Gjpa gazq;fs;

Level 1 | Volume 4
jahupg;G kw;Wk; ntspaPL : aho; Iup `g; (Yarl IT Hub)

ehd;fhk; njhFg;G : ij 2025

%d;whk; njhFg;G : khrp 2024
,uz;lhk; njhFg;G : ij 2023
Kjyhk; njhFg;G : ij 2022

njhopy;El;g mDruiz kw;Wk; epjpAjtp (%d;whk; njhFg;G kw;Wk;

ehd;fhk; njhFg;G):
up\;Nte;j; uNkh\d; (Rishventh Ramoshan)
up\j;tpf; uNkh\d; (Rishathvik Ramoshan)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-

NonCommercialShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) ii

 cs;slf;fk;..

08 14 19
rhg;gpLtjw;F E}w;r; cq;fspd;
kwe;JtplhjPu;fs;! rpj;jpuk; ,ufrpaf; FwpaPL

25 29 33
Row;ge;jpd; fzpjf; tPl;by;
Rthurpak; Nfhyq;fs; NjdPf;fsh?

36 45 47
rhfr fiyr; khjpupf;
tpisahl;L nrhw;fs; fl;likg;Gf;fs;

iii Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 Gjpa gazq;fspd;
gazg;ghij
epiy 1 ,y; cs;s midj;Jr; nraw;ghLfisAk; epiwT
nra;tjd; %yk; epiy 1 epiwTr; rhd;wpjo; kw;Wk;
mjw;fhd mq;fPfhuj;ijg; ngw;W ePq;fs; epiy ,uz;bw;f;F
nry;yyhk;. (jw;NghJ ePq;fs; epiy 1 ,y; cs;sPu;fs;)
February 2025 - March 2025

epiy 2 ,y; cs;s midj;Jr;

nraw;ghLfisAk; epiwT nra;tjd; %yk;
epiy 2 epiwTr; rhd;wpjo; kw;Wk; mjw;fhd
mq;fPfhuj;ijg; ngw;W ePq;fs; epiy %d;wpw;F
nry;yyhk;. April 2025 - May 2025

,JNt ,Wjp epiy MFk;. epiy 3 ,y; cs;s midj;Jr;

nraw;ghLfisAk; epiwT nra;Ak; midtUf;Fk; rhd;wpjOk;
Kjy; E}W khztu;fSf;F kpfTk; ngWkjp tha;e;j gupRg;
nghjpfSk; toq;fg;gLk;. ePq;fSk; ,k; khztu;fspy;
xUtuhfyhk;. (tl khfhz xt;nthU khtl;lj;jpYk;
,e; epiyia Kjyhtjhf epiwT nra;Ak; 20 khztu;fs;
gupRg;ngl;bapid nty;thu;fs;)

mJ kl;Lkpd;wp Neubahf YGC [dpau; Nghl;bfspy; gq;FngWk;

tha;g;igAk; ngWtPu;fs;. May 2025- June 2025

(Yarl Geek Challenge):

,q;F ePq;fs; cq;fSila
Gj;jhf;fq;fis kw;Wk; ep[ tho;f;ifg; gpur;rpidfSf;F
njhopy;El;gj; jPu;Tfis Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jyhk;. ,q;F
cq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd gapw;rpfs;> mq;fPfhuq;fis
ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbtJld; ngWkjpkpf;f rhd;wpjo;fs;
kw;Wk; Nflaq;fis nty;yyhk;. June 2025

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) iv

 ,g; Gj;jfj;ij vt;thW
gad;gLj;JtJ
,g;Gj;jfkhdJ gy Rthurpakhd nraw;ghLfisAk; nrad;KiwfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
ePq;fSk; ,g;Gj;jfj;Jld; gazpg;gjd; %yk; tsu;e;J tUk; cyfpy; tpQ;Qhd kw;Wk;
njhopy;El;g ty;Yeu;fshf khw;wk; ngw;W cq;fs; jpwikfis ntspf;nfhzuyhk;.
gy nghwpKiwfis ,yFthf mwpe;J nfhs;tNjhL kl;Lkpd;wp ePq;fSk; Rthurpakhf
nraw;gLj;jpAk; Muha;e;Jk; ghu;f;ff;$bajhf ,Uf;Fk;.

,g;Gj;jfkhdJ 7 nraw;ghLfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

xt;nthU nraw;ghl;bYk; ePq;fs; Mu;tj;Jld;
nra;af;$ba nghwpKiwfs; kw;Wk; tbtikg;Gf;fs;
cs;sd. mtw;iw ftdkhf thrpj;J cs;thq;fp
nraw;gLj;jpg;ghUq;fs;. xt;nthU nraw;ghLfis
Nkw;nfhs;Sk; NghJk;> mr; nraw;ghLfspy; ,Uf;Fk;
Nfs;tpfSf;F jhs;fspy; (nraw;ghl;Lj;jhs;)
tpilaspf;f Kaw;rp nra;Aq;fs;;.

mJkl;Lkd;wp ,g;Gj;jfkhdJ xU rpwpa topfhl;bNa

MFk;. xt;nthU nraw;ghLfisAk; ePq;fs; Rakhf
ntt;NtW nray; Kiwfisg; gad;gLj;jp nra;aTk;
cq;fsJ nrhe;j vz;zf;fUf;fis nraw;ghLfspy;
gad;gLj;jTk; jaf;fk; nfhs;shjPu;fs;. cq;fs; Gj;jfk;... cq;fSf;F tpUk;gpa
Kiwapy; nraw;ghLfis khw;wpaikj;Jk; kfpOq;fs;!

nraw;ghLfis vt;thW vq;fSld; gfpu;tJ?

xt;nthU nraw;ghLfisAk; nra;J ghu;f;Fk; NghJ
cq;fsplk; jpwd;Ngrp (smart phone) ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy;
mtw;wpy; fhnzhspfshfNth my;yJ glq;fshfNth vLj;J
itj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

kw;Wk;> cq;fs; mtjhdq;fisAk;>

nraw;ghLfspy; Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;s
Nfs;tpfSf;fhd tpilfisAk;
nraw;ghLfspd; %yk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;l
mDgtq;fisAk; jhs;fspy; vOjp
itj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

v Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

cq;fsplk; jpwd;Ngrpfs; (smart phones) ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy;
jpwd;Ngrp (Smart Phone) ,Ue;jhy; ePq;fs; nra;Ak; nraw;ghLfisg; glq;fshfNth/
tPbNahf;fshfNth vLj;J nraw;ghl;Lj; jhs;fisAk; glk; gpbj;J> cq;fSila
1. KOg;ngau;
2. Kftup
3. ghlrhiy
4. gpwe;j jpfjp
5. njhiyNgrp/ifalf;f njhiyNgrp ,yf;fk;
6. juk;
Mfpatw;iwAk; Fwpg;gpl;L thl;]hg;/itgu; (WhatsApp / Viber) %yk; gpd;tUk; vz;fspy;
cq;fs; ghlrhiy mike;Js;s khtl;lj;jpw;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s njhiyNgrp
vz;zpw;F khj;jpuk; mDg;gp itAq;fs;.

aho;g;ghzk; : 077 354 0842

fpspnehr;rp : 077 040 8802
kd;dhu; : 077 354 6193
tTdpah : 077 354 6905
Ky;iyj;jPT : 077 354 2397

Fwpg;G: cq;fs; nraw;ghLfisj; njhlu;r;rpahf cq;fs;

ghlrhiy mike;Js;s khtl;lj;jpw;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s
njhiyNgrp vz;zpw;F khj;jpuk; mDg;gp itf;fTk;.
re;Njfq;fisj; jPu;f;f ,j; njhiyNgrp vz;fs; %yk;
fhiy 6 kzpapy; ,Ue;J ,uT 9 kzptiu vq;fisj;
njhlu;G nfhs;syhk;.

cq;fs; ftdj;jpw;F: tlkhfhzg; ghlrhiyfs;

midj;jpYk; ,r; nraw;wpl;lk; nraw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sjhy;
mjpf khztu;fs; vkJ njhiyNgrpf;F
cq;fisg;Nghy; jkJ nraw;ghLfis mDg;Gtjhy;
cq;fs; nraw;ghLfs; rupghu;f;fg;gl;L jfty;
mDg;Gtjw;F 7 ehl;fs; tiu vLf;fyhk; vd;gij
epidtpw;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) vi

my;yJ cq;fsplk; jpwd; Ngrpfs; ,y;yhj gl;rj;jpy;
xt;nthU nraw;ghLfspYk; ,Uf;Fk; Nfs;tpfSf;F nraw;ghl;Lj; jhspy;
tpilaspj;Jk;> ePq;fs; nra;j nraw;ghLfspd; %yk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;l
mDgtq;fisj; jhspy; vOjpAk; cq;fSila
1. KOg;ngau;
2. Kftup
3. ghlrhiy
4. gpwe;j jpfjp
5. juk;
6. cq;fisj; njhlu;G nfhs;sf;$ba njhiyNgrp ,yf;fk;

Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L cq;fs; nraw;ghLfis fPNo Fwpg;gplg;gLk; Kftupf;F jghy;

%ykhfNth / NeupNyh ePq;fs; vq;fSf;F mDg;gKbAk;.

aho; Iup `g; Yarl IT Hub,

,y 218> ehd;fhk; khb> No 218, 4th floor
];lhd;yp tPjp> Stanly Road,
aho;g;ghzk;. Jaffna.

vii Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 rhg;gpLtjw;F
kwe;JtplhjPu;fs;!

