~" LONI gcot CQicAlL ©& ONGEPTS AND ECOSYeTE 1 ef PaPafon , x ecology: 7 Py thee Atudy 6p Oreaufame , the q ( sovhionme al ( how the Orgawfarns Fderocd Ath cocks HL & ver envProninort > 5 MA Adudfcd at Varro Vevel, , AUCH OA crank, Hop barFOn Commu ly , eoabhere 4 eeeay em. aa Sa He mortnad AcTouce of dhe ela be Quon Worn crge lout, +P fv a a> h Te O Rysden conte oh Bor ana abtot Coembonevd A lve functor getter oy @ ust, 5 pu ecoagaterm & a cloky a, Puteractfow bh ergp Park £ Alule envtronmend. Co Ayalon + talTod: SOOT EA aD tm DO ~S4hWar % a envtionmerd toleve QW (Rica “lvenolroud Ale Yeor Cov? for chords Aart Ct 4¥me 4o fnd GO Mare , ) enBonmen) solieve a law Pos f cyewoe cagan tam > Th TR the Hore (or ©) avPund odor atty Cony mouwialy -jliod Wve eAfierc wot gurePve . ee >m byovldea {he Ore, tar HOd, poorer, abelter Cotas: =o2.2, Bare ecoleyfcal prfncPhlen’ | —> Poke cectorfica) pPibles cleacfbex Voufous ASfecta of Rukug ii There priuctples Paco *& Evoluifon & drchfbution e& Nauta £ Onfual, # Exafuet?ou Ob ApecFea | * Coumumbfou & “fraval fe Of eng Ra d&jyerend Componerta Of bPotogfcal Commu 4fer, ® CyelPuag & veoye Pan of ovgavie & Ruorpputc Rubstances , % Futevacfow & Raer- velatdiatlhe Qwong the Craven & bho ommpusmns & plrygeo) envfyonmed. BE. SENG By Gop —> The ecoayatenn Pr a banc. functor) ult of Ecology —> Fm ecoayaterr Preluder all of the PvP te | Ie plauta, aubuol, & mfeorgautama Py o Kor tath av Ow, Fderackiiey vt Lach. ether , & also vot fcr you- Rina Rutvounding enrPronmerdA, > Diwrered Whee & Ccoaystem are APhyereur AxeOA wel CorvgPat Combonevdr Puderact Pre bveroud & nD & bolfe L abtore wht Cock otter, > Ener oy Provabpr sation , ePrewartfoy L accummot Joke Hace fn Any Ceodystem .QA KRARR RR S OXB, ECORSTEM OF —> Every ecodyatem (or fron baate Comboneité (a) AbPotfe Componerta CHon~ tRAag’ ’ >> Bre CombonentA CPoPin’ (D Avrotfe combonents \ >There are “he nor Weufay combonerts Fuclude ciRwarFe , RdabbRe & -topperahliRe frepertPex > The clifot {actor Ricluder \fott , odwandbherfe Prengure , ‘temburatee, wind, hu arty etc. =>: Ethie texte kactoys are related to compas —How & @hucture Of geil cay oct? Qa Cheuk cal 3 es Probertion ef Act! Vtre Ps tybe, Dr 7 we waectter Prereed, Gat mPuerodd , Ao?) “aot GY ovgaramg iy aot ak £ Puorgargc gubs —ovcer \PKe tdater, Gabon, ubbur, wPhrogeh fioafla oe \ —> TTopoopahlte focto arg Yelated. ith qpograpl? ~ Cod CondtiPor of bartfeular area, There Pnclude 5 atlPtude, latfude, mouwta& ranger ,vatteya & e Alper efe. he Ww) Bhosle Componentes, —> “Theme ae ~the Hag organ headut 9 tod par¥feutas ecoayatem . —s RPorPe Comboneuda are drvereated ido producer, Comumesr 2 decomboacra also Known Op Quito hObes.hererctropla & Aobrotrophs Tabet fey , S a i, — > Tr any ceodyatem, the plow are the produc ~ SER Cry Aedotrohhs vole Convertr Bolar energy