FIQH SYLLABUS FOR CLASS 10

Lesson Topic Date Completed

NOTES GUIDANCE [ ]

LESSON 1 - EHKAME MAYYIT – INTRODUCTION & SAKARAAT [ ]

LESSON 2 - EHKAME MAYYIT – GHUSL [ ]

LESSON 3 - EHKAME MAYYIT – HUNOOT [ ]

LESSON 4 - EHKAME MAYYIT – KAFAN [ ]

LESSON 5 - EHKAME MAYYIT – SALAATE MAYYIT [ ]

LESSON 6 - EHKAME MAYYIT – LAST FAREWELL & BURIAL [ ]

LESSON 7 - EHKAME MAYYIT – VISITING THE GRAVEYARDS [ ]

LESSON 8 - LIFE AFTER DEATH – INTRODUCTION [ ]

LESSON 9 - LIFE AFTER DEATH – BARZAKH [ ]

LESSON 10 - LIFE AFTER DEATH – QUESTIONING IN THE GRAVE [ ]

LESSON 11 - LIFE AFTER DEATH – RAJ’AT – QIYAMATE SUGHRA [ ]

LESSON 12 - QIYAMAH – HISAB [ ]

LESSON 13 - QIYAMAH – SIRAAT [ ]

LESSON 14 - QIYAMAH – INTERCESSION [SHAFA’AT] [ ]

LESSON 15 - QIYAMAH – PARADISE [ ]

LESSON 16 - QIYAMAH – HELL [ ]

LESSON 17 - QIYAMAH – A’RAAF [ ]

LESSON 18 - TAQLEED [ ]

LESSON 19 - GHUSL [ ]

LESSON 20 - GIRLS ONLY: GHUSL FOR WOMEN [ ]

LESSON 21 - NAFILA [ ]

LESSON 22 - HAJ [ ]

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Notes Guidance
As you read through the notes, you will see a symbol. The symbol that you will
come across is the book  symbol. There will be a number next to it. The
number will be the Masail Rule number from the Risala. This will help you find
the masail in your risala

E.g.

 546 – this talks of makruh actions performed for a dying person.

Apart from symbols, the following words have been used extensively in the
notes; therefore, their definitions have been given below.

1. Wajib: Obligatory on every Baligh person.

2. Wajibe Kifai: Obligatory on everyone who is Baligh, but if one
person does it, then the others are freed from
the responsibility.
3. Ehtiyate Wajib: An obligatory precaution.
4. Haraam: Forbidden to all Muslims.
5. Mustahab: Recommended to perform.
6. Makrooh: Not recommended to perform (undesirable,
disliked by Allah).

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 1

EHKAME MAYYIT - INTRODUCTION & SAKARAAT

One thing that a human being forgets despite being reminded repeatedly is
death. Allah (S) has said in the Holy Qur'an:

"Every soul shall taste death" (Ali Imran, 3:185 )

“Wherever you will be, death will overtake you, even if you are in [strong
and] lofty towers.” (An-Nisa, 4:78)

One should try to keep in mind the fact that his or her life may come to an end
at any time, sometimes without warning. We have seen young and old die
before us, and consequently it is important that we should be well prepared to
leave this world at all times.

Why am I in this world for such a short time? What is my purpose?

To answer these questions, lets experiment.

Experiment
Consider why you go to school. Compare it to why you are in this world.

I hope my You do your homework and observe

hard work school rules so that your stay in school
pays off is comfortable and to pass your exams.

You go to school so
that you obtain
enough knowledge
and skills to earn
You work hard so that you can your livelihood.
provide for yourself and family
as many worldly comforts as
possible.

Results to above experiment

School This world

Go to school for a set number of years My life will come to an end – I am not here
forever
Homework is done and school rules Knowledge and wealth are acquired but
observed to make stay in school my aim is to obtain Allah’s pleasure and
comfortable and to pass exams reward
Obtain enough knowledge and skills to Perform actions that will improve my
earn your livelihood and be a better citizen status in the hereafter

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SAKARAAT OR EHTEZAAR

Just Before Death

This is the time just before death. At this time there are two persons involved:
1. Dying person;
2. Family members around the dying person.

We are the family

I am the dying members and we have
person and I to perform wajib and
have the mustahab actions.
following to do: There are also a few
makruh actions that we
can avoid. So, what are
they??
I have to
prepare my will; QUIBLA

I have to inform my son of my qadha

salaat, fasts and also let him know
which monies are due for zakaat and
khums;

Lastly I have to ask for

forgiveness for my sins from
Allah [s.w.t] i.e. do istighfar

Wajib Action -  539

It is Wajib to lay a dying person on their back with the face and soles of feet
facing Qiblah, if possible.

QUIBLA

Mustahab Actions -  545

1. Recite and understand Kalimae Shahadatayn, Kalimae Faraj, the names
of the Twelve Imams (A) and other beliefs. This should be done to the last
breath.
According to Hadith, he whose last words are "La ilaha Illallah"
shall enter Jannat.
2. Recite Surae Yasin, Wasaffat, Ahzab, Ayatul Kursi, 54th
Ayat of Surae A'raaf, and last 3 ayats of Surae Baqarah
and to recite Holy Qur'an as much as possible. This will
help the soul to depart peacefully.
3. If dying person is in difficulty, place him at the place where he regularly
said his prayers. It is better to also recite Du'ae Adeela in these cases.

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Makrooh Actions -  546 [Avoid these actions]
1. Leaving the dying person alone.
2. Laying hands on his body or to keep anything on his stomach.
3. For those in the state of Haidh (Menses) or Janabat to stay near the dying
person.
4. Talking a lot or crying too much.

Just After Death

Wajibe Kifai Action -  548

Administering Ghusl, Kafan, Salaatul Mayyit and Burial. If nobody attends to

these duties, everybody would be sinning. Committees are usually appointed to
administer Ghusl and Kafan.

Ehtiyate Wajib Action -  548

Before beginning the above rituals, permission of the Wali (Guardian) of the
deceased be obtained.

Mustahab Actions -  547

1. To close his lips, eyes and mouth; to keep his arms
and legs straight and to cover the whole body with a
sheet of clothe.
2. To have sufficient lighting if it is dark.
3. To inform and insist on Mu'mineen to take part in the burial.

Makrooh Actions -  546 [Avoid these actions]

1. To leave the dead body alone.
2. For those in the state of Haidh (Menses) or Janabat to go near the dead
body.
3. To delay the rituals before burial.