1 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 vd;d ez;gu;fNs! jiyg;G tpj;jpahrkhf cs;sjh? ,e;jr; nraw;ghl;by; cyfj;jpy;
vkf;F kpfTk; gpbj;j tplakhd rhg;ghl;bidg; gw;wpj;jhd; ghu;f;fg;NghfpNwhk;.

cyfk; KOtJk; vj;jidNah

tpjkhd czT tiffs;.. xt;nthU
ehl;bYk; xt;nthU tpjkhd
czTg; gof;fq;fs;.. xt;nthU
tPl;bYk; xt;nthU tpjkhd
rikay;fs;.. MNuhf;fpakhd
tho;Tf;F mbg;gilahd
tplak; rkepiyahd czTg;
gof;ftof;fk; MFk;.

mjhtJ rkepiyahd czT

vd;gJ rfy tpjkhd Nghrizg;
nghUl;fs; epiwe;j czT
tiffisr; rupahd mstpy;
cl;nfhs;tijf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ.

vdNt ez;gu;fNs! MNuhf;fpakhd

rkepiyahd czit rhg;gpLtjw;F
kwe;J tplhjPu;fs;!

Cl;lr;rj;J epGzu;fshy; rkepiy czTg; gof;fj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf

tbtikf;fg;gl;l nraw;wpl;lk; vdJ czTj; jl;L“ vd;gjhFk;.

vq;fSila czTj; jl;bid rupahd tpjj;jpy; tbtikj;Jf;nfhs;Nthk;. thUq;fs;.

Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1
mbg;gilia mwpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
vdJ czTj; jl;L“
vd;w nraw;wpl;lj;jpy;
tz;zg; Ngidfs; czTtiffs;
gpujhdkhf Ie;J
Kf;fpa czTf;
FOf;fshfg;
gpupf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
goq;fs;> fha;fwpfs;>
jhdpaq;fs;> Gujq;fs;>
fhfpjk; my;yJ gpupry; Nghl; kw;Wk; ghw;nghUl;fs; vd;gdthFk;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 2

 2
cq;fs; czitj; jpl;lkpLq;fs;.
xt;nthU czTf; FOtpw;Fk; nghUe;Jk; czT tiffis tiue;J ntl;b
vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs; my;yJ xU jhspy; czT tiffspd; ngau;fisf;
Fwpj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

3
ehshe;j czTj; jpl;lj;ij cUthf;Fq;fs;.
rkepiyahd czTf;$Wfis cs;slf;fpa fhiy czT> kjpa czT
kw;Wk; ,uT czT vd;gtw;iw tbtikAq;fs;. cjhuzkhf> xU
rkepiyahd fhiy czT ,tw;iwf; nfhz;bUf;fyhk;: gaW (jhdpaq;fs;)>
ghy; (ghw;nghUl;fs;)> kw;Wk; thiog;gok; (goq;fs;).

4
xU thuj;jpw;fhd cq;fs; rkepiy czit jpl;lkpLq;fs;.
mjw;F Vw;g ePq;fs; jahupj;j czTj; jl;bid Gifg;glk; vLj;J
mDg;Gq;fs;.

Kbe;jsT rkepiyahd cztpid cl;nfhs;Sq;fs;

Fwpg;G: cq;fs; jl;bd; ghjpg;gFjp goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs;

vd;gtw;why; epug;gg;gl Ntz;Lk;. kPjKs;s ghjpg; gFjp
jhdpaq;fs;> Gujg; nghUl;fshy; epug;gg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

3 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;
1. vdJ czTj; jl;L vd;gjpy; fUjg;gLk; xt;nthU czT
tifAk; cliy MNuhf;fpakhf NgZtjw;F vt;thW
cjTfpd;wd?

2. rkepiyahd czTr; nraw;wpl;lj;ijf; filg;gpbf;Fk; NghJ

Vw;gl;l rthy;fs; vit?

3. rkepiyahd czTr; nraw;wpl;lj;ijf; filg;gpbf;Fk; NghJ

Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fs; vit?

4. ePq;fs; cz;Zk; Jupj czTfs; (Fast foods) vkJ clYf;F ed;ik

gaw;fpd;wditah? Jupj czTfs; mjpfk; cz;Ztjhy; Vw;gLk; jPikfs;
vit?

czNt kUe;J
cq;fs; cliy xU ,ae;jpuk; vdf; fUJq;fs;. ve;j ,ae;jpuKk; ,aq;Ftjw;F
vupnghUs; Njit> me;j vupnghUs; cq;fs; cztpy; cs;s Cl;lr;rj;Jf;fspypUe;J
ngwg;gLfpd;wJ. xt;nthU czTf; FOTk; cq;fs; clypy; jdpj;Jtkhd Kf;fpag;
gq;fspg;Gfis toq;Ffpd;wd.

» jhdpaq;fs; cjhuzkhf muprp> cOe;J Nghd;wit fhNghitjNuw;W

epiwe;jit. clYf;F rf;jpia toq;Ffpd;wd.

» Gujq;fs; tsu;r;rpf;Fg; gq;fspf;fpd;wd. jirfis cUthf;f cjTfpwJ.

» goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs; tpw;wkpd;fshy; epiwe;Js;sd.

» ghw;nghUl;fs; vYk;Gfs; typik ngWtjw;fhd fy;rpaj;jpid

toq;Ffpd;wd.

epwj;ij itj;J tpw;wkpd;fisf; fz;lwpayhk;.

goq;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfspd; epwq;fs; mtw;wpy; mlq;fpap-
Uf;Fk; tpw;wkpd;fisf; fz;lwpa cjTfpd;wd.cjhuzkhf>
nrk;kQ;rs; epwkhd ful; tpw;wkpd; Aiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJ>
rptg;G epwkhd goq;fs; clypy; rpwe;j ,uj;j Xl;lj;ij
Vw;gLj;jf;$ba iyNfhgPd; ,idf; nfhz;Ls;sJ> gr;ir
epw ,iytiffs; nghJthf ,Uk;Gr; rj;J epiwe;jit.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 4

Nkyjpfkhf
» cq;fs; czTfis fz;fhzpf;fTk;: xU thuj;jpw;F czTf;
Fwpg;ig itj;jpUf;f Kaw;rp nra;Aq;fs;> ePq;fs; vy;yh tpjkhd
czTf; FOf;fisAk; Nru;f;fpd;wPu;fsh vd;W ghUq;fs;.

» RitawpAq;fs;: ePq;fs; vg;NghJk; rhg;gplhj xU gok; my;yJ fha;fwpia

Ritj;Jg; ghUq;fs;> mjid rhg;gpLtjhy; fpilf;Fk; ed;ikfs; gw;wp
Muha;e;J ghUq;fs;.

rpe;jpg;gjw;F rpy tupfs;

ghlrhiy nry;Yk; NghJ vkf;Fg; gpbj;j cztpid rikj;Jj;je;jhy; NghJk;
cs;sk; KOtJk; kfpo;r;rpahy; epuk;gptpLk;. vg;NghJ ,ilNtis kzp mbf;Fk;
vd;W ehd;fhk; ghlNtis KOtJk; Neuj;ijg; ghu;j;j tz;zNk ,Ug;Nghk;.
,ilNtis kzp mbj;jJk; Xbr; nrd;W iffspidf; fOtptpl;L ez;gu;fSld;
Nru;e;J czitg; gfpu;e;J cz;ZNthk;. md;iwa ,ilNtis Neuk; kpf kpfr;
re;Njh\khd nghOjhf ,Uf;Fk;.

Mdhy; ez;gu;fNs... ehd; nrhy;yg;NghFk; epfo;it xU Kiw rpe;jpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;.

mjhtJ> xU ehs; filrpg; ghlNtisf;Fupa Mrpupau; tutpy;iy. tFg;gpy; cs;s
midtUk; ikjhdj;jpw;Fr; nrd;W tpisahbf;nfhz;bUf;fpwPu;fs;. me;j topahf
mjpgu; te;J tpLfpwhu;. cq;fs; midtiuAk; Nfhgkhf miof;fpwhu;. midtUk;
jaq;fpj; jaq;fp mjpguplk; nry;fpwPu;fs;. ,Wjpapy; mjpgu; cq;fisAk; cq;fSf;F
neUf;fkhd ez;gu;fisAk; jtpu;j;J VidNahiu tFg;gpw;F nry;YkhW $wptpl;L
cq;fSf;Fk; cq;fs; ez;gu;fSf;Fk; khj;jpuk; jz;lid toq;Ffpwhu;. vd;d? mJ
vg;gb? xd;W vy;NyhUf;Fk; jz;lid toq;f Ntz;Lk; ,y;iynad;why; vy;NyhiuAk;
tFg;gpw;F mDg;gp ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; Vd; vq;fSf;F khj;jpuk; jz;lid? vd;W Nfhgk;
tUfpwJ my;yth!

ez;gu;fNs! ,Nj Nfhgk; jhd; ePq;fs; cq;fs; jl;by; kpr;rkhf itj;Js;s

czTf;Fk; Vw;gLk;. ehq;fSk; cq;fs; jl;by; jhNd ,Uf;fpNwhk; Vd; vq;fis
khj;jpuk; xJf;Ffpd;wPu;fs; vd cq;fs; rhg;ghl;Lg; ngl;bapy; cs;s czTf;$Wfs;
rj;jk; Nghl;lhy;???

nfhQ;rk; jhNd kpr;rk; itf;fpd;Nwd; vd;W epidf;fpd;wPu;fsh? xU khztdhy;

fpl;lj;jl;l 20kg czT xU tUlj;jpw;F tPzhf;fg;gLfpwJ. cyfk; KOtJk; cs;s
rpWtu;fisf; fUjpdhy; fpl;lj;jl;l 40>000>000>000kg mjhtJ 40 kpy;ypad; njhd;
czT xU tUlj;jpw;F tPzhf;fg;gLfpwJ. mNjNtis xU tUlj;jpy; 36 kpy;ypad;
rpWtu;fs; xUNtis czT fpilf;fhky; grpahy; thLfpd;wdu;.

mjdhy; jhd; nrhy;fpNwd;. rhg;gpl kwe;J tplhjPu;fs;... cq;fs; jl;by; cs;s

czit KOikahf rhg;gpl kwe;J tplhjPu;fs;. Njitahd msT czit vLj;J
mjid KOikahf rhg;gpLq;fs;.

