INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT

ISSN: 2289-9286 e-ISSN: 2590-3594

VOLUME 17, NO. 4, 2023, 231 – 239
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15282/ijim.17.4.2023.10091

RESEARCH ARTICLE

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WMS)

TO IMPROVE WAREHOUSE PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS TO BUSINESS
(B2B)
Karishma Shanmugamani*, Fazeeda binti Mohamad
Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob,
Gambang 26300 Pahang, Malaysia

ARTICLE HISTORY
ABSTRACT - As one of the key steps in the manufacturing supply chain, warehousing is in Received : 01-06-2023
the position of controlling inventories. The success of realised goods movements can often be Revised : 22-06-2023
Accepted : 26-07-2023
measured by how well warehouse activities are carried out. The goal of this study is to identify
Published : 21-12-2023
the problems with inventory management in warehouses and to install WMS to enhance
inventory control in a warehouse setting. In industries such as manufacturing and other forms KEYWORDS
of production, efficient warehousing and management of inventory is essential. A systematic Warehouse
evaluation is used throughout the literature to investigate warehouse operational challenges Supply chain management
and how they impact performance measures. As clients develop increasingly sophisticated Manufacture
and require precise, safe, and rapid information communication, this study develops and Warehouse Management System
comprehends the usage of technological advances to support the business and incorporate
trustworthiness, control, and flexibility into the daily operations of warehouses. The main goal
of this study was to enhance the work management system of the organisation. The outcomes
from this study offer a few helpful suggestions on applying WMS practises within the
organisation.

1.0 INTRODUCTION
A key enabler of Malaysia's expanding commerce and rapid economic expansion is the logistics sector. Its significance
as a facilitator of the country's export- and trade-driven economy cannot be overstated. The marketplace's need for
logistics infrastructure and amenities in Malaysia continues to be rising year after year from business parks, free-standing
storage facilities/depots, and distribution parks. Yet, localised logistic companies also help to improve logistic
effectiveness in Malaysia as a result of the knowledge that logistics performance significantly affects a company's
productivity and the nation's outputs (Rashidi & Cullinane, 2019) . In basic terms, the demand is driven by the pressing
need for businesses to supply the right items in the correct amount, at the right location, and at the correct moment to
remain competitive and prosper in their markets. Although there are many spectators in the value chain and a fragmented
market landscape today, market consolidation is anticipated, and the creation of two primary groups of logistics service
providers is anticipated. Transportation, supplies, storage facilities, distribution, and information sharing are all typical
tasks managed by logistics businesses (Khan, Jian, Zhang, Golpîra, Kumar, Sharif, 2019). Many possibilities for providers
of logistics services have emerged as a result of the increasing significance of effectiveness and a concentration on basic
skills. Customers now want quicker times for delivery and more precise services. As a result, logistics service provider
control becomes more complicated. Performance metrics can help with complicated system administration.
Numerous optimisation examines are used to design modern logistical warehouses and distribution centres. These
days, warehouses require a lot of attention. According to Cakmak, Gunay, Aybakan, and Tanyas (2012), a warehouse is
a place where materials, semi-finished goods, and finished products are obtained, moved or stored, harvested, sorted, and
collected, pass-docked, and shipped in. Minimising the manipulation of materials is the main goal of material flow control.
The following guidelines must be followed in order to make the handling of materials cost-effective: manipulation should
be kept to a minimum, movement of material lengths should be kept as short as feasible, and item flow should be
uninterrupted with few breaks. The primary operations in a warehouse involve receiving, putting away, storing,
packaging, and shipment. Receiving includes a process that includes assigning vehicles to docks as well as planning and
carrying out offloading activities. This activity also involves handling materials and confirming the product's installation
and material position. The choice of an appropriate warehousing system is a present-day research area since it affects the
capacity and utilisation of the warehouse as well as the pace of storage activities (Šaderová, 2019). Warehousing is the
transfer of goods from the landing zone to their intended location. Order preparation is called order picking. This is
thought to be the primary and labour-intensive function of warehouses. Packing after picking, assigning vehicles to ports
where the orders are, and loading trucks are all aspects of transportation.