Introduction & Sakaraat

 Dying person to prepare will, do Istighfaar and inform family members of
any qadha namaaz, fasts, any zakaat or khums due.
 People around the dying person to lay him facing on his back with the face
and soles of feet facing quibla and recite Qur’an as much as possible.
 Just after death, close his eyes and mouth and keep his arms and legs
straight and cover the body.
 Administer ghusl, kafan, salaatul mayyit and burial.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 2

EHKAME MAYYIT - GHUSL

It is Wajibe Kifai to give Ghusl or ritual baths to the body of every

dead Muslim, irrespective of the person’s sect or creed i.e. it does
not matter if the dead person is Shia or Sunni, nor whether the
person is Khoja or non-Khoja.

It is Wajibe Kifai to give Ghusl to a miscarried child of four months or more.

Only in the case of a child miscarried before four months in the womb is Ghusl
not necessary. In this case, the child’s body should be wrapped in a piece of
cloth and buried.

The people doing the Ghusl must not disclose any defects that they
noticed on the dead body and Allah writes off the sins of these people in
such a way as if they were born on the same day.

Three Ghusls must be administered to the corpse:  556

1st Ghusl
+ = Aabe - Sidr

2nd Ghusl
+ = Aabe - Kaafur

3rd Ghusl
= Aabe - Khalis

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How to Perform Ghusl  571
1. The way of giving Ghusl to the corpse is the same as performing Ghusl for
Janabat.
2. Three Ghusls should be given one after the other.
3. Niyyat (intention) should be performed before starting to give Ghusl by all
participants (even those who help with the water), as follows:

Niyyat: I am giving Ghusl to this corpse, with (type of water used to give Ghusl)
Wajib Qurbatan Ilallah.

Head and neck should then be washed, followed by the right hand side and the
left hand side of the body. It is Ehtiyate Wajib to follow this procedure for
washing the body.

rd
3 -Wash left side

Wash head nd
& neck first 2 -Wash right side

It is necessary to cover the private parts of the corpse at all times even if the
performers are of the same sex as the dead person.  568

Rules for Ghusl

Water  557
The leaves of the berry plant or camphor must not be in such a quantity as to
change the colour of the water, so that the water mixtures become Aabe-Muzaf
(impure water);
nor so little that it cannot be distinguished whether the water has been mixed
with camphor or berry leaves.  557
When there is no water available at all then for each Ghusl performed
Tayammum will be administered and a forth Tayammum because of the inability
to give Ghusl with water.  574

Berry Leaves & Camphor  560

If these are not available the respective Ghusls may instead be performed with
pure water; or
If they are Ghasbi, then the respective Ghusls may instead be performed with
pure water.
In such cases, it is Ehtiyate Wajib that the corpse be given Tayammum (with
appropriate Niyyat) as a substitute for the Ghusls in which the berry leaves and
camphor were supposed to have been used.

If one dies in the state of Ehram, camphor must not be used for the
second Ghusl. In this case, both second and third Ghusls are
performed with pure water.  559

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Qualities of a Person Administering Ghusl  561
1. A Shia Ithna'asheri Muslim.
2. Baligh.
3. Of sound mind.
4. Aware of the rules of Ghusl.
5. The same sex as the dead person. (Some exceptions to this rule are given
later.)

Mustahab Actions
1. At least two persons should be engaged for giving Ghusl. One should pour
water on the dead body, while the other should change its sides.
2. The soles of the feet of the dead body should face Qiblah.
3. Ghusl should not be given under the open sky, but in a
covered place or a house.
4. Wudhuu may be given to the dead body before the Ghusls.
5. The person giving Ghusl should be on the right side of the body, and
before each of the three Ghusls, they should wash their own arms up to
the elbows.
6. If the dead person has Ghusle Janabat due, then it may be given before
the three Ghusls of Mayyit.
7. All participants should recite Du'a and ask for the forgiveness of the dead
person throughout the Ghusls.
8. When the Ghusls are over, the dead body should be dried.

Relevant Rules During Ghusl

1. A person giving Ghusl must do it with the sole intention of
pleasing and obeying Allah. It is Haraam to take payment for
it. If a person does this work in order to obtain financial
reward for his labour, such Ghusl will be Batil (void). However, one can
charge for provision of means and materials for the Ghusl or Kafan. 
562/573
2. If part of the dead body is Najis, then it should be made Pak before giving
Ghusl. However, it is better to clean the whole body with soap (to remove
oil, dirt etc) before giving Ghusl.  570
3. If the clothes on the body cannot be undone, they may
be cut away with the permission of the Wali. All rings,
watches, etc must be removed prior to starting Ghusl.

Other Relevant Rules Regarding Ghusl

1. It is not permitted for a man to give Ghusl to a woman and vice-versa.
Exception to this rule is only made in the case of a man and wife, where
one is allowed to give Ghusl to the other. It is Mustahab to avoid this if
circumstances permit.  565
2. Both men and women are allowed to give Ghusl to the body of a child of
up to three years of age, regardless of its sex. 566
3. The Ghusl of a Muslim child born out of wedlock is also necessary. 563

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4. One who has been suffering from mental illness from childhood and with
the same condition has become Baligh, if he can be considered a Muslim,
then it is necessary to give Ghusl to such a person when he dies. Ghusl,
Kafan and other duties are not allowed for a non-Muslim or his child.
563
5. If a male is not available to undertake the work of Ghusl for the corpse of a
male, his female relatives e.g. mother, sister or aunt (i.e. father's or
mother's sister) may give Ghusl from behind a cloth. Similarly, if the dead
person is a female, male Mahram relatives from her family may give Ghusl
if no female is available.  567
6. If a person dies in the state of Haidh (menses) or Janabat, there is no
need to give extra Ghusl for Haidh or Janabat. Once the above-mentioned
three Wajib Ghusls have been administered, no other Ghusl will be
required.  572
7. In cases where water is not available, or for some other reason
it is difficult to give Ghusl (e.g. because of extensive injury to
the dead body), then three Tayammum should be given as
substitutes for the three Wajib Ghusls. It is Ehtiyate
Wajib that one more Tayammum be given as a
substitute for all the three Ghusls. If a person during
one of the Tayammums makes Niyyat that he/she is
giving Tayammum to the corpse in order to fulfil what is
required by Shariat, then there will be no need for the 4th Tayammum.
574
8. The person giving Tayammum to the corpse must administer it with his
own hands. It is Ehtiyate Wajib that after this the hands of the corpse
should be used in giving all Tayammums again for the second time if
possible. 575
9. After the Ghusls are over, the dead body is Pak. However, all participants
must then perform Ghusle Masse-Mayyit themselves (the Ghusl for having
touched a cold dead body.) Those people, who touch the body after the
three Ghusls, do not have to perform Ghusle Masse-Mayyit.  532

Ghusl
 Three ghusls given with:
a.) Water & Berry Leaves – 1st Ghusl
b.) Water & Camphor – 2nd Ghusl
c.) Water only – 3rd Ghusl
 Ghusl is performed the same way you would perform Ghusl Janabat
 Person administering ghusl must be of the same sex as the dead person.
 If water in not available, then 3 tayammums must be given and it as
Ehtiyate Wajib that one more tayammum be given as a substitute for all 3
ghusls.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 3

EHKAME MAYYIT - HUNOOT

Hunoot means to rub some camphor on those seven parts of the body which
are placed on the ground during prostration (sajdah) in Salaat i.e. forehead,
palms, knees and toes.

