Crash Course

MHT-CET
Mathematics

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P.O. No. 16217

TEID: 4678
 INDEX

Sr. Textbook
Chapter Name Page No.
No. Chapter No.
Std. XI
1 3 Trigonometry – II 1
2 5 Straight Line 19

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3 6 Circle 33
4 7 Conic Sections 46

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5 9 Probability 60
6 1 Complex Numbers 71
7 3 Permutations and Combinations 87

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8 6 Functions 97
9 7 Limits 108
10 8 Continuity 120
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Std. XII
11 1 Mathematical Logic 133
12 2 Matrices 149
13 3 Trigonometric Functions 166
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14 4 Pair of Straight Lines 185

15 5 Vectors 200
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16 6 Line and Plane 220

17 7 Linear Programming 240
18 1 Differentiation 267
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19 2 Applications of Derivatives 286

20 3 Indefinite Integration 304
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21 4 Definite Integration 328

22 5 Application of Definite Integration 346
23 6 Differential Equations 363
24 7 Probability Distributions 385
25 8 Binomial Distribution 402
Chapter

3
Trigonometry - II
Quick Review



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Trigonometric functions of sum and difference
Formulae
of two angles

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i. sin (A + B) sin A cos B + cos A sin B
ii. sin (A  B) sin A cos B  cos A sin B
iii. cos (A + B) cos A cos B  sin A sin B

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iv. cos (A  B) cos A cos B + sin A sin B
tan A  tan B
v. tan (A + B)
1  tan A tan B
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tan A  tan B
vi. tan (A  B)
1  tan A tan B

cot Acot B  1
vii. cot (A + B)
cot A  cot B
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cot Acot B  1
viii. cot (A  B)
cot B  cot A
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= sin2 A  sin2 B
ix. sin(A + B) sin(A  B)
= cos2 B  cos2 A
= cos2 A  sin2 B
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x. cos(A + B) cos(A  B)
= cos2 B  sin2 A


 Trigonometric functions of sum and difference of three angles:
Sa

i. sin (A + B + C) = sin A cos B cos C + cos A sin B cos C + cos A cos B sin C – sin A sin B sin C
or
sin (A + B + C) = cos A cos B cos C (tan A+ tan B + tanC – tan A tanB tanC)
ii. cos (A + B + C) = cos A cos B cos C – sin A sin B cos C – sin A cos B sin C – cos A sin B sin C
or
cos (A + B + C) = cos A cos B cos C (1 – tan A tan B – tan B tan C  tan C tan A)
tan A  tan B  tan C  tan A tan B tan C
iii. tan (A + B + C) =
1  tan A tan B  tan B tan C  tan C tan A
cot A cot Bcot C  cot A  cot B  cot C
iv. cot (A + B + C) =
cot A cot B  cot Bcot C  cot Ccot A  1

1
 

Entrance: Mathematics
 Trigonometric functions of allied angles:

+ –
sin  cos sin  cos
cos  sin cos  sin
tan  cot tan  cot
cot  –tan cot  tan
sec  cosec sec  cosec
sin  sin cosec  sec cosec  sec sin  sin
–  or 2 + 
cos  –cos cos  cos
tan  –tan tan  tan
cot  –cot cot  cot
II I
sec  – sec sec  sec
cosec  cosec Quadrant Quadrant cosec  cosec

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 0/2
III IV

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+ Quadrant sin  –sin
Quadrant 2 –  or –
cos  cos
sin  –sin tan  –tan
cos  –cos cot  –cot
tan  tan sin  –cos sec  sec
sin  –cos
cot  cot cos  –sin cosec  –cosec
cos  sin

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sec  – sec tan  cot tan  –cot
cosec  –cosec cot  tan cot  –tan
sec  – cosec sec  cosec
cosec  –sec cosec  –sec
Co
– +

 Trigonometric functions of multiple angles:

Trigonometric functions of multiple angles
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sin  cos  tan 

 sin 2 = 2 sin  cos   cos 2 = cos2  – sin2 
pl

 tan 2 =
= = 1 – 2 sin2 
= 2 cos2  – 1
 tan 3 =
 sin 3 = 3 sin  – 4 sin3  =
m

Note:
1 + cos 2 = 2 cos2
 cos 3 = 4 cos3  – 3 cos 
1 – cos 2 = 2 sin2
 Trigonometric functions of half angles:
Sa

Trigonometric functions of half angles

sin  cos  tan 

 sin  = 2 sin cos  cos  = cos2 – sin2

 tan  =
2
= 1 – 2 sin
 sin  =
= 2 cos2 –1
Note: 1 + cos  = 2 cos2

= 1 – cos  = 2 sin2

2
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II
 Formulae to convert sum or difference into c. tan (B + C) = tan ( – A) = – tan A
product: tan (C + A) = – tan B
tan (A + B) = – tan C
C+D CD
i. sin C + sin D 2 sin cos A+B π C
2 2 ii. If A + B + C = , then = – ,
2 2 2
CD CD C+A π B BC π A
ii. sin C  sin D 2 cos sin = – and = 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CD CD  A+B  C C
iii. cos C + cos D 2 cos cos a. sin   = sin    = cos
2 2  2  2 2 2

C+D DC  BC A

= 2 sin sin sin   = cos
2 2  2  2
iv. cos C  cos D

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C+D CD CA B
= –2 sin sin sin   = cos
2 2  2  2

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 AB C
 Formulae to convert product into sum or b. cos   = sin
 2  2
difference:
 BC A
i. 2 sin A cos B sin(A + B) + sin(A  B) cos   = sin
 2  2

