyZx, cÖv¸³, L. 8, c„. 309
mwVK| [mgvß] Avj-eyLvix, cÖv¸³, L. 4, c„. 106,
AwZf³ m~dxivB KziAvb I nv`x‡mi nv`xm: 3192
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv K_vi e¨vL¨v Ges 9
gymwjg, cÖv¸³, L. 4, c„. 2217, nv`xm:
wewfbœ hyw³i gva¨‡g G ÔAvKx`vwU †jLK: cÖ‡dmi I †Pqvig¨vb, BmjvwgK 24 (2891)
10
ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb| A_P KziAvb I ÷vwWR wefvM, PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vjq Avj-eyLvix, cÖv¸³, L. 1, c„. 28,
nv`xm: 86
nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv GKwU RvqMvqI 1
11
(K) AvZ-wZiwghx, Avj-RvwgÔDj
ب_©nxb I ¯úófv‡e ivm~jyj−vn (K) Avj-eyLvix, Avm-mnxn, `viæ Kexi, gy¯Ídv Avjevex A¨vÛ mÝ
ZIwKb bvRvZ, eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 8,
(mv.)-†K ÔAvwjgyj Mvqe ejv nq c„. 120, nv`xm: 6584; (L) gymwjg,
cvewjwks A¨vÛ wcÖw›Us MÖæc, nje, wgmi,
wb| c¶vš—‡i KziÔAvb I nv`x‡mi L. 5, c„. 366Ñ367, nv`xm: 3233;
Avm-mnxn, `viæ BqvnBqvwqZ Zzivm (L) Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j, cÖv¸³, L. 5,
eû RvqMvq my¯úó I ب_©nxbfv‡e Avj-Aviex, eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 4, c„. c„. 437Ñ438, nv`xm: 3484
ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvB 1800, nv`xm: 40 (2304) 12
AvZ-wZiwghx, cÖv¸³, L. 5, c„. 367,
2
n‡jb GKgvÎ ÔAvwjgyj Mvqe, wZwb (K) Avj-eyLvix, cÖv¸³, L. 5, c„. 67, nv`xm: 3234
nv`xm: 3929; (L) Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j, 13
Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j, cÖv¸³, L. 27, c„.
Qvov †KD Mvqe Rv‡bb bv| Z‡e G Avj-gymb`, gyAvm&wmmvZzi wimvjv, 171, nv`xm: 16621
K_v mwVK †h, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 45, c„. 449Ñ450, 14
Avj-Kvkx¥ix, Avj-ÔDidzk kvhx kiû
wewfbœ mgq Anxi gva¨‡g byeyIqvZ 3
nv`xm: 27457 mybvwbZ wZiwghx, `viæZ Zzivm Avj-
I wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Avj-KziAvb, m~iv Avj-wRb, Avivex, eqiæZ, †jebvb (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY:
cÖ‡qvR‡b ivm~jyj−vn (mv.)-Gi kvb I 72:25Ñ28 1425 wn. = 2004 wLª.), L. 3, c„. 408
4 15
gh©v`v Abyhvqx Zuv‡K Mvq‡ei A‡bK G Kvi‡YB nv`x‡m wReivqx‡ji g‡a¨ ÔAvhxgvev`x, ÔAvDbyj gvÔe~` kiû Avex
Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, hLb wZwb `vE`, `viæZ Zzivm Avj-Avivex,
welq AewnZ K‡i‡Qb| Gi gv‡b G ivm~jyj−vn (mv.)-†K wKqvgZ msNwUZ eqiæZ, †jebvb (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1415
bq †h, wZwb ÔAvwjgyj Mvqe, nevi wbw`©ó mgq m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám wn. = 1994 wLª.), L. 11, c„. 205
16
ÔAvj−vgyj ¸q~e; Dciš‘, wZwb KL‡bv Ki‡jb, ZLb wZwb Reve w`‡jb, Ave`yj nvB jvLbex, Avj-Avmviæj
wb‡R‡K ÔAvwjgyj MvqeÕiƒ‡c `vweI J/ 0 M'(> +a( ? ¡0 gvid‚Av wdj AvLevwij gvIh~Av,
`viæj KzZze Avj-Bjwgqv, eqiæZ,
K‡ibwb| wZwb †Kej GB `vwe ÔG wel‡q cÖkœKZ©vi †P‡q cÖkœK„Z e¨w³ †jebvb (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1405 wn. =
Ki‡Zb †h, wZwb n‡jb GKRb †ewk wKQz Rv‡bb bv|Õ (Avj-eyLvix, 1984 wLª.), c„. 38
cÖv¸³, L. 1, c„. 19, nv`xm: 50 I L. 17
Ave`yj nvB jvLbex, cÖv¸³, c„. 38
cÖZ¨vw`ó (6& ` ) ivm~j, huv‡K 6, c„. 115, nv`xm: 4777) 18
5 †gvj−v Avj-Kvix, kiûj wdKûj
Anxi gva¨‡g AMwYZ Mvq‡ei K_v (K) Be‡b Rixi AvZ-Zvevix, RvwgDj AvKei, c„. ...
evqvb dx ZvIqxwjj KziAvb, `viæ 19
Be‡b byRvBg, Avj-evniæi ivwqK kiû
Rvbv‡bv n‡qwQj| †gvU K_v, Avj−vn wnRi, Kvq‡iv, wgmi (1422 wn. =
e¨ZxZ †KD Mvqe Rv‡bb- mvgwMÖK Kvbwh` `vKvwqK, `viæj wKZve Avj-
2001 wLª.), L. 23, c„. 651Ñ652; (L) Bmjvgx, eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 3, c„. 94
A‡_© G K_v ejv mgxPxb bq| Avm-myqyZx, Av`-`yi&iæj gbm~i dxZ (Lvwbqv I Lyjvmvi m~‡Î ewY©Z)
ivm~jyj−vn (mv.) Anx, Bjnvg I ¯^cœ Zvdmxi wej-gvm~i, `viæj wdKi, 20
(K) Be‡b gvhv, Avj-gynxZzj eyinvbx
cÖf„wZi gva¨‡g †hme Mvqex wel‡qi eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 8, c„. 309 wdj wdKwnb byÕgvbx, L. 3, c„. 105; (L)
6
Avj-KziZzex, Avj-Rvwg wj-AvnKvwgj kvqLx hv`vn, gvRgvÔDj Avbûi dx
ÔBjg AR©b K‡ib Ges D¤§vZ‡K KziAvb, `viæj KzZze Avj-wgmwiqv, kiwn gyjZvKvj Aveûi, L. 1, c„. 482
Rvbvb, Zv †Kej Hkx wb‡`©kbvB; Kvq‡iv, wgmi (1384 wn. = 1964 wLª.), 21
†gvj−v Avj-Kvix, Avj-gvI`~ÔAvZ, c„.
Zv †gv‡UB Zuvi ¯^qs ÁvZ bq| L. 19, c„. 28 453Ñ454
RyjvBÕ15 23
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b

nv`xm Aa¨q‡b AvMÖnx fvB‡`i cÖwZ

gvIjvbv gvndzh Avng`
cÖK…Z A‡_© nv`x‡m beex n‡”Q †ÿ‡Î cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó Kiv wdZbvi EO% 86 P4$/ Q Q 1 +1 .