Reto Cheukeod energy. > They UsPlPxe Atmifoty aa heer enermy’ AoUKe & Atuple Quorpant wartterr Ree water, CO, & falts +40 produce “Harr Own {ood - —> The producege (0 Of bLotoayuthebfe baud varkx woRth Ht KPad ef Cebaystetty,/€-9) Ty Cyroustlowd LeCrystem y Cyraasex & herbs Gre wok paducer, Fu o deme foreat +i. streea Gre “tha mast Rubortadd brducera whtle Py bond ecosystem, by toblanton, Laverty algae (| ( are voored & floatfag. bydmbhyte Ove He bho dicore O ; . “t * Commmere —> The beterotobh, eat Fae made ovdtoble CONSUMES. & comumen thy food robfel, by Producerx thence are calied — > The antnal, are Aebendent on other IRAu Orvqoukinmna fpr food, “Wrerefore Cared (aperrtrophs, —> The piuory Covumerr Fy Quy ecog tne are Lorb? yorer, wh8eh feed dfrecty ou the Producers (Queen plate) 2-4: Grane Lgban, YabLE, cloer , Cord, apart, alieep etc - 4 Are Called Courumeg of Hat Orde: a— UU _> The Corfvorved feed on hatPooren, @.g Cyanaroles Pr eaten by frOq, HOY Pr eater by Anake, & Pr Abe Becoud Order CorrOvorer , Ti Wowk ents a gnake, OF a Bd ata All the Of aba Quctud Fug Combvorea’, “Hhane @re carted tertfary Comune = ye BO Combumera of HLilrd order. —» Some, ecoayatemA may (rove he op ConnPuor ~er tke the {Fou » -Raer, eagle £ vulture, wbseh arc vet Kfited Gey worely KPited £ oaten by other ankwals, ‘ * Decowporere) —> qu every ecoaystem, Hr vole OF decombonera Qo Nery woe Ruportoe) -fo, waokstady the mutes Cycle, —> Decowbonerr coudtwen dead & decayfug — wke werter @byahred “4yOu produces g Comune hence Cattect fopwrobhy . —> “The wkerd Omarkunr PRE bacterfa, Rowe jmoldr X moana Gre the deconborerg alko Kvowv OR Scave eta, — The wBerDoraa uum wacky he bacterfa 4 | fumes break. doom “He Combler Compounds Pu AFinble mubatancee usable by pha broducera. Dacowboner~g Are Alo catteg ge AehPuores, how they bok down duBuola & Pov marerfal Colled | dehfiur.9-6. Nertvfeut Cyclfiug Ba Gn. Ecoayotem : . 4 were. a saat | PRopucke& Alege stPe bers 4 O Qreen blauts ok : v : CONSUMERS de gor av kual x humua & Preval en FOO PECOMPOSELS decom jong? § bactea oe PA. Genera) choractePArer of Ecoaytern: CD The ecoayatem % moor Atructurod & {uredford) ‘ue8t Of ecology =e 2 Tle Atructure Of au ecoayatery Pa velated fo MR Rhoden dPueratty Py lu ewe -thot Comtler econgat ~om owe Le Abeckea dfveratty, ; | Ca) “The functfoy of etoayaterm % elated AO energy plow & materPale cycler wohiber & ortatte the Byatem . ot : G) THe velatPve @mou Of eMerAy needed -fo woke — Rr an QcoAYATEM cobond Ov PA Gtructure Comber |prec cooaystemg needed Venn energy to wokitabn ternrselug &) “ug ecosystem, doveldf & clone from fewer ecpleter 4o wore complex Cooayatemne , Haul foe broceag Called Aerceenafou + : (6) Each: ecoayaten Lio Gta vou eneray badger obec Coumdt be exceeded. \ C4) -Adabtatforr 40 Local env®ronmerital CondPHtow fa he Rubortard