HOW TO PLAY:

• Each group will be given 5 seconds to huddle for the

answer;
• The group that answered correctly will now choose:
SWIPE LEFT? or SWIPE RIGHT?

SWIPE LEFT: GET THE SURPRISE

SWIPE RIGHT: GIVE THE SURPRISE TO OTHER GROUP

NOTE! THE SURPRISE CAN BE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE!

• Group with the highest number of points win

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10
 ----TRIAL----
Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

What country
invaded the Philippines 10 hours
after Pearl Harbor?
 ----TRIAL----
Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
Japan
+ 5 POINTS
 #1 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

What is the oldest city in the Philippines?

#1 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
Cebu
+ 2 POINTS
#2 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Who was the

first president of the Philippines?
#2 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
Emilio Aguinaldo
+ 3 POINTS
 #3 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

To which country did Spain cede the

Philippines in 1898?
#3 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
United States
-1 POINT
 #4 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

In which year was Martial Law declared in the

Philippines?
A. 1972
B. 1965
C. 1986
D. 2016
#4 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
A. 1972
-2 POINTS
#5 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

How old was Jose Rizal when he

was executed?
A. 45
B. 50
C. 36
D. 28
#5 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
C. 36
-3 POINTS
 #6 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

One what date was Philippine Independence

proclaimed?
A. June 26, 1898
B. June 12, 1898
C. June 12, 1901
D. July 4, 1898
#6 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
B. June 12, 1898
+5 POINTS
 #7 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

True or False
The current Constitution was created in 1972.
#7 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
False, the one currently in
use was created in 1987
+1 POINT
 #8 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

True or False

President Fidel Ramos

served as a lieutenant in the Korean War.
#8 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
True
-2 POINTS
#9 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

True or False

The name Manila came

from a flower which grew on the
banks of the Pasig River.
#9 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
True
+2 POINTS
 #10 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

True or False

President Ramon Magsaysay died in a car

accident.
#10 Swipe Right or Swipe Left?

Answer:
False, he died in a plane crash.
Exempted for Seatwork!
<3
 PAGE 01

MEANING AND
RELEVANCE OF HISTORY
In one word, what does History mean to you?

Prepared by: Ms. Ivyrose Ann C. Ante, LPT

PAGE 02
 PAGE 03
Definition and Subject Matter

• “study of the past”

• derived from the Greek word,
“historia” which means
knowledge acquired through
inquiry or investigation
• History as a discipline existed
2400 years ago (as old as ZEUS- Greek

Philosophy and Mathematics) MYTHOLOGY

 PAGE 04
History as HISTORIA in LATIN

• Upon adaptation to classical Latin, it

changed its meaning;
• Historia now refers to the account of a
past person or group of people through
written documents and historical
evidence until the 20 century;
th

• Hence, historians work to account for

important people's lives and JUPITER- ROMAN

breakthroughs. MYTHOLOGY
 PAGE 05
History as HISTORIA in LATIN

MONARCH HEROES SAINTS

WARS AND
REVOLUTIONS
 PAGE 06
“no document, no history!”

• Traditional historians live

with the above mantra;

• Unless a written document can

prove a certain historical event,
then it cannot be considered a
historical fact.
 History as a discipline PAGE 07

• History progressed from that mantra;

• Giving premium to only written
documents invalidates the history of
other civilizations which do not keep
a written record
• Peasants who do not have the
eligibility for their record to be kept
by the government
 HISTORICAL SOURCES’
VALIDITY PAGE 08

• Other historical sources which may or may not be

written are also considered valid when collaborated
with other disciplines;
DNA

EPICS ARTIFACTS LANGUAGE

 LET’S TRY!
Identify what primary discipline has been used in the following: PAGE 09

The Laguna Copperplate Inscription: This artifact, Ifugao Rice Terraces (2nd century BC to the 20th
unearthed in Laguna in 1974, is a legal document century AD): These remarkable rice terraces carved
inscribed on a copper plate. Dated back to 900 AD into the mountains of Ifugao showcase the ingenuity
through analysis of its content, the inscription is and agricultural practices of Filipinos for over two
written in Kawi script, an ancient script related to millennia.
Baybayin.
 GENERALIZATION PAGE 10

As a student of the new curriculum,

what can you say about the current
take on Philippine History as a GED
course?
 PAGE 11