5 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

goq;fs;
kpfTk; Ritahdit. cq;fs; czTj;jl;bd; miuthrpg; gFjpia
goq;fshYk; kuf;fwp tiffshYk; epug;Gq;fs;.

mjhtJ rikay; fwptiffs; kw;Wk; goq;fspdhyhd gof;fyit

Nghd;wit cq;fs; rhg;ghl;Lj;jl;bd; miuthrpastpw;F cl;nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;.

jhdpaq;fs;
vkJ gpujhd czT. fliy> nfsgp> gaW> muprp> cOe;J> NfhJik
Mfpad jhdpaq;fs; vDk; tiff;Fupait. gpl;L> ,bag;gk;> Njhir
vd ehk; cl;nfhs;Sk; czTfspd; %yg;nghUl;fshf ,Ug;git.

khg;nghUs; khj;jpukd;wp fliy Nghd;wtw;wpy; Gujr;rj;Jf;fSk;

epiwthf cs;sd. ,t;thwhd jhdpa tiffisAk;
rhg;gpLtjw;F kwe;J tplhjPu;fs;.

Guj czT tiffs;;

jhdpaq;fspYk; Gujr; rj;J cz;L. mijj;jtpu Kl;il> fly;
czTfs;> ,iwr;rp vd;gtw;wpYk; Gujk; cz;L.

cq;fs; jl;by; Gujk; kpFe;j czT tiffs; fhy;gq;F mstpw;F

cs;slf;fg;gLtJ njhlu;gpy; mf;fiw fhl;Lq;fs;> mg;NghJjhd;
ePq;fs; rpwe;j tsu;r;rp> Neha; vjpu;g;Gj;jd;ik cs;stuhf
tpsq;FtPu;fs;.

ghw;nghUl;fs;
ghy;> japu;> ntz;nza;> Nahf;fl; Nghd;wit ghw;nghUl;fs; tiffs;
MFk;. Ritahdit khj;jpuk; my;y cly; MNuhf;fpaj;jpw;F
Kf;fpakhditAk; jhd;. nfhOg;G> rPdp msTfs; Fiwthf cs;s
ghw;nghUl;fis cl;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

mjhtJ filfspy; nfhOg;G> rPdp Mfpatw;wpd; msTfs;

FiwthfTs;s Nahf;fl;> rP]; vd;gtw;iwf; nfhs;tdT nra;Aq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 6

 E}w;r;
rpj;jpuk;

7 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

nghJthf E}ypid mjhtJ ,ioapidg; gad;gLj;jp tz;zkakhd Milfs; ijf;f
KbAk;. ghit/nghk;ikfs; nra;aKbAk; vd;gij ePq;fs; mwptPu;fs;> Mdhy;
E}ypidg; gad;gLj;jp rpj;jpuk; tiuaKbAk; vd;gJ cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? fz;fisf;
ftUk; E}w;r;rpj;jpuq;fis cUthf;FNthk;.

Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1
Kjypy; cq;fs; Nkiriaj; jahu;gLj;jpf;
nfhs;Sq;fs;.
mjhtJ ePq;fs;
ifNtiy
nra;tjw;fhfg;
ngapd;b];bf;]; my;yJ gad;gLj;jTs;s
tz;zg;G+r;Rfs; ,lj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;
iffspy; gl;lhYk; ,yFthf
fOtpafw;wf; $bajhfTs;s NtW nghUl;fis
tz;zg;G+r;Rfs;
mg;Gwg;gLj;jptpl;L
xU Ngg;gu;
my;yJ Nkirr;rPiy xd;iw tpupj;J
mjpy; Njitahd nghUl;fis vLj;J
itj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. if Jilg;gjw;fhd
xU JzpiaAk; mUfpy; itj;jpUq;fs;.
E}w;; Jz;Lfs; my;yJ
jbg;ghd E}y;

2
T+y; E}y; Nghd;w jbg;ghd E}ypy; vOkhwhd
tpjj;jpy; ntt;NtW ePsq;fisf; nfhz;l
A4 jhs; E}w;; Jz;Lfis ntl;b vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

3
xU A4 jhis vLj;J ,uz;lhf kbj;J
cl;gFjpapDs; ntl;ba E}w;;Jz;Lfis
ghk;Gfs; Nghy mjpf tisTfs; nfhz;ljhf
xOq;FgLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 8

 4
rpy E}w;Jz;Lfis Vidatw;Wld; njhLifAwhjthWk; kw;iwa
rpy E}w;Jz;Lfis Vidatw;Wld; njhLifAWk; tifapYk;
xOq;FgLj;jpf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

5
E}w;; Jz;Lfis xOq;FgLj;Jk; NghJ xt;nthU Jz;Lfspd; xU
Edpg;gFjp ntspNa ePl;bathW ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. jw;NghJ E}w; Jz;Lfs;
cs;s gFjpapy; tz;zg;G+r;Rfspd; rpygy Jspfis rpW fuz;biag;
gad;gLj;jpg; gutyhf ,Lq;fs;.

6
A4 jhis kbj;Jtpl;L xU ifapdhy; A4 jhis
mOj;jkhfg; gpbj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

7
kw;iwa ifapdhy; ntspNa js;spf;nfhz;bUf;Fk;
E}w;Jz;Lfspd; Edpg;gFjpfisg; gpbj;J nkJ
nkJthf ntspNa ,Oq;fs;.

8
kbj;j A4 jhis tpupj;Jg; ghUq;fs;.

cq;fs; E}w;r;rpj;jpuk; jahu;.

9 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

Kiw 02 - E}y;fSf;F tz;zk; Nru;f;Fk; tpjj;jpid khw;wpg;
ghu;g;Nghk;.

1
A4 jhspid ,uz;lhf kbj;J
nfhs;Sq;fs;> ntt;NtW ePsj;jpy; E}w;;
Jz;LfisAk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

2
E}w;j; Jz;Lfis A4 jhspy; xOq;FgLj;j
Kd;du; jdpahf vLj;J xt;nthU tz;zg;
G+r;Rf;fspYk; xt;nthU Jz;Lfisj; Njha;j;J
vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

3
,dp toikNghy xOq;FgLj;jptpl;L jhis
kbj;Jg; gpbj;jthW Edpg; gFjpia ,Oj;J E}w;
rpj;jpuj;ij cUthf;Fq;fs;.

,uz;L KiwfspD}lhf ePq;fs; cUthf;fpa E}w;rpj;jpuj;ij

Gifg;glk; vLj;J vq;fSld; gfpu;e;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
xU E}ypy; xd;Wf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l tz;zq;fs;
,Uf;FkhWk; G+r;Rf;fspy; Njha;j;J vLj;J Kaw;rpj;Jg;
ghUq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 10

 Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;
» NtWtpjkhd jhs;fspy;> tz;zj; jhs;fspy;
E}w;r;rpj;jpuq;fis Kaw;rpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;.

» ngad;;l;b];bf;];>tz;zf;fl;bfs;(Colour Chalks)
Nghd;w ntt;NtW tpjkhd tz;zg;G+r;Rfisg;
gad;gLj;jp nra;JghUq;fs;.

G+r;Rf;fs; E}ypy; gutyile;jpUf;Fk; jd;ik> G+r;Rf;fspd; cyu;tilAk; jd;ik>

E}ypd; jd;ik vd;gd E}y;r;rpj;jpug; gilg;igr; rhj;jpakhf;Ffpd;wd. ,t;thwhd
gilg;Gf;fs; l;uhf; ngapd;bq;(Drag Painting) vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.

njupAkh?
cyfpy; ngupastpyhd l;uhf; ngapd;bq; (Drag Painting)
gilg;Gfspy; fapWfs; jhd; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd vd;gij
mwptPu;fsh!

11 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 cq;fspd;
,ufrpaf; FwpaPL

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 12

vq;fl mk;khtpd; guk;giuapy vy;yhUf;FNk ePskhd jiyKb> “

vd;Ndhl mg;ghitg;NghyNt vd;Ndhl mz;zhTk; ey;y cauk;

,g;gbahd fijfisf; Nfl;bUg;gPu;fs; my;yth! ,e;j ,ay;Gfs; guk;giu guk;giuahf

vg;gbf; flj;jg;gLfpd;wd vdr; rpe;jpj;J ghu;j;Js;sPu;fsh?

2024 Mk; Mz;Lf; fzf;nfLg;gpd; gb cyfj;jpy; fpl;lj;jl;l 8 gpy;ypad; kf;fs;

tho;fpd;whu;fs;. xt;nthUtupd; iftpuy; milahsq;fSk; (finger print) NtWgl;lit.
iftpuy; milahsk; xt;nthUtUf;Fk;
jdpj;JtkhdJ. mJ vg;gbr; rhj;jpak;?

,e;j ,uz;L Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; gjpy; DNA - Deoxyribo

Nucleic Acid (cr;rupg;G: dee-ok-see-ri-bo new-klee-
ik acid) bxf;rpiuNgh epAf;fpspf; mkpyk; vDk;
%yf;$W jhd;.

vkJ clypy; rpy fyq;fisj; jtpu;j;J Vida

fyq;fspd; fUg;gFjpapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. guk;giu
,ay;Gfis re;jjpf;Fr; re;jjp flj;JtJld;
iftpuy; milahsk; Nghd;w jdpj;Jtkhd
,ay;GfisAk; epu;tfpf;fpd;wd.

ePq;fs; tl;lk;> Kf;Nfhzk;> mWNfhzk; vdg; gy;NtW tbtq;fisg; gw;wp

mwpe;jpUg;gPu;fs;> DNA ,d; tbtk; vd;d vd;gij mwptPu;fsh?