feorure o the bfotfe Comonevta Of ‘ay ecodyatem ; teilog obRelr they wioy berfah. ® ~he fuuctfon oF eveny ecoaqatem Puwclvyr a Aertern OF Cycles e%,, pater eycle » nPtrogen cyck, Cxyqer cycle etc: “these Cycler are difven by energy. A ComtPuuctPor @ry exfatauce of ecoaycte —™. dewonds ox @. Of moterPats } Nutr Puta Ho & jw Afwevt Comboverde. - C9) ~AHerePow Pr the envfronwerta vebroreram aelect Fre prentarer Lafow “Ale Robulortton to. cobiteds, Gdfrr OrpavRamn wbsclr Oxe ‘uauoble +o adfust 4 the: Sp omfronmed muxt needa Nauka. (lO) Beth the envFronmat { the eresny fkadPou th my givev. ecoayater Gre WPukted §. Corot be -excee ~ded vout cawstng perfoua undaratle efpects, ee —> Ecoayeterrs are broady dvfded Puto natural Ocoayatem, & Coe Fal ecoaysteme . There 000 CcoaystemR Ove Belk yealarua, Ober Ayaterd wh a | tree exclave Op Mbula & outhule coPth otter Ayrteme“Wwpek i Ecosystem: + | ‘wae a ed | Natrol Arete] | T Td | Teryentyfor Aoyaife | Z pee, Fd gaat Forest Qropsland, Senet _ Maine a Fee voter | Lotfc— neuer, Stren ets Lewfc— Lake, pod « = Norturad ecoayatems five CxPat? ou wodure & are further. cla? hfed Rao Aerventrfad & Anuatte . Ca oe —> Terrertyfad eeoayatem: Racluder “forent, denert £& qronatavd , ie + Gn the {orend ecodyatem au abundance ef © blo ke Ree “Ro bey hou. a nuke, Of CrQavdm x colRel (Pug fy ateladfuety @malt Bam. | Therefore, Pu forent. ecoayateng Aba dew, of (Putuq Or gavin Pa Quy Poy. A Rall champe Pr HORA 2ceaya ten could atrect ite rolateY Lalan e , Chyec+Poely Uifuafue down -fhe | vohOle eCOryatem. TH YM further AY Rded Rdd followiy: * Topical CUE Green forest « Toblcal dekduou, ferect # Tomberab evergreen forat F “Temperot, cle Glee. {prer} * “Tora ._—_—_——™ eres —> Kepert Ccoayaterm are located vw veofour hot geofeve AW Annual aeujalt Venn “Han 25 Pueber, “They Occerby aloo | 7. ef loved, Ov arth. bue do eriretely Wg Temperature , (er voater AveSab? ~ (ry & Peto e auntie flora’ % foun Are ACarce f Poorly developed —> Gronslauda are foeated Pu both Hx “Fropfcad & Acwberatte veofon OF fia. voorld how the edit Navy ialtgoaty . Ta sland @coayaten the wegen & ombrated by Gromer, The foo wir KPige Oy OHtorslavid “ ecoayater~n “ANE, Cavonva & Prokrter, * —> Mowwtaku laud provider a peattered &£ diver. Onvay OF Wobltatr vole a Yare number of Gney a, & blavta Con te fpond | At Pho Uke bes GHP tude , the Varela envlronmetal Cond Ff ous Nowmatty Provo, | Ou the Treelerr ale \ Anton can aumtue, The antwala thot lve flere (roe hiker fur Coote tor ALD broverstfoy wm Cold § MRbermotfon Fr the ‘LoPuter montty, Lower Klojer are Commonly eovered FH Confferorr tora. . 7 —S AHoy0rk Cocayatenr % the MD ecosystem found Pr O body Of rode. TA ertowhapreer Aovuattic {OKO , foun & wooder Probert fer, Qa well. —> Aoyratle Ocoayaderr further deutded Axo Marte A treat voater ecoayateme |