*CORRESPONDING AUTHOR | Karishma Shanmugamani |  [email protected]

© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Universiti Malaysia Pahang Publishing. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license 231
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The issue is that warehouse space is not being utilized to its full potential. Considering an effective organisational
approach enhances all aspect of a firm, an organised warehouse is certain to have greater overall performance,
productivity, and KPI (The Most Common Warehouse Logistics Problems, 2021). High likelihood of shipping error
including, without limitation, any goods shortage, damage, picking error, overage, labelling error, and ordering error, call
for optimizing operations like put-away, picking, packing, storage, shipment, and receipt. The goods needed for
manufacturing processes are kept in a production or manufacturing warehouse. These facilities are used to store and
supply semi-finished goods, production parts, components, and raw materials. Many goals, including internal and external
logistics, resource planning, material handling, storage, and inventory management are considered.
A crucial aspect of management is inventory. It is a pillar of the supply chain and logistics management in the system
for asset management (Abimanyu, Wawan, & Erry, 2019). Since that stock is monitored and measured by countless
organizations every day, this is remarkable. The main connection in the supply chain between manufacturers and
consumers is warehousing. It offers manufacturing operations a buffer to handle changing client demand. Almost 50
percent of overall of all (non-automated) warehouse operation costs are labour-related. Due to the changing nature of the
workload and the deadline-driven nature of many tasks, particularly export work, it can be challenging to estimate the
actual workforce in retail facilities.
The industry ABC Company makes goods from raw materials using machinery or manual labour, usually in a
structured manner with a division of labour. Typically, manufacturing takes place on a huge production line using
equipment and experienced labour. The primary raw material utilized in the fabrication of corrugated cardboard by ABC
Corporation is corrugated cardboard raw paper. Modern marketing developed significantly because of the industrial
revolution in packaging. Containers, cartons, and bottles produced in large quantities served as the foundation for mass
markets. Making boxes is a predictable component of the manufacturing industries that are used to package finished goods
for handling and shipping. On the other hand, cartoon boxes are the inexpensive packaging material, which will be helpful
for companies that use cartoon boxes for packaging purposes, but there are certain issues that are happening in the
company.
With increased internationalisation, logistics is becoming more and more important. All businesses are subject to
intense competition, and in this environment, logistics plays a key role. Logistics enhances customer service while
lowering costs and increasing revenues. With the advancement of information technology, logistical efficiency is
increasing (Straka, Rosova et al., 2018). This is the rationale for a decision to introduce Warehouse Management System
(WMS) to the organization that is severely struggling with warehousing issues. A contemporary warehouse must monitor
and measure its inventory to function effectively. It is a crucial component of the management information system of an
organization. The system for warehouse management, for instance, manages location control far better than the inventory
control system does. In accordance with user-defined restrictions on the use of product zones, random location control
enables the system to maximize the utilization of the warehouse's available space. Incoming flow handled, product to
location assigning, material handling, order to stock location allocation, order batching and release, order picking, order
packing, benefit logistics activities, and shipment are among the warehouse processes that must be planned and regulated
The business-to-business sector's current warehouse management systems sometimes have trouble handling high-
volume order processing, which leads to delays, errors, and higher operational expenses. The goal of this study is to create
a reliable and expandable warehouse management system that makes use of automation, advanced analytics, and customer
fulfilment to increase operational efficiency and inventory correctness in business-to-business warehouses. The
warehouses of every business or link in the supply chain are essential. After carefully weighing the relevant business
issue, it is necessary to take this action. Lacking a warehouse management strategy in the business made warehouse
activity chaotic. Due to a lack of precise and current information on the stock level of its carton boxes, the company has
inefficiencies beyond having an inadequate or excessive amount of stock in its warehouse. This increases the risk of
buying inaccurate goods from suppliers or selling false merchandise.

