Tutorials and Assignments for

Numerical methods in chemical engineering

(3140510)

B.E. Semester-4 (Chemical)

Directorate of Technical Education, Gandhinagar,

Gujarat
 Government Engineering College, Bhuj
Chemical Engineering Department
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ___________________________________
Enrollment No. _______________ of B.E. Semester 4 Chemical
Engineering of this Institute (GTU Code: 031) has satisfactorily
completed the Tutorial work for the subject Numerical Methods in
Chemical Engineering (3140510) for the academic year 2024-25.

Place: __________
Date: __________

Name and Sign of Faculty member

Head of the Department

Numerical methods in chemical engineering (3140510)

Preface

Numerical Methods for Chemical Engineers emphasizes the derivation of a

variety of numerical methods and their application to the solution of
engineering problems, with special attention to problems in the chemical
engineering field. These algorithms encompass linear and nonlinear algebraic
equations, Eigen value problems, finite difference methods, interpolation,
differentiation and integration, ordinary differential equations, boundary value
problems, partial differential equations, and linear and nonlinear regression
analysis. MATLAB is adopted as the calculation environment throughout the
course because of its ability to perform all the calculations in matrix form, its
large library of built-in functions, its strong structural language, and its rich
graphical visualization tools. Through this book, students and other users will
learn about the basic features, advantages and disadvantages of various
numerical methods, learn and practice many useful m-files developed for
different numerical methods in addition to the MATLAB built-in solvers,
develop and set up mathematical models for problems commonly encountered
in chemical engineering, and solve chemical engineering related problems
through examples and after-chapter problems with MATLAB by creating
application m-files.
 Numerical methods in chemical engineering (3140510)

Tutorial – Course Outcome matrix

Course Outcomes (COs):

CO-1: Demonstrate how numerical methods are used to obtain approximate solutions to complex
mathematical problems
CO-2: Relate engineering data for fitting curves and evaluate the accuracy of common numerical methods
CO-3: Select appropriate numerical methods, to solve algebraic and transcendental equations and simultaneous
linear equations and ordinary differential equations
CO-4: Apply appropriate method to solve finite differences, interpolation, numerical differentiation and
numerical integration problems

Sr.
Tutorial CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4
No.
Approximation and error in
1 √
computation
Solution of algebraic and
2 √
transcendental equation
3 Solution of linear equations √

4 Curve fitting √

5 Finite difference & interpolation √

Numerical differentiation and
6 √
integration
7 Ordinary differential equation √

Sr.
Assignment CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4
No.
1 Assignment-1 √

2 Assignment-2 √

3 Assignment-3 √

4 Assignment-4 √
 Index
(Progressive Assessment Sheet)
Sign. of
Page Date of Date of Assessment
Sr. No. Tutorial Name Teacher Remarks
No. start End Marks
with date
1 Approximation and error in computation

2 Solution of algebraic and transcendental equation

3 Solution of linear equations
4 Curve fitting
5 Finite difference & interpolation
6 Numerical differentiation and integration
7 Ordinary differential equation

Sign. of
Page Date of Date of Assessment
Sr. No. Assignment Teacher Remarks
No. start End Marks
with date
1 Assignment-1
2 Assignment-2

3 Assignment-3

4 Assignment-4
 TUTORIAL – 1
APPROXIMATION AND ERROR IN COMPUTATION

1. Round off the following numbers correct to four significant figures:

3.26425,35.46735,4985561,0.70035,0.00032217,18.265101.
2. Round off the number 75462 to four significant digits and then calculate the absolute
error and percentage error.
3. If 0.333 is the approximate value of 1/3, find the absolute and relative errors.
4. Find the percentage error if 625.483 is approximated to three significant figures.
5. Find the relative error in taking π =3.141593 as 22/7.
6. The height of an observation tower was estimated to be 47 m,whereas its actual height
was 45 m. Calculate the percentage relative error in the measurement.
7. Suppose that you have a task of measuring the lengths of a bridge and a rivet,and
comeup with 9999 and 9 cm, respectively. If the true values are 10,000 and 10 cm
respectively,compute the percentage relative error in each case.
8. Find the value of ex using series expansion one x=1+x+x²/2!+x³/3!+.. for x=0.5. with
an absolute error less than 0.005.
9. √29=5.385 and √π =3.317 corrected to 4 significant figures. Find the relative errors in
their sum and difference.
10. Given : a=9.00±0.05,
b=0.0356±0.0002,
c=15300±100,
d=62000±500.
Find the maximum value of absolute error in a +b +c + d.
11. Two numbers are 3.5 and 47.279 both of which are correct to the significant figures
given.Find their product.
12. Find the absolute error and the relative error in the product of 432.8 and 0.12584
using four digit mantissa.
13. The discharge Q over a notch for head H is calculated by the formula
Q =k(H)^5/2 where k is given constant. If the head is 75 cm and an error of 0.15 cm
is possible in its measurement, estimate the percentage error in computing the
discharge.
14. If the number p is correct to 3 significant digits, what will be the maximum relative
error?
 Tutorial – 2
Solution of algebraic and transcendental equation