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ii. 2 cos A sin B sin(A + B)  sin(A  B) CA B
cos   = sin
 2  2
iii. 2 cos A cos B cos(A + B) + cos(A – B)
iv. 2 sin A sin B cos(A  B)  cos(A + B)  Some Important results:
Co
3 1
 Trigonometric functions of angles of a i. sin 15 =
2 2
triangle: 3 1
i. If A, B, C are the angles of a triangle ABC, then ii. cos 15 =
2 2
A+B+C=
5 1
a. sin (B + C) = sin ( – A) = sin A iii. sin 18 =
4
e

sin (C + A) = sin B
5 1
sin (A + B) = sin C iv. cos 36 =
4
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b. cos (B + C) = cos( – A) = – cos A

cos (C + A) = – cos B
cos (A + B) = – cos C
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Shortcuts

1. sin n = 0, cos n = (–1)n A A

5.
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sin  cos  1  sin A

2 2
2. i. sin (n + ) = (–1)n sin 
A A
ii. cos (n + ) = (–1)n cos  or sin + cos =  1  sin A
2 2
iii. sin (n  ) = ( 1)n  1 sin 
 A 3
iv. cos (n  ) = (1)n cos  +ve,, if 2n –   2n +
i.e., 4 2 4
 n 
n 1
–ve, otherwise
3. sin     = ( 1) 2
cos , if n is odd
 2  A A
n
6. sin  cos  1  sin A
2 2
= ( 1) sin , if n is even
2

A A
n 1 or sin – cos =  1  sin A
 n  2 2
4. cos     = (1) 2
sin , if n is odd
 2   A 5
+ve, if 2n +   2n +
n i.e., 4 2 4
= ( 1) 2 cos , if n is even –ve, otherwise

3
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Entrance: Mathematics
7. tan x. tan 2x. tan 3x = tan 3x – tan 2x – tan x 17. cos  + cos ( + ) + cos ( + 2)
8. tan2. tan3. tan5 = tan5 – tan3 – tan2 + …… + cos [ + (n – 1)]
1  cos    β  nβ 
9.  tan , where  ≠ (2n + 1) cos  +  n  1  .sin  
sin  2  2  2 
=
β
1  cos   sin
10.  cot , where  ≠ 2n 2
sin  2
If  = , then
1  cos  
11.  tan 2 , where  ≠ (2n + 1) cos  + cos 2 + cos 3 + …… + cos n
1  cos  2
 n +1   nα 
1  cos   cos   α.sin  
12.  cot 2 , where  ≠ 2n =  2   2 
1  cos  2 α
sin  
13. cos . cos 2. cos 22. cos 23 ….. cos 2n – 1 2
sin 2 n α 1

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= , if   n  18. sin  sin(60 – ) sin (60 + ) = sin 3
2n sin α 4

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= 1, if  = 2n 1
19. cos  cos (60 – ) cos (60 + ) = cos 3
= 1, if  = (2n + 1) 4
1  tan  cos   sin  20. tan  tan (60 – ) tan (60 + ) = tan 3
14. i. tan (45 + ) = = 21. If A + B + C = 180, then
1  tan  cos   sin 
i. sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A sin B sin C

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1  tan  cos   sin 
ii. tan (45  ) = =
1  tan  cos   sin 
ii. cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C
15. Maximum and minimum values of
= –1 – 4 cos A cos B cos C
a cos  + b sin  are a 2  b 2 and  a 2  b 2 iii. cos2A + cos2B  cos2C = 1  4 sin A sin B cos C
Co
i.e.,  a  b  a cos  + b sin   a  b
2 2 2 2

A B C
16. sin  + sin ( + ) + sin ( + 2) iv. sin A + sin B + sin C = 4 cos cos cos
2 2 2
+ …… + sin [ + (n – 1)]
A B C
  n 1   v. cos A + cos B + cos C = 1 + 4 sin sin sin
sin  +  β 2 2 2
2   nβ
=   . sin vi. cos A + cos B  cos C
β
e

sin 2 A B C
2 = 1 + 4 cos cos sin
2 2 2
If  = , then vii. tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C
pl

sin  + sin 2 + sin 3 + ….. + sin n viii. cot A cot B + cot B cot C + cot C cot A = 1
 n +1  n A B B C C A
sin   .sin ix. tan tan + tan tan + tan tan = 1
 2  2 2 2 2 2 2 2
=
m


  A B C A B C
sin   x. cot + cot + cot = cot cot cot
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Classwork Questions
Sa

4 5 1
1. Let cos ( + ) = and sin ( – ) = , 3. If tan  = , then cos 2 =
5 13 3
 1 4
where 0  ,   , then tan 2 = (A) (B)
4 4 5
1 1
25 19 (C) (D)
(A) (B) 5 10
16 13
4. If A, B, C are the angles of a triangle with
20 56
(C) (D) A 1 B 2 C
7 33 tan , tan  then the value of tan is
2 3 2 3 2
7 7
2. If a = sin 175 + cos 175, then (A) (B)
9 9
(A) a=0 (B) a<0 9 9
(C) (D)
(C) a>0 (D) a=1 7 7

4
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Page no. 5 to 6 are purposely left blank.
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To see complete chapter buy Target Notes or Target E‐Notes
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 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II
40. The value of (cos  + cos )2 + (sin  + sin )2 cos(A + C)
46. If cos 2B = . Then tan A, tan B, tan C
is cos(A  C)
    are in
(A) 2sin 2   (B) 4sin 2  
 2   2  (A) Geometric Progression.
    (B) Arithmetic Progression.
(C) 4cos 2   (D) 2cos 2  
 2   2  (C) Harmonic Progression.
(D) Arithmetico-Geometric Progression.
41. If a cos 2 + b sin 2 = c has  and  as its
roots, then the value of tan  + tan  is 47. Let a, b, c be three non-zero real numbers such
2b 2a that the equation 3a cosx  2 b sinx  c,
(A) (B)
ca bc  π π
x    ,  has two distinct real roots α and β
b a  2 2
(C) (D)
ca bc π b
with α  β  . Then the value of is