DNA ,d; tbtk; ,ul;ilr; RUs; tbtk;(Double Helix Structure) MFk;. ,yFthfr;
nrhy;tjhdhy; xU Vzpia vLj;J mJ ghk;G Nghy tise;jpUg;gjhff; fUjyhk;.
Vzpapd; ,Ugf;ff; fk;gpfs; Nghy DNA ,y; ,uz;L ,iofs; fhzg;gLk;. Vzpapd;
FWf;fhd gbfs; Nghy ,uz;L ,iofSf;Fk; ,ilNa tYthd gpizg;Gf;fs;
fhzg;gLk;.

,e;jg; gpizg;Gf;fis cUthf;Ftjpy; ehd;F tpjkhd iejurd; %yq;fs;

mjhtJ iejurd; cs;s fhur; Nru;itfs; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;fpd;wd. mitahtd
mbdpd;(Adenine);> irl;Nlhrpd;(Cytosine)> Fthdpd;(Guanine) kw;Wk; ijkpd;(Thymine).

,it mtw;wpd; Mq;fpy Kjy; vOj;Jf;fs;

%yk; RUf;fkhff; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;lg;gLfpd;wd.
gpizg;ig cUthf;Ftjpy; epge;jidfs;
cs;sd.

13 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

mjhtJ xU ,ioapYs;s A-mbdpd; %yf;$W kw;iwa ,ioapYs;s T-ijkpd;
%yf;$Wld; jhd; ,ize;Jnfhs;Sk;. mNjNghy C-irl;Nlhrpd; %yf;$W kw;iwa
,ioapYs;s G-Fthdpd; %yf;$w;Wld; ,ize;J nfhs;Sk;

,q;F Fwpj;Jf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s tz;zq;fs;

%yf;$WfSf;fhd cz;ikahd tz;zq;fs; my;y>
NtWghl;ilf; fhl;Ltjw;fhfNt gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1
Kjypy; khjpup
tupg;glj;ij gpujp
vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

khjpup tupg;glk; -
Gj;jfj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; jug;gl;Ls;sJ.

2
glj;jpy;
fhl;lg;gLs;sthW
tyJgf;f %iyapy; A,
fj;jupf;Nfhy; G, C, T Mfpa ehd;F
iejurd; %yq;fis
tpUg;gkhd njhlu;
xOq;fpy; ,Wjpg; ngl;btiuf; Fwpj;Jf;
nfhs;Sq;fs;.

tz;zg;ngd;rpy;fs;/
Ngidfs;

3
ePq;fs; Fwpj;Js;s iejurd; %yq;fSf;Fr; Nrhbahf mika Ntz;ba
iejurd; %yq;fis FWf;fhfTs;s ngl;bapy; vOJq;fs;. glj;ij ed;F
mtjhdpj;J rupahd ,lj;jpy; rupahd Nrhbia vOJq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 14

 4
1> 2> 3> 4 vd ,yf;fq;fs; ,lg;gLs;s
,lq;fis xt;nthU ,yf;fq;fSf;Fk;
xt;nthU tz;zk; vd;w tpjj;jpy; ehd;F
tpjkhd tz;zq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp tz;zk;
jPl;Lq;fs;.

5
jw;NghJ cq;fSila khjpup tupg;glj;ij
vJTNk mr;rplg;glhJ cs;s kWgf;fkhf
jpUg;gp ,uz;lhf kbj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

6
mLj;jjhf KjyhtJ rpW nrt;tfj;ij
kbj;Jg; gpd; mjidj; jsu;tilar; nra;J
gpd; ,uz;lhk; nrt;tfj;ij kbj;Jg; gpd;
mjid jsu;tilar; nra;Aq;fs;. ,NjNghy
KOg; gFjpiaAk; kbj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
kbg;Gfs; mOj;jkhdjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;

7
khjpup tupg;glj;ij kWGwkhfj;
jpUg;gp me;j rpW nrt;tfq;fspd;
%iytpl;lkhf tiuag;gl;Ls;s
FWf;Ff; NfhLfspd; topahf NkNy $wpa
Kiwiag; gad;gLj;jp kbAq;fs;.

15 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 8
vOj;Jf;fs; cs;s gFjp fPo;Nehf;fp
,Uf;FkhW kbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

9
,g;NghJ xU tisthd Njhw;wj;ij
cq;fs; mikg;Gg; ngw;Ws;sij mtjhdpf;f
KbAk;.

10
xU ifapdhy; DNA mikg;ig RUsr;
nra;J NkypUe;J fPo; Nehf;fp nkJthf
neUf;Ftjd; %yk; RUz;l jl;ilahd
mikg;ig ngwKbAk;.

,Wjpahf jl;ilahf cs;s gFjpapd; Edpia

nky;y ,Of;Fk; NghJ ,ul;ilr; RUs;
mikg;Gs;s DNA tbtk; jahuhfptpLk;.

ePq;fs; cUthf;fpa DNA ,id

Gifg;glk; vLj;J vq;fSld;
gfpu;e;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 16

 Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;
1. DNA %yf;$iwf; fz;lwpe;j tpQ;Qhdp ePq;fshf
,Ue;jhy; DNA ,Dila tbtj;jpw;F ,ul;ilr; RUsp
mikg;G “vd;gjw;Fg; gjpyhf NtW vd;d ngau;
toq;fp ,Ug;gPu;fs;?

2. ePq;fs; ,ul;ilr; RUsp tbtj;ijj; jtpu;j;J Gjpa

tif DNA tbtj;ij cUthf;Ftjw;F KbAkhdhy;
ve;j tbtj;ijj; Nju;e;njLg;gPu;fs;> Vd;?

3. ePq;fs; cq;fs; DNA ,d; xU gFjpia khw;wp Gjpa

jpwidg; ngw Kbe;jhy;> vd;d jpwidg; ngw tpUk;Gfpd;wPu;fs;?

4. tpQ;Qhdpfs; DNA ,y; juitr; Nrkpg;gjw;fhd Kiwiaf; fw;Wf;

nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. ePq;fs; vjpu;fhyj;jpw;F mDg;Gtjw;fhf DNA ,y;
ve;j nra;jpiar;
Nrkpg;gPu;fs;?

,ufrpaf; FwpaPLk; tbtikg;Gk;

vkJ cliy xU fzpdp vd;W epidj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. fzpdpapy;
vt;thW 0> 1 vd;gtw;iwg; gad;gLj;jp nra;epuyhf;fq;fs; (programmes)
FwpKiwahf;fk;(coding) nra;ag;gl;L nraw;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wdNth mNjNghy DNA
,Ys;s A-mbdpd;> C-irl;Nlhrpd;> G-Fthdpd; kw;Wk; T-ijkpd; Mfpatw;wpd; njhlu;
xOq;Ffs; %yk; xt;nthU tpjkhd nraw;ghLfSf;fhd FwpKiwahf;fk;(coding)
tbikf;fg;gLfpwJ.

cjhuzkhf> caukhf tsu;tjw;fhd nrad;Kiwiag; ghu;j;jhy; ePq;fs; ed;whfg;

Guj czTf; $Wfis cl;nfhs;Sk; NghJk;> clw;gapw;rp nra;Ak; NghJk;
tsu;r;rpf;Fupa XNkhd; mjpfsT Ruf;fg;gLk;. ,jd; tpisthf jirfs;> vd;Gf;
fyq;fspd; DNA ,Ys;s tsu;r;rpf;fhd [Pd;(gene) mjhtJ FwpKiwahf;fg; (coding)
gFjp gpujp nra;ag;gLk;. gpd;du; Gujj; njhFg;gpid epfo;j;Jk; gFjpf;F jfty; vLj;Jr;
nry;yg;gl;L nraw;gLj;jg;gLk;. mjhtJ> DNA ,id rikay; Fwpg;Gfs; epiwe;j
Gj;jfk; vd;W $wyhk;. Njitg;gLk; Ntisapy; Fwpj;j tif czT jahupg;gjw;fhd
gbKiwfs; gpujp nra;ag;gl;L rikay; epfOk; ,lj;jpw;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gLk; vdyhk;.

njupAkh?
vkJ clw;fyq;fs; kpfr; rpwpa gUkd; cs;sit> ntw;Wf;
fz;fSf;Fg; Gyg;glhjit. mt;thwhd xU fyj;jpYs;s
RUshf;fg;gl;Ls;s DNAd; ePsk; 2m MFk;.
mjhtJ ntWk; xU fyj;jpYs;s DNA vq;fis tpl ePskhdJ.

17 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 Row;ge;jpd;
Rthurpak;

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 18

 Row;ge;J(Spin ball - ];gpd; Nghy;) vd;gijg; gw;wpf; Nfs;tpg;gl;Ls;sPu;fsh?
fpupf;fl; tpisahl;by; fsepiyikia khw;wf;$ba ge;J tPr;Rtiffspy; Row;ge;J
Kf;fpakhdJ. tpsf;fkhf mwpe;J nfhs;Nthk;.

Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1
glj;jpy;
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sthW
(one day cups) td;
Nl fg; ,uz;bid
vLj;J mtw;wpd;
mbg;gFjpia
td; Nl fg; - 02 ,izj;J xl;Lk;
ehlhtpdhy;
xl;bf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

xl;Lk; ehlh
2
xU ,Oit ehlhtpid (Rubber band
- ug;gu; ghz;L) vLj;J mjDs; kw;iwa
,Oit ehlhtpidf; FWf;fhfg;
cl;GFj;jp Kjy; vLj;j ,Oitehlhtpd;
Nkw;gFjpia ,uz;lhtJ ,Oit ehlhtpd;
eLg;gFjpapDlhf nrYj;jp ntspNa vLg;gjd;
,Oit ehlhf;fs; %yk; ehlhf;fis xd;Wld; xd;W ,izf;f
KbAk;.
30 cm
ePskhd rq;fpypaikg;ig
cUthf;Ftjw;F Vw;w msT.