1. Find the roots of the following equations, using the bisection method correct to three
decimal places :
i. 𝑥3 − 𝑥 − 1 = 0
ii. 𝑥3 − 𝑥2 − 1 = 0
iii. 2𝑥3 + 𝑥2 − 20𝑥 + 12 = 0
iv. 𝑥4 − 𝑥 − 10 = 0

2. Evaluate a real root of the following equation by bisection method :

i. 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = 0
ii. 𝑒−𝑥 − 𝑥 = 0
iii. 𝑒 𝑥 = 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥

3. Find the real root of the following equation correct to three decimal places, by the method
of false position :
i. 𝑥3 − 5𝑥 + 1 = 0
ii. 𝑥3 − 4𝑥 − 9 = 0
iii. 𝑥6 − 𝑥4 − 𝑥3 − 1 = 0

4. Using Regula falsi method, compute the real root of the following equations correct to
three decimal places:
i. 𝑥𝑒𝑥 = 2
ii. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 1
iii. 𝑥𝑒𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
iv. 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 = −1
v. 2𝑥 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 = 7
vi. 3𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥

5. Find the fourth root of 12 correct to three decimal places by interpolation method.

6. Locate the root of (𝑥) = 𝑥10 − 1 = 0, between 0 and 1.3 using bisection method and
method of false position. Comment on which method is preferable.

7. Find a root of the following equations correct to three decimal places by

the secant method :
i. 𝑥3 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 7 = 0
ii. 𝑥 − 𝑒−𝑥 = 0
iii. 𝑥 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝑥 = 1.9

8. Use the iteration method to find a root of the equations to four decimal places :
i. 𝑥3 − 𝑥2 − 100 = 0
ii. 𝑥3 − 9𝑥 + 1 = 0
1
iii. 𝑥 = + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
2
iv. 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥
v. 𝑒 𝑥 − 3𝑥 = 0
vi. 2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 3 = 0 which lies between (−3, −2).
9. Evaluate √30 by (1) secant method (ii) iteration method correct to four decimal places.

10. Find by Newton-Raphson method, a root of the following equations correct to 3 decimal
places:
i. 𝑥3 − 3𝑥 + 1 = 0
ii. 𝑥3 − 2𝑥 − 5 = 0
iii. 𝑥3 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0
iv. 3𝑥3 − 9𝑥2 + 8 = 0

11. Using Newton's iterative method, find a root of the following equations correct to 4
decimal places:
i. 𝑥4 + 𝑥3 − 7𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 5 = 0
ii. 𝑥5 − 5𝑥2 + 3 = 0

12. Find the negative root of the equation 𝑥3 − 21𝑥 + 3500 = 0 correct to 2 decimal placesby
Newton's method.

13. Using Newton-Raphson method, find a root of the following equations

correct to 3 decimal.
i. 𝑥2 + 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 0
ii. 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + 1 = 0
iii. 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥3 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 25𝑥 which is near 4.5
iv. 𝑥 𝑙𝑜𝑔10𝑥 = 12.34, start with 𝑥0 = 10
v. cos 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒𝑥
vi. 10𝑥 + 𝑥 − 4 = 0
1
14. the equation 2𝑒−𝑥 = 1
+ 𝑥+1 has two roots greater than −1. Calculate these roots
𝑥+2
correct to five decimal places.

15. The bacteria concentration in a reservoir varies as 𝐶 = 4𝑒−2𝑡 + 𝑒−0.1𝑡 Using Newton
Raphson method, calculate the time required for the bacteria concentration to be 0.5.