Wajib Action  591

After Ghusl, Hunoot must be given to a dead person. The appropriate Niyyat
must be made. It is better to give Hunoot before the corpse is shrouded
although it can be done during or after the corpse is shrouded.
The camphor must be fresh and powdered. If it has lost its scent, it will not be
considered sufficient. Camphor
applied to
palms

Camphor
applied to
forehead

Camphor
Camphor applied
applied to to toes
knees
Ehtiyate Wajib Actions
1. Camphor should be applied to the forehead first, but for the other parts no
particular order is required.  592
2. No other perfume should be applied to the dead body along with camphor
or without it.  596

Mustahab Actions
1. To rub some camphor on the nose and chest of the deceased person.
591
2. To mix little Turbah (earth from the grave of Imam Husain (A) with
camphor, but it must not be of such quantity that when mixed with
camphor it can no longer be called camphor. Such mixture of Turbah must
not be applied to any place that may cause disrespect.  597

Camphor
Camphor applied to chest
applied to
nose

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Other Relevant Rules
1. If sufficient camphor is not available or it is just enough for Ghusl, then
Hunoot is not necessary. 598
2. Application of camphor is not allowed if a person dies in the state of Ehram
for Haj or Umra. Except if the death has taken place after completion of
Sa'ee (walking seven times between Saffa and Marwa). 594
3. If a woman dies during her Iddah (waiting period after the death of her
husband), it is still necessary to give her Hunoot although she was not
allowed to use perfume during her Iddah. 595

Hunoot
 Apply camphor to the 7 parts of the body which are placed on the ground
during sajdah in salaah. These are the forehead, palms, knees and toes.
 It is Ehtiyate wajib to apply camphor to the forehead first.
 It is mustahab to rub some camphor on the nose and chest.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 4

EHKAME MAYYIT - KAFAN

Kafan (shrouding) must be done after the Ghusl is over. The minimum (Wajib)
Kafan consists of three pieces of cloth, however it is usual and Mustahab to use
seven pieces in the case of males and eight in the case of females. It is
Mustahab to use white cotton cloth. The cloth should not be cut with a metal
instrument if possible.

Wajib Parts of the Kafan  576 – 590

1. Lungi: This is a loin cloth, which must cover the body from the navel to the
knees, although it is Mustahab that it should cover the body from the chest
to the feet. The approximate size of Lungi is 60" x 54" (150cms X 135cms).
Wajib to
cover from
navel to
knees Mustahab
to cover
from chest
to feet

2. Perahan: This is a shirt, which must be large enough to cover the body
from the shoulders to the upper half of the legs. It is Mustahab to also
cover the upper portion of the feet. The approximate size of Perahan is 36"
x 110" (90cms x 275cms).

Wajib to cover
from shoulder to
upper half of the Mustahab
legs to cover up
to upper
portion of
feet

3. Chaadar: This is an overall sheet which must be wide enough to wrap

around the body with one side overlapping the other, and long enough
such that both ends (at the head and feet) can be tied up when the body is
wrapped in it. Approximate size of Chaadar is 60" x 90" (150 cm x 225
cm).

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Mustahab Parts of the Kafan

These are 4 pieces for men and 5 pieces for women.

For the Male

1. Rann Pech: This is a piece of cloth to cover the private parts and must be
long enough to wrap it on the two thighs. The approximate size is 16" x
108" (40cms x 270cms).
2. Amama: This is a piece of cloth that is wound on the head like a turban.
The approximate size is 6" x 108" (15cms x 270cms)
3. Kamarband: This piece of cloth is tied like a belt to hold the Lungi in place.
4. Second Chaadar: This piece is the same size as the Wajib Chaadar, and
is used to secure the other pieces inside.

Kamarband
nd
2 Chaadar

Amama
Rann
Pech

Seena Band
– for women
ONLY

For the Female

1. Rann Pech: This piece is the same as that for a male.
2. Seena Band: This piece of cloth is used to cover the breasts. The
approximate size is 12" x 90" (30 cms x 225 cms).
3. Makna: This piece covers the head just like in Salaat. The approximate
size is 25" x 55" (63 cms x 140 cms).
4. Kamarband: This piece is the same as that for a male.
5. Second Chaadar: This piece is the same as for the male.

Jareeda  599
Jareeda are fresh twigs (without leaves) cut from a tree. This is a Mustahab
action, which has been highly recommended.

“A lot of emphasis has been given by our Imams (A) to place Jareeda on both
sides of the dead body. The reason given is that as long as the twigs remain
green, the body will be spared from Fishaar (the squeezing in the grave.)”

Preference is given to the twigs of date palms. If that is not

available then twigs from pomegranate (Daaram) tree may
be used and if these are not available then from any other
tree.

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The twigs should be of arms length and the name of the dead person together
with his testimony in the Kalima and the Imams (A) should be inscribed on
them.
The twig on the right side should touch the armpit while the one on the left hand
side should be kept above the armpit. The Chaadar is then wrapped around the
body.

Other Relevant Rules to the Kafan

1. The cloth used for Kafan must not be transparent such that the body can
be seen.  584
2. If the Kafan becomes Najis, it is Wajib to make it Paak, even if the body is
already placed in the grave. The Kafan can be made Paak in one of the
following ways:  588
a. Washing the Najis part.
b. Cutting away the Najis part.
c. Changing the Kafan.
3. It is Mustahab to possess Kafan during one's lifetime, along with camphor
and the berry leaves as required for a dead person. According to Holy
Prophet (S), one who keeps his or her Kafan ready will not be counted
among those who have been unmindful of death.  590
4. A man has to pay for his own Kafan. The Kafan of a deceased wife must
be provided by her husband, even though she may have her own property.
The husband has also to manage for the Kafan of the deceased wife who
was divorced by Talaake-Raja'e (revocable divorce) and her Iddah (waiting
period) had not expired before her death.  581/582

Kafan
 The minimum (Wajib) Kafan consists of three pieces of cloth: Lungi,
Perahan and Chaadar.
 The Mustahab parts for men are: Rann Pech, Amama, Kamarband and
second chaadar.
 The Mustahab parts for women are Rann Pech, Seena Band, Kamarband,
Amama and second chaadar.
 A highly recommended mustahab act is Jareeda [twigs]. The twig on the
right side should touch the armpit while the one on the left hand side
should be kept above the armpit.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 5

EHKAME MAYYIT - SALAATE MAYYIT

After Ghusl and Kafan, it is Wajib to pray Salaate Mayyit for a dead Muslim who
is six years or older. For a child younger than six years it is Mustahab to pray
the Salaat. It is greatly rewardable (Thawaab) to join this prayer.  600

“According to one tradition, Jannat becomes due for a person who offers this
prayer, provided he is not a hypocrite (Munafiq) or disowned (Aaq) by his
parents.”