Figure 1. A stressful and hectic warehouse without a WMS being introduced

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Manufacturing enterprises capitalise on WMS to organise the company's storage facilities and handle finished goods,
work-in-progress inventories, and inventory of raw materials. It enables effective order tracking, inventory control, and
collaboration among both manufacturing and shipping. WMS is essential for businesses that manage the preservation,
transportation, and distribution of commodities. To ensure prompt and correct delivery, it controls the amount of
inventory, monitors deliveries, and optimises the operation of the warehouse. When study are understood, the duration of
a transaction is greatly shortened. A chain of supply consists primarily of transactions. If the logistics industry does not
work, the supply chain also is unsuccessful, which interrupts business operations. Utilising a WMS minimises errors
caused by humans and enables distributors to accurately and actively handle their stock. An absence of knowledge
regarding the WMS application and its relevance while beginning warehousing operation can have an effect on the
business. Little investigation and understanding of what the system offers into both the benefits and obstacles that WMS
offers, without why clients are much less likely to keep buying from the company and may even move on to other firms
that can ensure timely shipping are one of the elements that can be enhanced as well as changed from this study.
Implementing WMS is technology that assists businesses in managing and controlling routine operations in warehouses
from the point at which products and resources enter the warehouse or completion facility until the point at which they
left.
1.1 Research Objectives
i) To determine the issue in warehouse operations in business to business (B2B).
ii) To recommend the implementation of (WMS) in improving the warehouse performance.
1.2 Scope of study
Improving inventory monitoring and traceability is one of a warehouse management system's key objectives. Clients
can expect to be helped by the company with items and commodities which the company desires and maintains with
respect to important stock information. The goal of this study is to discover how to operate a warehouse by speaking with
corporate managers about how they are interested in implementing WMS to enhance various warehouse operations. Three
months were needed to finish this study certainly. The organisation should establish its business limits in order to perform
at its highest level, provide clients with effective service, and still feel relaxed and energised.
1.3 Significance of study
This study offer fresh perspectives on how the warehouse management system can be used to monitor and manage all
stock better. The corporation will soon be able to provide customers with products and services thanks to this study.
The employees choose and maintain current operation with pertinent stock information. This will help them to transfer
goods throughout storage facility as quickly as possible, enhancing each step of the fulfilment procedure while also adding
efficiency, consistency, and quality management to the process in the long term. In addition, the analysis offered in this
investigation provide important data for subsequent studies on warehousing management during business-to-business
transactions by enhancing its efficiency.

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Warehousing industry in Malaysia
Malaysia is a prosperous nation in transition that is moving closer to becoming a developed country in its own right.
Malaysia exemplifies outstanding leadership in terms of economic growth and development. Distribution centres, often
known as warehouses, are places where goods are distributed again to wholesalers, retailers, or consumers directly. A
warehouse serves more purposes than just housing inventory. As a result, the warehousing sector is taking on a more
important position in the logistics-related business. A corporation may occasionally need a number of kinds of storage
facilities, such as those for raw materials, semi-finished goods, finished goods, etc. Each of these entities have to be set
up in accordance with their individual operational requirements, as well as the limitations and possibilities of each place
and its surrounding area. According to Johnson et al. (2017), warehouses are an essential component of any supply chain.
The goals of warehouse management include improving accuracy and productivity while lowering and controlling
transportation and inventory costs. Warehouses are a crucial link in the supply system.
The aim of warehouse operations is to meet customer needs and requirements while efficiently utilising available
space, resources, and labour. The products need to be safe and safeguarded (Fumi et al, 2013). This is done by integrating
value-added services into the warehouses rather than concentrating solely on storage. A large number of orders went out
in just a couple of hours, which were all filled in a short of days. It is a common premise among researchers looking at
inventory issues that the market demand probability distributions are fully understood. In reality, though, this supposition
is rarely true. In light of changes in consumer psychology and purchasing power, among other things, it may be
challenging to estimate future demand (Li & Shou, 2021). Considering the extent of the piece of property or building, the
planned capability, the activities that must be carried out, the required staff and resources, the movement of supplies, and
the potential for expansion, the warehouse space that has been allocated to each region must be acceptable. In any case,
a thorough analysis of the demands of the organisation will determine how to customise the construction and the layout
of certain spaces inside the installation. In order to promote, enhance, and ensure operational excellence, the management