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3 a
42. If sin( – ), sin  and sin( + ) are in H.P.,
(A) 0  1 (B) 0  5

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then the value of cos 2 is
  (C)  0  5 (D) 1
(A) 1 + 4cos2 (B) 1 – 4cos2
2 2 3 3 x
48. If tan x  and   x  , then cos  _____
2 2 4 2 2
(C) –1 – 4cos (D) –1 + 4cos
2 2 2 2

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(A) (B)
43. The value of 5 5
cos210 – cos 10  cos 50 + cos250 is 1 1
(C) (D)
3 3 10 10
(A) (B) (1 + cos 20)
2 4
Co
49. tan 20 tan 40 tan 60 tan 80 =
3 3
(C) (D) + cos 20 (A) 1 (B) 2
4 2
3
(C) 3 (D)
44.  
If 1  1  x tan x  1  1  x , then sin 4x is 2
(A) x (B) –x 50. If A > B and tan A – tan B = x and
(C) 4x (D) –4x cot B – cot A = y, then cot(A – B) =
e

3 1 1 1 1
45. If cos x + cos y – cos (x + y) = , then (A)  (B) 
2 y x x y
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(A) x+y=0 (B) x = 2y 1 1 xy

(C)  (D)
(C) x=y (D) 2x = y x y x y

Homework Questions
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1. If A and B are two angles such that 1  sin   cos 

3. =
A, B, (0, ) and they are not supplementary 1  sin   cos 
Sa

angles such that sin A – sin B = 0, then  

 (A)  tan (B) tan
(A) A–B= 2 2
2
 
 (C) cot (D)  cot
(B) A–B= 2 2
3
(C) AB cos12  sin12 sin147
4.  =
(D) A=B cos12  sin12 cos147
(A) 1 (B) –1
7   9   10 
2. tan    tan    tan   = (C) 0 (D) –2
 6   4   3 
1 4 5. In ABC, if tan A + tan B + tan C = 6 and
(A) 2+ (B) 1+
3 3 tan A  tan B = 2 then tan C =
(C) 1–
4
(D) 2–
1 (A) 4 (B) 1
3 3 (C) 3 (D) 2

7
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Entrance: Mathematics

     
6. sin   x   cos   x  = (A)  (B) (C) (D) 2
3  6  2 4
(A) –sin x (B) – cos x 15. If A and B are supplementary angles, then
(C) sin x (D) cos x A B
sin2 + sin2 =
13 2 2
7. If sec  = , where  lies in 4th quadrant, then
12 1 1
(A) (B)
tan   cosec   sin   cos  = 2 3
25 5 (C) 1 (D) 0
(A) (B)
169 13
sin  A + B  cos  C + D 
5 144 16. If  ,
(C) (D) sin  A  B  cos  C  D 
13 169
then tan A cot B =
8. The value of , satisfying both the equations (A) –cot C cot D (B) –tan C tan D

t
1 (C) cot C cot D (D) tan C tan D
cos  = and tan  = –1 in [0, 2], is

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2
3 7 17. If A + B + C = 180, then the value of
(A) (B)  A B  B C C A
4 4 tan   tan    tan   tan    tan   tan  
5   2 2 2 2 2  2
(C) (D)
4 4 is

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(A) 2 (B) 1
9. cos x  cos 7x – cos 5xcos 13x = (C) –2 (D) –1
(A) 2cos2 6xcos 12x (B) 2sin 6xsin 12x
(D) 2sin2 6xcos 6x 3 A 5A
(C) 2sin 6xcos 12x 18. If cos A = , then 32 sin   sin   =
4 2  2 
Co
10. In ABC, with usual notations; if
(A) 7 (B) 8
cos A = sin B – cos C, then cos A  cos C = (C) 11 (D) 9
1
(A) (B) 0
4 19. sin 20 sin 40 sin 60 sin 80 =
1 3 3 5 3 5
(C) (D) (A)  (B) (C) (D) 
2 4 16 16 16 16
e

1  tan  1    3 5 7
11. If  , where    0,  , then  = 20. The value of sin  sin  sin  sin is
1  tan  3  2 16 16 16 16
pl

  1 2 1 2
(A) (B) (A) (B) (C) (D)
6 12 16 16 8 8
  
(C) (D) 21. If a = , then cos a + cos 2a +…+ cos 18a =
3 4
m

18
12. If sin  = n sin ( + 2), then tan ( + ) is (A) 0 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) ±1
equal to 1 5
1 n 1 n 22. If cot  = and sec  =  where
(A) tan  (B) tan  2 3
Sa

2n 1 n
 3   
1 n    ,  and    ,   , then tan ( + )
(C) tan  (D) tan   2  2 
1 n
has the value
cos  2 3
13. The value of is equal to (A) (B)
1 sin  11 11
     22 9
(A) tan    (B) tan     (C) (D)
2 4  4 2 9 11
    23. If cos (  ), cos  and cos ( + ) are in H.P.,
(C) tan    (D) tan   
 4 2  4 2 
then cos  sec is equal to
2

