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Tutorial 03 (Answers)

System analysis and design (Multimedia University)

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Faculty of Computing and Informatics

TIS2211 / TSE2251 Systems Analysis and Design
Tutorial 3

1. Calculate the expected time for the following activities:

Activity Optimistic Time Most Likely Time Pessimistic Time Expected Time
A 3 5 7 5.0
B 5 7 10 7.2
C 7 9 14 9.5
D 2 6 7 5.5
E 1 3 5 3.0
F 5 7 10 7.2
G 8 7 14 8.3
H 1 2 5 2.3
I 4 7 9 6.8
J 5 8 11 8.0

2. A project has been defined to contain the following list of activities along with their required
times for completion

Activity Time (weeks) Immediate Predecessors

1- collect requirements 2 -
2- analyze processes 3 1
3- analyze data 3 2
4- design processes 7 2
5- design data 6 2
6- design screens 1 3, 4
7- design reports 5 4, 5
8- program 4 6, 7
9- test and document 8 7
10- install 2 8,9

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a. Draw the network diagram for the activities.

Notation TE TL
Activit ET  calculate from 1st activity to  calculate from last activity
y last activity to 1st activity
TE TL  choose the largest  choose the smallest
 +  –

1 2 5-3=2 2 3 20-3=17 3 3 21-1=20 6 1

2 2 2+3=5 5 5 5+3=8 8 2 8+1=9 13 2
0 1
12-7=5 21-1=20
5+7=12 12+1=13
4 7
5+6=11 12-6=6 12 1 13+4=17 21-4=21
2

5 6 8 4
11 1 12+5=17 17-5=12 21 2
2 5
17-5=12 25-4=21
11+7=16 17+4=21
7 5
17 1
7 21+2=23 27-2=25

17+8=25 25-8=17

9 8 27-2=25 10 2
25 2 25+2=2 27 2
5 7
b. Calculate the earliest expected completion time.

27

c. Show the critical path.

1  2  4  7  9  10

d. What would happen if Activity 6 were revised to take six weeks instead of one week?

Activity 6 will not give impact to the completion of the project.

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3. List the five key activities done by a project manager during a project execution?

Execute baseline project plan (BPP)

Monitor progress against baseline plan
Manage changes in baseline plan
Maintain project workbook
Communicate project status

4. Explain the major differences between a network diagram and a Gantt chart.

Gantt Chart Network Diagram / PERT Chart

show task duration (calendar / date) show duration in the box
show time overlap do not show time overlap, but show
dependencies / relationship among
activities

5. Assume that you have a project with SEVEN activities labeled A-G. Derive the earliest
completion time (TE), latest completion time (TL) and the slack for each of the following
tasks (start at time = 0). Which tasks are on the critical path? Draw a network diagram for the
tasks shown. Highlight the critical path in the network diagram.

Activit Preceding Duration TE TL Slack Critical

y Event(s) (DT) Path?
A - 5 5 5 0 
B A 3 8 12 4 
C A 4 9 9 0 
D C 6 15 15 0 
E B, C 4 13 16 3 
F D 1 16 16 0 
G D, E, F 5 21 21 0 

Notation
ET Slack
Activity
TE TL

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5 0 3 4 4 3
5+3=8 B 8+4=12 E
A
12-3=9 8 12 16-4=12 13 16
5 5
5+4=9 9+4=13 13+5=18
9-4=5 16-4=12 21-5=16
4 0 6 0 5 0
C 9+6=15 15+5=20
15-6=9 D G
9 9 21-5=16
15 15 21 21

16-1=15 15+1=16
16+5=21
21-5=16
1 0
F
16 16

Critical Path: A  C  D  F  G

6. What are the differences between problem identification and problem solving?

Problem identification is a way to find the gap or measurement between the current problem
and expectation.

Problem solving is the solution or alternative solution to reduce the gap or measurement.

7. Describe the activities performed by the project manager during project planning.

Define project scope, alternatives, feasibility

Divide project into tasks
Estimate resource requirements
Develop preliminary schedule
Develop communication plan
Determine standards and procedures
Identify and assess risk
Create preliminary budget
Develop a statement of work
Set baseline project plan

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8. Match the key terms to the following definition that best fits it.

Project Manager Gantt Chart

Project Network Diagram
Deliverable Project Execution
Feasibility Study Project Closedown
Project Management Project Charter
Project Initiation Critical Path Scheduling
Project Workbook Critical Path
Project Planning Slack Time
WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique)

a) A controlled process of initiating, planning, executing and closing down a project.

Project Management

b) The shortest time in which a project can be completed.

Critical Path

c) A systems analyst with a diverse set of skills: management, leadership, technical, conflict
management and customer relationship – who is responsible for initiating, planning,
executing and closing down a project.

Project Manager

d) An end product of an SDLC phase.

Deliverable

e) The amount of time that an activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project.

Slack Time

f) The process of dividing the project into manageable tasks and logically ordering them to
ensure a smooth evolution between tasks.

WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)

g) A technique that uses optimistic, pessimistic and realistic time estimates to calculate the
expected completion time for a particular task.

PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique)

h) An online or hard-copy repository for all project correspondence, inputs, outputs,

deliverables, procedures and standards.

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Project Workbook

i) A short document prepared for customer during project initiation that describes what the
project will deliver and outlines, generally at a high level, all work required to complete
the project.

Project Charter

j) A study that determines if the proposed information system makes sense for the
organization from an economic and operational standpoint.

Feasibility Study

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