KziAv‡b Kix‡gi e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY| kvwgj| †h A‡j we`AvZ Pvjy
Avjøvn ZvAvjv cweÎ KziAv‡bi kã- Av‡Q †mLv‡b mybvœ Z Pvjy Ki‡j †mUv :S C T% ,LR" #$ A ,#$
gg© mewKQz wndvh‡Zi wh¤§v`vi| G n‡e ÔBqvnBqv‡q mybvœ nÕ ev mybvœ n WC0T V4 /1
m~Îavivq nv`x‡m beexI wKqvgZ RxweZ Kiv| Avi cÖPwjZ mybvœ ‡Zi Ôivm~j (mv.) G D¤§vn‡K wb‡q Rxeb
ch©šÍ fve I g‡g©i we‡ePbvq wecix‡Z Av‡iK mybœvZ Pvjy Kiv AwZevwnZ K‡i‡Qb| wRnv‡`i R‡b¨
msiwÿZ _vK‡e| G‡Z m‡›`‡ni †Kv‡bv Ae¯’vq BqvnBqv‡q mybvœ ‡Zi
wZwb evwnbx cvVv‡Zb, wb‡RI †ei
†Kv‡bv AeKvk †bB| hy‡M hy‡M AvIZvq c‡o bv, eis †mUv n‡”Q
n‡Zb| wKš‘ Zuvi RxeÏkvq †Zgb
Avjøvni wcÖq ev›`vMY GB msiÿY ÔBeZvjym mybvœ n wem mybœvnÕ Z_v GK
†ewk †`k wewRZ nqwb| Zuvi c‡i
K‡g© Rxeb DrmM© K‡i‡Qb| e¨vL¨v- mybœvn‡K Ab¨ mybvœ ni gyKv‡ejvq `uvo
nhiZ Avey eKi (ivwh.) Ljxdv
we‡kølY, cÖPvi-cÖmvi me©‡ÿ‡Î Kiv‡bv| hv GKwU Mwn©Z KvR Ges
wbe©vwPZ nb ZLbI wewRZ A‡ji
Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| †m mKj gnvb wek„•Ljv m„wói KviY|
msL¨v Kg wQj| Zuvi ci nhiZ
gbxlx‡K `xbx cwifvlvq gynvwÏm I GLv‡b G cÖm‡½ `ywU NUbv D‡jøL
dKxn ejv nq| gynvwÏmMY kã I Kiv hvq: Dgvi Bebyj LvËve (ivwh.)-Gi
m~Î Avi dKxnMY gg© I wkÿv wb‡q 1. Bgvg gvwjK (in.) †_‡K wLjvdvZKv‡j eû †`k wewRZ nq|
KvR K‡i‡Qb| G QvovI me© hy‡M GKvwaK m~‡Î ewY©Z †h, wZwb hLb Avi ZLb †mme A‡ji
mvaviY gymjgvbMY nv`xm Aa¨q‡b gyIqvËv msKjb Ki‡jb ZLb Awaevmx‡`i `xbx ZvÕjx‡gi R‡b¨
h‡_ó Drmvnx I hZœevb wQ‡jb| mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K gyAvwjøg I
Ljxdv gvbmyi (†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv eY©bv
Avj-nvg`y wjjøvn! Avgv‡`i mvwe©K g‡Z Ab¨ Ljxdv) Avih Ki‡jb, wkÿK wn‡m‡e cvVv‡bv Qvov †Kv‡bv
AatcZ‡bi GB hy‡MI Avjøvni Avcwb AbygwZ w`‡j Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K weKí wQj bv| myZivs cÖ‡Z¨K
A‡bK wcÖq ev›`v nv`xm Aa¨q‡b †`‡ki Mf©b‡ii wbKU G g‡g© wj‡L A‡ji gymjgvbMY ¯^xq gyAvwjøg
†ek AvMÖnx Ges mva¨gZ mivmwi cvVve †h, mevB †hb G wKZv‡ei mvnvex †_‡K hv ï‡b‡Qb, wk‡L‡Qb
nv`xm (Abyev`) cvV K‡i wb‡Ri nv`xm Abyhvqx Avgj K‡ib Ges Zvi IciB Avgj Ki‡Z jvM‡jb|
Rxe‡b ev¯Íevq‡bi †Póv Ki‡Qb| wePviKvh© m¤úv`b K‡ib| Bgvg GB wbqgB cieZ©x‡Z Ae¨vnZ wQj|
wKš‘ mswkøó wel‡qi ¯^xK…Z wKQz gvwjK (in.) ej‡jb, AZGe GLb hw` Avcwb †jvK‡`i
bxwZgvjv AbymiY bv Kivq Avgv‡`i , wbR A‡ji Avgj Qvov ARvbv
†me eÜz wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î fzj eySveywSi bZzb †Kv‡bv Avg‡ji w`‡K AvnŸvb
wkKvi nb| AvR‡Ki G wbe‡Ü !" #$% , , K‡ib Z‡e Zviv GUv‡K Kzdwi MY¨
Avgiv nv`xm Aa¨q‡b jÿYxq ./ 0/1 2 + #3 , ( )* + ,!- , &' Ki‡e| ZvB Avcwb cÖ‡Z¨K A‡j
¸iæZ¡c~Y© K‡qKwU wewÿß welq wb‡q cÖPwjZ Bjg I Avg‡ji IciB
2 + #3 , &' !" #$% , 4 /  †jvK‡`i †Q‡o w`b| Avi GB Bjg
Av‡jvPbv Kivi cÖqvm cv‡ev
BbkvAvjøvn|1 ,) 4 86 9:!"% , 74 /  56 (gyIqvËv) wb‡Ri R‡b¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z
cv‡ib| ZLb Ljxdv ej‡jb,
45= > :?1 1 ;4/ 4< #$% ÔAvcwb `~i`k©x K_v e‡j‡Qb|ÕÕ2
GK. cÖ‡Z¨K A‡j Abym„Z
nv`xm I mybœvni Ici †jvK‡`i 6 ; / #E 6 AB CD #$% ,@5$ nvwdh Be‡b ZvBwgqv (in.) wj‡Lb,
†Q‡o †`IqvB evÂbxq G #H0I 9 J K% , #E 0 F / ÔBRwZnvw` welq wb‡q weev`-
†h A‡j †h mybœvZ Pvjy Av‡Q wemsev‡` wjß nIqvi †Kv‡bv
†mLv‡b Zvi Ici Avgj Kivi , ; " L J 1M 0% N F 0% AeKvk †bB| †h A‡j †h mybœvZ
RyjvBÕ15 24
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
Pvjy Av‡Q †mLv‡b †mfv‡eB Pj‡Z knx` (in.)-Gi e³e¨ wQj, g„Z bvwmL-gvbmyL wbY©‡qi wbqg Kvh©Ki
†`Iqv DwPZ| wfbœ †Kv‡bv mybœvZ mybœvZ RxweZ Kivi mIqve A‡bK Ki‡Z n‡e| ZviRxn ev AMÖMY¨
Pvjy Kiv wdZbv m„wó Kivi kvwgj| †ewk| wePv‡ii cÖm½ hw` Av‡m Zvn‡j
G R‡b¨B Ljxdv nviæbyi ikx` hLb ZLb Zuvi PvPv nhiZ gvIjvbv ÔDRy‡n ZviRxnÕ ev AMÖMY¨Zvi
Bgvg gvwjK (in.)-Gi Kv‡Q Ave`yj Kvw`i †`njex (in.) (kvn KviYmg~‡ni wfwˇZ †h nv`xm
civgk© †P‡qwQ‡jb †h, Avwg IqvjxDjøvn [in.]-Gi cyÎ, Zvdmx‡i ivwRn ev AMÖMY¨ n‡e †m nv`x‡mi
mevB‡K Avcbvi gyIqvËvi nv`xm gywhûj KziAv‡bi iPwqZv) Zvi GB IciB Avgj n‡e| AMÖMY¨Zvi
Abyhvqx Avgj Ki‡Z ûKzg Rvwi aviYv ms‡kvab K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb, A‡bK KviY Av‡Q| mb‡`i wePv‡i
K‡i w`B? Bgvg gvwjK (in.) Zuv‡K Ôg„Z mybvœ n‡K RxweZ Kivi dhxjZ AwaK mnxn nIqv GKwUgvÎ KviY|
eviY K‡i e‡jb, GUv wVK n‡e bv| †h nv`x‡m G‡m‡Q †mLv‡b ejv †Zv AMÖMY¨Zvi Ab¨ mKj KviY
KviY mvnvev‡q †Kivg `ywbqvi n‡q‡Q †h, D¤§vni dvmv‡`i hy‡M †h Z¨vM K‡i ïay GK Kvi‡Yi wfwˇZ
Avbv‡P-Kvbv‡P Qwo‡q c‡owQ‡jb e¨w³ mybvœ n‡K aviY K‡i Zvi R‡b¨ me RvqMvq mgvavb w`‡q hvIqv