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of a warehouse is the systematic day-to-day administration of operations in a warehouse. Managing a warehouse entails
keeping an eye on all of the moving parts, including personnel, training, supplies, tools, security, and protection.
2.2 Issues / Challenges in Warehouse Operations
An effort is made to research warehouse operating difficulties and how they affect indicators of performance by
conducting a structured evaluation of the literature, which includes high-quality publications, handbooks, bulletins,
doctorate theses and dissertations, conferences reports, and other internet-based sources. The goal was to thoroughly
evaluate the body of research with an eye towards understanding how various warehouse operations are connected and
might be improved. Company pace, effectiveness, and efficiency of a specific warehouse activity as well as the entire
network of related processes can all be impacted by difficulties in the warehouse, which has an impact on the overall flow
of the business. Most often, these mistakes are not discovered until after the procedure has started, or after it has ended.
And at that time, it is typically too late to correct the mistake. In some cases, it is even too early to reduce the damage that
has been done. One of the numerous issues at a warehouse may involve inadequate inventory management. Due to the
possibility of workers going to a site whereby the product is not available, picking issues arise. The same can occur if
goods are stored in a space that is already filled. Traditional methods of maintaining records of inventory result in
inaccurate stock information, the accumulation of outmoded inventory, and labour-intensive physical inspections and
corrections of errors. For example, one of the most significant challenges in warehouse order management is the amount
of inventory that can be provided, but synchronising the information needed for that is a major obstacle (Kembro &
Norrman, 2019). Placing a purchase order under the impression that might have enough inventory to satisfy it, only to
discover that you do not is risky. Inventory have the option of creating a backorder, which dramatically lengthens the lead
time for your order.
Quality control occasionally suffers when there are so many sales flowing through and going out every day. As a
result, quality control in the process of supply chain is necessary to maintain an edge in the market while reducing
operational costs. Waste accumulates to an intolerable degree in the absence of quality management. Employees can fail
to pay attention to important details during choosing, packaging, or shipping owing to the stress associated with
completing orders fast. As a result, customers may receive improperly packed goods. Inventory damage occurs when an
item is harmed, which results in expenses for warehousing operations. As advised, using a pallet that can be raised,
stowed, and covered can prevent this. Ensure that walkways are brightly illuminated and spacious enough to allow people
to easily move through the goods sell. These precautions will assist in safeguarding staff, property, and inventory and in
preventing workplace mishaps. In the course of carrying out various procedures, warehouses might produce a lot of data.
Although such data can be too big to handle and analyse manually, it still contains valuable information for raising
warehouse efficiency and effectiveness. One of the most crucial operations that takes place in a storage facility is
warehouse management, which one cannot afford to get wrong. Since most warehouse management tasks are
interconnected in some capacity, a problem in one can result in expensive mistakes in the others in addition.
2.3 Applications of WMS in Warehouse Operations
Companies require reliable technology solutions to support the company and incorporate dependability, speed,
control, and adaptability into the operation of warehouses as consumers become more sophisticated and demand accurate,
secure, quick data interchange. The term real-communication skills are essential in today's rapidly developing
technological environment. The chain of distribution may be slowed down or disturbed, for instance, if the initial supplies
are not received correctly or parts disappear in a warehouse. WMSs are essential in making sure that these procedures go
well by keeping track of inventory and ensuring that things are correctly stored, sorted, transported, and monitored
(O’Donnell, 2020). One has extraordinary transparency and immediate insight into every action taking place in the
warehouse thanks to these kinds of warehousing systems. In order to reduce inefficiencies, a decent system for managing
warehouses will even assist in creating computerised lists according to orders that have merchandise stored adjacent to
one another.
A dataset-driven computer programme called a warehouse administration system (WMS) is intended to improve
warehousing efficiency and productivity by guiding traffic and preserving high inventory accuracy through the
documentation of warehouse operations. On the basis of information acquired in real-time regarding the status of dustbin
utilisation, the tools have also directed and supervised the stock holding. A WMS can efficiently process data and plan
moves inside the warehouse. It can generate reports and manage significant transaction volumes, just like in e-commerce
operations. Incorporating cutting-edge technology into your business can help businesses satisfy rising client needs while
also enhancing company ability to compete in a difficult market. WMS technologies include components of software that
support inventory management, warehouse operation oversight, labour cost reduction for manual jobs, and service to
clients enhancement. A contemporary WMS should be compatible with current enterprise applications and support
portable devices (Jenkins, 2023). The correct WMS may boost accuracy, physical space utilisation, and worker
productivity to the fullest extent. These must all be evaluated, measured, and presented with the return on investment
report. Nowadays, mobile workforce makes it crucial for the network to be remotely available through the internet and
secure, locked with a password access level. It goes without saying that any system used by the organisation needs to be
able to retrieve information.

