QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

LEGENDS

Class Work Homework Challenge Yourself Strongly recommended to practice Evaluation

1.

SA I – 21

SA II – 26, 30

LA – 31, 33

2.

SA II – 29
LA - 35

3. Sectin A 11- 20

SA I – 23, 25

SAII – 27, 28

AR – 36-40

4. Section A 1-10
 SA I – 22, 24

LA – 32, 34

CHAPTER 4
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
SYNOPSIS

1. Definitions:
If a  0 , then ax2 + bx + c is called quadratic polynomial.

If a  0 , then the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 is called quadratic equation.

2. Solution of a Quadratic Equation:

Roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, a  0 are

− b + b 2 − 4ac − b − b 2 − 4ac
,
2a 2a

3. Relation between the Roots and Coefficients:

− b − coefficien t of x
i. sum of roots = =
a coefficien t of x 2
c constant term
ii. Product of roots = =
a coefficien t of x 2
iii.If  and  are the roots of the equation
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 , then

ax 2 + bx + c = a(x −  )(x −  )

4. Formation of a Quadratic Equation:

The quadratic equation whose roots are  and  is x2 - (  +  ) x +  = 0

i.e., x2 - (Sum of the roots) x + Product of the roots = 0 or x2 - Sx + P = 0.

5. Nature of Roots:
 Let ax2 + bx + c = 0, a  0 (a, b, c are reals) and, let D = (b2 - 4ac)

Then:
i.If D > 0, there are two real and distinct roots, given by
− b + b 2 − 4ac − b + D
= =
2a 2a

− b − b 2 − 4ac − b − D
= =
2a 2a

−b
ii.If D = 0, the roots are real and equal, each being equal to  
 2a 
iii.If D < 0, there are no real roots.

Roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, are real iff b2 - 4ac  0 (or) D  0

Roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, are non-real iff b2 - 4ac < 0 (or) D < 0
Roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, are equal iff b2 - 4ac = 0 (or) D = 0.

A. Very Short Answer Questions (VSA) 1 Mark Level

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Find the value of p for which the quadratic equation x2 + 4x + p = U
0 has real and distinct roots
a) p = 4 b) p > 4 c) p < 4 d) p = 0
2. The discriminant of (x – 1)(x + 2) = 0 is C
a) 9 b) 0 c) 8 d) -9

3. 2 U
If one root of the equation 3x2 + px + 4 = 0 is ,
3
find the value of p.
3 2
a) 8 b) c) d) -8
2 3
Comment on the nature if the roots of 2(x2 – x) = 3. HOT
4. a) Real b) Imaginary c)Real & equal d)Real & distinct

5. If ax2 + bx + c = 0 has equal roots, then c is equal to C

−b b2
b −b
2
a) b) c) d)
2a 4a 2a 4a
6. Find the value of k so that the equation x2 - 4x + k = 0 has real U
and distinct roots
a) k > 4 b) k = 4 c) k < 4 d) k  4
 7. If the quadratic equation 9x2 + 6kx + 4 = 0 has equal roots, then k C
is
a) 0 b) -2 c) 2 d)  2
8. 1 C
Which of the following is a root of the equation x2 - =0
16
1 1 1
a) b) c) d) 4
4 3 2
9. For what value of k , x = 2 is a solution of kx2 + 2x – 3 = 0 U
−1 1 −1 1
a) b) c) d)
2 2 4 4
10. If the equation 9x2 + 6kx + 4 = 0 has equal roots, then the roots U
are
2 3
a)  b)  c)  3 d) 0
3 2
FILL IN THE BLANKS
11. A quadratic equation has at the most _______ roots. U

12. If x = 2 is a solution of kx 2 + 2 x − 3 = 0 , then the value of k is C

______
13. x 2 − 8 x + 16 = 0 has _____ roots. C

14. b 2 − 4ac is known as _________ C

15. 1 U
The discriminant of 3x 2 − 2 x + = 0 is __________
3

16. The sum of the roots of − 2 x 2 + 5 x + 4 = 0 is _________ C

Nature of the roots 3x 2 − 5 x + 2 = 0 is ____________ C

17.