3
,t;thW (Rubber bands - ug;gu; ghz;Lfs;)
,Oit ehlhf;fis xd;wpd; gpd; xd;whf
,izj;J> mit ,Oitf;F cl;glhj
epiyapy; fpl;lj;jl;l 30 cm ePsj;jpy;
,Uf;Fk; tifapy; Neuhd rq;fpypia
cUthf;Fq;fs;.

19 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 4
,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s fg;fspd; eLg;gFjpapy;
,Oit ehlhf;fspd; rq;fpypia Nru;j;J
ngUtpuypdhy; gpbj;j tz;zk; nky;ypa
,Oitapy; ,Uf;Fk; tifapy;
Rw;wpf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

5
glj;jpy; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sthW XusT
ePsj;jpy; vQ;rpapUf;Fk; ,Oit ehlhf;fspd;
rq;fpypia Kd;Ndhf;fp ,Oj;Jg; gpbAq;fs;.
mNjNtis kw;iwa ifapdhy; fg; gFjpia
gpbj;jpUq;fs;.

6
jw;NghJ gwg;gjw;F jauhf ,Uf;Fk; fg;gpid tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. fg;
gwf;Fk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ,Oit ehlhf;fspd; rq;fpyp cq;fs; iffspy; ,Uf;Fk;.

Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;

1. fg; gwf;Fk; NghJ vt;thwhd ,af;fq;fis
ntspf;fhl;baJ?

2. fg; gwf;Fk; tpjj;ijf; Nfhl;bd; topahf Fwpj;Jf;

fhl;Lq;fs;.

3. ,Oit ehlhf;fspd; rq;fpypapd; ePsj;ijf;

Fiwj;J nraw;ghl;il kPsTk; nra;J ghUq;fs;.
vd;d epfo;fpwJ?

4. ntt;NtW jpirfis Nehf;fp ,e;j nraw;ghl;il

nra;JghUq;fs;. vd;d epfo;fpwJ?

5.cq;fis Mr;rupag;gLj;jpa tplak; vd;d?

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 20

xspe;jpUf;Fk; Rthurpak;
cq;fSila fg; gwf;Fk; re;ju;g;gq;fis ed;F mtjhdpAq;fs;. tpy;ypy; ,Ue;J mk;G
Gwg;gLk; NghJk; ,Oit nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,q;Fk; ,Oit gpuNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
Mdhy; mk;gpd; ghij ,yf;if Nehf;fp Neuhd ghijahf ,Uf;Fk;.

fg; gazpj;j tpjk; tise;j ghijahf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,jw;F fhuzk; ,Oit

nfhLf;fg;gl;l tpjk; mjhtJ ehk; fg; ,id ,Oit ehlhf;fspd; rq;fpypahy;
Rw;wp ,Ue;Njhk;. ,jdhy; gwf;ftplg;gLk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ,Oit ehlhf;fspd; Rw;W
jsu;tile;J fg; ,id Royr; nra;fpwJ.

rup> ,e;j Row;rpf;Fk; Row;ge;jpd; Rthurpaj;jpw;Fk;

vd;d njhlu;G cs;sJ vd;W jhNd epidf;fpd;wPu;fs;!
,t;thW nghUshdJ Royr; nra;j tz;zk; vwpag;gLk;
NghJ nghUspd; ghij tisthdjhf mikAk;.
,jdhy; fpupf;fl; tpisahl;by; JLg;ghl;lf;fhuupdhy;
jd;id Nehf;fptUk; ge;jpd; epiyia rupahf fzpf;f
Kbahky; jLkhWthu;. ,jd; %yk; kw;w mzpf;F
epiyik rhjfkhf khWk;. ,Jjhd; Row;ge;jpd;
gpd;dzpapYs;s tpQ;Qhdk;. ,e;j tpisT kf;d];
tpisT (Magnus effect) vdg;gLfpwJ.

tspapy; ge;J Row;rpAld; ,aq;Fk; NghJ mjidr;

RoTs;s tspg; gilia ghjpf;fpwJ. ge;J tyQ;Ropahf
Roy;fpwJ vdTk; fhw;wpd; jpir ,lkpUe;J tyk;
Nehf;fp cs;sJ vdTk; vz;zpdhy; ge;jpdhy; NkYs;s tspahdJ tspapd;
,af;fj;jpirapNyNa tpiria mDgtpf;Fk;> vdNt tspaKf;fk; mjpfkhf mikAk;.
mNjNtisapy; ge;jpd; fPOs;s tspahdJ vjpu;j;jpirapy; tpiria mDgtpf;Fk;>
tspaKf;fk; FiwthFk;. ,e;j mKf;f NtWghL tisthd ghijapy; ge;jpid
gazpf;fr; nra;fpwJ.
kf;d]; tpisT(Magnus effect) tspapy; khj;jpuk; my;yhJ jputq;fspYk; rhj;jpakhdJ
MFk;.

fpupf;fl;> fhw;ge;J> Nkirg;ge;J Nghd;w tpisahl;Lf;fspy; ,e;j tplaj;ijg;

gad;gLj;jp Ml;lj;ij R+Lgpbf;fr; nra;ayhk;.

21 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 fzpjf;
Nfhyq;fs;

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 22

fzpjk; vd;wTld; vd;ndd;d tplaq;fs; epidTf;F tUfpd;wd ,yf;fq;fs;>
(a+b)2 vd;w Nfj;jpu fzpj rkd;ghLfs;> Njw;wq;fs;..

vg;NghjhtJ Nfhyq;fs; epidtpy; te;Js;sjh? Nfhyq;fs; $l fzpjk; jhd;>

mJTk; rhjhuzkhd Nfhyq;fs; my;y Kbtpy;yhj Nfhyq;fs;

Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1
ePq;fs; vLj;j gpsh];bf;
/fz;zhbg;gFjpfs;
glj;jpy;
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sthW
J}a;ikahf> CLGftplf;
Xusthd fz;zhbg; $ba tifapy; ,Ug;gij
gFjpfs; my;yJ gpsh];bf; cWjp nra;Aq;fs;.
gFjpfs;
xsp CLGf tplf;$ba mjhtJ ve;j epwg;
gpd;dzpfSk; ,y;yhj Nrhlhg; Nghj;jypy;
ntl;ba gFjp/gpsh];bf; %bfs;/ CD %bfs;
vd;gtw;iwg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.
2
xU fz;zhb/gpsh];bf;
gFjpapd; kj;jpapy; girapd;
rpW Jspia ,Lq;fs;.

gir

3
kw;iwa gFjpia nkJthf gir ,lg;gl;l
Jz;bd; Nky; girj;Jsp tpyfhjthWk; ,uz;L
gFjpfspd; eLg;gFjpapYk; girj;Jsp njhLifapy;
,Uf;FkhW itAq;fs;.

4
jw;NghJ girj;Jsp cs;s gFjpia cq;fs;
ngUtpuypdhy; mOj;Jq;fs;.

23 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 5
nkJthf fz;zhb/gpsh];bf; gFjpfis Ntwhf
vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

6
girj;Jsp gutyile;J cUthf;fp ,Uf;Fk; Nfhyj;ij mtjhdpAq;fs;.

girj;Jsp Nghy jbg;ghd> epwKs;s jputq;fshd Ngdh ik> tz;zg; G+r;R

Nghd;wtw;iwAk; gad;gLj;jp xU jlitf;F gjpyhf ,uz;L %d;W
jlitfs; ngUtpuyhy; mOj;jp Kaw;rpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;.

,iyfs; Nghd;w NtW nghUl;fspidg; gad;gLj;jp nrad;Kiwia

Kaw;rpj;Jg; ghUq;fs;.

Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;

1. gir jtpu NtW jputq;fisg; (Ngdh ik>

tz;zg;G+r;R) gad;gLj;jpdhy; vd;d elf;Fk;? xNu
,lj;jpy; ,uz;L girj; Jspfis Nru;j;J mOj;jpdhy;
vd;d elf;fpwJ?

2. ,iyfs; my;yJ NtW nghUl;fs; %yk;

cUthf;fg;gl;l Nfhyq;fspid girf; Nfhyq;fSld;
xg;gpLq;fs;.

3. Nfhyq;fspy; mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLk; tbtq;fs; vit?

4. xt;nthU Nfhyj;jpYk; ve;j ,lq;fspy; mjpf ePskhd NfhLfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd?

5. ePq;fs; ,aw;ifapy; ,t;thwhd Nfhyq;fisg; ghu;j;Js;sPu;fsh? vq;F?

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 24

,f; fzpjf; Nfhyj;jpd; gpd;dzp
,t;thwhd tbtq;fis ehk; gFty;(Fractals - gpuf;ly;];)
vd;Nghk;. ,J xU tiff; fzpjg; gz;Gfs; nfhz;l
xU tbtk; my;yJ Njhw;wk; MFk;. gFty;fspd;
rpwg;G vd;dntd;why; mtw;iwj; gpupj;Jg; ghu;j;jhNyh
ngupjhf;fpg; ghu;j;jhNyh rpwpjhf;fpg; ghu;j;jhNyh mtw;wpd;
fzpjg; gz;GfSk; Njhw;wKk; xd;WNghyNt mikAk;.
mjhtJ mit jd; xg;Gik gz;G nfhz;lit.

