5117724, 10:39AM (C++ Classes and Objects - GesksforGeeks CoursesTutorials JobsPracticeContests oS Cet C+tClassesand Objects C++Polymorphism C++ Inheritance C++ Abstraction C++Encapsulation C++ C++ Classes and Objects —— Last Updated : 17 Apr, 2023 Class in C++ is the building block that leads to Object-Oriented programming. Itis a user-defined data type, which holds its own data members and member functions, which can be accessed and used by creating an instance o class, A C++ class is like a blueprint for an object. For Example: Consider the Class of Cars. There may be many cars with different names and brands but all of them will share some common properties like all of them will have 4 wheels, Speed Limit, Mileage range, etc. So here, Car is the class, and wheels, speed limits, and mileage are their properties. * A Class is a user-defined data type that has data members and member functions. — . + Data members are the data variables and member functions are the functions used to manipulate these variables together, these data members and member functions define the properties and behavior of the objects in a —ewerrorr— Class. * In the above example of class Car, the data member will be speed limit, mileage, etc, and member functions can be applying brakes, increasing leage, etc and member functions can be applying brakes. increasin speed, etc. An Object is an instance of a Class. When a class is defined, no memory is allocated but when it allocated. is instantiated (i.e. an object is created) memory is Defining Class and Declaring Objects A class is defined in C++ using the keyword class followed by the name of the class. The body of the class is defined inside the curly brackets and terminated by a semicolon at the end. We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our Got it! site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy, hitts:inww-geekstorgeeks oric-lasses-and-abjects/refIbp 13.5117724, 10:39 AM C++ Classes and Objects - GeekstorGasks keyword user-defined name H/can be private public or protected // Variables to be used Member Functions() {} //Methods to access data members J/ Class name ends with a semicolon Declaring Objects When a class is defined, only the specification for the object is defined; no memory or storage is allocated. To use the data and access functions defined in the class, you need to create objects. Syntax ClassName ObjectName; —— Accessing data members and member functions: The data members and mambhar functinne af the clace can ha arraccad ticina tha dat!" anaratar with We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy nitpscIMww.geeksforgeeks.orgioclasses-and-objects/7ref=bp ana‘517124, 10:39AM (C++ Classes and Objecs-GeekstorGeeks the member function with the name printName() then you will have to write obj.printName(). Accessing Data Members The public data members are also accessed in the same way given however the private data members are not allowed to be accessed directly by the object. Accessing a data member depends solely on the access control of that data member. This access control is given by Access modifiers in C++. There are three access modifiers: public, private, and protected. C++ // C++ program to demonstrate accessing of data members Winclude using namespace std; class Geeks { // Access specifier public: // bata Members string geeknane; // Menber Functions() void printname() { cout << "Geekname is:" << geekname; } ue int main() { // Declare an object of class geeks Geeks obj1; // accessing data menber obj1.geekname = "Abhi"; // accessing menber function obj1.printname(); return 0; + _ Output Geekname is:Abhi —_—- Member Functions in Classes We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy, hitts:inww-geekstorgeeks oric-lasses-and-abjects/refIbp ana5117724, 10:39AM (C++ Classes and Objects - GesksforGeeks * Inside class definition * Outside class definition ——$——_—______ To define a member function outside the class definition we have to use the scope resolution: operator along with the class name and function name. eee eee ee ee eee eee sen es CH // C++ program to demonstrate function // declaration outside class #include using namespace std; class Geeks { ~ publi string geeknane; int_id; // printname is not defined inside class definition void printname(); // printid is defined inside class definition void printid() t cout <<"Geek id is: " using namespace std; class Geeks { public: We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy, hitts:inww-geekstorgeeks oric-lasses-and-abjects/refIbp 5135117724, 10:39AM (C++ Classes and Objects - GesksforGeeks Geeks() { cout << "Default Constructor called” << endl; / {Parameterized Constructor Geeks(int x) { cout <<"Parameterized Constructor called “<< endl; int main() { // obj1 will call Default Constructor Geeks obj1; cout <<"Geek id is: " using namespace std; class Geeks { public: int ids / [definition for Destructor ~Geeks() { cout << "Destructor called for id: " << id using namespace std; class Demo{ int a, b5 public: Deno() // default constructor { cout << "Default Constructor" << endl; + Demo(int a, int b):a(a),b(b) //parameterised constructor t cout << “parameterized constructor -values” << a <<" “ce b << endl; + }instances int main() { return @; Output Default Constructor We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy, hitts:inww-geekstorgeeks oric-lasses-and-abjects/refIbp ana5117724, 10:39AM (C++ Classes and Objects - GesksforGeeks Similarly, we can also call the parameterized constructor just by passing values here CH include using namespace std; class Denot public: int a, b; Demo() t cout << "Default Constructor" << endl; + Deno(int a, int b):a(a),b(b) { cout << “parameterized Constructor values-" << a <<" "<< b << endl; Hinstance(100, 268) ; int main() { return @; Output parameterized Constructor velues-1¢e 200 So by creating an instance just before the semicolon, we can create the Instance of class. Related Articles: + Multipte Inheritance in C++ We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy, hitts:inww-geekstorgeeks oric-lasses-and-abjects/refIbp ona5117724, 10:39AM (C++ Classes and Objects - GesksforGeeks Summer-time is here and so is the time to skill-up! More than 5,000 learners have now completed their journey from basics of DSA to advanced level development programs such as Full-Stack, Backend Development, Data Science. And why go anywhere else when our DSA to Development: Coding Guide will help you master all this in a few months! Apply now to our DSA to Development Program and our counsellors will connect with you for further guidance & support. 894 Previous Object Oriented Programming in C++ Share your thoughts in the comments Similar Reads Catching Base and Derived Classes as Exceptions in C+ and Java Pure Virtual Functions and Abstract Classes in C++ Introduction to Complex Objects and Composition Suggest improvement Next Access Modifiers in C++ Enum Classes in C++ and Their Advantage over Enum Datalype Passing and Returning Objects in C++ Virtual Functions in Derived Classes in cH We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy, hittps:inww-geekstorgeeks orgic-lasses-and-abjects/7refIbp 0113