If x = -a is a root of x 2 + 3ax + k = 0 , then the value of k is ______ U

18.

________ should be added and subtracted to solve HOT

19. 4 x 2 − 3x − 5 = 0 by the method of completing the square method

20. The product of two consecutive odd positive integers is 483. U

Then the integers are ___________
 Short Answer Questions I (SA) 2 Marks level

21. Find the roots of : p2x2 + (p2 – q2)x – q2 = 0 U

22. Find the roots of the equation 3x2 -2√6x + 2 = 0 C

23. Find the value(s) of k for which the equation kx2 +4x + 1 U
= 0 has real roots.
24. Find a natural number whose square diminished by 84 is HOT
equal to thrice of 8 more than the given number
25. Find the nature of the roots of the equation x2 + 2x +1/3 C
=0
C Short Answer Questions II (SA) 3 Marks Level

26. Solve x: a2b2x2 – (4b4 – 3a4)x – 12a2b2 = 0

27. Solve 2x2 + 14x + 9 = 0 by using Quadratic formula. U

28. Solve: 5 x2 + 9x + 4 5 = 0 MD

29. 1 2 6 HOT
Solve for x: + = , x ≠ 1,2
x−2 x −1 x

30. A peacock is sitting on the top of a pillar, which is 9 m high. MD

From a point 27 m away from the bottom of the pillar, a snake
is coming to its hole at the base of the pillar. Seeing the snake, the
peacock pounces on it. If their speeds are equal, at what distance
from the hole is the snake caught?
D Long Answer Questions (LA) 5 Marks Level

31. Some students planned a picnic. The budget for food was Rs 500. U
But, 5 of them failed to go and thus the cost of food for each
member increased by Rs 5. How many students attended the
picnic?

32. A two-digit number is such that the product of its digits is 18. HOT

When 63 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange

their places. Find the number.
 33. If the roots of the equation (a-b) x2 + (b-c) x + (c-a) = 0 U

are equal, prove that 2a = b+ c.

34. HOT
Solve x: 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝒂+𝒃+𝒙
= 𝒂
+ 𝒃
+ 𝒙

In a flight of 2800km an aircraft was slowed down due to bad MD

35. weather. Its average speed was reduced by 100km/hr, and the
time of flight increased by 30 minutes Find the original speed
and original duration of the flight.

ASSERTION AND REASONING QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: In questions from number 36 - 40, a statement of assertion (A) is
followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, and reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but reason (R) is true.
36 Assertion: 4x2 – 12x + 9 =0 has repeated roots. U
Reason: The quadratic equation ax2 + bx+ c =0 have repeated
roots if discriminant D > 0
37 Assertion: The equation x2 + 3x + 1 = (x-2)2 is a quadratic U
equation.
Reason: Any equation of the form ax2 + bx+ c =0 where a ≠ 0, is
called a quadratic equation.
38 𝑎 HOTS
Assertion: The values of x are - , a for a quadratic equation
2
2x2 + ax – a2 = 0
Reason: For quadratic equation ax2 + bx+ c =0, the value of x is
given by:
−𝑏± √𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
x=
2𝑎
39 Assertion: If one root of the quadratic equation 6x2 – x – k = 0 is HOTS
2/3, then the value of k is 2.
Reason: The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has almost
two roots.
40 Assertion: The roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 2x + 2 = 0 are U
imaginary.
Reason: If discriminant D = b2 – 4ac < 0 then the roots of
quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are imaginary.
 Answers
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
1 c
2 a
3 d
4 d
5 b
6 c
7 d
8 a
9 c
10 a
11 2
12 -1/4
13 Equal roots
14 Discriminant
15 0
16 5/2
17 Real & distinct
18 2a2
19 3/64
20 21, 23
21 x = -1 , q2 /p2

22 x = √2/3 , √2/3

23 k<4
24 12
25 Real & distinct
26 4b2/a2 , -3a2/b2

27 (-7 ± √31)/2
28 -√5 , -4/√5
29 3 , 4/3
30 12 m
31 20
32 92
34 –a , -b
35 3hrs 30 min.

36 c
37 d

38 d

39 b

40 a