16. Use Newton's method to find the smallest root of the equation 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑥 = 1 to four places
of decimal.

17. The current 𝑖 in an electric circuit is given by 𝑖 = 10𝑒−𝑡 sin 2𝜋𝑡 where 𝑡 is in seconds.
Using Newton's method, find the value of 𝑡 correct to 3 decimal places for 𝑖 = 2 amp

18. Find the iterative formulae for finding √𝑁, 3√𝑁 where 𝑁 is a real number, using Newton-
Raphson formula.
Hence evaluate:(a) √15 (b) √21 (c) √17 to three places of decimal.

19. Develop an algorithm using newton Raphson method to find the fourth root of a positive
number N.
Hence find 4√32.
 Tutorial – 3
Solution of linear equations
 Solve the following equations by matrix inversion method :-
1) x + y + z = 3; x + 2y + 3z = 4; x + 4y + 9z = 6
2) 2x1 + x2 + 2x3 + x4 = 6; 4x1 + 3x2 + 3x3 - 3x4 = -1; 6x1 - 6x2 + 6x3 + 12x4 = 36; 2x1 + 2x2 -
x3 + x4 = 10;
3) 3x - y + 2z = 12; x + 2y + 3z = 11; 2x - 2y - z = 2
4) 2x - y + 3z = 9; x + y + z = 6; x - y + z = 2

 Solve the following equations by Gauss - Jordan method :-

5) 2x + 5y + 7z = 52; 2x + y - z = 0; x + y + z = 9
6) 10x + y + z = 12; 2x + 10y + z = 13; x + y + 5z = 7

7) Solve by Jacobi’s method, the equations :

5x - y + z = 10; 2x + 4y = 12; x + y + 5z = -1, starting with the solution (2,3,0).
8) Solve by Jacobi’s method, the equations :
13x + 5y - 3z + u = 18; 2x + 12y + z - 4u= 13; x - 4y + 10z + u = 29; 2x + y - 3z + 9u = 31

 Solve the following equations by Gauss – Seidal method :-

9) 4x + 2y + z = 14; x + 5y - z = 10; x + y + 8z = 20
10) 28x + 4y - z = 32; x + 3y + 10z = 24; 2x + 17y + 4z = 35
11) Find the latent roots and latent vectors of the matrices :-
2 0 1 −2 2 −3
𝑎) [0 2 0] b) [ 2 1 −6]
1 0 2 −1 −2 0
6 −2 2 2 1 1
𝑐) [−2 3 −1] d) [1 2 1]
2 −1 3 0 0 1
12) Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, find the inverse of
1 2 3 7 1 3
𝑎) [2 −1 4 ] b) [6 1 4]
3 1 −1 2 4 8
2 −1 1
𝑐) [−1 2 −1]
1 −1 2
13) Find the largest Eigen value and the corresponding Eigen vector of the matrices:-
1 3 −1 1 −3 2
𝑎) [ 3 2 4 ] b) [4 4 −1]
−1 4 10 6 3 5
25 1 2
𝑐) [ 1 3 0 ] taking (1,0,0)T as initial Eigen vector.
2 0 −4
 TUTORIAL – 4
Curve fitting
1. If p is the pull required to lift the weight by means of a pulley block, find a linear law
of the form p = a + bw, connecting p and w, using the following data:
w(lb): 50 70 100 120
p(lb): 12 15 21 25
Compute p, when w = 150 lb.
2. Convert the following equations to their linear forms:
(i) y = ax + bx2 (ii) y = b/[x(x-a)]

3. The following values of T and l follow the law T = aln . Test if this is so and find the
best values of a and n.
T= 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
l= 25 56.2 100 1.56

4. Fit the curve y = aebx to the following data:

x: 0 2 4
y: 5.1 10 31.1

5. By the method of least squares, find the straight line that best fits the following data:
x: 1 2 3 4 5
y: 14 27 40 55 68

6. In some determinations of the value u of carbon dioxide dissolved in a given volume

of water at different temperatures ϴ, the following pairs of values were obtained:
ϴ= 0 5 10 15
ν = 1.80 1.45 1.18 1.00
Obtain by the method of least squares, a relation of the form u = a + bϴ which best
. fits to these observations.