14. Let 0 < A, B < satisfying the equation (A)  2 (B)  3
2
3sin2A + 2sin2 B = 1 and 3 sin 2A – 2 sin 2B = 0, 1 1
(C)  (D) ±
then A + 2B is equal to 2 3

8
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II
5 1 sin 2  160  sin 180   
24. If tan A = , tan B = , then A + B = 33.  =
6 11 sin 2 70 sin 
  (A) tan2(20) (B) cot2(20)
(A) (B)
3 3 (C) sec2(20) (D) cosec2(20)
 
(C) (D) sin   cos  
4 4 34. If tan  = , 0    , then the
sin   cos  2
12 4
25. If sin  = , cos  = and ,  lie in the value of cos 2 is
13 5
(A) cos 2 (B) sin 
third quadrant, then tan( – ) =
33 56
(C) cos  (D) sin 2
(A) (B)
56 33 35. If a sin  = b cos , where a, b  0, then
56 33 a cos 2 + b sin 2 =
(C) (D)

t
33 56 (A) ab (B) a
26. cos3 110 + cos310 + cos3130 = a

en
(C) b (D)
3 3 3 3 3 3 b
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 8 8 4 36. tan A + 2 tan 2A + 4 tan 4A + 8 cot 8A =
27. If A + B + C = 270, then (A) tan A (B) tan 2A
cos 2A + cos2B + cos2C + 4 sinA sinB sinC = (C) cot A (D) cot 2A

nt
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
cot A cot B
28. If A + B + C = 180, then the value of 37. If A + B = 225, then  , if it
1  cotA 1 + cot B
A B C
cot  cot  cot will be exists, is equal to
2 2 2
(A) 0 (B) 1
Co
A B C
(A) 2cot cot cot 1
2 2 2 (C) 2 (D)
2
A B C
(B) 4cot cot cot
2 2 2 1 1
38. If tan A = , tan B = , then tan (A + 2B) has
A B C 2 3
(C) cot cot cot
2 2 2 the value
e

A B C (A) 1 (B) 2
(D) 8cot cot cot
2 2 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
29.
pl

The value of cos15  sin 15 is equal to 39. If 3 sin  = 2 sin 3  and 0 <  < , then sin  =
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C)  (D) 0 2 3
2 2 2 (A) (B)
5 2 2
m

    2 3
30. If 2sin      cos     , then tan  = (C) (D)
 3  6 3 5
1
(A) (B)  3
3 40. The value of expression
Sa

1 1 1
(C) 3 (D) + is equal to
3 cos 290o 3 sin 250o
1 2 4
31. tan 3A  tan 2A tan A = (A) (B) (C) 3 (D)
(A) tan 3A + tan 2A – tan A 3 3 3
(B) tan 3A – tan 2A – tan A
41. The value of the expression
(C) tan 3A + tan 2A + tan A
1 sin 2
(D) tan 3A – tan 2A + tan A
 3 
32. Which of the following have the same value? cos  2  2  tan    
 4 
(a) sin 120 (b) cos 930
1    3   
(c) tan 840 (d) cot(–1110)  sin 2  cot  cot     is
4  2  2 2 
(A) only (c) and (d)
(B) only (a) and (b) (A) 0 (B) 1
(C) only (a) and (c) (C) sin2

(D) sin2
(D) All (a), (b), (c), (d) 2

9
 

Entrance: Mathematics

cos  1  2   1
42. If tan 1 = k cot 2 , then  46. The value of tan  7  is equal to
cos  1  2   2
(A) 6  3 2 2
1 k 1 k
(A) (B) (B) 6  3 2 2
1 k 1 k
k 1 k 1
(C) 6 3 22
(C) (D)
k 1 k 1 (D) 6  3 2 2

47. If 5(tan2 x – cos2 x) = 2 cos 2x + 9, then the

2x x kx value of cos 4x is
43. If cot + tan = cosec , then the value of
3 3 3 7 3 1 2
k is (A)  (B)  (C) (D)
9 5 3 9
(A) 1 (B) 2

t
sin   sin 2
(C) 3 (D) 1 48. 
1  cos   cos 2

en
1 1
(A) tan  (B) cot 
44. The value of cos 20 + 2 sin2 55 – 2 sin 65 is 2 2
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) tan  (D) cot 
1 x  x
(C) –1 (D)

nt
2
49. If tan   = cosec x  sin x, then tan 2   is
2   2  
equal to
45. The value of (A) 2  5 (B) 52
Co
   3  5  7  (C) 5 +2 (D) 9 4 5
1  cos 1  cos 1  cos 1  cos  is
 8  8  8  8 
50. The value of
1 1
(A) (B) elog10 tan1  log10 tan 2  log10 tan 3..... log10 tan89 is
8 8
(A) 0 (B) e
1 1 1
(C) (D) (C) (D) 1
16 16
e

e
pl

Answer Key
m

Classwork Questions
1.. (D)
( 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (C) 9. (A) 10. (D)
11. (B) 12. (C) 13. (A) 14. (D) 15. (B) 16. (B) 17. (C) 18. (C) 19. (B) 20. (D)
Sa

21. (C) 22. (A) 23. (A) 24. (C) 25. (C) 26. (C) 27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (D) 30. (C)
31. (C) 32. (B) 33. (B) 34. (C) 35. (B) 36. (A) 37. (A) 38. (C) 39. (B) 40. (C)
41. (A) 42. (B) 43. (C) 44. (A) 45. (C) 46. (A) 47. (B) 48. (D) 49. (C) 50. (C)