Ges cÖ‡Z¨K Rbc‡`i wbKU GB dhxjZ| †Zv †Kv‡bv wel‡q hw` wbqg cwicš’x|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ wKQz nv`xm †cuŠ‡Q `y‡Uv c×wZ _v‡K Ges `y‡UvB ¯^qs Bgvg eyLvix (in.) wKZveym
†M‡Q|Õ3 gvmbyb (mybvœ nwfwËK) nq Zvn‡j mvjv‡Zi Øv`k Aa¨v‡q Diæ mZ‡ii
G‡`i †Kv‡bv GKwU‡KI dvmv` ejv AšÍf©y³ wK bv G m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv
kvqLyj Bmjvg nvwdh Be‡b K‡i‡Qb| †mLv‡b wZwb e‡j‡Qb,
hvq bv| mybvœ ni wecix‡Z we`AvZ
ZvBwgqv (in.) e‡jb, Ôgvby‡li
nj dvmv`, wØZxq mybvœ n KLbI 4] Z Y `Z [ Y 4-Z Z , [4Z \Y 1Z ^Z
] _1Z [ 4-Z Z X
R‡b¨ DwPZ n‡jv, G ai‡bi gy¯Ívnve
dvmv` bq| †Kbbv `y‡UvB mybvœ n|
ZiK K‡i n‡jI A‡b¨i gb‡ivćbi c#Y E%Z !AY Z Z Z Y [ ,a!-Z b[ 0Z -Y 1Z
AZGe ivd‡q Bqv`vBb bv KivI
†Póv Kiv| KviY Bmjv‡g G iKg ÔAvbvm (ivwh.)-Gi nv`xm (hvi Øviv
hLb mybvœ n, †Zv †Kv_vI G mybvœ n
gy¯Ívnve wel‡qi †P‡q A‡b¨i gb Abyhvqx Avgj n‡Z _vK‡j †mLv‡b Diæ mZi bv nIqv cÖgvY nq)
†Lvk ivLvi ¸iæZ¡ AviI †ewk| ivd‡q Bqv`vB‡bi mybvœ n ÔRxweZÕ mb‡`i wePv‡i AwaK mnxn n‡jI
†hfv‡e ivm~j (mv.) evqZzjøvn K‡i nv`x‡m D×…Z mIqv‡ei Avkv Rvinv‡`i nv`xm (hv‡Z Diæ mZi
Avmjiƒ‡c cybtwbg©v‡Yi B”Qv Kiv fzj| GUv IB nv`x‡mi fzj nIqvi K_v Av‡Q) mZKZ©vi wePv‡i
ev¯ÍevwqZ K‡ibwb †jvK‡`i gb Rq cÖ‡qvM| †Kbbv G‡Z c‡ivÿfv‡e AMÖMY¨| hv‡Z BLwZjv‡di g‡a¨
Kivi ¯^v‡_©| †hfv‡e nhiZ Be‡b wØZxq mybvœ n‡K dvmv` ejv nq, hv _vK‡Z bv nq|Õ6
gvmD` (ivwh.) mdi Ae¯’vq bvgvh †Kv‡bv g‡ZB mwVK bq|Õ5 ÔdvZûj evix‡Z Av‡Q, Bgvg eyLvix
c~Y© co‡Z nhiZ Dmgvb (ivwh.)- (in.) AvZ-ZvixLyj Kvex‡i
Gi cÖwZev` Ki‡jb Avevi wZwb Rvinv‡`i nv`xm‡K BhwZiv‡ei
wb‡RB Zuvi †cQ‡b gymvwdi Ae¯’vq
`yB. AwaKZi mnxn
eY©bvB AMÖMY¨? Kvi‡Y hqxd e‡j‡Qb| Zvn‡j
c~Y© bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡jb| Zvici †`Lyb, mnx‡ni wecix‡Z hqx‡di
ej‡jb, SMov-weev` wbK…óZg A‡b‡K `„pfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib, Ô†h
nv`xm mb‡`i wePv‡i †ewk mnxn Ici Avgj Kiv‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡”Qb|
welq|Õ4 KviY GUvB mZK©Zvi `vwe| †h
Zv-B †kÖô I AMÖMY¨, wecixZ
2. nhiZ BmgvCj knx` (in.)-Gi nv`xmwU mnxn n‡jI|Õ gvhnv‡e Diæ mZi †mB gvhnve
NUbv| wZwb GKevi iæKz BZ¨vw`‡Z A_P GUv wbqg bq †h, nv`x‡mi Abymv‡iI †hb †MvbvnMvi nIqvi
Ôivd‡q Bqv`vBbÕ Ki‡Z Avi¤¢ gv‡S evn¨Z we‡iva †`Lv w`‡j Ab¨ Avk¼v bv _v‡K|
K‡iwQ‡jb| A_P †m mgq †MvUv †Kv‡bv we‡ePbv QvovB AwaK mnxn G Kvi‡Y AMÖMY¨Zvi GKwU gvÎ
fviZe‡l© (ÿz`ª wKQz AÂj e¨wZµg nv`xmwU MÖnY Kiv n‡e Ges KviY‡K me©‡ÿ‡Î cÖvav‡b¨i wfwË
wQj, †hLv‡b wdK‡n kvwdqx Abyhvqx wecixZwU eR©b Kiv n‡e| eis wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv Ges mb‡`i
Avgj nZ) bvgv‡hi m~Pbv Qvov Ab¨ ¯^xK…Z wbqg GB †h, GB we‡iv‡ai wePv‡i †hwU †kÖô †mwU‡KB
†Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b ivd‡q Bqv`vBb bv †ÿ‡Î Rgv, ZviRxn I bvmL Z_v P~ovšÍfv‡e †kÖô g‡b Kiv Avi Zv-I
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RyjvBÕ15 25
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
wecixZ nv`xmwU eyLvix-gymwj‡g †bB Ô†KD nv`x‡mi wdK&n AR©b Ki‡Z
Dch©y³ Gme evYx †_‡K cÖwZfvZ
GB wPšÍv †gv‡UI mwVK bq| myZivs cvi‡e bv, hZÿY bv †m nv`xm
n‡”Q †h, nv`xm mnxn n‡q †M‡jB
AMÖMY¨Zvi Ab¨vb¨ w`K I ˆewkó¨ fvÊvi †_‡K wKQz (Avgj‡hvM¨) MÖnY
Avgj‡hvM¨ n‡q hvq bv|
m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb nIqv Ges we‡ePbvq Ki‡e Avi wKQz (Avgj‡hvM¨ bq
Avgj‡hvM¨ wK bv †mUv cÖ_‡g
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wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi G KvR
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nhiZ Ave`yjvø n Be‡b Iqvn&e (in.)
e‡jb, wbf©i‡hvM¨ AvwjgM‡Yi kiYvcYœ
wZb. nv`xm mnxn 4 \ / O$ ^_1 / L N 0 n‡Z n‡e; bZzev jvBbPz¨Z nIqvi
n‡jB Avgj‡hvM¨? mg~n m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| Bgvg
6 l ` Q 1 m1 9[ :9.$H Ave`yjvø n Be‡b Iqvn&e (in.)
G K_vI Avgv‡`i g‡b ivLv `iKvi
†h, nv`xm mnxn n‡jB Zvi Ici 9$$*
[ : M ,)/ Q " [ e‡jb,
Avgj Kiv hvq bv| eis Gi IciI W - n !AN Wlo$ $ N $* 4e
Avgj Ki‡Z n‡j wKQz ch©vq
Ôhw` Bgvg gvwjK I jvqm Be‡b ÔAvwjgMY e¨ZxZ mvaviY †jvK‡`i
AwZµg Ki‡Z nq| e¯‘Z nv`xm
mvÕ` (in.) bv _vK‡Zb Zvn‡j Avwg R‡b¨ nv`xm c_åóZvi KviY n‡Z
mnxn nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avgj‡hvM¨
aŸsm n‡q †hZvg| KviY Avwg g‡b cv‡i|Õ
wK bv—†mUvI we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z KiZvg †h, ivm~j (mv.) †_‡K ewY©Z Bgvg mywdqvb Be‡b DqvBbv (in.)
