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Assignment English

The document is an assignment on the Urdu poem 'Shama aur Parwana' by Allama Muhammad Iqbal, exploring its themes of devotion, sacrifice, and the pursuit of enlightenment. It discusses the symbolism of the candle (shama) and the moth (parwana), emphasizing their interconnectedness and the philosophical implications of their relationship. The conclusion highlights the significance of both concepts in human growth and cultural expression, illustrating how mastery and selflessness are intertwined in the journey of personal and spiritual development.

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5 views

Assignment English

The document is an assignment on the Urdu poem 'Shama aur Parwana' by Allama Muhammad Iqbal, exploring its themes of devotion, sacrifice, and the pursuit of enlightenment. It discusses the symbolism of the candle (shama) and the moth (parwana), emphasizing their interconnectedness and the philosophical implications of their relationship. The conclusion highlights the significance of both concepts in human growth and cultural expression, illustrating how mastery and selflessness are intertwined in the journey of personal and spiritual development.

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fatimaziauppal.31
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment no.

1
Course title: Fables and Wisdom
Literature
Title: Shama aur Parwana
Department: Mathematics
Semester: BS- 3 ( morning)
Submitted to: Ms.Anam Shahid
Submitted by: Sehreem Chohan
Registration no: 23-UON-0858
Introduction:
"Shama aur Parwana" is a famous Urdu poem written by the renowned poet Allama Muhammad Iqbal.
The poem symbolizes the intense longing and devotion that one experiences in pursuit of a higher
purpose, often interpreted as spiritual or intellectual enlightenment. The metaphor of the "shama"
(candle) and "parwana" (moth) is used to convey the themes of self-sacrifice, devotion, and the search
for truth.Shama and Parwana are two words that carry profound cultural and literarature
significance, yet they belong to different traditions and have different meanings.

Imagery and Symbolism:


Iqbal masterfully employs imagery and symbolism throughout the poem. The candle (shama)
represents the divine, spiritual, or the ultimate reality, while the moth (parwana) symbolizes
the human soul, drawn to the divine. This imagery creates a powerful and evocative
atmosphere.

Metaphor and Simile:


The poem is rich in metaphors and similes, which add depth and complexity to the narrative.
For example:Shama ka parwana, parwana ka shama" (The candle is the moth, and the moth is
the candle) Parwana ki aatish, shama ki rooh" (The moth's flame is the candle's soul)These
metaphors and similes blur the lines between the candle and the moth, emphasizing their
interconnectedness and the moth's ultimate union with the divine.

Repetition and Refrain:


Iqbal uses repetition and refrain effectively to create a sense of rhythm and musicality. The
repeated phrases, such as "Shama aur parwana" and "Parwana ki aatish," become a refrain,
emphasizing the central theme of the poem.

Use of Arabic and Persian words:


Iqbal frequently incorporates Arabic and Persian words into his poetry, adding a layer of depth
and cultural richness. In "Shama aur Parwana," words like "shama" (candle), "parwana" (moth),
and "aatish" (flame) evoke a sense of mysticism and spirituality.

Philosophical and Mystical Themes:


The poem explores philosophical and mystical themes, characteristic of Iqbal's work. The candle
and the moth represent the human quest for spiritual enlightenment and union with the divine.
The poem touches on ideas of:
- The nature of reality and the divine

- The human condition and the search for meaning

- The importance of self-sacrifice and surrender

Common Themes:
Both Shama and Prawana emphasize dedication and sacrifice. The Shama symbolizes
selflessness, while Prawana symbolizes the dedication required to achieve mastery.The
difference lies in their expression: Shama represents a more spiritual or emotional form of
sacrifice, while Pravina represents expertise and mastery in a practical or artistic field.

1. The Candle (Shama):


The candle symbolizes a guiding light, knowledge, and a higher purpose. It represents the
pursuit of truth, enlightenment, and the selfless act of spreading light while enduring its own
destruction. The candle inspires others by sacrificing itself for the benefit of those around it.

2. The Moth (Parwana):


The moth symbolizes passion, devotion, and a willingness to sacrifice everything for its love or
ideal. In its pursuit of the candle, the moth represents those who are so consumed by their
purpose or love that they are ready to give up their lives for it.

3. Devotion and Sacrifice:


The relationship between the candle and the moth illustrates the beauty and pain of selfless
love and dedication. While the moth burns in its love for the candle, the candle sacrifices itself
to spread light. Together, they highlight the dual aspects of sacrifice and devotion in achieving
something meaningful.

4. Spiritual and Philosophical Significance:


On a deeper level, Iqbal often uses such imagery to discuss human connection to the divine.
The moth can symbolize the soul's yearning for Allah, willing to sacrifice worldly attachments to
achieve unity with the Creator. The candle, on the other hand, can represent divine guidance.

Cultural and Literary Context:


Shama is often used in literary and spiritual contexts to convey the inner light and sacrifice of
the self, while Prawana is used to describe real-world mastery.Shama involves an almost
transcendental sacrifice, whereas Prawana emphasizes personal growth through diligence and
skill.

Connection Between the Two Concepts:


One might argue that Prawana could be viewed as the practical application of the Shama
concept: a person who masters their craft (Prawana) often sacrifices their time, comfort, or
even identity, much like the candle that burns to provide light.

Conclusion:
Both Shama and Prawana represent important aspects of human growth and cultural
expression. While Shama symbolizes the inner spiritual light and sacrifice, Prawana highlights
the dedication required to master a discipline.The concept of Shama reflects selflessness and
the desire for enlightenment, whether spiritual or intellectual, while Prawana celebrates the
human pursuit of excellence and expertise many ways, both ideals are intertwined in human
experience, showing how mastery and selflessness go hand in hand in the journey of personal
and spiritual development.

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