7. A simply supported beam carries a concentrated load P(lb) at its mid-point.

Corresponding to various values of P, the maximum deflection Y (in) is measured.
The data are given below:
P: 100 120 140 160 180 200
Y: 0.45 0.55 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.85
Find a law of the form Y= a+bp.

8. The result of measurement of electric resistance R of a copper bar at various

temperatures t° C are listed below:
t: 19 25 30 36 40 45 50
R: 76 77 79 80 82 83 85

If R= a+bt, find a and b.

9. Estimate y at x = 2.25 by fitting the indifference curve of the form xy = Ax+ B to the
following data:
x: 1 2 3 4
y: 3 1.5 6 7.5

10. Fit a least square geometric curve y = axb to the following data:
x: 1 2 3 4 5
y: 0.5 2 4.5 8 12.5

11. Predict y at x = 3.75, by fitting a power curve y = axb to the given data:
x: 1 2 3 4 5 6
y: 2.98 4.26 5.21 6.10 6.80 7.50
 TUTORIAL – 5
Finite difference & interpolation

1. Express x3- 2x2 + x -1 into factorial polynomial . Hence show that Δ4f(x) = 0.
2. Express 3x4- 4x3 + 6x2 + 2x +1 as a factorial polynomial and find differences of all
orders.
3. Find the first and second difference of x4- 6x3 + 11x2- 5x + 8 with h = 1. Show that the
fourth difference is constant.
4. Obtain the function whose first difference is ( i ) 2x3 + 3x2- 5x +4. ( ii ) x4 – 5x3 + 3x + 4.
5. Show that Δ[x (x + 1) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) = 4 ( x + 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ).
6. Using Newton’s forward formula , find the value of f( 1.6 ), if
x : 1 1.4 1.8 2.2
f(x) : 3.49 4.82 5.96 6.5
7. From the following table, find y when x = 1.85 and 2.4 by Newton’s interpolation
formula :
x : 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3
y = ex : 5.474 6.050 6.686 7.389 8.166 9.025 9.974
8. Express the value of θ interns of x using the following data :
x : 40 50 60 70 80 90
θ : 184 204 226 250 276 304
Also find θ at x = 43 and x = 84
9. A test performed on NPN transistor give the following result :

Base current f ( mA) 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05

Collector current Ic ( mA ) 0 1.2 2.5 3.6 4.3 5.34
Calculate (i) the value of collector current for the base current of 0.05mA. (ii) the value
of base current required for a collector correct of 4.0mA.