n‡e| Avi Gme †evSv mK‡ji KvR meB nv`xmB Avgj‡hvM¨| Aci e‡jb,
bq| A‡bK weÁ nv`xm M‡elKI G eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, nv`x‡mi ga¨Kvi Wl ET"$ N $* 4e
†ÿ‡Î mvjv‡di kiYvcYœ n‡q‡Qb, evn¨we‡iv‡ai Kvi‡Y Avwg c_åó
dKxnMY e¨ZxZ mvaviY †jvK‡`i
eo‡`i bxwZ AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| n‡q †hZvg|Õ
R‡b¨ nv`xm c_åóZvi KviY n‡Z
e¯‘Z †hme Bgvg nv`xmkv‡¯¿ e¨vcK GB Dw³i Aax‡b Avjøvgv hvwn`
cv‡i|13
cvi`wk©Zv AR©b K‡i‡Qb, nv`x‡mi Avj-KvImvix (in.) e‡jb,
g~jbxwZ Ges kvLvMZ welq Avi Bgvg wZiwghx (in.) e‡j‡Qb,
)T" 6 4O P &'. fT o
mwVKfv‡e AvqË K‡i‡Qb, wdKûj Z Y g Z 5Z / #[ $Z 6Y 1Z #Y [ Z
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K‡i‡Qb ZuvivB eyS‡Z cv‡ib †Kvb ÔGgb NUbv A‡bK nv`xm me‡P‡q fv‡jv ey‡Sb|Õ14
nv`xm Avgj‡hvM¨ Avi †KvbwU eY©bvKvix‡`i †ejvq N‡U‡Q; hv‡`i †gvUK_v, Avgv‡`i G hy‡M †KD hw`
Avgj‡hvM¨ bq| GLv‡b G wdK‡ni †Kv‡bv Ávb wQj bv Ges mnxn Avj-eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg
Av‡jvPbvi ¯^c‡ÿ c~e©eZ©x gbxlx‡`i Rvbv wQj bv †h, †KvbwU Avgj‡hvM¨
wKsev mybv‡b wZiwghx cÖf…wZ nv`xm
K‡qKwU Dw³ †ck Kiv n‡jv: Avi †KvbwU Avgj‡hvM¨ bq|Õ10
MÖ‡š’i Abyev` c‡o g‡b K‡i e‡mb
Bgvg Beivnxg bvLvqx (in.) e‡jb, Bgvg mywdqvb Avm-mvIix (in.) †h, Gme nv`x‡mi Ici AvwjgMY
)/ AB ) Ad% 4e f5\ g e‡jb, †Kb Avgj K‡ib bv; Zviv †Zv
Z Y &[ Y R"Y tZ X
c)6oZ \Z Y r &s Y ZA Y 4:k nv`xm we‡ivax Avgj Ki‡Qb, Zvn‡j
h \i 1
Ônv`x‡mi mwVK e¨vL¨v Rvbv nv`xm wZwb gvivZœK åvwšÍ‡Z cwZZ
ÔAvwg nv`xm kÖeY KiZ wPšÍv K‡i kÖeY †_‡K DËg|Õ11 n‡q‡Qb| cÖKZ … A‡_© wZwb D¤§vni
†`wL †KvbwU Avgj‡hvM¨- †mUv MÖnY e‡iY¨ gbxlx‡`i nv`xm Abymi‡Yi
Bgvg Avey Avjx wbkvcyix (in.)
Kwi| Avi evwK¸‡jv †Q‡o w`B|Õ8 c_ wWw½‡q wbR cÖe„wËi Abymi‡Yi
e‡jb,
nhiZ Be‡b Avey jvqjv (in.) Øvi Db¥y³ Ki‡Qb| Avjøvn Avgv‡`i
W)u"- Q`1 _4 6 4e #E%
e‡jb, †ndvhZ Kiæb|
)[ Y Z A[ jY Z ,a!-Z Y 4:k
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Abyaveb Kiv gyL¯Í Kiv †_‡KI †jLK: wk¶K, Rvwgqv gv`vwbqv Av½yiv
WciZ Z4 Z Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|Õ12 gynv¤§`cyi, weqvbxevRvi, wm‡jU

RyjvBÕ15 26
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
1
D‡jøL¨ †h, gvwmK AvZ-ZvInx‡`i C| `| -| †i| wm| wd †mgvB‡qi bvi‡Kwj cv‡qm hv
A‡±veiÕ14 msL¨vq G wel‡q Aa‡gi jvM‡e: `ya 1 †KwR, wPwb Avav
GKwU †jLv cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| Z‡e Kvc, †mgvB 1Kvc, bvi‡Kj Kzov‡bv
†mLv‡b Av‡jvwPZ †gŠjbxwZ¸‡jv GLv‡b
D‡jøL Kiv nqwb| 1/4Kvc, wN (fvRvi Rb¨) mvgvb¨,
2
Be‡b Avey nvwZg Avi-ivhx, Avj-Rvin wKmwgm 2Pv PvgP, gvIqv (¸u‡ov
IqvZ ZvÕ`xj, gRwjmy `vwqivwZj Kiv) 1 †Uwej PvgP|
gvAvwid Avj-Dmgvwbqv, nvq`vivev`, †hfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡eb: †mgvB
fviZ (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1271 wn. = mvgvb¨ wN w`‡q †f‡R wbb| mmcv‡b
1952 wLª.), L. 1, c„. 29 `ya w`‡q wPwb wgwk‡q Pzjvq ewm‡q
3
Be‡b Zvqwgqv, gRg~ÔDj dvZvIqv,
w`b| `ya dzU‡Z dzU‡Z A‡a©K n‡q
ev`kvn dvnv` KziAvb wcÖw›Us Kg‡cø·,
g`xbv kixd, myDw` Avie (1416 wn. = C‡` †mgvB I †ejx †M‡j †mgvB I bvwi‡Kj w`‡q
gvSvwi Zv‡c 7/8 wgwbU bvo–b|
4
1995 wLª.), L. 30, c„. 79
Be‡b Zvqwgqv, cÖv¸³, L. 22, c„. 407 dz‡ji cv‡qk Gici bvwg‡q VvÊv K‡i mvwf©s wW‡m
5
gvjdzhvZ I gvRvwj‡m nvKxgyj D¤§Z †mgvB-cv‡qk RbwcÖq wgwó RvZxq †X‡j wKmwgm I ¸u‡ov Kiv gvIqv
cÖf…wZ MÖ‡š’i D×…wZ‡Z gvIjvbv Ave`yj Lvevi| MÖvg wKsev kn‡ii me Qwo‡q cwi‡ekb Ki“b gRv`vi
gvwjK, Iqvn`vZzj D¤§vn, c„.
131Ñ132
RvqMv‡ZB wewfbœ ag©xq Ges bvi‡Kwj †mgvB cv‡qm|
6
Avj-eyLvix, Avm-mnxn, `viæ ZIwKb mvgvwRK Drm‡e GB Lvevi ivbœv
bvRvZ, eqiæZ, †jebvb, L. 1, c„. 83 Kiv nq| we‡kl K‡i C`yj wdZ‡i †mgvB eiwd
GB wgóvbœwU †ewk ivbœv Kiv nq| hv jvM‡e: †mgvB 1/2 c¨v‡KU,
7
G Aby‡”Q`wU cÖL¨vZ nv`xm M‡elK
gvIjvbv Ave`yj gv‡jK mv‡n‡ei
Iqvn`vZzj D¤§vn kxl©K cÖeÜ †_‡K
mKv‡j wgwó K‡i mevB C`Mv‡n Zij `ya 1wjUvi, ¸u‡ov `ya 3 †Uwej
msM„nxZ bvgvR co‡Z hvq| G Kvi‡Y C`yj PvgP, wN 3 †Uwej PvgP, wPwb
8
Be‡b iRe Avj-nv¤^jx, ÔBjvjyZ wdZi‡K Avgv‡`i †`‡k †Kv_vI cwigvb g‡Zv, †c¯—v/KvRy ev`vg KzwP
wZiwghx, gvKZvevZzj wgbvi, Av¤§vb, B”Qvg‡Zv, wKkwgk 7 †_‡K 8wU,
†Kv_vI †mgvB C`I e‡j _v‡K|
RW©vb (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1407 wn. = GjvP 2 †_‡K 3wU, `vi“wPwb 2wU,
gvwmK AvZ-ZvInx‡`i cvVK‡`i Pvqbv MÖvm cwigvb g‡Zv|
1989 wLª.), L. 2, c„. 627
9