Relevant Rules regarding Salaate Mayyit  603

1. Taharat of the body or dress is not necessary.
2. Ghusl, Wudhu or Tayammum is not Wajib.
3. Salaate Mayyit must be prayed facing Qiblah with the Niyyat of Jamaat.
4. The Takbirs must be said in a consecutive order without an interval which
may distort the form of the prayer (Tarteeb).
5. In congregation of Salaate Mayyit, everyone has to recite the whole prayer
(unlike in other Jamaat Salaat). It is not correct just to say "ALLAHU
AKBER", and remain silent between the Takbirs. Such a prayer is Batil.
6. The body should be placed in such a way that the head of the body is on
the right hand side of those who offer the prayer and they must be
standing close to the corpse.

QUIBLA

Imam to stand
here if dead
Imam to stand here if person is
dead person is male female

All standing as close as possible to each other

Mustahab Actions  618

1. If possible, the prayer should be said with Wudhu, Ghusl or Tayammum as
necessary.
2. In the case of a male deceased, the person praying alone (Furada) or as
an Imam, should stand in front to the middle part of the body, if the
deceased is a female, the person praying should stand in front of her
chest.
3. The person praying should be bare-footed.
4. When saying a Takbir, one should raise his hands.
5. The prayer should be said in congregation.
6. The person leading the prayer (Imam-e-Jamaat) should say all the Takbirs
and Dua's loudly, and others should say them in a low tone.
7. Before the prayer, "AS-SALAH" should be said aloud three times.

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Method of Praying Salaate Mayyit  615
The prayer of Mayyit has five Takbirs (Allahu Akber).

1. Niyyat 2. Recite 1st Takbir and then Kalimae

Shadatain

Ash-Hadu Al-Laa
I am praying Ilaha Illallahu
Salaate Mayyit for (Wah Da Huu La
this corpse, Wajib Sharika Lah) Wa
Qurbatan Ilallah Anna
Muhammadur-
Rasoolullah

3. Recite 2nd Takbir and then Salawat 4. Recite 3rd Takbir and offer prayers
for all the believers & Muslims

Allahumma Swalli Allahummaghfir

'Ala Muhammadin Lil Mu'mineena
Wa Aali Wal Mu'minaat
Muhammad

5. Recite 4th Takbir and offer prayers 6. Recite 5th Takbir & the prayers
especially for the deceased person have ended. After completion recite

Rabbana Aatina
Allahummaghfir Li Fid-Dunya
Haazal Mayyit [For Hasanatanw Wa
Man]; Fil- Akhirati
& Hasanatanw
Allahummaghfir Li Waqina Azaban-
Haazihil Mayyit [For Naar.
Woman]

Salaate Mayyit
 Taharat of the body or dress is not necessary.
 It must be prayed with niyyat of jamaat and the takbirs must be said in a
consecutive order.
 You have to recite the whole prayer.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 6

EHKAME MAYYIT - AAKHERI VIDA (LAST FAREWELL) & BURIAL

Before the face of the dead person is finally covered up by the Kafan and tied
up, the nearest relatives are called to have a last glimpse of the face. At this
time, it is essential to bear in mind that only MAHRAM (those people who were
not allowed to marry that person by Islamic Sharia) should come forward to see
the face.

It is Wajibe Kifai to bury the dead body of a Muslim. The various stages of the
procedure of burial are described next.

Carrying Of The Dead Body (Janaza)

Mustahab Actions

1. Four people to place the four corners of the Janaza on their shoulders
while carrying it towards the grave yard.

2. It is also Mustahab to start bearing the Janaza from the side where the
right hand shoulder of the corpse lies, and to continue in an anti-clockwise
direction. The bearers should not move across the front of the Janaza or
underneath it. Start
here

DO NOT MOVE
ACROSS THE
FRONT OR
UNDERNEATH

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Burial
Wajib Actions
1. The body must be buried in a way that no smell would spread and no
beast can take it out.  620
2. The body must be placed in the grave such that its right side touches the
ground and the whole front portion of the body is facing Quiblah. In places
where coffins have to be used, then similar rules apply.
 621 / 622 QUIBLA

Place
body on
this
shoulder

3. It is not allowed to bury a Muslim in a non-Muslim graveyard and vice-

versa.  627

Mustahab Actions  635

1. The depth of the grave should be equal to the height of a person of a
medium size.
2. Just before burial, the body should be placed on
the ground some feet away from the grave. The Janaza should then be
raised and placed on the ground again. The procedure is repeated three
times, each time bringing it closer to the grave before finally resting it in the
grave.
3. For males, the head should first be entered into the grave from the end
where his feet will eventually lie. Finally, it is laid down in the prescribed
position.
Body to be
QUIBLA entered from
here, head
first

Head will eventually rest here

4. For females, the body should first be placed at the side of the grave and
then the body should be carried sideways, the whole body entering the
grave at once. Finally, it is laid down in the prescribed position. While
laying the body into the grave, it should be shielded from the view of
onlookers with a piece of cloth.

QUIBLA Body to enter grave all at once from here

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5. When the body is placed in the grave, the ties of the shroud should be
opened and the right cheek should be placed on the ground. The head
should be placed on a pillow made from some earth.
6. Talqeen should be recited. (see Appendix 1)
7. With the exception of the relatives of the deceased, other present should
pour the soil into the grave with the back of their hands and say:
“INNA LILLAHI WA INNA ILAIHI RAJI'OON”
(We are from God and to Him we will return)
8. After burial, the surface of the grave should be formed into a rectangular
shape and it should be raised 4" (10cms) from the ground with a sign on it
to make it recognizable. It is Makruh to raise it more.
9. Some water should be poured on the grave.
10. The people present should thrust their fingers into the grave so that finger
marks remain in it (Tanzeel), and recite Surae Qadr seven times and ask
Allah to forgive the deceased and say:
“ALLA HUMMA JAAFIL ARDHA AN JAMBAYHI WAS'ID ILAIKA ROOHAHU
WA LAKKI HII MINKA RIDHWANAN WA ASKIN QABRAHUU MIR RAH
MATIKA MA TUGHNEEHI BIHA MIN SIWAAK.”
"Lord, make the earth spacious on both his sides and raise his soul to Yourself.
Meet him with a merciful welcome. Fill up his grave with mercy to make
him needless of the mercy of others besides Yourself"
11. After the people leave the grave, one of the deceased's relatives (Waaris)
or one who is authorized by the guardian of the deceased should read
Talqeen again on the grave.  638
12. People should console the relatives of the deceased, and not aggravate
their grief by vain talking and joking. It is also recommended that for three
days after the death, the people of the house of the deceased should be
served food; it is Makrooh to eat in their residence or near them. 639
13. It is Wajib for the wife of a dead person to observe Iddah (mourning).
During this period she should not adorn herself or wear colourful clothes.

