1 Working with Straight Lines

1. The point (5, −2) lies on which of the following lines?

Line A: y = x + 7 Line B: y = −3x + 13 Line C: y = 4x − 18
Line D: y = −2x − 8 Line E: y = 2x − 12
Check by substituting x = 5 and y = −2 into each equation.

2. Write down where each of these lines crosses the y-axis (the y-intercept):
(a) y = 2x + 3 (b) y = 7x + 1 (c) y = 3x − 2 (d) y = x − 5
(e) y = 2x (f ) y = −4x + 6 (g) y = −5x − 3 (h) y = −3x
(i) y = 34 x + 25 (j) y = − 23 x − 21
Identify the constant term in each equation. That’s your y-intercept!

3. Write down the equation of the lines below:

(a) A line with gradient 2 and y-intercept −1.

(b) A line with gradient −4 and y-intercept 3.
(c) A line with gradient 8 and y-intercept 4.

4. Determine if these points lie on the given lines:

(a) (2, 5) on y = 3x − 1?
(b) (4, 1) on y = 3x + 1?
(c) (3, 1) on y = x − 3?
(d) (5, 7) on y = −3x + 22?
Follow-up: Do the lines y = 3x + 1 and 4x − 2y + 3 = 0 have the same gradient? Rewrite
both in y = mx + c form and compare.

5. Find the equation of each line below, using the two given points:

(a) Through A(0, 5) and B(3, 11).

(b) Through A(0, 3) and B(2, 17).
(c) Through A(0, −1) and B(5, 9).

6. Find the equation of the straight line passing through each pair of points:

(a) (0, 3) and (4, 19), (b) (0, 2) and (6, 20), (c) (0, 0) and (1, 4),
(d) (0, −9) and (9, 0), (e) (0, −6) and (7, 8), (f ) (−8, −10) and (0, 14).

7. Lexi claims the line in the figure has equation y = −2x + 8. Explain why this is
incorrect.

y
10
8
6
4
2
0 x
-3 -1 1 3
-2
-4

1
 8. Find the equation of each line in the grids below.

y
8 y
7 8
6
y 7
8
5 6
7
4 5
6
3 4
5
2 3
4
1 2
3
0 x 1
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2
-1 0 x
1 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-2 -1
0 x
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -2
-1
-2
(a) (b) (c)
y
8
y y
8 8
7
7 7
6
6 6
5
5 5
4
4 4
3
3 3
2
2 2
1
1 1
0 x
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 x 0 x
-1 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-1 -1
-2
-2 -2
(d) (e) (f)

9. Find the equation of each line below:

y
18
B
17
16
15
14
y 13
12 12 y
B
11 11 10
B
10 10 9
9 9 8
8 8 7
7 7 6
6 6 5
A
5 5 4
4 4 3
A
3 3 2
2 2 1
1 1 0 x
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 x 0 x -1
-1 0 1 2 3 4 -1 0 1 2 3 A
-1 -1 -2
(a) (b) (c)