Homework Questions
1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (B) 9. (D) 10. (B)
11. (B) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (A) 17. (B) 18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (B)
21. (B) 22. (A) 23. (A) 24. (D) 25. (D) 26. (C) 27. (B) 28. (C) 29. (A) 30. (B)
31. (B) 32. (A) 33. (C) 34. (D) 35. (B) 36. (C) 37. (D) 38. (B) 39. (B) 40. (D)
41. (D) 42. (B) 43. (B) 44. (B) 45. (A) 46. (B) 47. (A) 48. (C) 49. (B) 50. (D)

10
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II

Answers & Solutions

Homework Questions

1. (D) 2sin 45 sin  33 

sin A – sin B = 0 = + tan (180 – 33)
2cos 45 cos33
 sin A = sin B = tan 45 tan33 – tan 33
Also, sin A = sin( – A) = sin B
= tan 33 – tan 33
 A = B or  – A = B
= 0
 A = B or A + B = 
Since the angles are not supplementary. 5. (C)
 A=B

t
tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A tan B tan C
2. (B) …[Using Shortcut 21(vii)]

en
7   9   10   6 = 2  tan C
tan    tan    tan  
 6   4   3   tan C = 3
     
= tan      tan  2    tan  3   6. (C)
 6  4  3
   

nt
   sin   x   cos   x 
= tan  tan  tan 3  6 
6 4 3
1  3 1   3 1 
= +1+ 3 =  cos x  sin x    cos x  sin x 
3  2 2   2 2 
Co
1 3
= 1 = sin x
3
4 7. (B)
= 1+
3 tan   cosec   sin   cos  = sin 
13
3. (D) Given sec  =
12
 
e

We know, sin  = 2 sin  cos 12

2 2  cos  =
13
 
and cos  = 2cos2 – 1 = 1 – 2 sin2
pl

25
2 2  sin2  = 1 – cos2  =
     169
1  2sin  cos   2cos 2  1 5
1  sin   cos  2 2  2   sin  = …[ lies in IVth quadrant]
= 13
1  sin   cos     
m

1  2sin  cos  1  2sin 2 

2 2  2 5
Hence tan   cosec   sin   cos  =
   13
2sin  cos  2cos 2
= 2 2 2
  2 
8. (B)
Sa

2sin  cos  2sin

2 2 2 1
cos  = and tan  = –1
   2
2cos  sin  cos 
2 2 2 sin 
= tan  =
   cos 
2sin  sin  cos 
2 2 2 sin 
 –1 =
  1 
=  cot  
2  2
4. (C) 1
 sin  =
cos12  sin12 sin147 2

cos12  sin12 cos147 As cos  > 0 and tan  < 0
cos12  cos 78   lies in 3rd quadrant.
= + tan 147
cos12  cos 78  7
…  cos   sin  90       = 2 – =
4 4

11
 

Entrance: Mathematics
9. (D) By componendo-dividendo, we get
cos x cos 7x – cos 5x cos 13x n 1 sin  sin ( 2)
=
n 1 sin  sin (  2 )
1
= (2 cosx cos7x – 2 cos5x cos13x) 2sin( )cos 
2 =
2cos ( )sin 
1
= (cos 8x + cos 6x – cos 18x – cos 8x)  n 1  1 n
2  tan ( + ) =    tan  = tan 
 n1  1n
1
= (cos 6x – cos 18x)
2 13. (C)
 
1 cos 2  sin 2
= (2 sin 12x sin 6x) cos  2 2
2 =
1 sin  2  2   
cos  sin  2sin cos
= sin 12x sin 6x 2 2 2 2

t
= (2sin 6x cos 6x) sin 6x      
 cos  sin  cos  sin 
 2 2  2 2

en
= 2sin26x cos 6x = 2
  
 cos  sin 
10. (B)  2 2
cos A = sin B – cos C  
cos  sin
 cos A + cos C = sin B = 2 2
 

nt
A+ C AC cos  sin
 2cos    cos   = sin B 2 2
 2   2 

B AC B B Dividing numerator and denominator by cos ,
 2cos   cos   = 2sin cos 2
 2   2  2 2 we get
Co
B AC B B 
 2sin cos   = 2sin cos 1  tan
2  2  2 2 cos 
= 2 = tan     
  
1  sin  1  tan  4 2
AC B
 cos   = cos 2
 2  2
14. (B)
A–C=B
3sin 2A – 2sin 2B = 0
e

A=B+C
3
Now, in ABC,  sin 2B
= sin 2A …(i)
2
pl

A+B+C= 3sin2 A + 2sin2 B = 1

 2A =   3 sin2 A = 1 – 2 sin2 B
  3 sin2 A = cos 2 B …(ii)
A=
2 cos (A + 2B) = cos A cos 2B – sin A sin 2B
m

 3 
 cos A  cos C = cos  cos C = 0 = cos A(3 sin2 A) – sin A  sin 2A 
2 2 
…[From (i) and (ii)]
11. (B)
Sa

3
1  tan  1 = 3 cos A sin2 A – (sin A) (2 sin A cos A)
 2
1  tan  3 = 3 cos A sin2 A – 3 sin2 A cos A
  1 = 0
 tan     
4  3 
= cos
  2
 =   3 
4 6  A + 2B = …  0  A  2B 
   2  2 
=  =
4 6 12 15. (C)
A and B are supplementary angles.
12. (D)
 A + B = 180
sin  = n sin ( + 2)  B = 180 – A
n sin θ B A
   = 90 –
1 sin  θ +2α  2 2