10. Find f(22) from the following data using newtons backward formulae.
x : 20 25 30 35 40 45
θ : 354 332 291 260 231 204
11. Find the number of men getting wages between ₨ 100 and Rs. 150 from the following
data:
Wages in Rs. 0-100 100-200 200-300 300-400
Frequency 9 30 35 4
12. From the following data, estimate the number of persons having incomes between 2000
and 2500:
Income Below 500 500-1000 1000-2000 2000-3000 3000-4000
No. of Persons 6000 4250 3600 1500 650
13. Construct Newtons forward interpolation polynomial for the following data:
X: 4 6 8 10
y: 1 3 8 16 4
Hence evaluate y for x=5.
14. Find the cubic polynomial which takes the following values:
y(0)=1, y(1)=0, y(2)=1 and y(3)=10
hence or otherwise obtain y(4)
15. Construct the difference table for the following data:
x: 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3
f(x): 0.003 0.067 0.148 0.248 0.370 0.518 0.697
evaluate f(0.6)
16. Apply netwons backward difference formula to the data below, to obtain a polynomial of
degree 4 in x:
x: 1 2 3 4 5
y : 1 -1 1 -1 1
17. The following table gives the population of the town during the last six censuses.
Estimate the increase in the population during the period from 1976 to 1978:
Year : 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991
Population 12 15 20 27 39 52
(in thousands)
18. In the following tables, the values of y are consecutive terms of a series of which 12.5 is
the 5th term. Find the first and tenth terms of the series.
x: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
y : 2.7 6.4 12 .5 21.6 34.3 51.2 72.9
19. Using a polynomial of the third degree, complete the record given below of the export of
a certain commodity during five years:
Year : 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Export : 443 384 - 397 467
(in tons)
20. Given u1 = 40, u3 = 45, u5 = 54, find u2 and u4.
21. Calculate the value of f(1.5) using Bessels interpolation formula, from the table:
x: 0 1 2 3
y: 3 6 12 15
22. Use bessels formula to obtain y25, given y20=24, y24=32, y28=35, y32=40
23. Employ Bessels formula to find the value of F at x=1.95, given that
x: 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4
F: 2.979 3.144 3.283 3.391 3.463 3.997 4.491
Which other interpolation formula can be used here? Which is more appropriate? Give
reasons.
24. From the following table:
x: 20 25 30 35 40
f(x): 11.4699 12.7834 13.7648 14.4982 15.0463
find f(34) using Everetts formula
25. Apply Everetts formula to obtain u25, given u20=2854, u24=3162, u28= 3544, u32=3992.
26. Given the table:
x: 310 320 330 340 350 360
logx 2.4914 2.5052 2.5185 2.5315 2.5441 2.5563
find the value of log 337.5 by gauss, stirling, Bessel and Everette formulae.
27. Using Lagranges interpolation, calculate the profit in the year 2000 from the following
data:
Year 1997 1999 2001 2002
Profits in lakhs of Rs. 43 65 159 248
Use lagranges formulae to find the form of f(x), given
28.28.
x: 0 2 3 6
f(x): 648 704 729 792
29. If y(1)=-3, y(3)=9, y(4)=30, y(6)=132, find the lagranges interpolation polynomial that
takes the same values as y at the given points.
30. Given f(0)=-18, f(1)=0, f(5)=-248, f(6)=0, f(9)=13104, find f(x).
31. Find the missing term in the following table using interpolation
x: 1 2 4 5 6
y: 14 15 5 - 9
32. Using Lagranges formula, express the function (x2+x-3)/(x3-2x2-x+2) as sum of partial
fractions.
 TUTORIAL 6
Numerical differentiation and integration
1. For the following values of x and y find the first derivative at x = 4.
x : 1 2 4 8 10
y : 0 1 5 21 27