Be‡b Ave`yj ei, RvwgD eqvwbj Bjwg Rb¨ iBj wfbœ ¯^v‡`i wfbœ Nªv‡Yi †hfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡eb: Pvqbv MÖvm
Iqv dhwjwn, `viæ Bewbj RvIhx, myDw` †mgvB I cv‡q‡ki †iwmwc| ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎvi cvwb‡Z
Avie (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1414 wn. = 1994 20wgwbU wfwR‡q ivLyb| d«vBc¨v‡b
wLª.), L. 2, c„. 1036, nv`xm: 1993 †ejx dz‡ji cv‡qk
10
Be‡b Ave`yj ei, Avj-BbwZKv dx
wN Mig K‡i †mgvB Aí Zv‡c
dvhvwqwjm mvjvmvwZj Avwq¤§vwZj
hv jvM‡e: `ya 2 wjUvi, wPwb 250 jvj‡P K‡i fvRyb| GKwU evwU‡Z
dzKvnv: gvwjK, kvwdqx Iqv Avex MÖvg, AvZc Pvj 100 MÖvg, wKkwgk mvgvb¨ Zij `ya I ¸u‡ov `ya wgwk‡q
nvbxdv ivwhqvjøvû Avbûg, UxKv: hvwn` 50 MÖvg I GjvP `ywU, †ejx dzj wbb| Av‡iKwU cv‡Î `ya, Gjv&P,
KvImvix, gvKZvev‡q Mvdzwiqv, KivwP, 2Kvc| `vi“wPwb w`‡q dzwU‡q Pvqbv MÖvm I
cvwK¯Ívb, c„. 61 †hfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡eb: cÖ_‡g †ejx ¸u‡ov `ya w`‡q bvo‡Z _vKzb| Pvqbv
11
Be‡b Ave`yj ei, RvwgD eqvwbj Bjwg
Iqv dhwjwn, L. 2, c„. 1144, nv`xm: dzj ay‡q `y‡ai m‡½ wgwk‡q wd«‡R MÖvm cy‡ivcywi M‡j †M‡jI `ya R¡vj
2253 NÈvLv‡bK †i‡L w`b| Gici `ya w`‡q Nb Ki“b| Gici fvRv †mgvB
†_‡K †ejx dzj Zz‡j Pzjvq Mig I wKkwgk w`‡q bvo–b| 5 †_‡K 7
12
Avh-hvnvex, ZvhwKivZzj ûddvh =
ZvevKvZzj ûddvh Ki“b| 10 wgwbU ci `ya dz‡U DV‡j wgwbU ci wPwb I Wv‡bv w`‡q bvo–b|
13
Kvhx Avqvh, ZviZxeyj gv`vwiK Iqv †mgvB n‡q †M‡j `vi“wPwb I GjvP
ZvKixeyj gvmvwjK, gvZevAvZz dvhvjv, Zvi g‡a¨ Pvj w`‡q w`b| Pvj dz‡U w`‡q bvwg‡q †djyb| Pvi‡KvYv
gynv¤§w`qv, g‡iv° (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY), L. 1, DV‡j wPwb w`‡q Nb Nb bvo‡Z evwU‡Z †X‡j Dc‡i ev`vg KzwP
14
c„. 91 _vKzb| Pvj †m× n‡q †M‡j wKkwgk wQwU‡q VvÊv K‡i 2 †_‡K 3 NÈv
AvZ-wZiwghx, Avj-RvwgÔDj Kexi, I GjvP w`‡q bvwg‡q cwi‡ekb wd«‡R ivLyb| me‡k‡l wd«R †_‡K
gy¯Ídv Avjevex A¨vÛ mÝ cvewjwks A¨vÛ
wcÖw›Us MÖæc, nje, wgmi, L. 3, c„. 307, Ki“b †ejx dz‡ji MÜ gvLv‡bv †ei K‡i B”Qvg‡Zv †k‡c †K‡U wbb
nv`xm: 990 cv‡qk| †mgvB eiwd|
RyjvBÕ15 27
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b

wbq‡Zi Zvrch© I
BLjvm
gvIjvbv eRjyi inxg mݯxcx
mg¯— cÖksmv †m gnvb Avj−vn cv‡Ki Øviv Avj−vn Zvqvjv mš‘ó nb| KiwQ ev Avwg cweÎ nIqvi Rb¨ Ihy
Rb¨B †h Zuvi ivm~j (nhiZ gynv¤§` ms‡¶‡c ejv hvq, h_vixwZ Avj−vni KiwQ—Gi gg©v_©‡K AšÍ‡i ¯’vb
mv.)-†K †n`vqvZ I mwVK ag© wewaweavb cvjb Kiv‡KB Bev`Z †`Iqv| GUvB cÖKZ … wbqZ| gy‡L
mnKv‡i †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| AmsL¨ ejv nq| Ihyi `yqv c‡o wb‡j fv‡jv, bv
`iƒ` I mvjvg ewl©Z †nvK gynv¤§` AZGe gvbe RvwZi cÖ‡Z¨KwU K_v co‡jI Ihy n‡q hv‡e| (Z‡e ïay
(mv.) I Zuvi cwievi-cwiR‡bi I KvR Avj−vn cv‡Ki mš‘wói Rb¨B wemwgj−vn ev wemwgj−vn cy‡ivUv
Dci, whwb Avj−vni †n`vqvZ I w؇b nIqv DwPZ| G mš‘wói D‡Ïk¨ I A_ev wemwgj−vwnj Avwjwq¨j Avhxg
nK mwVK fv‡e cÖPvi Ki‡Z wM‡q B”Qv‡KB kixqv‡Zi cwifvlvq ejv c‡o wb‡j fv‡jv)|
Zuvi Rxe‡b eû `ytL-Kó †fvM nq wbqZ, Biv`v I Km`| hw` G wbq‡Zi Avmj ¯’vb n‡jv ü`q ev
Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| wbqZ ï× I mwVK nq Zvn‡j AšÍi G Kvi‡YB gy‡L fzj ej‡jI
Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv gvbe-RvwZ‡K m„wó Aek¨B Avj−vn cvK ivwR I Lywk AšÍ‡i B”Qvg‡Z Avgj n‡q hvq|
K‡i‡Qb GKgvÎ ZuviB Bev`Z Kivi n‡eb Ges h_vh_ cÖwZ`vb cÖ`vb g‡b ivLv Avek¨K †h, bvgvh-†ivhvi
Rb¨| Ki‡eb| Rb¨ wbqZ Kiv kZ© wbqZ cov kZ©
Avj−vn ZvAvjv e‡jb, G wbq‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb m¤ú‡K© bq| Avi Aviex wbqZ †Zv evovevwo
Avj−vni ivm~j (mv.) Bikv` gvÎ| A‡b‡Ki aviYv G †h, Aviex
K‡i‡Qb, wbqZ e¨ZxZ bvgvh nq bv| Rvwb bv
Aviex wbq‡Zi DrcwË G‡`‡k
ÔAvgvi Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨B Avwg
wKfv‡e Pvjy n‡jv Ges wbqZ bvgvi
wRb I gvbe-RvwZ m„wó K‡wiQ| Ômg¯— Avgj wbq‡Zi Ici
iPwqZv wdKvn kv‡¯¿i †Kvb wKZve
Avwg Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K wRweKv PvB wbf©ikxj|Õ2
n‡Z Zv msMÖn K‡ib| wbtm‡›`‡n
bv Ges GUvI PvB bv †h, Zviv G nv`xmwU kixq‡Zi wfwËmg~‡ni Aviex wbqZ mvaviY gymwj−‡`i Rb¨
Avgv‡K Avnvh© †hvMv‡e|Õ1 g‡a¨ GKwU we‡kl wfwË| GK A‡nZzK weo¤^bv gvÎ| GUv †hb
ÔBev`ZÕ k‡ãi A_© wb‡Ri AšÍ‡i G nv`x‡mi †cÖ¶vc‡U †Kvb †Kvb eM‡j `v †i‡L R½jgq n‡b¨ n‡q
Avj−vni gvnvZœ¨ I fxwZ RvMÖZ †i‡L BgvgMY e‡j‡Qb †h, wbqZ bv †`Šov‡bv|
mKj kw³, AvbyMZ¨ I Zv‡e`vwi‡Z Ki‡j Avgj h_v IhyB n‡e bv| GKRb gymj−x hLb bvgv‡hi D‡Ï‡k¨