,e;j nraw;ghl;by; cUthf;fg;gLk; tbtq;fSf;F

xj;j tbtq;fis ehk; ngUk;ghYk; ,aw;ifapy;
mtjhdpf;fyhk;. ngUk;ghYk; kuf;fpisfs; my;yJ
Ntu; mikg;Gfs;> Mw;Wf; fopKfk;(River Deltas) my;yJ
kpd;dy;(Lightning bolt) vd;gtw;wpy; ePq;fs; mtjhdpf;fyhk;>
,it midj;Jk; ,aw;ifapy; cs;s gFty; tbtq;fspd;
rpwe;j vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs;. Nkfq;fs;> flw;fiufs;>
n[ypkPd;> gtsg;ghiwfs; kw;Wk; EiuaPuypy; cs;s ,uj;j
ehsq;fs; Mfpait NkYk; rpy cjhuzq;fs; MFk;.

fPNo cs;s Gifg;glq;fs; ,aw;ifahd gFty; tbtj;jpd;

cjhuzq;fisf; fhl;LfpwJ> xU ejpapd; fpis.
Jiz ejpfspy; ,Ue;J ePu; xU ika ePNuhl;lj;jpy;
ghAk; NghJ my;yJ xU gpujhd ghijapypUe;J gy
fpisfSf;Fs; ghAk; NghJ cUthFk; tbtj;jpw;F ,J
nghJthdJ.

,J Nghd;w ,aw;ifapy; ePq;fs;

mtjhdpf;Fk; Nfhyq;fis
vq;fSf;F Gifg;glq;fs; vLj;J
mDg;Gq;fs;.

25 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 tPl;by;
NjdPf;fsh?

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 26

,e;jr; nrad;Kiwiar; nra;J Kbj;jJk; cq;fs; maytu;fs; cq;fsplk;
Nfl;fg;Nghfpd;w Nfs;tp cq;fs; tPl;by; NjdPf;fs; mjpfkhf cs;sdth?
vd;gJjhd;.

Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1
glj;jpy; fhl;bathW
,Ugf;fj;jpYk; ,Ue;J rpW
,ilntsp tpl;L I];fwPk;
Fr;rpapd; vQ;rpa ePsj;jpw;F
Vw;g fljhrpapid vLj;Jf;
nfhs;Sq;fs;.
I];fpwPk; Fr;rp

2
fljhrpapd; eLg;gFjpapy;
fhfpjk; I];fpwPk; Fr;rpia
itj;J fljhrpia
,uz;lhf kbj;J I];fpwPk;
Fr;rpAld; ];nlg;su; %yk;
,izj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
];nlg;su;

3
I];fwPk; Fr;rpfspd;
E}y; ,Ugf;fj;jpYk; fljhrp
,y;yhj ,lj;jpy; mNj
msthd I];fpwPk;
Fr;rpapid ntl;b
xl;bf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
,Oit ehlh (,wg;gu;
ghz;l;)
XusT ePskhdJ> jbg;ghdJ
tpUk;gj;jf;fJ. 4
,Wjpahf fpl;lj;jl;l 60cm
ePskhd E}ypid vLj;J
I];fpwPk; Fr;rpapd; xU
gFjpapy; fl;bf;
nfhs;Sq;fs;.
E}ypd; Kbr;rpDs; ,Oit
ehlh mfg;glhky; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.

27 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 5
E}ypd; kw;iwa Edpiag; gpbj;J mikg;ig Row;Wtjd;
%yk; cq;fs; NjdP jahuhfp uPq;fhukpLtijf;
Nfl;f KbAk;.

(nrad;Kiwia nra;J ghu;f;Fk; ,lk; E}ypidr; Royr;

nra;tjw;F Vw;wjhf> njhe;juTfs; ,y;yhj ntspahf
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;)

Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;

1. ePq;fs; E}ypid Ntfkhf Row;Wk; NghJk;>
nkJthf Row;Wk; NghJk; vd;d epfo;fpd;wd?

2. jbg;ghd ,Oit ehlhtpw;F gjpyhf nky;ypa ehlh

gad;gLj;Jk; NghJ vd;d epfOk;?

3. ehk; gad;gLj;jpa fljhrp tisAk; NghJ my;yJ

kbAk; NghJ mikg;G vt;thW khw;wkilfpd;wJ?

4. Fiwe;j ePsKs;s E}ypidg; gad;gLj;jpdhy; ahJ epfOk;?

5. mop ,wg;gu; %bfSf;Fg; gjpyhf fpNs(clay) ,id cUl;bg;gad;gLj;jpg; ghUq;fs;

mtjhdk; vd;d?

Xirapd; gpd;dzp
kpfTk; ,yFthd tplak; ez;gu;fNs! xU fk;gj;jpy; Vw;wg;gl;Ls;s nfhb fhw;W
tPRk; NghJ xU tpjkhd rj;jj;Jld; mirAk; my;yth! mNjNghy ,t;tikg;ghdJ
Royr; nra;ag;gLk; NghJ ,jpYs;s ,Oit ehlh tspapy; mjpu;fpd;wJ. ,e;j
mjpu;tiyfshy; cUthFk; rj;jj;ij ehk; gad;gLj;jpa fljhrp ngupjhf;Ffpd;wJ.

,J taypd;> fpl;lhu; fUtpfspy; je;jpfs; mjpu;tjdhy; xyp cUthFk; tpjj;jpid

xj;jJ.

,e;j mikg;Gr; rupahd tpjj;jpy; njhopw;gltpy;iynadpy; mjw;Ff; fhuzk; xUNtis

,Oit ehlh KWf;fg;gl;bUf;fyhk; my;yJ E}Yld; njhLifapy; ,Uf;fyhk;>
,Oit ehlh RahjPdkhf ,Ug;gij cWjp nra;Aq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 28

 rhfr
tpisahl;L

29 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

jpf;.. jpf;.. jpf;..
rup vd;Dila fij Kbag;NghFJ> ,J Njitjhdh? vd vd; kdk; Gyk;gpaJ.
mjw;Fk; Nkyhf vd; ,jaj;Jbg;gpd; rj;jk; vd; fhJfis milj;jJ. if
fhy;fSld; vd; gw;fs; $l eLeLq;fpd. vdf;F khj;jpuk; kio nga;tJ NghyNt
cly; KOJk; tpau;j;J tpWtpWj;jJ. fz;fis ,Wf %bf;nfhz;L ,dkj
Ngjkpd;wp vy;yhf; flTisAk; vd;idf; fhg;ghw;wp fiu Nru;f;FkhW Jizf;F
mioj;Njd;.

mLj;j nehb ehd; mku;e;jpUe;j Mrdk; nky;y nky;y miraj; njhlq;fpaJ.

mllh ,d;Dk; Ntfkhf mire;jJ mt;tsTjhd; ,g;NghJ ehd; 50 mb cauj;jpy;
,Ue;J fPNo tpog;NghfpNwd;. vd; clypy; ,Ue;j gyj;ij vy;yhk; xd;W jpul;b
ngUk; $f;Fuypl;Nld;> gadpy;iy. Kd;dij tpl Ntfkhf ,Oj;Jr;nry;yg;gl;Nld;.
rLjpahff; fPNo te;JNru;e;Njd;> njhlu;e;J Neuhd ghijapy; jhd; gazpf;fg;
NghfpNwhk; vd;W MWjyila Kjy; mLj;jLj;jjhf ,lJ kw;Wk; tyJgf;f
tisTfs;.

cliy tpl;L capu; J}f;fp

vwpag;gLtJ Nghy ,Ue;jJ.
,ilapilNa jz;lthsj;jpd;
fpuPr; fpuPr; vd;w rj;jq;fs;
NtW> cile;JtpLNkh ehd;
tpOe;J tpLNtNdh vd;w
mr;rk; vdf;F> kPz;Lk; xU
caukhd gFjpia nkJthf
mile;Njd;. %r;R tpLtjw;Fs;
kPz;Lk; fPo; Nehf;fp flTNs..
Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; vd;W
mywpNdd;. jpLf;fpl;Lg; Nghd
mk;kh vd;idj; jl;b vOg;gpdhu;. mg;NghJjhd; Gupe;jJ ehd; fz;lJ fdT vd;Wk;>
,e;jf; fdTf;Ff; fhuzk; New;W TV ,y; ghu;j;j Nuhyu; Nfh];lu; (Roller Coaster)
vd;Wk;> Nuhyu; Nfh];lu; vd;gJ ehk; G+q;fhf;fspy; tpisahLk; Fjpiur; rthup>
rWf;F tpisahl;L> rPNrh(seesaw) ,itnay;yhk; Nru;e;jJ Nghy kiy cr;rp Nghd;w
caukhd gFjpapy; ,Ue;J jz;lthsq;fs; %yk; mikf;fg;gl;l tisTfs;> Fd;Wfs;>
Fiffs; Mfpa tbtikg;Gfisf; nfhz;l ghijapy; rpW Mrdq;fspy; gazk;
nra;fpd;w tpisahl;L. gaKk; Ntbf;ifAk; fye;j xU Rthurpakhd tpisahl;L.

ehKk; Nuhyu; Nfh];lu;(Roller Coaster) xd;iw cUthf;fpg; ghu;g;Nghkh?

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 30

 xU ngupa tplaj;ij nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;Lkhdhy;
Njitahd nghUl;fs;C

C
G

mjpy; mlq;Ffpd;w rpd;dr; rpd;d tplaq;fis Kjypy;

A
T G
rupahf xOq;fikj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.me;j
tifapy; xl;Lnkhj;jkhf Nuhyu; Nfh];liu (Roller
C C

A
T G Coaster) cUthf;Ftjw;F mjDila rpW gFjpfisj;
C
Jy;ypakhf tbtikf;f Ntz;Lk; mg;NghJjhd;
T
A G

C cWjpahd Nuhyu; Nfh];liu cUthf;f KbAk;.

