ySICAL LAYER -TXANSHISSION HoDES

PagALLEL RANSHISSoN
Data T'ansmiss)a

Ponallel Serial

Asycnonow Synchonow Tscknonow

> Binay data thanmitte in ink wing tua ayt

Porallel
y HuhÍle bitsent a cach lokHcba

y l bi sent a cachdak tick

Ayncmayhonous rochronous

TRANSMION
data -chganized Apokn bil
ala time
’ nbi (ghoup) aaat hbik
uSE nmine aatime
Al) n bis n tsanemited witheoch cloek tch
Moac sp (ncAJe spæd. by acov of hove sela
Sande
lecaive

Eight lino
n

*SERIAL T¾ANHSON
one communicainine

AAsyrckaons Jhanmiei on
Dala d(bit) patHon wed
-

rap le bik) -
sent a ndiidua unit.
y beginning"Y polteun 2e inasao soli
Stop bit c) a efd
Eoch graupbyt) Rlouad duaho
eithck folel chanrel mo Jtop bib,
bleuel.
 stap bil stas b

Can b data nilk

Tyntsons Jzansmìssion
No shad, stop bit
bit NO gapblw byteo
Data traumitted ou unbnoken long stinga of o
Peanea.seperate ong sting inh bytea
Reaivea countz bitgrp thern Jnko & bit chits
L

Ly Spod,

Fiame
11)01))o
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Syrchaonao haumision fails duu to aneun
A

In vido, no delay bwfhame

L Tseckaonauo tnanimitim nua data awe at fxal tote
 lRANSMLSION NEDIA
4hanmisi on mia JocaBcd below the

PHy LyR LyR R

Thansmission Hiu

Cable oY @n

LThansmicion. Hadium: Any thing hat coy infoymahon

thom soun Cr Yestam
Wincd aV Wiaelear_ Meoium..
SUnguidcd Media.
Gidd. Hcdia
QudcdK loaxial koble
-

(winc) fbel ophe able

anmision Rodio Wave
Hooum ’UnGide iooJauL
(wlaelea)
5Inhahc
 huDED NEDIA
caldeouinr)
L TBansmiltcd in the fom ot elccnic aunont sina
(Taasted paih , coadal cablr) (o2 light sigha fEibe
ophcabl).
6)Twisted Pain cable
LTuo conductos.Cnomallycoppe), each insulato udth
plastic, usteo togehc
Canieoaue
othea le aie inved sigrd (complemcy ig)
caicd

LRecaivek sustaac he vollage of tuo wnes

Nolse caartalls c2uate noontcd slghal.

9 ele Unshielaled tsted-paln (np)

DHetalshd!

tahon Daba
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50
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impeoana
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on stancbdo. able Coziol b
tinsulat
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shah.
s canten.
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Corlaa
cable paipajrn twsted than Cauica
CABLE COAXIAL B)
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lineTeaphone 4
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pot Femal 2I-45
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y Application

Ehesne LAN.

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cpincples behind -Argle of Thidant (T).
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dadding
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chagy dstorho tden
paon i9sg Intaauco
. Light
algc cantoen rom denity unifoum as
Trde step male ui D
ight bamot Huliple
move
tropogchn
ale
 EtbenOpthe cable Connecoys.
book for diagranm
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9 AHenuahn i.i fato tan iste pan
Coaial able
Applicaion
Calle tu.
LAN (10o Rasc t NIu)
 UNGUIDED HEDIA
’Thonspot elchomgneh waueo. wthou
uing
phypical conducov.
Ualto calleal-, wincleas communi caka.
oe bnndcastd thtough opan spaa lain)
Ellchomegnehe spcum tangethom Tktb q00 THe
3 wayt
y hodio wa trawe dhraugh lauet poxh on ot
almosphoac
low Frqeney algnal
L Distane couted opardo

Sky hogophn. to-bo

lonbsphenc,.
racio auL,aiate upod int.
ralen dhanu ,wi th lawer pouwer.
Oine of sight paopagahn.
tanumiHeo in astaight
i dechy hon antennab.ontenna.
Antehnar b beìn straigh ine.
becousesooio thanmiusin anno be
bauscl.
 Tonds ot sgnd
L sechon ot elchomarche spetum diuded into
&
sanga.
VLE
Range
33.KHz Propagaton
Gnou
Apphcahor

LE Ghound
ME KY

3.-3Q. MHz

30- 3oo HH Sky line

Line of sig

8upe)
hamcy
3 - 0 GHz

Donasahu Tonohee
Torasphaa
anth
Eoth

Lincof sigt
 aenytange thom3KH2 b 1GH2 Radioun
betuoanLandz00
equany nange bekuan GH iaowaue

Ly Omnidirhon Natre
pra iall diarchan
No hecd fov pacse alignmonh blu sada Aeaiv
Ly Long distana CommnË cahm
le
Ponetnahon Ability
Law d mediom traary Fodio Nue on penetate
al
L Limito BarduicthLow data ate
ayouhgoncit
 Mchowayea
yFnqenyangc
L Unidinhad Thanmixi an:
s Pquiaca algama ba soding Aecoiwn9
ontenras
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ine of Sight phopathan
Antann mus be la dincch sigbt of cach other
Log dirtana2ugiso tepeaas oY Tall toweu
Wal ponctahn
Ly HEmÌChavoue cabno} panesate wal
Rezalotin hoqiz gotehnment authoi2ahn.
Unidiaechonal_dntcnna
l sands Jn onc dincchon

Parabolhc Dsh Atenna

Focwscs sigral into
into nolol)w bam
beam folong
commhicoion. lag durlanca
Hon Antenna
s satellite comrniaho

Salite communicatian
Padah sytem
 Hom Aterna
araboli< rterva

wauguide
400 H2

5 Shov -Pange comrunication:

annopensaah penchrate halla
Tdal fov idoov communicahon
L Tntefexanc fromuigt
L Ineftcciu ouudooy bccausr u emib infna ned

Wide arduidth
Hgh ote tronstmichon goe due to bnoad fiqueng
rdrge (upto o0 792)
TH2)
Applicahon
D Ramote Contno)
shot ange winaba Communicalion.
Tnahaa Asocatn CIDA)
Kaylasad,
mel
mice, panter.
drtance