wb‡R‡K wb‡qvwRZ ivLv Ges mKj wKš‘ Bgv‡g Avhg Bgvg Avey nvwbdv Ihy K‡i Ges cweÎ †cvkvK wb‡q
Aeva¨Zv I bvdigvwb †_‡K `~‡i (in.) e‡j‡Qb †h, Ihy n‡q hv‡e gmwR` cv‡b AMÖmi nq ZLb wK
_vKv [i“ûj eqvb, c„. 74]| wKš‘ Ihyi cÖwZ`vb cvIqv hv‡e bv| bvgvh Av`v‡qi B”Qv Zvi AšÍ‡i
Avi †KD e‡j‡Qb †h, Bev`Z ejv D‡j−L¨ †h, Ihyi Avmj wbqZ GB RvMÖZ nq bv? g~jZ GUvB wbqZ|
nq cÖ‡Z¨K †m K_v I KvR‡K hv †h, Avwg bvgvh covi D‡Ï‡k¨ Ihy AZtci Rvqbvgv‡h `uvwo‡q w¯’i
RyjvBÕ15 28
a| g©| Ñ| `| k©| b
Ki‡e †h †Kvb Iqv‡³i bvgvh I †m Rb¨ wiqv wgwkªZ Avgj m¤ú‡K© wKZv‡e †Kvb †Kvb gbxlx Ôûhy‡i
†Kvb †kªYxi bvgvh dih, IqvwRe bv Avj−vncvK e‡jb, Kj&eÕ kãwU e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| hvi
mybœvZ| bvgv‡hi fvlv Aek¨B Aviex A_© n‡jv Bev`‡Zi mgq AšÍi‡K
wKš‘ Zv bvgv‡hi evB‡i bq| †fZ‡i w¯’i ivLv|
ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv n‡Z mvjvg †div G †¶‡Î AviI `ywU kã e¨envi
ÔZviv (wiqv wgwkªZ) †hme Avgj
ch©šÍ| ZvB Aviex fvlvq wbqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, GKwU n‡jv ÔLyïÔÕ AciwU
K‡iwQj, Avwg †m¸‡jvi w`‡K
evûj¨ gvÎ| Z‡e hviv Aviex Rv‡b n‡jv ÔLyh~ÔÕ Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z
AMÖmi njvg| AZtci †m¸‡jv‡K
Zv‡`i Rb¨ Aviex wbqZ Ki‡j DfqwUi A_© GK, A_©vr webq,
ayjvi b¨vq Dwo‡q w`jvg|Õ3
fv‡jv| bgªZv, GKvMÖZv I ek¨Zv| Avi
†Kv‡bv Aviex wKZv‡e cÖPwjZ wbqZ cÖKvk _v‡K †h, gywg‡bi wbqZ, hv †KD †KD wKQz cv_©K¨ K‡i‡Qb-Zv
D‡j−L †bB| dZûj K`xi MÖ‡š’ Zvi Bev`‡Zi GKwU Ask †m G †h, ÔLyïÔÕ Gi m¤úK© A½
D‡j−L Av‡Q †h, gy‡L wbqZ ejv bv Avg‡ji †P‡q DËg hv Zvi G cÖZ¨‡½i mv‡L [gydiv`vZ, c„. 145]|
nhiZ bex‡q Kvixg (mv.) n‡Z Bev`‡ZiB Ask| Dfq kãØq KziAv‡b cv‡K e¨eüZ
ewY©Z Av‡Q bv mvnvev‡q †Kivg Avj−vn ZvAvjv Bikv` K‡ib, n‡q‡Q|
n‡Z| Avi bv †Kvb hCd (`ye©j) !"#
nvw`‡mI Gi D‡j−L Av‡Q| GgbwK 'ؕ%& wkiK I wiqv †_‡K Avj−vn cv‡Ki
4 Bgvg n‡ZI gy‡L wbqZ ejvi ÔAvj−vn ch©šÍ †cuŠ‡Q bv G‡`i gvsm mZK©evYx
cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv| bv G‡`i i³| wKš‘ †cuŠ‡Q 1. Avj−vn ZvAvjv KziAv‡b cv‡K
`yt‡Li welq Avgv‡`i †`‡k †Kvb †Zvgv‡`i ZvKIqv Z_v e‡jb,
mgq gymwj− G Ae¯’vq cÖ‡ek K‡i †Lv`vfxwZ|Õ 4
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Aa¨vcK BwZnvmwe` Bqvwnqv BwZnvm cwil‡`i wewfbœ Kg©Kv‡Êi D`vigbv, ci‡nhMvi I †Lv`vfxiæ|
AvigvRvbx wjwLZ Middle East mv‡_ wZwb Avg„Z¨z wehy³ wQ‡jb| Rxe‡bi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mgq
Past and Present evsjvq fvlvšÍi
Zvui Nwbó Qv·`i‡K cwil‡`i wZwb ZvejxM Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡_
K‡ib, hvi c„ôv msL¨v 466| AvRxeb m`m¨ Kivi Rb¨ DØy× m¤ú„³ wQ‡jb| c‡ii DcKvi Kivi
evsjvq GwUi bvg Ôga¨cÖvP¨ AZxZ
Ki‡Zb| BwZnvm Zuvi ü`q-cÖvY I gvbwmKZv me mgq Zuvi g‡a¨ mwµq
I eZ©gvbÕ| 1978 mvj †_‡K i³-gvs‡mi mv‡_ Ggbfv‡e wQj| wnsmv I wRNvsmv Zuvi g‡a¨
2000mvj ch©šÍ G MÖš’wUi 4wU wg‡kwQj †h, wb‡Ri wZb †Q‡ji bvg j¶¨ Kiv hvqwb| Zuvi Rxeb wQj
ms¯‹iY †ei nq| ga¨cÖvP¨ I iv‡Lb wZb Rb gymwjg †mbvcwZi QK euvav| cwiwgwZ‡eva I mgq
fvi‡Zi †gvNj kvmb wQj Zvui bvgvbymv‡i| †¯úb weRqx g~mv, m‡PZbZv Zuvi Pwi‡Îi Ab¨Zg
AvKl©Yxq M‡elYvi †¶Î| Rxe‡bi Zv‡iK I cvim¨ weRqx †gvmvbœvi ˆewkô¨| cÖZ¨y ‡l kh¨vZ¨vM, e¨vqvg,
†kl w`‡K fvi‡Z gyNj mvgªv‡R¨ibv‡g| Rbve g~mv PÆMÖvg †Mvmj, wbqwš¿Z Avnvi, Ilya †meb,
cÖwZôvZv hwni DwÏb gynv¤§` evei
wek¦we`¨vj‡q Aa¨vqbKvjxb Bev`Z, whKi-AvhKvi, cweÎ
wjwLZ AvZ¥Rxebx ÔZzhyK-B-eveixÕ
cÖwZc‡¶i nv‡Z kvnv`Z eiY KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, M‡elYv-MÖš’Yv
evsjvq fvlvšÍi K‡ib, hvi bvgKiY
K‡ib| Rbve b~iæj †gv¯Ídv Zv‡iK me‡¶‡Î wZwb wbqg †g‡b Pj‡Zb
K‡ib ÔeveyibvgvÕ| Zuvi fvlv wQj
BDbvB‡UW Kgvwk©qvj e¨vs‡Ki Ges wba©vwiZ mg‡q Ki‡Zb|
mnR, mij I SiS‡i| Bwfwc I Rbve byiæj †di`vDm Zuvi gvMwdivZ I `vivRvZ eyjw›`i
GwkqvwUK †mvmvBwU evsjv‡`k, †gvmvbœv MÖvgxY‡dv‡bi †nW Ae D‡Ï‡k¨ Avjøvn Zvqvjvi `iev‡i
evsjv‡`k BwZnvm cwil`, evsjv †mjm wn‡m‡e eZ©gv‡b Kg©iZ we‡kl `yAv Kivi Rb¨ Avwg me eÜy
GKv‡Wgx Ges cwðge½ BwZnvm Av‡Qb| I ïfvbya¨vqx‡`i Kv‡Q webxZ
msm`-Gi wZwb AvRxeb m`m¨| W. gynv¤§` Bbvg-Dj-nK Avgvi Av‡e`b RvbvB| cig `qvjy Avjøvn
cÖkvmwbK `¶Zvi Rb¨ American mivmwi wk¶K| 1976-1983 G Zvqvjv kª‡×q m¨vi‡K RvbœvZzj
Biographical Institute Zv‡`i mg‡q Abvm© I gv÷v‡m© †kªYx K‡¶ wdi`vDm bmxe Kiæb, Avwgb|
RyjvBÕ15 33
g| n| Ñ| Rx| e| b

wgm‡ii †cÖwm‡W›U W.
