Coordination and response(Worksheet)

1. The diagram shows the muscles which control the size of the pupil in an eye.

How do the muscles make the pupil larger?

2. What would be the effects of vasodilation and sweating on the body temperature and on
the
amount of moisture on the surface of the skin?

3. What would be the pupil size and lens shape of a person reading a mobile phone text
message in
a brightly-lit room?

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4. The graph shows the variation in a person’s body temperature over a period of time.
Which temperature change is likely to cause most sweating?

5. The diagram shows a neurone.

Which structures could be found at X and Y?

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6. What is an example of gravitropism?

A A chemical messenger produced by a plant

B A painful sensation in response to a stimulus
C The growth of a plant root towards the centre of the Earth
D The growth of a plant shoot towards light

7. The diagram shows the structures involved in a reflex action.

What is the sequence in which impulses pass through these structures?

AP→S→R→Q
BQ→R→S→P
CQ→P→R→S
DS→P→Q→R

8. Which part of the human eye is sensitive to light?

A iris
B lens
C optic nerve
D retina

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9. The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the response of a plant stem to gravity.

What is a suitable control for this experiment?

10. Why do mammals sweat?

A to cool the body

B to lose water vapour through the skin surface
C to release energy through the oxidation of glucose
D to remove glucose from the blood

11. The diagram shows a capillary loop in the skin of a mammal.

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12. The diagram shows a section through part of the eye.

X is a contracted ciliary muscle. What will happen when it relaxes?

A The lens will decrease its curvature.

B The lens will increase its curvature.
C The size of the pupil will decrease.
D The size of the pupil will increase.

13. The diagram shows a germinated bean seed with a horizontal radicle. This is placed on a
slowly rotating disc and is left for three days.

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Which diagram shows the appearance of the radicle after three days?

14. Read the following sentence.

In order to prevent the human body from losing heat, the arterioles supplying the skin
become narrow.
Which process does this sentence describe?

A constriction
B shivering
C sweating
D vasodilation

15. When the body temperature rises above 37 °C, which changes help to return the
temperature to normal?

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16. A man injures his arm in an accident. Afterwards, he can feel objects touching his hand,
but he cannot move his hand away from them.
What could cause this?

A Receptors in his hand are damaged.

B The nerve connection is cut only between the receptors in his hand and his central
nervous system.
C The nerve connection is cut only between his central nervous system and the effectors in
his arm.
D Both of these nerve connections are cut.

17. The diagram shows the eye of a person in a brightly-lit room.

What happens to distance F and distance G when this person moves into a dimly-lit room?

18. The diagram shows seedlings in two experiments on the tropic response of seedlings to
gravity and light.

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How have the seedlings responded?

19. The diagram shows a person sweating in hot weather.

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What part is played by sweat glands during the process of sweating?

A effector
B receptor
C sense-organ
D stimulus

20. The diagram shows the human nervous system.

Which letter indicates a part of the central nervous system?

21. The nervous system coordinates the responses of animals to changes in their
environment.
(a) Fig.21.1 shows the arrangement of the nervous system in a mammal.
Complete Fig.21.1 by writing the names of the missing parts of the mammalian nervous
system in the boxes.

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 Fig.21.1

(b) Fig.21.2 is a flow chart that shows how an involuntary action is controlled.

Fig.21.2

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(c) Fig.21.3 shows three pots of seedlings that have been kept in different conditions

Fig.21.3

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22.Fig 22.1 is a diagram of human skin in cold weather.

Fig.22.1

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23.Fig.23.1 shows a diagram of the liver and the blood vessels that enter and exit from it.

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 Fig.23.1

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24. Fig.24.1 is a diagram that shows the control of blood glucose concentration

Fig.24.1

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25.(a) Define the term sensitivity.

(b) Describe how voluntary actions differ from involuntary actions.

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26. Fig.26.1 shows the front part of the eye.
The eye shown in Fig.26.1 is far adapted, which means that the lens is focusing light
from
a distance

Fig.26.1
The lens changes shape to alter the direction of light rays passing through the eye.

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27. Fig.27.1 shows a diagram of a cell from the pancreas that secretes the hormone, insulin.

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 Fig.27.1

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28.(a) Complete Table 28.1 by naming three sense organs and the stimulus which each
detects.

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29.(a) Fig.29.1 shows a reflex action that involves the eye.

Fig.29.1

Write your answers in Table 29.1

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30. The light sensitive cells in the eye are known as rods and cones.
Fig.30.1 shows drawings of a rod cell and a cone cell.

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37.

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38.

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39.

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40. Fig. 40.1 shows an elephant, Loxodonta africana. They have large ears which help them
to control their body temperature.

Fig.40.1

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When the elephant is too hot, more blood is pumped into the blood vessels in the
elephant’s ears.
Increasing blood flow to the surface of the skin helps the elephant to cool down.
A student set up a model of what happens in the elephant’s ears, as shown in Fig. 40.2.

Fig.40.2
They placed hot water into two small beakers and stood each one in a larger beaker.
One of the small beakers had ‘ears’ and the other did not. The ‘ears’ were represented by
two plastic dropping pipettes.
The student squeezed and released the pipette ears throughout the experiment so that
water continuously moved out of and into the pipettes.
The student placed a cardboard lid on top of each small beaker.
They made holes in the cardboard lids so that a thermometer and the pipettes could pass
through them.
(a) The student recorded the starting temperature of the water in both small beakers.
The thermometer readings are shown in Fig. 40.3.

Fig.40.3

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(b) The student measured and recorded the temperature of the hot water in both beakers
every minute for a total of eight minutes.
The student obtained the results shown in Fig. 40.4

Fig.40.4
Prepare a table to record the observations shown in Fig. 40.4 and the starting temperatures
from Fig. 40.3.
Complete the table by entering all of the results.

[4]

(c) Suggest one safety precaution that should be taken during this experiment.
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(d) (i) A student repeated this experiment and calculated the change in temperature of the
water each minute for eight minutes in both small beakers.
The change in temperature in the small beaker with pipette ears was 18 °C.
The change in temperature in the small beaker without pipette ears was 11 °C.

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Explain why it is important to calculate the change in temperature in each beaker.
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(ii) Use the information in part (d)(i) to calculate the rate of temperature change in the small
beaker with pipette ears for the student’s experiment.
Show your working.
Give your answer to two significant figures. rate of temperature change
..............................................°C per min [2]
(e) (i) Suggest why the student used cardboard lids on top of each of the small beakers.
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(ii) Suggest and explain one source of error in the method as a result of using the cardboard
lids. .
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(iii) Suggest two improvements which could be made to the method, other than changing
the cardboard lids.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
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2 ........................................................................................................................................
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(f) Fig. 40.5 shows a different species of elephant, Elephas maximus, to the one shown in Fig.
40.1.

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 Fig.40.5

(i) State one visible difference between the ears of the elephant in Fig. 1.5 and those of the
elephant shown in Fig. 40.1.
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(ii) Based on this difference and the results of the student’s experiment in part (d)(i), what
can you conclude about the environmental conditions that the elephant shown in Fig. 40.5
lives in compared to the elephant in Fig. 40.1?
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[Total: 18]

Answers:

1.C
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.D
6.C
7.B
8.D
9.A
10.A

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11.A
12.D
13.C
14.A
15.D
16.C
17. C
18. A
19. A
20. A
21.

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22.

23.

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24.

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25.

26.

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27.

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28.

29.

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32.

33.

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35.

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37.

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39.

40.

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