Scribd
Upload
8 views

Networking_and_Data_Communication_Notes

The document provides a comprehensive overview of networking and data communication, including full forms of key protocols and terms. It contains short answer questions addressing fundamental concepts such as port addresses, bandwidth, and various network protocols. Additionally, it outlines definitions and applications related to data communication, including TCP states and UDP services.

Uploaded by

OM YADAV
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Networking_and_Data_Communication_Notes

The document provides a comprehensive overview of networking and data communication, including full forms of key protocols and terms. It contains short answer questions addressing fundamental concepts such as port addresses, bandwidth, and various network protocols. Additionally, it outlines definitions and applications related to data communication, including TCP states and UDP services.

Uploaded by

OM YADAV
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Networking and Data Communication Notes

Full Forms

HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol


FTP: File Transfer Protocol
SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
DNS: Domain Name System
Telnet: Telecommunication Network
POP3: Post Office Protocol version 3
IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol
SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol
UDP: User Datagram Protocol
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
CSMA/CD: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
CSMA/CA: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
FDMA: Frequency Division Multiple Access
TDMA: Time Division Multiple Access
CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access
LAN: Local Area Network
WAN: Wide Area Network
WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network
NIC: Network Interface Card
IP: Internet Protocol
IPv4: Internet Protocol version 4
IPv6: Internet Protocol version 6
MAC: Media Access Control
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol
RTP: Real-time Transport Protocol

Short Answer Questions

What is Port address?


Answer: A port address uniquely identifies a process in a network.

What is the size of IPv4 & IPv6 Address?


Answer: IPv4 is 32-bit, and IPv6 is 128-bit in size.

List application Layer Protocol.


Answer: HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS, Telnet, POP3, IMAP, SNMP.

UDP is Connection Oriented Protocol. True or False?


Answer: False, UDP is a connectionless protocol.

What is the function of Presentation layer?


Answer: It translates, encrypts, and compresses data for applications.

What is Protocol?
Answer: A protocol is a set of rules for data communication.

Which devices operate at the physical layer?


Answer: Hubs, repeaters, cables, network interface cards (NICs).

What is Bandwidth?
Answer: Bandwidth is the maximum data transfer rate of a channel.

What is CSMA/CD?
Answer: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection.

Define Masking.
Answer: Masking is hiding certain bits using a subnet mask.

Define Jitter.
Answer: Variation in packet delay during data transmission.

Define Latency.
Answer: Time delay in transmitting data across a network.

Nyquist formula:
Answer: C = 2B log2 N

Shannon?s formula:
Answer: C = B log2 (1 + S/N)

Define routing.
Answer: Routing determines the best path for data transmission.

Define De Facto Standard.


Answer: Standards developed through common usage and market acceptance.

Define De Jure Standard.


Answer: Official standards set by regulatory organizations.
Apply bit stuffing on 01101111111111110010.
Answer: 011011111011111011110010

List components of data communication.


Answer: Sender, receiver, message, medium, protocol, encoder, decoder.

What is data communication?


Answer: Exchange of data between devices over a network.

Define Protocols.
Answer: Rules governing communication between devices in a network.

List any two channelization protocols.


Answer: FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access).

State any two applications of wireless LAN.


Answer: Internet access, real-time video streaming, file sharing.

Define congestion.
Answer: Network overload due to excessive data traffic.

What is a Port Number?


Answer: A unique identifier for network applications on a device.

What is internetworking?
Answer: Connecting multiple networks to function as a single network.

What is throughput?
Answer: Actual data successfully transmitted over a network.

List the control access protocols.


Answer: Polling, Token Passing, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA.

Define packetizing.
Answer: Dividing data into packets for efficient transmission.

Write IPv6 address space.


Answer: IPv6 uses a 128-bit address space.

List UDP services.


Answer: DNS, DHCP, TFTP, VoIP, SNMP, RTP.

Write the list of states for TCP.


Answer: LISTEN, SYN-SENT, SYN-RECEIVED, ESTABLISHED, FIN-WAIT, TIME-WAIT, etc.

What is full duplex communication?


Answer: Simultaneous bidirectional data transmission between devices.
Write the registered ports.
Answer: Registered ports range from 1024 to 49151.

You might also like