QUESTIONS AND
ISSUES IN HISTORY
Had you already encountered the term,
HISTORIOGRAPHY?
 WHAT IS
HISTORIOGRAPHY? PAGE 04

((from Greek "graphein") -

meaning "to write"

HISTORIOGRAPHY
(from Greek "historia") -
meaning "history,"
"account," or
"narrative" ="the writing of
history."
 WHAT IS
HISTORIOGRAPHY? PAGE 12

• Is the study of history or writing

about history;
• “How was a certain historical
text written? Who wrote it?
What was the context of the
publication? What were the
sources used?”
• Historical facts is not just known
but is thoroughly analyzed
HISTORIOGRAPHY
vs HISTORY PAGE 13
 HISTORY AS A ROLE
PAGE 14

• States use history to forge a nation;

• Tool to legitimize regimes and forge a sense of
collective identity;
• Lessons from the past can be used to make sense of
the present;
• Learning of past mistakes can help people to not
repeat it
HISTORY AS A ROLE
PAGE 04

The Propaganda Movement (1872-

1896):
This intellectual and political
movement, led by figures like Jose
Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar, used
historical writings to highlight a
shared Filipino identity and a glorious
pre-colonial past. They argued for
reforms within the Spanish colonial
system, appealing to a common
heritage to inspire unity.
SOURCE MATERIAL
PAGE 15

Rizal's "The Philippines a Century

Hence" (original title: "Filipinas
Dentro de Cien Años") explored the
potential for a future, independent
Philippines. By highlighting past
strengths, it indirectly critiqued the
Spanish colonial system.
HISTORY AS A ROLE
PAGE 16

The Katipunan, a
revolutionary society led by
Andres Bonifacio, used pre-
colonial symbols and figures
like Lapu-Lapu, a hero who
resisted Spanish conquest, to
rally Filipinos against Spanish
rule. Here, history was used
to inspire resistance and a
sense of national identity.
SOURCE MATERIAL
PAGE 17

"Kartilla ng Katipunan" (The

Primer of the Katipunan): This
foundational document of the
Katipunan, written by Bonifacio
himself, mentions Lapu-Lapu as
an example of a courageous
leader who defended the
Philippines from foreign invaders.
 HISTORY AS A
NARRATIVE PAGE 18

• Any history that has been taught and

written is always intended for a certain
group of audience.
HISTORY AS A
NARRATIVE PAGE 19
HISTORY AS A
NARRATIVE PAGE 20
HISTORY AS A
NARRATIVE PAGE 21

PHILIPPINE CARICATURES BY
Alfred McCoy compiled 377
political cartoons from the
American era in the Philippines
(1900-1941) that satirized
society, politics, and the
transition from Spanish to
American rule.
 HISTORY AS A
NARRATIVE PAGE 22

• Countries also publish their version of

history:
HISTORY AS A
NARRATIVE PAGE 23
 HISTORY IS FOR
“VICTORS” PAGE 24

• The narrative of the past is always written

from the bias of the powerful and more
dominant player.
 HISTORY IS FOR
“VICTORS” PAGE 25

• The Second Word War in the Philippines

will always depict the United States as the
hero and the Imperial Japanese as the
oppressor;
• Filipinos who collaborated with the
Japanese are considered “traitors”
 HISTORY IS FOR
“VICTORS” PAGE 26

• Why do you think this is

considered as an “issue” in
history?
 PAGE 27

HISTORY AND THE

HISTORIAN
How do historians do history?
 How do historians do history?
PAGE 28

• An exact and accurate account of the past

is not possible;
• Historians can only access the history
through historical sources and
representations.
 What do historians do? PAGE 29

• Historian’s job is to not seek

historical facts but to
interpret facts;
• “Facts do not give meaning
to themselves”
 What do historians do? PAGE 29

• A historian is not a blank

paper who mechanically
interprets and analyzes
present historical facts.
• A historian might be
subjective.
 HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY
PAGE 30

• This makes history an academic and

scientific inquiry;
• This refers to certain techniques and
rules that historians follow to properly
source and the historical resources in
writing history.
 HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY
PAGE 30

• For example, a historian chooses

oral account as his study in Ifugao
in Cordilleras;
• He needs to validate the claims
through comparing and
corroborating in written source.
 HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY
PAGE 30

• While bias is inevitable, a

historian can balance his
claim through the evidences
that will back up his claim.
 PAGE 30

5 minutes break