Aakheri Vida (Last Farewell) & Burial

 It is Wajib-e-Kifai to bury the dead body of a muslim.
 It is Mustahab to start bearing the Janaza from the side where the right
hand shoulder of the corpse lies and to continues in an anti=clockwise
direction. The bearers should not move across the front of the Janaza or
underneath it.
 It is wajib to bury the body in a way that no smell would spread and no
beast can take it out.
 The must be placed on its right side and the whole front portion facing
quibla.
 It is wajib for the wife of a dead person to observe Iddah.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 7

EHKAME MAYYIT - VISITING THE GRAVEYARD (ZIYARATE QUBOOR) &

SALAATE WAHSHAT

Those who are alive should not forget their dead relatives, but should offer alms
(Sadaqah), and perform good deeds on their behalf for the Thawaab of their
souls (Rooh). Children whose parents disowned them (Aaq) may regain the
pleasure of their parents in this way.
The souls of the dead are pleased when their graves are visited.

It is Mustahab for males to visit the graves to recite Fatiha on:

1. Mondays and Saturdays; and
2. Thursdays and Fridays at the time of 'Asr.

While entering the graveyard it is Mustahab to recite the following Du'a:

“BISMILLAHIR RAHMAANIR RAHIM

ASSALAMU 'ALA AHLI LAA ILAHA ILLALLAHU MIN AHLI LAA ILAHA
ILLALLAH.
YAA AHLI LAA ILAHA ILLALLAHU KAYFA WAJADTUM QAWLA LAA ILAHA
ILLALLAH MIN LAA ILAHA ILLALLAH?
YAA LAA ILAHA ILLALLAHU, BIHAQQI LAA ILAHA ILLALLAHU, IGHFIR
LIMAN QAALA LAA ILAHA ILLALLAH.
WAHSHURNA FI ZUMRATI MAN QAALA LAA ILAHA ILLALLAH,
MUHAMMADUR RASOOLULLAH, ALIYYUN WALIYULLAH, WASIYYU
RASOOLULLAH”

The meaning of this prayer is:

“In the Name of Allah, The Most Kind, The Most Merciful.
Greetings on you O those who have faith in "Laa Ilaha Illallah" (i.e. There is no
God but Allah) from those who have faith in "Laa Ilaha Illallah".
O you who have faith in "Laa Ilaha Illallah", how did you find the promise of "Laa
Ilaha Illallah" from "Laa Ilaha Illallah" (i.e. from Allah)?
O You except Whom there is none worth worshipping, for the sake of "Laa Ilaha
Illallah", forgive him who said "Laa Ilaha Illallah".
Include us also amongst those who said "Laa Ilaha Illallah, Muhammadur
Rasoolullah, Aliyyun Waliyullah, Wasiyyu Rasoolullah."

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Appendix I - TALQEEN
The following Talqeen is from the book "Zaatul Ma'aad" by Allama Majlisi (A.R.). {The
slight variations in case of a female body are in brackets.}

Transliteration Of Talqeen.

“Isma' Ifham, Isma' Ifham, Isma' Ifham (Isma'ee Ifhami, Isma'ee Ifhami, Isma'ee Ifhami)
Yaa ___________ Ibni (Binti) __________.
Hal Anta (Anti) 'Alal Ahdillazee Faraktana (Faraktina) 'Alayhi
Min Shahadati 'An Laa Ilaha Illallahu Wahdahu Laa Sharika Lah.
Wa 'Anna Muhammadan Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wa Aalihi 'Abduhu Wa
Rasooluhu Sayyidun Nabiyyena Wa Khatamul Mursaleen.
Wa 'Anna 'Aliyyin Ameerul Mu'mineena Wa Sayyidul Wasiyyeena Wa Imamun
Iftarazallahu Ta'atahu 'Alal 'Alameen.
Wa 'Annal Hasana, Wal Husaina, Wa 'Aliyyabnal Husain, Wa
Muhammad Abna 'Aliyyin, Wa Ja'far Abna Muhammadin, Wa Moosa Abna Ja'farin, Wa
'Aliy Abna Moosa, Wa Muhammad Abna 'Aliyyin, Wa 'Aliy Abna Muhammadin, Wal
Hasan Abna 'Aliyyin, Wal Qaaimal Muntazaral Mahdiyyu Salawwatullahi Alayhim, A-
Immatul Mu'mineena Wa Hujajullahi 'Alal Khalqi Ajmaeen Wa A-Immatuka (A-
Immatuki) A-Immatu Hudan Abraar.
Yaa ____________ Ibni (Binti) _____________, Iza Attakal
(Attakil) Malakaanil Muqarrabaanir Rasoolaini Min Indillahi Tabaaraka Wa Ta'ala Wa
Sa-alaka (Sa-Alaki) 'An Rabbika (Rabbiki) Wa 'An Nabiyyika (Nabiyyiki) Wa 'An
Deenika (Deeniki) Wa 'An Kitaabika (Kitaabiki) Wa 'An Qiblatika (Qiblatiki) Wa 'An
A-Immatika (A-Immatiki), Falaa Takhaf (Takhafi) Walaa Tahzan (Tahzani) Wa Qul
(Quli) Fi Jawaabihima: Allahu Jalla Jalaalahu Rabbi, Wa Muhammadun Sallallahu
'Alayhi Wa Aalihi Nabiyyi, Wal Islaamu Deeni, Wal Qur'aanu Kitaabi, Wal Ka'abatu
Qiblati,
Wa Ammerul Mu'mineena Aliyyubnu Abi Taalibin Imaami, Wal Hasanubnu 'Aliyyinal
Mujtaba Imaami, Wal Husainubnu 'Aliyyinish Shaheedu Bi Karbala Imaami, Wa Aliyyun
Zainul 'Abideen Imaami, Wa Muhammadun Baqiru 'Ilmin Nabiyyena Imaami, Wa
Ja'farus Saadiqu Imaami, Wa Moosal Kaazimu Imaami, Wa 'Aliyyunir Rizaa Imaami,
Wa Muhammadunil Jawaadu Imaami, Wa 'Aliyyunil Haadiyu Imaami, Wal Hasanul
Askariyyu Imaami, Wal Hujjatul Muntazaru Imaami.
Haa ulaai Salawaatullahi 'Alayhim Ajma'een A-Immati Wa Saadati
Wa Qaadati Wa Shufa 'Aai.
Bihim Atawalla Wa Min A'daaihim Attabarrau Fid Dunya Wal
Aakhira.
Thumma, I'lam (I'lami), Yaa ___________ Ibni (Binti) __________,
'Annallalaahu Tabaaraka Wa Ta'ala Ni'mar Rabbu, Wa 'Anna
Muhammadan Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wa Aalihi Ni'mar Rasoolu, Wa 'Anna Ammeral
Mu'mineena 'Aliyyibna Abi Talibin Wa Awlaadahul A-Immata Ahada 'Ashara Ni'mal A-
Immatu, Wa 'Anna Ma Jaa-a Bihi Muhammadan Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wa Aalihi Haqqun.
Wa 'Annal Mawta Haqqun, Wa Su-aala Munkarin Wa Nakeerin Fil Qabri Haqqun, Wal
Ba-asa Haqqun, Wan Nushoora Haqqun, Was Siraata Haqqun, Wal Meezana Haqqun,
Wa Tata-Irul Kutubi Haqqun, Wal Jannata Haqqun, Wan Naara Haqqun, Wa Annas
Saa-ata Aatiyatun Laa Rayba Feeha Wa 'Annallaha Yab'asu Man Fil Quboor.
Afahimta (Afahimti) Yaa ___________ Ibni (Binti) __________,
Sabbatakallahu (Sabbatakillahu) Bil Qawlis Saabiti Wa Hadaakallahu (Hadaakillahu) Ila
Siraatin Mustaqeem.
'Arrafallahu Baynaka (Baynaki) Wa Bayna Awliyaaika (Awliyaaiki)
Fi Mustaqarrim Mir Rahamatih.
Allahumma Jafil Ardha An Jambayhi (Jambayha), Wa As-id Bi Ruhihi (Ruhiha) Ilayka
Wa Laqqihi (Laqqiha) Minka Burhanan.
Allahumma Afwaka Afwak.”