T
khjpup tupg;glk;
A G

C
Nuhyu; Nfh];liu cUthf;Ftjw;fhf
T

rpy tupg;glq;fs; Njitg;gLfpd;wd.

,it Gj;jfj;jpd; ,Wjpg; gf;fq;fspy; 1
jug;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;iwg; gpujp
vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs; my;yJ Kjyhtjhf Nuhyu; Nfh];lu; (Roller Coaster)
mjpYs;s mstpilfisg; gad;gLj;jp cUthf;Ftjw;fhf Gj;jfj;jpd; ,Wjpg;
tupg;glq;fis tiue;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
gf;fq;fspy; jug;gl;Ls;s khjpup tupg;glq;fis
gpujp vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs; my;yJ mtw;wpYs;s
mstpilfisg; gad;gLj;jp tupg;glq;fis
tiue;J nfhs;sTk; KbAk;.

jbg;ghd fhl;Nghl;
(cardboard) kl;il
,J Nuhyu; Nfh];liuf;(Roller Coaster)
fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;fhd mbj;jskhfg; 2 Neuhd Jz;lj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s:
gad;gLk;.

fj;jupf;Nfhy;

2.1
khgps;fs; jug;gl;Ls;s khjpuptupg;glq;fspy; Neuhd
khgps;fs; jhd; ehk; cUthf;Fk; Jz;lj;jpw;Fupa tupg;glj;ij khj;jpuk; Ntwhf
Nuhyu; Nfh];lupy; (Roller Coaster)
gazk; nra;ag;Nghfpd;wd. vLj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. ,J 7.5cm mfyKk;
20cm ePsKk; cs;sJ. 2.5cm ,ilntspapy;
Gs;spf;NfhLfshy; 3 nrt;tfg; gFjpfshfg;
gpupf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

xl;Lk; ehlh
2.2
khjpup tupg;glj;jpy; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sg; Gs;spf;
Nfhl;bd; topahf kbg;gjd; %yk; ngl;b Nghd;w
mikg;ig cUthf;fpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

gir
31 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)
 3 epiyf;Fj;Jj;jsj;jpy; rha;thd> Fif tbtg; ghijfisg; ngw:

3.1
rha;thd ghijf;fhd khjpup tupg;glj;ij vLj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. ,J 7.5cm
mfyKk; 20cm ePsKk; cs;sJ. 2.5cm ,ilntspapy; Gs;spf;NfhLfshy;
3 nrt;tfg; gFjpfshfg; gpupf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. eLg;gFjp jtpu;e;j ,uz;L
nrt;tfq;fspYk; 2.5cm ,ilntspapy; jbj;j rpW NfhLfs; fhzg;gLk;.

3.2
jbj;j rpWNfhLfs; topNa ntl;Ltjd; %yk; rpW rJuq;fs; mbj;jsj;jpy;
khj;jpuk; ,izf;fg;gl;bUg;gijg; Nghyf; fhzyhk;.

3.3
me;j rpWrJuq;fis mtw;wpd; mbj;jskhd Gs;spf;Nfhl;bd; topahf kbAq;fs;.

3.4
jw;NghJ Njitahd tpjj;jpy; tisj;J rha;thd ghijfis> Fif
tbtKs;s ghijfis cUthf;Fq;fs;.

3.5
cq;fs; ez;gupd; cjtpAld; xl;Lk; ehlhthy; xl;bf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. ,jd; %yk;
ntl;lg;gl;l rJug;gFjpfs; rpy ,lq;fspy; neUf;fkhfTk; rpy ,lq;fspy;
,ilntsp mjpfkhfTk; fhzg;gl;lhYk; mikg;G cWjpahfg; Ngzg;gLk;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 32

3.6
ePskhd kiyg; ghijiag; ngw tpUk;gpdhy; ,NjNghy Nkyjpfkhd khjpupfis
cUthf;fp ,izj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

4 fpilj;jsj;jpy; tisthd ghijia cUthf;f:

4.1
,e;j khjpup tupg;glj;jpy; rke;jukhd ,uz;L Gs;spf;NfhLfs; fhzg;gLk;.
xUgf;fj;jpy; 2.5cm ,ilntspfspy; 5cm ePskhd jbj;j NfhLfs;
tiuag;gl;bUf;Fk;.

4.2
Gs;spf;Nfhl;bd; topahf kbAq;fs;. gpd;du; jbj;j NfhLfs; topahf ntl;Lq;fs;.

4.3
ntl;lg;gl;l gFjpfis neUf;fkhf ,izg;gjd; %yk; C tbtKs;s tisit
cUthf;f KbAk;.

4.4
cUthf;fpa gFjpia cWjpahfg; NgZtjw;F xl;Lk; ehlhtpdhy; xl;Lq;fs;.

33 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 5 jhq;fpia cUthf;Fjy;:
,Jtiuapy; vkJ Nuhyu;
Nfh];liu tbtikg;gjw;Fj;
Njitahd ntt;NtW
ghijfisg;gw;wpg;
ghu;j;jpUe;Njhk;. ,Wjpf;
fl;lkhf> Nuhyu; Nfh];liu
epiyepWj;jj; Njitahd
jhq;fpia cUthf;FNthk;.

5.1
6.25cm mfyKk;> 20cm ePsKk; nfhz;l khjpuptupg;glj;j;jpy; 1.25cm ,ilntspapy;
Gs;spf;NfhLfs; fhzg;gLtJld; me;jf; NfhLfspd; njhlf;fj;jpy; 2.5cm
ePsj;jpy; jbj;j NfhLfSk; fhzg;gLk;.

5.2
2.5cm ePsj;jpy; cs;s jbj;j Nfhl;bd; topNa ntl;Lq;fs;.

5.3
Gs;spf;Nfhl;bd; topahf kbg;gjd; %yk; fdTU xd;iw cUthf;Ftjw;fhd
gf;fq;fisg; ngwKbAk;. mjpy; Ie;jhtjhf cs;s gf;fj;jpy; giriag; G+rp
kw;iwa gf;fj;Jld; xl;Ltjd; %yk; fdTUit cUthf;fyhk;.

5.4
fdTUtpd; mbg;gFjpapy; tprpwpfs; Nghy ePl;lg;gbUf;Fk; ehd;F gFjpfisAk;
fhl;Nghl; kl;ilapd; kPJ itj;J xl;Lk; ehlhtpdhy; cWjpahf xl;Lq;fs;.

5.5
fdTUtpd; mbg;gFjpapy; tprpwpfs; Nghy ePl;lg;gbUf;Fk; ehd;F gFjpfisAk;
fhl;Nghl; kl;ilapd; kPJ itj;J xl;Lk; ehlhtpdhy; cWjpahf xl;Lq;fs;.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 34

ftdj;jpy; nfhs;Sq;fs;
1. khjpuptupg;glj;jpYs;s Gdy; tbtg; ghij> gbKiwfspy; $wg;gl;Ls;s Neuhd
ghij Nghd;wit jug;gl;Ls;s Nuhyu; Nfh];lu;(Roller Coaster) glj;jpy;
fhl;lg;gltpy;iy. mt;thwhd ghijfisAk; cq;fs; tpUg;gj;jpw;Nfw;g gad;gLj;jp
cq;fSila Nuhyu; Nfh];lu;(Roller Coaster) vg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vdj;
jpl;lkpLq;fs;. mjid cq;fSf;F tpsq;Fk;
tifapy; xU jhspy; tiue;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.

2. Nuhyu; Nfh];lupd; Muk;gg; ghij caukhd

gFjpapypUe;J njhlq;Ftjhf mika Ntz;Lk;.

3. xt;nthU ghijfspd; mfyg; gFjpfs; xj;jjhfTk;

ePsg; gFjpfs; Njitf;Nfw;g khWtjhfTk;
fhzg;gLk;. ghijfis ,izf;Fk; NghJ xU
ghijapd; Kbtpy; kw;iwa ghij njhlq;Ftjhf
njhlu;r;rpahf xl;Lq;fs;.

Muha;r;rpahsuhf khWtjw;fhd Neuk;

1. ePq;fs; Nuhyu; Nfh];lupy; gad;gLj;jpa ghijfspd;
tiffisAk; xt;nthU tifahd ghijfspd;
vz;zpf;ifiaAk; Fwpg;gpLq;fs;?

2. vj;jid ghijfis khgps; ntw;wpfukhff; fle;jJ?

khgps; VNjDk; gFjpapy; ,ilepd;wjh? mjw;fhd fhuzk;
vd;dthf ,Uf;fyhk;?

3. khgpspd; xl;Lnkhj;jg;gazk; tpiuthdjhfth

my;yJ nkJthdjhfth mike;jpUe;jJ?

4. ,e;j Nuhyu; Nfh];lu;(Roller Coaster) gazj;jpy; cq;fSf;Fg; gpbj;jpUe;j tplaq;fs;

vit?

5. cq;fSf;F Vw;gl;l rthy;fs; vit? mtw;iw vt;thW rkhspj;jPu;fs;?

35 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

,g;gbr; nra;jhy; vd;d ?
,ilg;gl;l gFjpapy;> Muk;gj;jhdj;ij tpl caukhd kiyj;njhlu; Nghd;w gFjpia
cUthf;Fq;fs;. Vw;fdNt jahupj;j gFjpia rw;W cau;j;jpg; gpbg;gjd; %yNkh
my;yJ caukhd ghijia eLg;gFjpapy; ,izg;gjd; %yNkh ,J rhj;jpakhFk;.
jw;NghJ..
1. toikNghy Muk;gj;jhdj;jpypUe;J tpLtjd;
%yk; khgpspd; gazj;jpw;F vd;d epfo;fpwJ vd;W
mtjhdpj;J vOJq;fs;.

2. Gjpa caukhd gFjpapy; ,Ue;J tpLtjd; %yk;

khgpspd; gazj;jpw;F vd;d epfo;fpwJ vd;W
mtjhdpj;J vOJq;fs;.