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3.0 METHODOLOGY
This study is a research exploratory project which employs qualitative methods to gather data regarding how
companies with business-to-business warehouse have adopted the warehouse management system's method.
Comprehensive descriptions for particular investigation methods are provided in this portion, along with an analysis of
their application and an examination at how precise and thorough the study are. A method of interviewing with a particular
organisation, such as ABC company, or the usage of social networking websites as an information and data gathering tool
were used in a qualitative case investigation to seek out and examine incidences and occurring within a certain event.
This kind of case study has a constrained and distinct reach, and the researcher themselves serve as the research tool. A
pair of interviews and an analysis of the literature were employed as research approaches in this study. Through reliable
interview sessions, numerous evaluations of the available literature were obtained because those evaluations had
similarities or relationships to the topics. In addition, lower- and top-level managers with solid comprehension make up
the respondents from the conversations. Getting more comprehensive and in-depth knowledge about WMS systems of
data was another goal. The investigation of storage kinds of goods and features, current sites, and the determination of
the warehousing process are all done in the subsequent step.
3.1 Case Company
In the year 1990, ABC Company was established, and it now operates at Jalan Kasawari 4, Taman Eng Ann in Klang,
Malaysia. The business that has engaged with this present research is a manufacturing and warehousing firm. For ABC
Company to succeed in its goals, it requires efficient management of both manufacturing and warehousing processes.
Manufacturing involves a complex set of activities such as procurement source determination through vendor evaluation
criteria, production planning and optimizes the production process using industry-standard techniques to deliver quality
products with minimal waste. Quality control ensures that products conform to established industry standards. Product
assembly is then carried out according to set guidelines.
Although ABC Company strives hard towards timely productions beneficial cost-effective manufacturing practices,
there still seem intractable issues in their current system. The role played by warehousing operations at ABC Company
is just as crucial since it involves receiving goods from vendors or returned orders from clients which then go into
inventory before being sold. Notably, ABC Company produces a variety of goods ranging from carton boxes to pallets
and metals amongst others. Managing inventory levels effectively helps maintain optimal stock levels whilst reducing
costs linked with carrying excess stock should such an issue arise after demand falls short or customer ordering times
increase beyond normal expectations; fulfilling orders promptly avoids backorders whilst ensuring customers remain
satisfied with prompt deliveries thanks to later-stage distribution services by delivering reliable shipments regardless of
location worldwide.
Despite these challenges, the correct measures can ensure proper warehouse management through clearly defined
procedures whilst adequate forecasting models assist companies achieving quicker lead times before delays become too
significant to avoid preventing delivering goods to clients on time.
3.2 Flow of research

Figure 2. Research flow chart

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4.0 RESEARCH FINDINGS

Finding and implementing WMS techniques within the firm is the primary objectives of this study. The attention will
now shift to outgoing motions as the study explore somewhat further into WMS. WMS is going to direct company where
to keep the inventory. The outbound order of purchase is slotted first in the sequence. Once that has an instant order,
WMS examines at demanding orders for the coming days and may assign a portion of the arriving quantity immediately
to the shipment port. The cross-docking is the practise of never storing an entering quantity into a trash can, which
significantly reduces manpower costs and storage needs. WMS will recommend dustbin placements close to the moment
particular an in-stock product will require after reviewing everything in the warehouse and considering all past and present
requests for the stock as time goes on. Products with a great deal of interest are going to be kept in the main area of the
warehouse, while those with a lack of interest are being moved to the side. WMS installation helps businesses cut back
on laborious processes including data entry while reducing errors and increasing handling efficiency. The administration
of workforce and efficiency in warehousing can be enhanced through the implementation of a complete warehouse
management system. It is critical to pick an easy-to-use approach that will not increase staff tension if company wants to
increase worker productivity. The system should have a wide range of features while also being simple to navigate and
guiding individuals through the procedures to make learning easier. WMS also increases warehouse precision. WMS can
track each item's movement in immediate detail, reducing the possibility of loss and keeping correct inventory. A
Warehouse Management System (WMS) reduces errors by removing human data entry and providing a single source for
inventory data. To confirm the components, amounts, and placements of your purchases, a WMS may utilise the scanning
of bar codes and voice picking. In order to guarantee that the company shipments adhere to the requirements and
specifications of the clients, it can also offer quality control inspections, packing guidelines, and labelling standards.
A WMS can connect to freight the carriers, couriers, and other logistics companies to offer immediate insight and
notifications on the state and whereabouts of the deliveries. To serve clients and customers, it can also produce and
distribute tracking numbers, verification emails, and provide delivery reminders. Utilising software for warehouse
management makes it a lot easier to operate at maximum effectiveness. The term real-stock management can help
businesses organise picking and replacement and respond to variations of demand with a WMS. The business that run
will always have adequate inventory on hand to satisfy customers with this digital an approach even if sales are very
strong. The enhancement of the shipping and receiving processes is a key benefit of employing a WMS. Companies that
have a WMS set up can automate a large percentage of their shipping and receiving operations, reducing the possibility
of errors and reducing time as well as cash. A WMS additionally assists firms by providing real-time information into
their business activities, which can help company improve existing delivery and arrival processes. Another major
advantages that WMS offers is flexibility. The capacity to handle incoming items and assure correct examination, tagging,
and counting can be greatly enhanced by organising the process. When keeping the commodities is not necessary, another
approach called crossing moves the materials right away to an additional dock for shipment. This approach offers an
additional means of implementing effective utilisation.