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Translation Of Talqeen

Listen and understand, listen and understand, listen and understand, O ___________
son (daughter) of ___________.
Are you on the same covenant on which you were when you parted from us?
That covenant is the testimony of the fact that there is no God but Allah, Who is only
One and Who has no partner.
And the testimony of the fact that undoubtedly Muhammad, may the Peace of Allah be
on him and his progeny, is the slave and prophet of Allah and is the lord of all the
prophets and is the last of them.
And that 'Ali is the chief of the believers and the leader of all the successors and he is
such an Imam whose obedience has been made obligatory on the whole world.
And that Hasan and Husain and 'Ali son of Husain, and Muhammad son of 'Ali, and
Ja'far son of Muhammad, and Moosa son of Ja'far, and 'Ali son of Moosa, and
Muhammad son of 'Ali, and 'Ali son of Muhammad, and Hasan son of 'Ali, and
Muhammad, the awaited one, son of Hasan - may the Peace of Allah be on them all -
are the Imams of all the believers and are the authorities on the whole world, and all
these Imams are guides for the pious persons.
O ___________ son (daughter) of ___________, when the two favourite angels sent
by Allah approach you and inquire of you about your God, your Prophet, your religion,
your book, your Qiblah and your Imams, do not be afraid or grieved or worried, but say
in reply:
"Allah, the Glorious and Dignified, is my Lord, Muhammad, peace of Allah be upon him
and his progeny, is my Prophet, Islam is my religion, the Qur'an is my book, Ka'aba is
my Qiblah,
Ameerul Mu'mineen 'Ali ibne Abi Talib is my Imam, Hasane Mujtaba is my Imam,
Husain, the martyr of Kerbala, is my Imam, 'Ali Zaynul 'Abideen is my Imam,
Muhammad Baqir is my Imam, Ja'far Saadiq is my Imam, Moosae Kaazim is my Imam,
'Ali Riza is my Imam, Muhammad Jawaad is my Imam, 'Ali Haadi is my Imam, Hasan
Askari is my Imam and Hujjatul Muntazar is my Imam. All these great persons, may
Allah's peace be upon them, are my Imams, my leaders, my chiefs, and my
intercessors and I keep friends with them and have hatred for their enemies in this
world as well as in the world to come."
O ___________ son (daughter) of ___________, know that Allah, the Exalted, is
undoubtedly the best of Providers, and Muhammad, may the peace of Allah be upon
him and his progeny, is undoubtedly the best of the prophets and that Ammeerul
Mu'mineen 'Ali ibne Abi Talib and the eleven Imams who are his descendants, are
undoubtedly the best Imams and leaders.
Whatever message Muhammad, may the peace of Allah be upon him and his progeny,
has brought is true. Undoubtedly Death is true, the questioning of Munkar and Nakeer
in the grave after death is true, coming to life after death is true, the scale [Meezan] is
true, the Path [Siraat] is true, accounting of deeds is true, and undoubtedly there will be
a Day of Judgement.
Allah will undoubtedly bring to life those who are in the graves.
O ___________ son (daughter) of ___________, may Allah keep you firm on these
beliefs and may He guide you on the right path and may Allah introduce you to friends
in the vicinity of His mercy.
O Allah, make the ground spacious for him (her) on both the sides and raise his (her)
soul towards You and direct Your Guidance to him (her). O Allah, pardon us, pardon
us.

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SALAATE WAHSHAT

The Holy Prophet (S) has said that:

"A dead person does not bear greater hardships in the grave at any time than
the first night."
He has therefore advised that we should give Sadaqah in the name of the dead
person to induce Allah's mercy. In addition we should also pray 2 Raka'ats
Salaate Wahshat with the intention of pleasing Allah and seeking forgiveness
for the deceased.

Wahshat means loneliness and anxiety. This prayer can be said any time during
the first part of the night of the burial, but it is better to recite it at the beginning
of the night after Isha Salaat.

The form of this prayer is as follows:

In the 1st raka'at, after Surae Al-Hamd, Ayatul Kursi (verses 255, 256 and 257
of Surae Baqarah) should be recited.

In the 2nd rakaat, after Surae Al-Hamd, Surae Qadr

(Inna-Anzalnah) (sura No.97) should be recited 10 times.

After the prayer is finished, Salawaat should be said followed by Dua to Allah to
send the reward of the prayer to the grave of the deceased.