2. Given sin0° = 0.000, sin10° = 0.1736 , sin20° = 0.3420 , sin30° = 0.5000 , sin40° =
0.6428
(a) Find the value of sin23°
(b) Find the numerical value of cosx at x = 10°
(c) Find the numerical value of d2y/dx2 at x = 20° for y = sinx.
3. The population of a certain town is given below. Find the rate of growth of the
population in 1961 from the following table:
Year : 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971
Population : 40.62 60.80 71.95 103.56 132.68
Estimate the population in the year 1976 and 2003 . also find the rate of growth of
population in 1991.
4. The following data gives corresponding values of pressure and specific volume of a
superheated steam.
V : 2 4 6 8 10
P : 105 42.7 25.3 16.7 13
Find rate of change of
i. Pressure with respect to volume when v = 2
ii. Volume with respect to pressure when p = 105
5. The table below reveals the velocity v of a body during the specified time t find its
acceleration at t = 1.1 ?
t : 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
v : 43.1 47.7 52.1 56.4 60.8
6. The following table gives the velocity v of a particle at time t. find its acceleration at t
= 2.
t : 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
v : 4 6 16 34 60 94 131
7. A rod is rotating in a plane. The following table gives the angle 𝜃 ( radian ) through
which the rod has turned for various values of the time t second.
t : 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
𝜃 : 0 0.12 0.49 1.12 2.02 3.20 4.67
Calculate the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the rod when t = 0.6
second.
8. Find dy/dx at x = 1 from the following table by constructing a central difference table:
x : 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3
y : 0.644218 0.717356 0.783327 0.841471 0.891207 0.932039 0.963558
9. Find the value of f’ (x) at x = 0.04 from the following table using Bessel’s formula.
x : 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
f(x) : 0.1023 0.1047 0.1071 0.1096 0.1122 0.1148
10. If y = f (x) and yn denotes f ( x0 + nh ) prove that , if powers of h above h6 be
neglected.
( dy/dx )x0 = 3/4h [ ( y1 – y-1 ) – 1/5 ( y2 – y-2 ) + 1/45 ( y3 – y-3 )
11. Find the value of f’ (8) from the table given below :
x : 6 7 9 12
f (x) : 1.556 1.690 1.908 2.158
Given the following pairs of values of x and y
12.12.
x : 1 2 4 8 10
y : 0 1 5 21 27
determine numerically dy/dx at x = 4.
Find f’ (6) from the following data :
13.13.
x : 0 2 3 4 7 8
f (x) : 4 26 58 112 466 922
Find the maximum and minimum value of y from the following table :
14.14.
x : 0 1 2 3 4 5
y : 0 0.25 0 2.25 16 56.25
Using the following data , find x for which y is minimum an d find this value of y.
15.15.
x : 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75
y : 0.6221 0.6155 0.6138 0.6170
Find the value of x for which f (x) is maximum , using the table
16.16.
x : 9 10 11 12 13 14
f (x) : 1330 1340 1320 1250 1120 930
1
17. Use trapezoidal rule to evaluate ∫ 0 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥 considering five sub intervals.
1
𝑑𝑥
18. Evaluate ∫ applying
1+𝑥
0
(i) Trapezoidal rule
(ii) Simpsons 1/3rd rule
(iii) Simpsons 3/8th rule
1
𝑑𝑥
19. Evaluate ∫ using
1+𝑥2
0
(i) Trapezoidal Rule taking h = ¼
(ii) Simpsons 1/3rd rule taking h = ¼
(iii) Simpsons 3/8th rule taking h = 1/6
(iv) Weddle’s rule taking h = 1/6
20. Find an approximate value of 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑒 5 by calculating to 4 decimal places, by Simpson’s
5
1/3rd rule, ∫ , dividing the range into 10 equal parts.
4𝑥+5
𝑂
4
21. Evaluate ∫ 0 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 by Simpsons rule, given that
e = 2.72, e2 = 7.39, e3 = 20.09, e4 = 54.6
22. A curve is drawn to pass through the points given by the following table:
x:1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
y: 2 2.4 2.7 2.8 3 2.6 2.1
using Weddle’s rule, estimate the area bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the lines x
= 1, x = 4.
23. A curve is given by the table:
 x: 0 1 2 3 4 5 5
y: 0 2 2.5 2.3 2 1.7 1.5
the x coordinate of the C.G. of the area bounded by the curve, the end ordinates and
6
the x axis is given by A 𝑥̅ = ∫0 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 where A is the area. Find 𝑥̅ by using Simpsons
rule.
24. A body is in the form of a solid of revolution. The diameter D in cms of its section at
distance x cm. from one end are given below. Estimate the volume of the solid.
x: 0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0
y: 5 5.5 6.0 6.75 6.25 5.5 4.0
25. The velocity v of a particle at distance s from a point on its path is given by the table:
s ft : 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
v ft/sec: 47 58 64 65 61 52 38
Estimate the time taken to travel 60ft by using Simpsons 1/3rd rule. Compare the
result with Simpsons 3/8th rule.
26. The following table gives the velocity v of a particle at time t:
t (seconds) : 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
v (m/sec) : 4 6 16 34 60 94 136
find the distance moved by the particle in 12 seconds and also the acceleration at t =
2sec.
27. A rocket is launched from the ground. Its acceleration is registrerd during the first 80
seconds and is given in the table below. Using Simpsons 1/3rd rule, find the velocity
of the rocket at t = 80 seconds.
t (seconds) : 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
2
f (cm/sec ) : 30 31.63 33.34 35.47 37.75 40.33 43.25 46.69 50.67
28. A reservoir discharging water through sluices at a depth h below the water surface has
a surface area A for various values of h as given below:
h (ft) : 10 11 12 13 14
A (sq. ft) : 950 1070 1200 1350 1530
𝑑ℎ
If t denotes time in minutes, the rate of fall of the surface is given by = −48√ℎ ∕ 𝐴
𝑑𝑥
Estimate the time taken for the water level to fall from 14 to 10 ft. above the sluices.
 TUTORIAL – 7
Ordinary differential equation

1) Solve y’ = x+y given y(1) =0 .Find y(1.1) y(1.2) by Taylor’s method. Andcompare
the result with its exact value.
2) Using Taylor’s series method, compute y(0.2) to three places of decimalfrom
dy|dx=1-2xy given that y(0)=0.
3) Evaluate y(0.1) correct to six places of decimals by Taylor’s seriesmethod if
y(x) satisfies
Y’= xy + 1, y(0) = 1