Nuhyu; Nfh];lupd; Muk;gj;jhdk; cau;thfTk; njhlu;e;J

tUk; ghijfs; xg;gkhdjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ
khgps;fs; ve;jj;jilAkpd;wp gazk; nra;fpd;wd.
mj;Jld; Muk;gj; jhdNk cauk; $ba gFjpahff;
fhzg;gLk; Vidait mjid tpl cauk; Fiwe;j rpWkiyj;njhlu;fshfNt ,Uf;Fk;.

,q;F ftdpf;f Ntz;ba tplak; vd;dntdpy; khgpspd; nkhj;jg; gazj;jpw;Fkhd

rf;jp vq;fpUe;J fpilf;fpwJ? ehk; Nkhl;lhu; vjidAk; nghUj;jtpy;iyNa!

Nuhyu; Nfh];lupd; ,af;fj;jpd; gpd;dzp

mg;gbnad;why; mj;jid ngupa Nuhyu; Nfh];lupy; vg;gb rhfrg;gazk; rhj;jpakhfpwJ?

vy;yhk; rf;jpf;fhg;Gj; jj;Jtj;jpdhy;jhd;> mjhtJ rf;jpia Mf;fNth mopf;f

KbahJ> ,J xU tbtj;jpypUe;J ,d;ndhU tbtj;jpw;F khwf;$baJ.,q;F
nry;thf;F nrYj;Jk; rf;jptbtq;fs; mOj;j rf;jpAk; ,af;f rf;jpAk; MFk;. mOj;j
rf;jp vd;gJ xU nghUs; epykl;lj;jpypUe;J vt;tsT cauj;jpy; cs;sNjh me;j
cauk; fhuzkhf nghUspy; Nrkpf;fg;gLs;s rf;jpahFk;.

,af;f rf;jp vd;gJ nghUs; ,aq;Fk; NghJ nfhz;bUf;Fk; rf;jpahFk;.

mjhtJ Nuhyu; Nfh];lupy; Muk;gg; gFjp kpf caukhf ,Ug;gjdhy; mjpfkhd

mOj;j rf;jpiaf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. fPNo nry;y nry;y Nrkpf;fg;gl;Ls;s mOj;j rf;jp
,af;f rf;jpahf khw;wkilfpwJ. mLj;j cr;rpg;gFjpia milAk; NghJ Ntfj;ij
,oe;J mjhtJ ,af;f rf;jpia ,oe;J kPz;Lk; mOj;j rf;jpiag; ngWfpwJ.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 36

,e;j njhlu;r;rpahd rf;jpkhw;wNk Rthurpakhd rhfr tpisahl;il rhj;jpakhf;FfpwJ.
nkhj;jg; gazj;jpw;fhd rf;jpAk; Nuhyu; Nfh];lupd; Muk;gj;jhdj;jpd; cauj;ijg;
nghWj;jJ. ,ileLtpy; mijtpl mjpf caukhd gFjpfs; ,Ug;gpd; khgpspd;
,af;fk; jilg;gl;L tpLk;> Vnddpy; me;j cauj;ij miltjw;fhd rf;jp
Muk;gj;jpy; cs;s rf;jpia tpl mjpfk; vd;gjhy; MFk;. Muk;g cauj;jpw;F xj;j
cauj;jpy; xU ghijia ,ileLtpy; cUthf;fpdhy; vd;d epfOk; mg;NghJk;
,af;fk; jilg;gLfpwJ> fhuzk; rf;jp ,og;G Vw;gLfpwJ mjhtJ gazpf;Fk; NghJ
tspapdhyhd jil tpirf;F vjpuhfj; njhopw;gLtjw;F rf;jp ,of;fg;gLk;> NkYk;
jz;lthsq;fSld; ,Uf;iffs; NkhJk; NghJ rf;jp ntg;gkhf> xypr; rf;jpahf
,of;fg;gLfpwJ. vdNt ghijfs; cuha;Tfs; ,d;wp xg;gkhdjhfTk; kiyj;njhlu;
Nghd;w ghijfspd; cauk; njhlu;e;J Fiwtile;J nry;tjhfTk; nghJthf Nuhyu;
Nfh];lu; tbtikf;fg;gLfpwJ.

ug;gu; ghz;l;(Rubber band) mjhtJ ,Oit ehlhtpy;

Nrkpf;fg;gl;Ls;s rf;jp <u;itapyhd mOj;j rf;jpahFk;>
mJ kPs;jd;ikAld;(Elasticity) njhlu;Ggl;lJ. Nuhyu;
Nfh];lupy (Roller Coaster); gq;fspg;gJ GtpaPu;g;gpdhyhd
mOj;j rf;jpahFk;. ,J Kf;fpakhf GtpaPu;g;G Mu;KLfy;>
epy kl;lj;jpypUe;jhd cauk; vd;gtw;wpy; jq;fpapUf;Fk;.

cq;fsplk; fljhrpj;jhs;fSf;Fg; gjpyhf igg;(pipe) tiffs;

,Ue;jhy; mjidg;gad;gLj;jpAk; Nuhyu; Nfh];liu(Roller
Coaster) tbtikf;fyhk;.

37 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 fiyr;nrhw;fs;
rhg;gpLtjw;F kwe;JtplhjPu;fs;!

Jupj czTfs; Fast foods

E}y;r; rpj;jpuk;

tz;zf;fl;bfs; Colour Chalks

l;uhf; ngapd;bq;- xUtif E}y;

kw;Wk; ,iofis itj;J ,Oj;J Drag painting
tiuag;gLk; rpj;jpu tif

cq;fspd; ,ufrpaf; FwpaPL

if Nuif Colour Chalks

,ul;ilr; RUs; tbtk; Double Helix Structure

mbdpd; Adenine

irl;Nlhrpd; Cytosine

Fthdpd; Guanine

ijkpd; Thymine

nra;epuyhf;fk; Programming

FwpKiwahf;fk; Coding

kugZ Gene

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 38

 Roy; ge;jpd; Rthurpak;

,Oit ehlh Rubber Band

kf;d]; tpisT Magnus Effect

fzpjf; Nfhyk;

gFty; Rubber Band

Mw;Wf; fopKfk; Magnus Effect

kpd;dy;f; fPw;Wf;fs; Lightning Bolt

rhfr tpisahl;L

Nuhyu; Nfh];lu; Roller Coaster

rPNrh See-Saw

njhiyf;fhl;rp Television(TV)

39 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 C G

A
T G

C C

A
T G

C
T
A G

C
T

A G

C
T

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025) 40

41 Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)
 rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw
fpilj;js> tisthd>HILL/LOOP
jbj;j NfhLfsp
Cut along
d; topthe
Na solid
ntl;llines ,ilntsp
Tk;> and cs;
then fold s NfhLfs;
along topNa
the dashed kbf;fTk;
lines.

rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw
fpilj;js> tisthd>HILL/LOOP

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw

HILL/LOOP
Science Buddies – Paper Roller Coaster Template – sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster
43
fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw
HILL/LOOP
jbj;j NfhLfspd; topNa ntl;lTk;> ,ilntsp cs;s NfhLfs; topNa kbf;fTk;
Cut along the solid lines and then fold along the dashed lines.

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw

HILL/LOOP

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw

HILL/LOOP
Science Buddies – Paper Roller Coaster Template – sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster

Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw
HILL/LOOP
jbj;j NfhLfspd; topNa ntl;lTk;> ,ilntsp cs;s NfhLfs; topNa kbf;fTk;
Cut along the solid lines and then fold along the dashed lines.

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025)

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw
HILL/LOOP

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw

HILL/LOOP
Science Buddies – Paper Roller Coaster Template – sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster

44
45
fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw
HILL/LOOP
jbj;j NfhLfspd; topNa ntl;lTk;> ,ilntsp cs;s NfhLfs; topNa kbf;fTk;
Cut along the solid lines and then fold along the dashed lines.

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw

HILL/LOOP

fpilj;js> tisthd> rha;thd ghijfisg;ngw

HILL/LOOP
Science Buddies – Paper Roller Coaster Template – sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster

Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

 jhq;fp
SUPPORT
jbj;j NfhLfsp
Cut along
d; the Na ntl;
topsolid linesland ,ilntsp
Tk;>then fold alongcs;
the s NfhLfs;
dashed lines. topNa kbf;fTk;

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025)

jhq; fp
SUPPORT

jhq; fp
SUPPORT

Science Buddies – Paper Roller Coaster Template – sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster

46
47
SUPPORT
jbj;j NfhLfsp
Cutdalong
; topthe
Na solid
ntl;lines
lTk;and then fold along
> ,ilntsp cs;s dashed lines.
theNfhLfs; topNa kbf;fTk;

jhq; fp
SUPPORT

jhq; fp
SUPPORT

Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

Science Buddies – Paper Roller Coaster Template – sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster
 Fif tbtg;
ghijfisg;
FUNNEL ngw

jbj; j NfhLfsp
Cut along the dark
dsolid a ntl;
; topNlines thenbtape
g; gpthe Nru;j
d; two tabs xl;lTk;
;J together

Gjpa gazq;fs; - epiy 1 gazk; 4(2025)

Science Buddies
Paper Roller Coaster Template

48
sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster
49
tbtg;
FifFUNNEL NfhLfsp
jbj;jCut along the
d; dark a ntl;
topNsolid bg;
lines
ghijfisg;ngw then
gpdtape
; Nru;the xl;
j;Jtwo lTk;
tabs together

Fif tbtg;
ghijfisg;
FUNNEL ngw

Science Buddies
Paper Roller Coaster Template

Gjpa gazq;fs; - gazk; 04(2025)

sbgo.org/paper-roller-coaster
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