Visiting the Graveyard {Ziyarate Quboor} & Salaate Wahshat

 It is Mustahab for males to visit the graves to recite Fatiha on:
Mondays & Saturdays;
Thursdays & Fridays at the time of ‘Asr.
 We should pray 2 rakaa’ats Salaate Wahshat with the intention of pleasing
Allah and seeking forgiveness for the deceased.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 8

LIFE AFTER DEATH – INTRODUCTION

There are various definitions of and different concepts about Death as held by
different personalities, religion as well as others. Some say,

“Death is the end”; or

“Death is a means to enter the permanent phase of life”; while others say,
"To the ignorant, death means the end of life, while in reality it is but the evening
leading to the dawn of Eternal life."

According to an English Scholar,

"Death is a slave to other means of expiration. For instance one cannot achieve
Death unless he meets some accident, has illness -maybe heart failure,
poisoning, a fall, etc."

There is no escape from death. Death is a word dread by most of the people,
but little do they realise, that everything which comes into existence from
nothing, has to perish, decay or die one day. This is the law of nature. However
hard one may try, the science may reach its zenith, there is no escape from
death.

The Holy Qur'an emphatically declares:

"Whenever you will be, death will overtake you, even if you are in (strong
and) lofty towers." (an Nisa, 4:78)
"Every one on it will perish. But will remain for ever the Face of the Lord,
the Glorious and Gracious."
"Every soul must taste death, (and we test you by evil and good by way
of trial; and to us you shall be brought back)."

How Does Death Come?

At the approach of death, when the eyes, ears and tongue cease to function,
the person concerned sees (in spiritual vision) three things which claim to be
friends:

1. One of them says, "I will remain with you till your death." (That friend is his
worldly wealth and assets).
2. "I will accompany you till the door of your grave." (And these are his
children).
3. But one friend says. "I am with you forever, in life as well as death." (these
are his deeds of this world)

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When time comes for a man to die, Allah sends two angels:
MUSHKIYAH - One who makes him generous [i.e. with his family wealth]; and
MUNSIYYAH - One who makes him forget [i.e. make him forget all worldly
affairs].

Also two other angels visit the dying man:

RAQUEEB - Comes to deliver the record of good deeds; and
ATEED - Comes to deliver the record of bad deeds.

Imam Ali (A) has said:

"Whoever dies, sees me, whether he is a believer or a hypocrite."

So far as the believers are concerned, they become happy to see the Imam (A),
but the hypocrites become sad when they see him.

When these angels have done their job, the Angel of Death (Malakul Maut /
Isra'il) arrives and tells him not to worry (especially if he has a good record of
his deeds):
"By Allah, I am kinder to you then your father.
Now open your eyes and look."

Then the dying person's spiritual eyes are opened.

Then he hears the following call (present in the Holy Qur'an);

"O soul that are at rest! Return to your lord, well pleased with Him, well-pleasing
Him. So enter among my servants and enter into my gardens."
(al Fajr, 89:27-30)

At that time the believers only wish is to die as soon as possible so that he may
reach that caller. Thus, the believer leaves this world without any sorrow and
without any care. And Allah gives him death when he himself desires death
above all things, so that he may reach the Messenger of Allah.

Life After Death - Introduction

When time comes for a man to die, Allah sends two angels:
 MUSHKIYAH - One who makes him generous [i.e. with his family wealth];
&
 MUNSIYYAH - One who makes him forget[i.e. make him forget all worldly
affairs].
Also two other angels visit the dying man:
 RAQUEEB - Comes to deliver the record of good deeds; &
 ATEED - Comes to deliver the record of bad deeds.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 9

LIFE AFTER DEATH - BARZAKH

Barzakh literally means "Barrier". It has been used for the period between
Death and the Day of Resurrection (i.e. the day when all human beings will be
brought back to life).

During Barzakh, one's correct belief and good deeds alone will assist him in
having a peaceful time.

Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq (A) has said:

"We will intercede (ask for forgiveness) on your behalf on the

Day of Judgement, but, by Allah, I am worried about you for the period when
you would be in Barzakh"

Sinners will be punished during this period. The Holy Qur'an confirms the period
of Barzakh saying:

"......And before them is a barrier until the day they are raised."
(al Mu'minoon, 23:100)

The Groups In Barzakh

There are 3 groups in Barzakh:

1. The true believers:

This group of people are:

 Perfect in their Faith and virtuous in their deeds;
 Lived a blameless life, and
 If there was some mistake or sin, their worldly troubles like, illness,
poverty, death of near and dear ones, troublesome neighbours,
and/or agony at the time of Death were sufficient to be counted as
payment for the sins they committed.

Allah knows that they deserve reward; but since the Day of Judgement has not
yet come, they cannot be sent to Paradise. By the rule of the law they should be
left without any reward till they are resurrected; but by the Mercy of Allah, they
are questioned about their beliefs and on giving correct answers, they enter a
state of Bliss, which gives them the satisfaction of knowing that their future is
secure. They find pleasure and happiness in their grave and wait eagerly for the
Day of Resurrection.

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2. The confirmed unbelievers and hypocrites:

These are the people:

 Whose lives were devoid of good deeds, or
 If there were any good deeds performed, the worldly blessings of
health, wealth, good family and friends, prestige and power, etc
and/or the ease at the time of death were sufficient rewards.

Allah knows that there place is in Hell; but He does not send them there before
the Day of Judgement. So, to give a fore-taste of their punishment, they are
questioned about their beliefs, and when they do not give correct answers, their
graves are turned into cells of punishment; and they wish that Qiyamah would
not come at all.
Note:
The reward or punishment of Barzakh is different from that of Paradise or Hell.
The reward or punishment of Barzakh is for the Soul only. It is for this reason
that we do not see anyone being rewarded or punished in the grave. In the
tradition of Ma'sumeen (A) it has been compared to happy dreams or
nightmares.

3. Neither perfect believers nor confirmed believers:

These are:
 The children,
 The insane,
 Those who for some reason or another could not differentiate the
right path from the wrong path,
 Those who were so far out of the Islamic Environment that they were
not aware of the truth of Islam,
 Those who did not know about Islam but yet were not enemies of
Islam,
 Those whose religious beliefs were not based upon logical
understanding but just followed what their families were following,
those non-believers who love the Holy Prophet (S) and the Ahlul Bayt
(A) without knowing that they were the True Guides sent by Allah.

Such people will not be subjected to the questioning and squeezing in the
grave. They will be left in a state like deep slumber, and Allah will decide about
them on the Day of Judgement. Till then, there is neither reward nor punishment
for them.

After these main groups, there still remains a group in between.

This group is of those believers who had committed so many sins that could not
be wiped out by the worldly troubles and agony of death.

If Allah decides that such a believer should come on the Day of Judgement
clean from all blemishes and free from all sins, then He may put him under
punishment during Barzakh.