gynv¤§` gyiwmi `kwU
ARvbv Z_¨
BqvfzR †mwjg
msNvZ-mskq-wek„•Ljvi cÖ_g Ges wgm‡ii RvMvwRM wek¦we`¨vj‡q 5. e³‡e¨i gv‡S Avhvb
wkKvi nq mZ¨| KviY †Kv‡bv BwÄwbqvwis wefv‡Mi cÖavb wQ‡jb| GKw`b AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© e³…Zv
Rvwjg AZ¨vPvixi me‡P‡q eo A¯¿ wZwb Av‡gwiKv‡Z wewfbœ cÖ‡R‡± †`Iqvi mgq Zuv‡K Rvbv‡bv nq
n‡”Q mZ¨‡K weK…Z K‡i Zvi wb‡Ri KvR K‡i‡Qb Ges †mLv‡b wfwRwUs bvgv‡hi mgq n‡q‡Q| wZwb e³…Zv
¯^v‡_© e¨envi Kiv| mZ¨ e¨ZxZ cÖ‡dmi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb eÜ K‡i †Rv‡i Avhvb w`‡Z ïi“
Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi bv †KvbUv wVK, K‡i‡Qb| K‡ib|
†KvbUv fzj| mZ¨ e¨ZxZ meB
3. mvaviY A¨vcvU©‡g‡›U emevm 6. GK M„nnxb gwnjvi cÖwZ mü`q
wg_¨v, meB AwePvi| wgm‡iI AvR
wgm‡ii †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui Rb¨ wewfbœ GKRb M„nnviv weaev gwnjv iv¯Ívq
GB Ae¯’vB Pj‡Q †hLv‡b iv‡óªi
†cÖwm‡W›U‡K AcniY K‡i e›`x K‡i wejvmeûj cÖvmv` eivÏ _vK‡jI Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Zb| GKw`b GKwU
ivLv nq (†mbv Afz¨Ìv‡bi ci †cÖwm‡W›U gyiwm Zuvi Rb¨ eivÏK…Z Mvwo Zuvi cv‡k G‡m _v‡g hvi
`xN©w`b Zuvi Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© K‡Vvi cÖvmv‡` cÖ_g Xz‡KB wm×vš— †bb †h, †fZi †_‡K †cÖwm‡W›U gyiwm †b‡g
†MvcbxqZv i¶v Kiv nq) †hb Zuvi wZwb †mLv‡b _vK‡eb bv| wZwb Zuvi Zuv‡K wR‡Ám K‡ib †Kb wZwb
mg_©bKvix‡`i AvUK K‡i AZ¨vPvi Awdwmqvj KvR-Kg© cÖvmv` †_‡K iv¯Ívq ï‡q Av‡Qb| gwnjv Zvi
I nZ¨v Kiv hvq, Zuv‡`i wbwðý cwiPvjbv Ki‡jI Zuvi fvov Kiv `yt‡Li K_v Ly‡j ej‡j, wZwb
K‡i †`Iqv hvq| Zuv‡`i wePv‡ii A¨vcvU©‡g‡›U evm Ki‡Zb| eZ©gvb Av‡`k †`b gwnjv‡K †hb miKvwi
KvVMovq `uvo Kiv‡bv n‡”Q ni‡ivR gymwjg A‡bK †bZv‡`i Uq‡jUI Li‡P GKwU evwoi e¨e¯’v K‡i
Ges Awf‡hvM ïay †e‡oB P‡j‡Q| nq‡Zv GB †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui †`Iqv nq|
iv‡óªi GB wefvR‡bi †h w`‡K A¨vcvU©‡g‡›Ui †P‡q eo|
7. †¯^”Qv‡meK wn‡m‡e †`k-
Avcwb `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb, Zvi Ici 4. gygl~ © †ev‡bi Rb¨ miKvwi we‡`k ågY
wbf©i K‡i †cÖwm‡W›U gyiwm Avcbvi
myweav wb‡Z A¯^xK…wZ gyiwm wewfbœ `vb-Aby`vb cÖK‡í
Kv‡Q nq GKRb wekvj gv‡ci wn‡iv
†cÖwm‡W›U _vKvKvjxb mgq gynv¤§` AskMÖnY Ki‡Zb| `w¶Y Gwkqvi
bq‡Zv GK `ya©l© Acivax| †Zv
Avm‡j †K GB †cÖwm‡W›U gyiwm? gyiwmi †evb AZ¨š— Amy¯’ n‡q fqven mybvwgi ci wZwb mvnvh¨
c‡ob| Wv³viiv Zuv‡K DbœZ wgk‡b †mLv‡b AvZ©‡`i mnvqZvq
1. gyiwm GKRb nv‡dR wPwKrmvi Rb¨ cvðv‡Z¨ wb‡q Qz‡U wM‡qwQ‡jb|
GK_vwU A‡b‡KB Rv‡bb bv †h hvIqvi civgk© †`b Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b wgm‡ii †cÖwm‡W›U wbe©vwPZ nIqvi
†cÖwm‡W›U gyiwm m¤ú~Y© KziAvb gyL¯Í †nwjKÞvi e¨envi Kivi AbygwZ ci wmixq †cÖwm‡W›U evkvi Avj-
K‡i‡Qb| Pvb| wKš‘ gyiwm e‡jb †h, wZwb Zuvi Avmv` Zv‡K Awfb›`b Rvbv‡j Zvi
2. wZwb weØvb cwiev‡ii Rb¨ †Kv‡bv evowZ myweav Rev‡e wZwb Rvbvb, ÔAvcbv‡K Avwg
gyiwmi wk¶vMZ †hvM¨Zv A‡b‡KiB †b‡eb bv| Zuvi †evb miKvwi wmwiqvevmxi cÖKZ… cÖwZwbwa g‡b
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RyjvBÕ15 34
g| n| Ñ| Rx| e| b
wZwb GKRb Lywbi cÖwZ f`ªZv cÖKvk
Kiv †_‡K weiZ wQ‡jb| AvZ-ZvInx‡` †jLvi wbqgvewj
8. me‡P‡q Kg †eZbcÖvß †bZv • cÖwZ Bs‡iwR gv‡mi cÖ_g mßv‡n gvwmK AvZ-ZvInx` cÖKvwkZ
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bvwqKv‡`i Avq ïb‡jB Avgv‡`i n‡e|
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AvKvkPz¤^x| wKš‘ gyiwm wQ‡jb Dbœqb, Av_©-mvgvwRK AMÖMwZ, ivRbxwZK I AvšÍRv© wZK mgm¨v,
G‡¶‡Î e¨wZµgx| wZwb wba©viY gvbevwaKvi wel‡q Bmjvwg `„wófw½ msewjZ †jLv AMÖvwaKvi
K‡ib Zvi †eZb mviv eQ‡i n‡e cv‡e|
10,000 Wjvi ev cÖvq 8 jvL UvKvi
Kg| Zv‡K AcniY Kivi mgq
• †jLv A-4 mvB‡Ri mv`v KvM‡Ri GK c„ôvq Pviw`‡K
Rvbv hvq, wZwb Avm‡j †Kv‡bv
cÖ‡qvRbxq gvwR©b I `yÕjvB‡bi gvSLv‡b duvK †i‡L wjL‡Z n‡e|
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mgq webv †eZ‡b †`‡ki Rb¨ KvR • AvZ-ZvInx‡` cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ iPbvi g~jKwc †cÖiY Riæwi|
K‡i †M‡Qb| d‡UvKwc MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| Abyev‡`i †ÿ‡Î g~jMÖš’ / g~jMÖ‡š’i
d‡UvKwc †cÖiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
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Zvi we‡ivaxiv cÖvqB ejZ, Zuvi • cÖwZ wefv‡Mi †jLv Avjv`v Avjv`v Lv‡g †jL‡Ki bvg-wVKvbv I
avwg©KZv GKwU Awfbq, wKš‘ †dvb bv¤^vi D‡jøL K‡i cvVv‡Z n‡e|
cÖK…Zc‡¶ gyiwm bvgvh wbqwgZ • fvlvi †ÿ‡Î evsjv GKv‡Wgx cÖewZ©Z cÖwgZ evbvb ixwZ AbyimY
covi e¨vcv‡i AZ¨š— mZK© wQ‡jb| Ki‡Z n‡e| KZ©„cÿ †h‡Kvb †jLv ms‡kvab I cwigvR©‡bi
Rygvi LyZevq Zv‡K Kuv`‡ZI †`Lv ÿgZv msiÿY K‡i|
†M‡Q| • †jLvq h_vh_ Z_¨-m~Î D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgbÑ Avb-bvmvqx,
10. Qwegy³ Awdm Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv, gyAvm&mvmvZzi wimvjv, eqiæZ, †jebvb
mvivwe‡k¦ Avgiv †`wL †bZv †bÎx‡`i (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1421 wn. = 2001 wLª.), L. 4, c„. 9, nv`xm:
Qwe w`‡q miKvwi †`qvj fiv _v‡K| 3597| wfbœ fvlvq †h‡Kvb DׄwZi †ÿ‡Î evsjv Abyev`
gyiwm wbe©vwPZ nIqvi ci ci wZwb Avek¨K|
Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib Zvi †Kv‡bv Qwe • †jLv g‡bvbxZ nIqvi Rb¨ welq-gvb AMÖMY¨| †jLv g‡bvbxZ
miKvwi fe‡b †Svjv‡bv hv‡e bv| n‡jI cÖKv‡ki wbðqZv †`Iqv nq bv, ZvB e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM
eis wZwb Avj−vni bvg w`‡q evÃbxq bq| Avi Ag‡bvbxZ †jLv †diZ‡hvM¨I bq|
†`qvj¸‡jv fivi Av‡`k †`b| we‡klvwqZ †jLv I Z_¨-mg„× wbe‡Üi Rb¨ m¤§vwb cÖ`vb Kiv
mZ¨ n‡jv gyiwm Mfxi loh‡š¿i nq|
wkKvi| GB `kwU c‡q‡›Ui †P‡q
mZ¨ Av‡iv †ewk RwUj| gyiwmiI • †jLv B-†gBj, †cb WªvBf I wmwW‡Z Rgv w`‡Z cvi‡j fv‡jv|
fzj n‡q‡Q wZwb wb‡RI ¯^xKvi cÖwZwU †jLv 5Ñ6 c„ôvi g‡a¨ mxwgZ ivL‡Z n‡e|
K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Zv‡K fv‡jvevmyb • †jLv GKB mg‡q GKvwaK cwÎKvq cvVv‡bv ˆbwZKZv I †mŠRb¨
Avi N„Yv Ki“b GB welq¸‡jv cwicwš’|
nq‡Zv mwZ¨Kv‡ii gvbylwU‡K wPb‡Z • MÖš’ mgv‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î mswkøó MÖ‡š’i 2wU Kwc †cÖiY Avek¨K|
mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| • `jxq cÿcvZ `yó, mv¤cÖ`vwqK m¤cÖxwZ webóKvix I wdZbv-
†diKvew›`i cwiPvqK †Kvb †jLv AvZ-ZvInx‡` Qvcv nq bv|
m~Î: gymwjgg¨vUvm© WU IAviwR

RyjvBÕ15 35
¯§| i| Y

gvIjvbv Ave`yjøvn (in.): Rxeb I Kg©

gyKZv‡`i AvRv` Lvb
gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Ave`yjøvn (in.) m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y gydZx (in.) gv‡S- cwiPvjK wn‡m‡e Ges m‡š—vlcyi
1932 mv‡j m›Øxc Kvjvcvwbqv g‡a¨ Zuvi cwiPvwjZ Av›`iwKj−v¯’ Rvwgqv ûmvBwbqv Kv‡mgyj Djyg
BDwbq‡bi GK m¤£vš— gymwjg Avj-Mbx wgmix nvwKgx `vIqvLvbvq gv`ivmvi cÖwZôvZv gvIjvbv B`ixm
cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv wekªvg wb‡Zb| gydZx Avng`yj nK (in.)-Gi mv‡_ cÖwZôvbwUi
Ges gvZv h_vµ‡g giûg nvRx (in.)-†K wZwb wcZ…Zj z ¨ B¾Z cÖwZôvbKvjxb mg‡q e¨vcK Ae`vb
Ave`yj Mbx (in.) I gymv¤§Z Ki‡Zb| Zuvi wbKU evqvZ MÖnY iv‡Lb| mviv †`‡k `xwb †L`g‡Z
gvBgybv †eMg| wZwb ¯’vbxq K‡ib| wb‡qvwRZ Zuvi cÖv³b Qv·`i g‡a¨
†dviKvwbqv gv`ivmvq cÖv_wgK `xwb m›Øx‡ci ZrKvjxb wewkó eyhyM© Avj- evDwiqv ingvwbqv gv`ivmvi
ZvÕjxg †kl K‡i m›Øx‡ci Rvwgqv Bmjvwgqv wRwi gv`ivmvi cÖwZôvZv gynZvwgg gvIjvbv Ave`yj
HwZn¨evnx `xwb cÖwZôvb KvwRiwLj eo gynvwÏm Ave`yj Iqv`y` (in.)- nvbœvb (in.), wbD †U· MÖ“‡ci
gv`ivmvq wewkó Av‡jg `yqvg bv‡gi Gi wb‡`©kµ‡g wZwb m›Øx‡ci `vi“j †Pqvig¨vb gvIjvbv byi“j Avwgb
GK eyhy‡M©i ZË¡veav‡b Bj‡g `xb Dj~g gv`ivmvi cÖwZôvZv gynZvwgg †g‡n`x, m›Øx‡ci Lv‡`gyj Bmjvg
AR©b ïiæ K‡ib| KIgx gv`ivmv gvIjvbv Avjx Avng` (in.)-Gi Bmjvg I wiqvRyj Rvbœvn gv`ivmvi
jvB‡b gva¨wgK ¯—i †kl K‡i Kb¨v gymv¤§Z gvBgybv †eM‡gi mv‡_ cÖwZôvZv gvIjvbv gwnDwÏb (in.),
Rv‡gqv Avnwjqv `vi“j Dj~g we‡q e܇b Ave× nb| gvIjvbv dwi`cyi gyZiz vcyi gv`ivmvi
nvUnvRvix‡Z fwZ© nb Ges †mLv‡b Ave`yjv− n (in.) Kvjvcvwbqv f~Bqv cÖwZôvZv gynZvwgg gvIjvbv gynv¤§`
wZwb GKRb †gavex QvÎ wn‡m‡e evwo‡Z gvngyw`qv gv`ivmv bv‡g wknve DwÏb Ab¨Zg| gvIjvbv
cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib| 1952 mv‡j GKwU Be‡Z`vqx gv`ivmv cÖwZôv Ave`yj−vn e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b 3 †Q‡j
IB gv`ivmv †_‡K `vIiv‡q nv`x‡m K‡ib hv B‡Zvg‡a¨ b`xM‡f© wejxb I 3 Kb¨v mš—v‡bi RbK| Zuvi eo
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K‡ib| Bmjvg gv`ivmvq `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi mfvcwZ Kwe gvngy``y j nvmvb
1953 mv‡j fvi‡Zi `vi“j Dj~g ci PÆMÖvg kn‡ii Rwg`vi Gg. wbRvgx, †gS †Q‡j KvDLvjx †cÖm
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kvqLyj nv`xm Avj−vgv mvqx` `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| PÆMÖvg I gywgbxb wndRyj KziAvb evwjKv
Avnv¤§` m›Øxcx (in.)-Gi m›Øx‡ci †ek K‡qKwU `xwb cÖwZôvb GKv‡Wwgi cwiPvjK nv‡dR
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Zuvi wbKU nv`x‡mi `im MÖÖnY K‡ib KziAvb evwjKv gv`ivmv I Dc‡Rjv m`‡i ¯’vqxfv‡e emevm
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Avng`yj nK (in.)-Gi Lvm Lv‡`g gvIjvbv Ave`yjv− n| wZwb Avj−vgv K‡ib| Zuv‡K KvDLvjx Dc‡Rjvi
wQ‡jb wZwb| giûg gydZx Avng`yj B`ixm (in.)-Gi mv‡_ m›Øxc †K›`ªxq Kei¯’v‡b Zuvi mnag©xbxi
nK (in.)-Gi mv‡_ Zuvi Mfxi `vi“j Dj~g gv`ivmvi wk¶v- cv‡k `vdb Kiv nq|
RyjvBÕ15 36
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Bmjv‡gi c‡_ GK Av‡gwiKvb bvix

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d«vw¼, GKRb Av‡gwiKvb bvix| w`Zvg Ges wKQz K¬v‡m wkï‡`i _vwK †Kgb K‡i †m GZUv
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RyjvBÕ15 38
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I‡qf : www.cancerbd.org
†dmeyK : www.facebook.com/cancercuring
B-†gBj : [email protected]

Wv. Gg Gg mi`v‡ii wbKU Avmvi Rb¨ †gvevB‡j

†hvMv‡hvM: 01737-379534, 01747-505955
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