12
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II
A B A A 19. (C)
 sin2 + sin2 = sin2 + sin2  90  
2 2 2  2 sin 20 sin 40 sin 60 sin 80
A A 3
= sin2 + cos2 = sin 20 sin (60  20) sin (60 + 20)
2 2 2
=1 3 1
=  sin 60
2 4
16. (A)
 1 
sin  A + B  cos  C + D  …  sin Asin(60  A)sin(60  A)  sin 3A 
  4 
sin  A  B  cos  C  D 
3 3 3
By componendo and dividendo, we get =  
8 2 16
sin  A + B   sin  A  B 
sin  A + B   sin  A  B  20. (B)

t
 3 5 7
cos  C + D   cos  C  D  sin .sin .sin .sin


en
16 16 16 16
cos  C + D   cos  C  D 
1   3  5 7  
=  2sin sin  2sin sin  

2sin A cosB 2cosC cosD
 4  16 16  16 16  
2cosA sinB 2sin C sinD
1      3  
 tan A cot B = –cot C cot D =  cos  cos  cos  cos  
4  8 4  8 4 

nt
17. (B) …[ 2 sin A sin B = cos (A  B)  cos (A + B)]
In ABC, A + B + C =   A + B =  – C
1   1   1 
A + B C  C =  cos   cos 8 
 tan    tan    tan    4  8 2 

2 
Co
 2   2  2 2
A B 1 2 π 1
tan tan =  cos  
2 2 = cot C 4 8 2

A B 2 1
1  tan tan 2  
2 2 =  2cos  1
8 8 
A B
tan  tan 1 
2 2 = 1 =  cos  …[ cos 2A = 2cos2 A  1]
e


A B C 8 4
1  tan tan tan
2 2 2 1 1 2
=
pl

C A B A B  
 tan  tan  tan   1  tan tan 8 2 16
2 2 2 2 2
A B B C 21. (B)
 tan   tan    tan   tan  
 2 2 2 2 Since, cos  + cos 2 + ... + cos n
m

C A  n 1  n 

 tan   tan    1 cos     sin  
2  2 =  2   2 

sin  
Sa

18. (C) 2

32 sin
A
sin
5A  cos a + cos 2a + …+ cos 18a
2 2  a  18a   18a 
cos   sin  
= 16(cos 2A  cos 3A)  2   2 
=
[ 2sin A sin B = cos(A  B)  cos (A + B)] a
sin  
2
= 16(2cos2A  1  4cos3A + 3cos A)
9 27 3  19a    
 cos   sin  
= 16  2   1  4   3    2  2   
 16 64 4  = …  a  (given) 
a  18 
3 sin  
  2
…  cos A  (given) 
 4 
 a
cos  9a  
 18  16  27  36   2
= 16   =
 16  a
 
sin  
= 11 2

13
 

Entrance: Mathematics

 a 24. (D)
cos   
 2 2     tan A + tan B
= …  cos       sin   tan(A + B) =
a  2   1  tanA tanB
sin  
2 5 1

a = 6 11
sin   5 1
2
=    = –1 1 
6 11
a
sin  
2  61 
 
=  66 
22. (A)  61 
1  
cot  =  66 
2
 tan(A + B) = 1
 tan  = 2 and


t
5 A+B=
sec  =  4
3

en
 cos  =
3 25. (D)
5 12
sin  =
4      13
 sin  = …     ,   
5   2   12 
2
25 5
 cos  = 1    = = 

nt
4  13  169 13
 tan  =
3
5
Consider,  cos  =  …[  lies in quadrant III]
13
tan   tan 
tan ( + ) = sin  12
Co
1  tan   tan   = tan  =
cos  5
 4  4
2  cos  =
=  3  5
 4 
1   2   2
 3   4  9 3
 sin  = 1     
64 2  5  25 5
= =
e

38 11 3
 sin  = …[  is in quadrant III]
5
23. (A)
sin  3
pl

Given, cos (  ), cos  and cos ( + ) are in  = tan  =

cos  4
H.P.
1 1 1 tan   tan 
 , , will be in A.P. tan ( – ) =
cos(   ) cos  cos(  ) 1  tan   tan 
m

2 1 1 12 3
   
cos  cos(  ) cos(  ) = 5 4
 12 3 
2 cos(  )  cos(  ) 1   
   5 4
Sa

cos  cos(   )cos(  )

48  15 33
2 2cos  cos  = =
  20  36 56
cos  cos 2   sin 2 
 cos2   sin2 = cos2  cos  26. (C)
 cos2   cos2  cos  = sin2  cos3 + cos3 (120 – ) + cos3(120 + )
 cos2  (1 – cos ) = sin2  3
= cos(3)
    4
 cos 2   2sin 2   4sin 2 cos 2
 2 2 2  cos310 + cos3110 + cos3130
 A A = cos3(10) + cos3(120 – 10)
…  sin A  2sin cos 
 2 2 + cos3(120 + 10)
 3
 cos 2  sec 2 2 = cos(3 × 10)
2 4
 3 3 3 3
 cos  sec  2 = × =
2 4 2 8

14
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II
27. (B) 30. (B)
(cos 2A + cos 2B) + cos 2C    
2sin      cos    
= 2 cos (A + B) cos (A  B) + cos 2C  3  6
 CD CD      
…  cosC  cos D  2cos   cos  2 sin  cos  cos  sin  =
  2 

