REVIEW 2

Title: Smart Environment

Team Members Details :

Team Members Name Register Number

Varun Goel 19BCE2296

Tushar Goel 19BCE2185

Ashutosh Mahapatra 19BCE2191

Savani Rajdeep 19BCT0100

Abstract :

In this project, we are going to make a Smart Environment System which

comprises of

• A Garden Monitoring System will work based on the information sent by

the sensors and so proper growth for the plant will be estimated. With the
help of the moisture sensor and temperature sensor details like moisture
content and the temperature will be obtained and so based on those
readings automatic watering will be done. The major advantage of this
system is to make a suitable environment for plant growth and also to
minimize water consumption.
• IoT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System in which we will monitor the
Air Quality over a web server using the internet and will trigger an alarm
when the air quality goes down beyond a certain level, which means when
there are sufficient amount of harmful gases are present in the air like CO2,
smoke, alcohol, benzene, and NH3. It will show the air quality in PPM on
the LCD and as well as on the webpage so that we can monitor it very easily.
Keywords :

Smart monitoring, IoT, moisture sensor, temperature sensor, air pollution,

sound pollution, sensors, monitoring system, Arduino

Introduction and Motivation :

The main objective of the Smart Environment system is to facilitate the proper
growth of plants and to control air pollution for a better future and healthy living
for all. To overcome all these problems, we are going to set up a monitoring
machine. This can be defined as a system that not only monitors the growth
but also gives alerts when there is a defect in the growth or proves a suitable
environment. This type of system can be created with the help of the Internet
of Things (IoT). IoT is basically defined as the phenomenon where the system
or a device functions with the help of the internet. The major advantage of this
system is to make a suitable environment for plant growth.

With the urbanization and with the increase in the vehicles on the road the
atmospheric conditions have been considerably affected. Harmful effects of
the pollution include mild allergic reactions such as irritation of the throat, eyes,
and nose as well as some serious problems like bronchitis, heart diseases,
pneumonia, lung, and aggravated asthma. Monitoring gives measurements of
air pollutant and sound pollution concentrations, which can then be analyzed,
interpreted, and presented. This information can then be applicable in many
ways. Analysis of monitoring data allows us to assess how bad air pollution is
from day to day.

Progress Of the Project:-

● Our project is on final stage and is almost complete.

● The Air Pollution System is totally complete with new added features.
● Whereas in the Garden Monitoring System the new feature(Moisture
Sensor) which we are going to add is in the implementation stage..
We are using Tinkercad Software for the implementation of our project
in which there is no moisture sensor..
● So we planned to make a moisture sensor using various components in
tinkercad and will add along our Smart gardening system in which we
 are using temperature sensor and then we will combine both the
sensors.

Air Polution :
This is the air pollution monitoring system. It will monitor the air
pollution around the gas sensor. The components that are required to make
this circuit are listed here Firstly we need Arduino uno R3, Breadboard
Small, LCD, Piezo, Gas Sensor, Potentiometer, Register and Cables. Here
Arduino is the main controller. It will control all the activities that are
happening here. The Gas sensor will sense the amount of gas. Piezo is a
type of alarm. The LCD display the data and result. Breadboard is used for
extend the connections.

In the circuit, as we can see 3 pins out of 6 pins of the Gas sensor
are connected to the voltage of the Arduino (5V), 2 pins are connected
to the ground voltage(0V) and one pin is used to give the output of the
sensor. The LCD has some ground voltage pins, one pin is connected to
the Arduino and one pin is connected to the Potentionmeter. Lastly the
Piezo which is basically an alarm is connected to the Arduino which will
high when the air quality is really poor otherwise it went off.

For code, we have included library called LiquidCrystal. We have

programmed like when the PPM in air is less than or equal to 500 then
lcd displays that Fresh Air. If the PPM value(which is measured in Gas
sensor) is in between 500 and 650 then the lcd will display Poor Air and
if the PPM value is greater than 650 then the lcd will show Very Poor Air
and the alarm will ring otherwise alarm will remain silent.
Circuit Diagram :

Components Used :
Code :
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

int pin8 = 8;
int analogPin = A0;
int sensorValue = 0;

void setup() {
pinMode(analogPin, INPUT);
pinMode(pin8, OUTPUT);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.print("What is the air ");
lcd.print("quality today?");
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.display();
}

void loop() {

delay(1000);
sensorValue = analogRead(analogPin);
Serial.print("Air Quality in PPM = ");
Serial.println(sensorValue);

lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print ("Air Quality: ");
lcd.print (sensorValue);
 if (sensorValue<=500)
{
Serial.print("Fresh Air ");
Serial.print ("\r\n");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Fresh Air");
}
else if( sensorValue>=500 && sensorValue<=650 )
{
Serial.print("Poor Air");
Serial.print ("\r\n");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Poor Air");
}
else if (sensorValue>=650 )
{
Serial.print("Very Poor Air");
Serial.print ("\r\n");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Very Poor Air");
}

if (sensorValue >650) {
digitalWrite(pin8, HIGH);
}
else {
digitalWrite(pin8, LOW);
}
}
Smart Gardening System:-

COMPONENTS USED:-
 Methodology:-
● As of now the gardening system is dependent only on Temperature Sensor.
● As soon as we plug in the power the LCD display gets Switch ON and
displays the “Temperature” and the state of the Water Pump/DC Motor i.e
ON/OFF.
● The state of the DC Motor is controlled by the temperature sensor
● When the temperature is high(generally during summers), the soil gets dry
and the moisture in the soil gets reduced and therefore the DC motor/
Water Pump gets switch on.
● When the temperature is low(generally during winters),generally the soil
remain wet and there is enough moisture in the soil and therefore the DC
motor/ Water Pump remain switch off.
● This is the general working of our project as of now..
● We are trying to add both the temperature and the moisture sensor for the
review-3..
Code:-

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

const int LM = A0;

const int motor = 13;
const int Red = 12;
const int Green = 11;

LiquidCrystal lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.print("Automated Plant");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Watering System!");
pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Red, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Green, OUTPUT);
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Temp= ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Pump= ");
}
void loop() {
int value = analogRead(LM);
float Temperature = value * 500.0 / 1023.0;
lcd.setCursor(6,0);
lcd.print(Temperature);
lcd.setCursor(11,1);
 if (Temperature > 40){
digitalWrite(motor, HIGH);
digitalWrite(Red, HIGH);
digitalWrite(Green, LOW);
lcd.print("ON ");
}
else {
digitalWrite(motor, LOW);
digitalWrite(Red, LOW);
digitalWrite(Green, HIGH);
lcd.print("OFF");
}

delay(1000);
}
● For code, we have included library called LiquidCrystal.
● Generally we have set the activation of the temperature sensor at 40
degree celsius.
● As soon as the outside temperature is 40 degree the water pump/dc
motor gets switch on and below 40 it gets switched off.

References :

1. Okokpujie, K.O., Noma-Osaghae, E., Odusami, M., John, S.N. and Oluga, O., 2018. A smart air
pollution monitoring system. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 9(9),
pp.799-809.

2. Pal, P., Gupta, R., Tiwari, S. and Sharma, A., 2017. IoT based air pollution monitoring system using
Arduino. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 4(10), pp.1137-
1140.

3. R. Nageswara Rao, B. Sridhar “IoT based smart crop-field monitoring and automation irrigation
system” International conference on inventive systems and control,2018

4. Hamoodi, S.A., Hamoodi, A.N. and Haydar, G.M., 2020. Automated irrigation system based on soil
moisture using an arduino board. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 9(3), pp.870-876