Figure 3. A warehouse in an organised manner using WMS

ABC Company is in a favourable way by enhancing its information handling processes. Companies can acquire,
store, and evaluate important information about their business activities with a WMS in place. This can assist them make
informed decisions regarding their firm. The programme also integrates easily with already-in-use processes and systems.
First off, a warehouse management system may assist a company in cutting operating costs. If employees are able to
employ a WMS to determine the best spots for items, supplies, and devices, operational costs for a storage facility are
reduced. Increased inventory visibility may result in less immediately stock being kept on hand by a company. A business

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save money by not having a place to keep goods. By adding an initially-in, immediately-out rule, which ensures that
oldest perishables are removed first, a WMS may additionally decrease waste. A system for managing a warehouse may
prioritise the priorities for an assignment, for instance, by placing the best workers in more advantageous locations to
meet the deadline. WMS makes use of labour planning to effectively allocate the appropriate personnel to the appropriate
machinery at the right moments in time. A business might opt to roll out its WMS in stages so that it can benefit from
the latest innovations and run as effectively as possible. To make sure that the following steps can be completed, a
warehouse administration system must manage the essential fundamental data (Liang, Wu, Zhu, & Zhang, 2020). For
businesses who want to improve productivity and simplify operations, WMS deployment is an essential stage. The setting
up of a WMS might be tricky, nevertheless, and there may be numerous challenges to solve. The primary difficulty
businesses encounter during the process of setting up phase is choosing the appropriate WMS. It may seem challenging
to choose the best WMS for the business from among a number of numerous alternatives on the market today. Finding
the ideal mix amongst hard and flexible standards during WMS installation presents an additional challenge for
businesses. Because regulations reduce the framework's flexibility, strict rules can be harmful to company. On the other
hand, having excessively flexible rules might lead to blunders and inaccuracies that hurt production. WMS offers several
opportunities for reducing expenses. Companies can boost profitability and cut costs with the aid of WMS. Companies
may maximise the return on investment by using automated processes to free up the resources and time so that business
can concentrate on other crucial areas of the company.