 2   cos  cos  sin  sin 
 3 3  6 6
 3   sin  3 cos    3 cos  sin  
= 2cos   C  cos (A  B) + cos 2C  2       
 2  2 
 2 2   2
 3 
…  A  B  C  (given)   sin  3 cos  
 2       0
 2 2 
=  2 sin C cos (A  B) + 1  2 sin2 C
= 1 – 2 sin C {cos (A  B) + sin C}  sin  + 3 cos  = 0
  3   tan  = – 3

t
= 1 – 2 sin C cos(A  B)  sin   (A  B)  
  2  31. (B)

en
= 1 – 2 sin C{cos (A  B)  cos (A + B)} tan 3A = tan (2A + A)
= 1  2 sin C (2 sin A sin B) tan 2A  tan A
 tan 3A =
= 1  4 sin A sin B sin C 1  tan 2A tan A
 cos 2 A+cos 2 B+cos 2 C+ 4 sin A sin B sin C = 1  tan 3A – tan 3 A tan 2A tan A
= tan 2A + tan A
Aliter:

nt
 tan 3A  tan 2A  tan A
A + B + C = 270 = tan 3A – tan 2A – tan A
 A = B = C = 90
32. (A)
 cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C + 4 sin A sin B sin C
3
Co
= cos180 + cos180 + cos180 (a) sin 120 = sin(90 + 30) = cos 30 =
2
+ 4 sin90 sin 90 sin 90
(b) cos 930 = cos[(2  360) + 210]
= 1 1 1 + 4  1  1  1
= cos 210
= 3 + 4
= cos(180 + 30)
= 1
3
28. (C) = –cos30 = 
2
e

We have, A + B + C = 180 (c) tan 840 = tan[(2  360) + 120]

A B C = tan 120
   90 
2 2 2 = tan(90 + 30)
pl

 A B  C = –cot 30
 cot     cot  90  
 2 2   2 = – 3
A B (d) cot(–1110) = –cot 1110
m

cot .cot  1
2 2 C 1 = –cot[(3  360) + 30]
  tan 
B A 2 C = –cot 30
cot  cot cot
2 2 2 = – 3
 A B  C B A
Sa

  cot cot  1 cot  cot  cot 33. (C)

 2 2  2 2 2
sin 2  160  sin 180   
A B C C B A 
 cot cot cot  cot  cot  cot sin 2 70 sin 
2 2 2 2 2 2
  sin160
2
sin 
29. (A) = 
sin 2 70 sin 
Multiplying and dividing by 2 , we get 2
sin 160
= +1
 1 1  sin 2 70
cos15  sin15= 2 cos15  sin15 
 2 2  sin 180  20  
2

= 2 (cos 45 cos 15  sin 45 sin 15) = 2

+1
sin  90  20  
= 2 cos (45 + 15)
sin 2 20
…[ cos (A + B) = cos A cos B  sin A sin B] = 1
cos 2 20
1 1 = tan2 20 + 1
= 2  cos 60 = 2 
2 2 = sec220

15
 

Entrance: Mathematics
34. (D) 4 tan 2 4A + 4  4 tan 2 4A
= tan A + 2tan 2A +
sin   cos  tan 4A
tan  =
sin   cos  4
sin  sin   cos  = tan A + 2tan 2A +
 tan 4A
cos  sin   cos 
1  tan 2 2A
 sin sin + cos sin = sin cos – cos cos = tan A + 2tan 2A + 4 
2tan 2A
 cos cos + sin sin = sin cos  – cos sin
 cos( – ) = sin( – ) 2 1  tan 2 2A 
= tan A + 2tan 2A +
  tan 2A
 –= …  0    
4  2 2 tan 2A+2  2 tan 2 2A
2
= tan A +
 tan 2A
 =–
4 2
= tan A +

t
 tan 2A
 2 = 2 –
2

en
2 1  tan 2 A 


cos 2 = cos  2   = tan A +
2 tan A
 2
  1  tan 2 A
 = tan A +
= cos     2   tan A
 2 

nt
 tan 2 A + 1  tan 2 A
= cos   2  …[ cos(–) = cos] =
tanA
2 
 cos 2 = sin 2 1
=
tan A
Co
35. (B)
= cot A
b
a sin  = b cos   tan  = …(i)
a
37. (D)
a cos 2 + b sin 2
cot A cot B
 1  tan 2    2 tan   .
= a 2   b 2  1  cot A 1  cot B
 1  tan    1  tan  
1
e

  b2    b  =
1   2    2   (1  tan A)(1  tan B)
a a
= a   2    b   2  …[From (i)] 1
pl

  b    b  =
1   2   1   2   tan A  tan B  1  tan A tan B
  a     a  
1
 a 2  b2   2b a2  =
= a 2  b  2 1  tan A tan B  1  tan A tan B
2  2 
m

a b   a a b 
  tan(A  B)  tan 225 
a  a 2  b2  b  2ab  … 
=  2   tan A  tan B  1  tan A tan B 
a 2  b2 a  b2
1
Sa

a  ab 2  2ab 2
3
=
= 2
a 2  b2
a 3  ab 2 38. (B)
=
a 2  b2
1 1
a  a 2  b2  Given: tan A =
2
, tan B =
3
=
a 2  b2
2 tan B
=a tan=
2B
1  tan 2 B
36. (C) 1
2 
Given, tan A + 2 tan 2A + 4 tan 4A + 8 cot 8A 3
=  2
1  tan 2 4A 1
= tan A + 2tan 2A + 4tan 4A + 8  1  
2 tan 4A 3
4 1  tan 2 4A  2 9 3
= tan A + 2tan 2A + 4tan 4A + =  =
tan 4A 3 8 4

16
 

Chapter 3: Trigonometry - II
tan A  tan 2B 42. (B)
tan(A + 2B) =
1  (tan A)(tan 2B) tan 1 = k cot 2
1 3 tan 1
    =k
2 4 cot 2
=    
  3 
1
1     tan 1  cot 2 k  1
 2  4   
tan 1  cot 2 k  1
(4  6)
= sin 1 sin 2  cos 1 cos 2 k  1
83  
10 sin 1 sin 2  cos 1 cos 2 k  1
=
5 cos 1 cos 2  sin 1 sin 2 k  1
 