4) Using simple Euler’s method solve for y at x=0.1 fromdy|dx =

x+y+xy,y(0)=1, taking step size h=0.025.
5) Given that dy|dx =x2 and y(0) =1. Find an approximate value of y(0.1) ,taking
h=0.05 by modified Euler’s method.
6) Solve y’=1-y, y(0)=0
By modified Euler’s method and obtain y at x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3.
7) Given dy|dx = x3+y, y(0)= 2. Compute y(0.2), y(0.4) and y(0.6) by Rangekutta
method of fourth order.
8) Find y(0.1) and y(0.2) using Range kutta 4th order formula, given that y’=x2 – y and
y(0) =1.
9) Using 4thorder Range kutta method,Solve the following equation ,taking each step of
h=0.1, given y(0)=0.3. dy|dx(4x|y -xy).calculate y for x=0.1 and 0.2.
10) Given dy|dx=x3+y ,y(0)=2. The value of y(0.2) = 2.073, y(0.6) =
3.023 are got by R.K. method of fourth order. Find y(0.8) by milne’s predictor-
corrector method taking h= 0.2
11) Given 2dy|dx= (1+x2)y2 and y(0)=1, y(0.1)= 1.06, y(0.2)=1.12,
y(0.3)= 1.21, evaluate y(0.4) bt Milne’s predictor-corrector method.
12) Solve the initial value problem
dy|dx =1+xy2, y(0)=1
For x=0.4 by using Milne’s method, when it is given that
X 0.1 0.2 0.3
y 1.105 1.223 1.355

13)From the data given below, find y at x= 1.4, using Milne’sPredictor-

corrector formula:
dy|dx = x2 + y|2:
X=1 1.1 1.2 1.3
Y=2 2.5156 2.4549 2.7514
 Numerical Methods in Chemical Engineering
Subject Code- 3140510
Assignment-1
CO-1

1) Explain three sources of arising errors in numerical computation.

2) Explain following terms: A) Significant figures, B) Truncation Error.
3) Define: A) Absolute error, B) Relative error, C) Percentage error, D) Inherent Error.
4) Differentiate between accuracy and precision with appropriate example.
 Numerical Methods in Chemical Engineering
Subject Code- 3140510
Assignment-2
CO-2

1) Explain procedure to fit given Y versus X data to following:

a) Y  C  a Xb
b) Y  a ebX
Also explain the procedure to calculate standard error of estimate and correlation
coefficient.
2) Define: (a) Coefficient of determination, (b) Correlation coefficient, and (c)
standard error of estimate
3) Suggest method to plot the variables y and x, given in the following equation, so that data
fitting the equation will fall on straight line.
x
y
1  x    1
 Numerical Methods in Chemical Engineering
Subject Code- 3140510
Assignment-3
CO-3
1) escribe intermediate value properties.
2) Derive the relation between number of iterations and absolute error for bisection
method.
3) Explain algorithm for finding the root of an equation using Newton-Raphson
method.
4) Explain the Gauss Jordan method to solve the system of linear equations.
5) Explain Gauss elimination method with its pitfalls.
6) Differentiate between bracketing and open methods to solve non-linear algebraic equations.
7) Discuss in brief about the boundary value problem.
8) Describe Milne’s predictor-corrector method.
9) Explain in brief about ordinary differential equation - boundary value problems.
10) Explain about the system of ill-conditioned equations using appropriate example.
11) Explain algorithm for finding the root of an equation using False-Position method.
 Numerical Methods in Chemical Engineering
Subject Code- 3140510
Assignment-4
CO-4

1) Derive formula for Trapezoidal Rule of numerical integration.

2) Establish Newton’s backward interpolation formula.
3) Write an algorithm for trapezoidal rule.
4) List out the interpolation methods, which can be used when data points are available
at unequal interval.
5) Differentiate between interpolation and regression technique.
Numerical methods in chemical engineering
(3140510)

Tutorial prepared by

Prof. A N Zala
Assistant Professor
GEC,Bhuj

Branch Coordinator
Prof. Dr. R. K. Mewada
Professor
L. E. College, Morbi

Committee Chairman
Dr. N. M. Bhatt
Professor of Mechanical Engineering
L. E. College, Morbi