Scribd
Upload
19 views3 pages

NASA (National Aeronautics and Spac

The document outlines the history and achievements of India's space program, initiated by ISRO in 1962, following the global space race between the USA and Soviet Union. Key milestones include the launch of India's first satellite Aryabhata in 1975, the successful Chandrayaan-1 lunar mission in 2008, and the Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) in 2013, which made India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit. Upcoming missions include Shukrayaan-1 to Venus, Aditya L1 to study the Sun, and Chandrayaan-3 for further lunar exploration, alongside the planned Gaganyaan manned mission.

Uploaded by

V. G Nandan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views3 pages

NASA (National Aeronautics and Spac

The document outlines the history and achievements of India's space program, initiated by ISRO in 1962, following the global space race between the USA and Soviet Union. Key milestones include the launch of India's first satellite Aryabhata in 1975, the successful Chandrayaan-1 lunar mission in 2008, and the Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) in 2013, which made India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit. Upcoming missions include Shukrayaan-1 to Venus, Aditya L1 to study the Sun, and Chandrayaan-3 for further lunar exploration, alongside the planned Gaganyaan manned mission.

Uploaded by

V. G Nandan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

German Aerospace Center (DLR)


Brazilian Space Agency (Agência Espacial Brasileira or AEB
Netherlands Space Office (NSO)

After 2nd world war united states and soviet union were emerged as 2 superpowers.
That was the time of coldwar.Both countries developing nuclear powers. This was the
time when both countries developing intercontinental ballistic missiles. From
Russia to soviet union or vice versa. It is to deliver nuclear wepons from 1
continent to other continent. So it is easy to launch attacks from space than
earth. Both nations launched artificial satellite programs.

1957
Sputnik – worlds first artificial satellite (Soviet union)
After 1 month sputnik -2 with dog lika

1958
Usa launched their 1st artificial satellite explorer-1

Great drastic improvement in space technology.


This gives motivation to Vikram sarabhai an Indian scientist. He convinced Indian
pm nehru. India needs to have a space program. So this is how happens birth of
ISRO. in 1962

1962, Initial name incospar. Indian national comitte for space research. Indian pm
set up this and sarabhai becomes first chairman. We call him father of Indian space
program.

Initial days very limited infrastructure

In 1963 incospar launched their first rocket. Sounding rocket, It was launched to
study electrons in earth atmosphere. It was supplied by NASA. They got experience,
learning they launched their first sounding rocket rohini in 1967.

1969 incospar renamed to ISRO.

1975 aunched their first artificial satellite Aryabhata. Named after astronomer,
mathematician.

It was launched on 19 April 1975 by the Soviet Union with a Cosmos-3M launch
vehicle from Kapustin Yar. Aryabhata weighed 360 kg and was placed in a near-
circular orbit at an altitude of 563 km above Earth's surface. The satellite
carried experiments related to X-ray astronomy, solar physics, and aeronomy.

In 1983 india launched insat satellite with help of NASA.(Indian national satellite
system.)
Use: communication through radio waves.
Television broadcast.

Give warning during natural disaster times.

INSAT satellites provide services like direct-to-home (DTH) television,


telemedicine, tele-education, disaster warning, and satellite-based navigation.

Chandrayaan - 1

Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar probe.


A lunar probe is a type of spacecraft designed to study and explore the Moon. It is
specifically designed to be sent into orbit around the Moon or to land on its
surface.

It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 2008 with the
aim of mapping the lunar surface and discovering the presence of water on the Moon.
The mission was successful in detecting water on the Moon and providing valuable
data on the lunar surface.

Mangalayaan

Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also known as Mangalyaan, is India's first


interplanetary mission launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in
2013. The mission was launched with the objective of studying Mars' surface
features, morphology, mineralogy, and atmosphere using indigenous technologies. The
spacecraft was placed in Mars' orbit in September 2014, making India the first
Asian nation to reach Mars orbit and the first nation in the world to do so on its
maiden attempt.

The mission has provided several important scientific findings, such as the
discovery of methane in the Martian atmosphere, which could be a sign of microbial
life or geological activity.

In 2013 mars orbiter mission – Indian became first country to enter mars in 1 singe
try. (mission mangal)
4th country to enter mars.
Cost – $74 mil

Upcoming Missions

Shukrayaan-1 (2024)

Shukrayaan-1 is ISRO's upcoming mission to Venus, planned for launch in 2024. The
spacecraft will carry several scientific instruments, including a thermal camera, a
mass spectrometer, and a synthetic aperture radar.
The mission aims to study the Venusian surface, atmosphere, and environment to
understand its geological history, volcanic activity, and potential for
habitability. The mission will also search for signs of past or present microbial
life on the planet.

Aditya L1
Aditya L1 is a planned mission by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to
study the Sun. It is named after the Hindu sun god, Aditya. The mission is
scheduled to be launched in mid of 2023.

The main objective of the Aditya L1 mission is to study the solar corona, which is
the outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere. The corona is of great scientific
interest because it is much hotter than the surface of the Sun itself, and its
behavior is intimately linked to the Sun's magnetic field.

The Aditya L1 spacecraft will be placed in a special orbit around the Sun-Earth
about 1.5 million kilometers from Earth

The Aditya L1 mission is expected to make significant contributions to our


understanding of the Sun and its effects on Earth's environment, particularly in
the fields of space weather and climate.

*Chandrayaan-3*

Chandrayaan-3 is a planned lunar mission by the Indian Space Research Organisation


(ISRO) to follow up on the previous Chandrayaan-1 and Chandrayaan-2 missions. The
main objective of the Chandrayaan-3 mission is to demonstrate the ability to land a
spacecraft softly on the Moon's surface and to conduct scientific experiments.

The Chandrayaan-3 mission was initially planned for launch in 2020 but was delayed
due to technical challenges and the COVID-19 pandemic. The current launch date has
not been announced yet, but ISRO has stated that it is expected to be launched in
the mid 2023s.

The Chandrayaan-3 mission is expected to contribute significantly to our


understanding of the Moon's geology, mineralogy, and water resources.

Gaganyaan

very imp – 1st manned mission of ISRO. ISRO hasn’t sent humana to space. Planned on
3 man group, can stay in space for 5-7 days, 400 km above earth.
If this mission becomes successful india will become 4th country to send astronauts
to lower earth orbit with its own capacity.- Only 3 countries has down before, USA,
Russia, CHaina
Gaganyan 1 &2 will be unmanned mission, 3 will be manned mission.

You might also like