=2 cos 1 cos 2  sin 1 sin 2 1  k
39. (B) cos(1  2 ) k  1
 

t
3 sin  = 2 sin 3  cos(1  2 ) 1  k
= 2(3 sin  – 4 sin3 ) cos(1  2 ) 1  k

en
3  
 8 sin  – 3 sin  = 0 cos(1  2 ) 1  k
 sin  (8 sin2  – 3) = 0
3 3
 sin  = 0 or sin  =  =  43. (B)
8 2 2
1

nt
3 cot 2 + tan  = + tan 
 sin  = …[ 0 <  < ] tan 2
2 2
1  tan 2 
40. (D) = + tan 
2 tan 
1 1
Co
 1  tan 2 
cos 290o 3 sin 250o =
2 tan 
1 1
= + =
1
= cosec 2
cos (360o  70o ) 3 sin (180o  70o ) sin 2
1 1
=  2x x kx
cos700 3 sin 70o Now, cot + tan = cosec
3 3 3
e

3 sin 70o  cos70o 2x kx

=  cosec = cosec
3 sin 70o cos70o 3 3
pl

3 1 k=2
sin 70o  cos70o
2 2 sin (70o  30o )
= =
3 3
(sin 70o cos 70o ) (2sin 70o cos 70o ) 44. (B)
2 4
m

4sin 40o 4sin 40o 4 cos 20 + 2sin2 55 – 2 sin 65
= = 
3 sin140 o
3 sin 40 o
3 = cos 20 + 1 – cos 2(55) – 2 sin 65

41. (D) …[2sin2 = 1 – cos 2]

Sa

1 sin 2 = cos 20 – cos 110 – 2 sin 65 + 1

 3  = 2sin 65 sin 45 – 2 sin 65 + 1
cos  2  2  tan    
 4 
 1 
1    3    = 2sin 65   – 2 sin 65 + 1
 sin 2  cot  cot      2
4  2  2 2 
= 2 sin 65 – 2 sin 65 + 1 = 1
 2  2  
1 2sin  cos  1  cos 2  sin 2 
=   2sin  cos     45. (A)
 tan  1  4
cos 2   sin  cos  
  2 2   π  7   3π  5 
 1 tan    1 + cos  1  cos  1 + cos  1  cos 
 8  8  8  8 
 cos   sin  
2
1 cos  
=   2sin  cos    2   π  π  3π 3π 
 cos   sin   4  sin   =
 1 + cos  1  cos  1 + cos  1  cos 
cos 2    8  8  8  8 
 cos   sin  
= 1  cos2 = sin2 …[ cos (  ) =  cos ]

17
 

Entrance: Mathematics

π 3 48. (C)
= 1  cos 2   1  cos 2 
 8  8  sin  sin 2 sin  2sin  cos 
=
π 3π 1  cos   cos 2 2cos 2  cos 
= sin2 sin2
8 8
2
[ 1 + cos 2 = 2 cos2 ]
 1 π 3π 
=
 2 sin .sin  sin (1  2cos )
4  8 8  =
2 cos (1  2cos )
1  π π
=  cos  cos 
4  4 2 = tan 
1
= 49. (B)
8
x
2 tan
46. (B) 2
sin x =

t
A 1  cos A x
Since, tan = 1  tan 2
2

en
2 sin A
Putting A = 15, we get 2y   x 
 = ...  Let y  tan   
 1 1  cos15 1  y2  2
 
tan  7  =
2  sin15
x 1
tan = cosec x  sin x =  sin x
3 1 2 sin x

nt
1
= 2 2
1  y2 2y
3 1 y= 
2y 1  y2
2 2
 2y2 (1 + y2) = 1 + y4 + 2y2  4y2
Co
2 2  3 1 3 1
= 
3 1 3 1  1  y4  4y2 = 0
2 6  2 2  3  3  3 1  y4 + 4y2  1 = 0
=
 3
2
 12 4  16  4 4  20
 y2 = =
2 2
2 6 2 32 2 4
=
x
e

2  tan2   = 2  5
= 6  3 2 2 2  
pl

x
47. (A) But, tan2   ≠ 2  5
2  
5(tan2 x – cos2x) = 2 cos 2x + 9
 5 tan2 x – 5 cos2 x = 2 (2 cos2 x – 1) + 9 x
 tan2   =  2 + 5
 5 (sec2 x – 1) = 9 cos2 x + 7
m

2  
5
 = 9 cos2 x + 12
cos 2 x 50. (D)
2
Let cos x = t tan 1 tan 2 tan 3 ... tan 89
Sa

 9t2 + 12t – 5 = 0
= (tan 1 tan 89) (tan 2 tan 88)...
 (3t – 1) (3t + 5) = 0
1 5 (tan 44 tan 46) tan 45

t= …  t   
3  3 = (tan 1 cot 1) (tan 2 cot 2)...(tan 44 cot 44)
1 ...[ tan (90  ) = cot ]
 cos2 x =
3
= 1  1  1  ...  1 ...[ tan  cot  = 1]
1 1
cos 2x = 2 cos2 x – 1 = 2   – 1 = 
 3 3 = 1
2
cos 4x = 2 cos 2x – 1  elog10 tan 1  log10 tan 2 log10 tan 3.... log10 tan 89
2
 1
= 2  – 1 = e log10 (tan 1 tan 2 tan 3....tan 89 )
 3
7 = elog10 1
= 
9 = e0 = 1

18