5.0 DISCUSSION
It is essential to understand what to look for when selecting an inexpensive WMS, but it is also crucial to know when
to observe an appropriate system. WMS aids in lowering the potential that mistakes will be made when the item is sent.
The programme can also assist in timely order fulfilment and continuous monitoring of ordered goods inside the
warehouse. Higher precision and fewer problems result from removing the need for duplicate entry of information and
items that were lost. It is worthwhile implementing WMS system in an organisation because, with the right WMS,
business may receive a tool that not merely enables company to save money but also improves the business throughout
its entirety. A study conducted by Miralam and Mohammad (2017) shown all 160 respondents (100%) who use WMS
concur that it increases the precision of inventory in the company's warehouses. The physical products and services that
a business uses to generate revenue or offer in the market are known as inventory. Since WMS is a computerised system
that records all operations in a company's business in order to keep accurate inventory, all responders mentioned that
WMS enhances the inventory accuracy. The study supports that WMS improves monitoring and tracking of the item's
flow inside the warehouse. Systems for managing warehouses are intended to enhance visibility of inventory, boost
efficiency, reduce errors and states, and enhance interaction with customers. It is advised to receive quotes for all of the
system services and then make comparison to the expected spending plan for the WMS installation. Most crucially, it is
first required to comprehend that WMS costs vary depending on the number of users, products, industry, and particular
needs of an organisation. Before its installation, the organisation must internally prepare for an efficient warehouse
management system. It will need to be altered in order to make sure it has every feature the business need. It must ensure
that every employee properly understands how to utilise the upgraded system. According to the project's size and level
of difficulty, different prices will be connected with each of these steps. Setup costs could rise if changes exceed the task's
original parameters. It must contain careful analysis and planning on the part of the party that could help to minimise
accruing excessive costs. A warehouse control system is affordable for organisations wishing to improve warehouse
management processes.

6.0 CONCLUSION
One of the most crucial components of the workflow in distributing groups is the warehouse management system.
Process that are optimised can result in significant time and money savings as well as improved productivity. The idea
presented in this paper involves employing machine learning techniques to enhance a common warehouse management
system by providing users with customised alternatives. The adopted approach streamlines selecting orders, transport,
and tracking procedures as well as initial placement of goods and stocks to choosing zone transfer, and order planning.
Adding WMS to a corporation could have a range of advantageous effects on the enterprise. WMS could improve
inventory management, reduce the generation of waste, and boost efficiency for businesses. Processes are made less
complicated and more effective to achieve this. Utilising innovations like artificial intelligence, neural networks, machine
learning, and networking is essential as WMS technology continues to advance. This manual acts as a road map, providing
helpful advice and best practises to help business navigate the WMS solution market. In the future, researchers should
concentrate on studying how companies transport and handle returns on products in order to lower shipping costs,
accelerate delivery times, and effectively manage returns. WMS can assist the company in maintaining a competitive
advantage in its sector by optimising the shipping and returns procedures.

7.0 LIMITATION OF STUDY

This study's approximate shortage of specific information regarding warehouse management was one of its limitations.
Despite efforts to reach the senior management throughout the office interview session, the managers arrived midway for

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the scheduled meeting as a result of their hectic schedules. Since the information is confidential, the company in question
was unable to provide much statistical data.

8.0 RECOMMENDATION
Warehouses are carefully constructed to suit the unique demands of various industries and product types. This study's
conclusions and analysis lead to the following recommendations for addressing identified gaps and propelling warehouse
operations towards future progress. Strategies like refining order processing, inventory system checking, and
transportation protocols through rigorous evaluation will yield improvements in delivering goods' timeliness and
dependability. By streamlining these processes, delays will diminish, and the pace of product delivery will increase
overall.
Delivering items from warehouses is essential and prompt delivery may assist businesses to retain more of their
consumers. Additionally, it assures the client of dependability, improving their faith in the company. This is essential for
converting one-time customers into repeated ones through creating loyalty. Timely delivery of goods is essential for
ensuring client happiness. Businesses develop trust and reliability by keeping their delivery promises, ensuring that
customers will receive their orders on time.

9.0 REFERENCES
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 Shanmugamani and Mohamad │ International Journal of Industrial Management │ Vol. 17, No. 4 (2023)

APPENDICES
These interview questions are shown in the following appendices.
1) How long have you been involved in shipping and receiving at warehouses?
2) What is something that you would like to improve in your company?
3) Are you a company that do manufactures and warehousing?
4) Can I know how big is the warehouse to store the company goods?
5) Is the company goods organized in the warehouse?
6) What products and industry do you have experience with?
7) After manufacturing, does the goods straight be sent to your warehouse?
8) Does your warehouse use any system currently?
9) Can I know who manages the vendor and retails relationships?
10) What do you feel the most essential part of a warehouse?
11) What do you think about WMS?
12) Do you think will WMS play an important part in your business to business?
13) Would like to implement WMS in the future, for a better inventory system?
14) Do you prefer having a small capacity warehouse for your company or choosing a warehousing company to store
your goods?

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