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It is this punishment, which has been referred to in the Hadith by Imam Ja'far
as-Sadiq (A):
"We will intercede on your behalf on the day of judgement but, by Allah, I am
worried about you whilst you would be in Barzakh."

On the other hand, if Allah decides to leave this case in suspense till Qiyamah,
then it will fall under the 3rd group.

All these things depend upon the justice and mercy of Allah. We have not been
told enough to know all the details about all the groups. It is about the 1st, 2nd
and last group of people who will be punished in Barzakh, that the Holy prophet
(S) has said:
"When one dies, his Qiyamah starts."

Life After Death - Barzakh

 Barzakh is the period between Death & the Day of Resurrection
 During Barzakh, one’s correct belief and good deeds alone assist one on
having a peaceful time.
 There are 3 groups in Barzakh: The true believers; The confirmed
unbelievers and hypocrites; & Neither perfect believers nor confirmed
believers.

Fiqh Page 10.28 www.madressa.net

CLASS 10 - LESSON 10

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QUESTIONING IN THE GRAVE, SQUEEZING IN THE

GRAVE

According to traditions, after one has been buried and those who came to bury
him go away (it is said that 40 steps away from the grave is sufficient), two
angels come into the grave. One is called Munkar, the other Nakir.

The soul is caused to re-enter the body for questioning. Then the person (now
alive again) is asked :
"Who is your Rabb (Lord)? Who is your Prophet? What is your Religion? What
is your Book? What is your Qiblah? Who are your Imams?”

Talqeen prepares the dead person to answer all these questions. Since it
teaches the dead-body the correct answer to the questions which are to be
asked.

What questions are asked in the grave?

Questioning in the grave includes questions about Salaat, Zakaat, Haj, Fasting
and the love for Ahlul-Bait (A).

What happens if you answer the questions correctly?

 Whoever would answer the questions correctly would get comfort and mercy
in his grave and the garden of bliss in the Akhirat;
 If he is a believer and answers correctly, the angels tell him to sleep
peacefully, and a door is opened into his grave from the paradise; he sees
his place in the paradise, then his soul is taken out of the body and is placed
in the neighbourhood of the 14 Ma'sumeen (A);
 Lastly the angels, Mubashir & Bashir come to congratulate the believer.

What happens if you do NOT answer the questions correctly?

 Whoever would not answer correctly, for him would be the fare of boiling
water in his grave and Hell in the next world.
 If he is not a believer, and does not answer correctly, then the angels punish
him with and a door is opened from the hell into his grave;
 Lastly the angels, Mubashir & Bashir come to punish the unbeliever.

Again the love for Imam Ali (A) helps during the questioning. Our Holy Prophet
(S) told Imam Ali (A):

“Those who love you will be glad in three places:

At the time of death. (Because you will be there visiting them);

At the questioning in the grave (As you will be teaching them the correct
replies);
At the time of coming before Allah (and you will be there introducing them)."

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After the questioning in the grave,
 The soul of a believer is sent to Wadius Salaam (the Valley of Peace)
which is said to be in Najaf where the souls of the believers remain in
peace waiting for the Day of Judgement; and
 That of an unbeliever to Wadiul Barhut (the Valley of Turmoil/Trouble)
which is said to be in Yemen where the souls of the hypocrites and
unbelievers remain in turmoil, afraid of the approaching of the Day of
Resurrection.

Squeezing In The Grave: (Fishare Qabr)

Imam Ja'far as Sadiq (A) has said:

"Whoever is subject to the questioning in the grave, is also squeezed by the

grave therein, and the one who is exempted from questioning, is exempted from
the squeeze also."

For some believers the squeeze will be like two friends embracing each other.
For some sinful believers, the squeezing will be severe enough to fracture the
ribs. For non-believers, the squeezing will be worst.
The squeezing is not dependent upon the corpse being buried in the earth.

In the words of Imam (A.S.):

"The lord of the earth is also the lord of the atmosphere."

And the corpse would be squeezed, if it deserved it, no matter in what condition
or place it happens to be.
Once a companion of Imam Ali ar Ridha (A) asked him as to what he had to say
about those dead ones who, though liable to be subjected to the squeeze in the
grave, could not actually be buried in the ground. Imam (A) replied:

"If by virtue of their deeds they are entitled to punishment in the grave, they will
receive it, no matter where they lie dead, or in whatever form they happen to be
in. Their soul will receive the same painful treatment as the body receives
through this severe embrace of the grave."

Life After Death - Questioning In The Grave & Squeezing In The Grave
 Questioning in the grave includes questions about Salaat, Zakaat, Haj,
Fasting and the love for Ahlul-Bait (A).
 For some of believers the squeeze will be like two friends embracing each
other while for some sinful unbelievers the squeeze will be severe enough
to fracture the ribs.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 11

LIFE AFTER DEATH – RAJ’AT - QIYAMATE SUGHRA

Prior to the total resurrection, the Final Day of Judgement or Reckoning, there
will be a period of Raj'at or Qiyamate Sughra i.e. Partial resurrection wherein
the Holy Prophet (S) and the Ahle Bait (A), a group of people perfect in faith and
belief, and a group of extremely wicked people will be brought to life again. This
will take place during the period when the expected and the awaited Imam
Mahdi (A), the twelfth and the last successor of the Holy Prophet (S) will appear
on this earth.

Imam Ja'far as Sadiq (A) says:

"He who does not believe in our Raj'at (return) is not from us."

Thus belief in Raj'at is an article of faith.

Islam demands a Muslim to essentially believe in the return of every thing to the
Lord for the Final Judgement of every soul with regard to its faith and actions.
There are repeated declarations in the Holy Qur'an, informing man of this Day
and warning him to be on guard in this life on earth, against the Requital which
is sure and certain to take place. It is the conviction about this fact that would
keep man, on the right path, duly guarded against his accountability. It is natural
that when an individual is not mindful of his or her accountability, nothing would
stop him or her, to commit any sin or crime and with the sense of one's
accountability one would never dare to exceed the limits, and would always
remain guarded.

A Muslim should and must believe in Qiyamah and live such a clean life which
would help him to pass the Divine Judgement easily and earn the life eternal of
the heavenly bliss. The fifth principle of the faith is the belief in Qiyamah. The
faith in this principle is compulsory.
Every human being is individually accountable for each one's faith and deeds.

The Holy Qur'an declares:

"And for all according to what they did; and that He may fully recompense their
deeds, "and they shall not be done any injustice."
(al Ahqaf, 46:19)

After death, all human beings will be resurrected to be rewarded and punished
according to each individual's earnings of virtue and vice in this life. The present
life is only a season for cultivation or effort, and the life after death will be the
period of harvest or the result. This life, is for creating causes for effects in the
hereafter. As one sows now, so then shall he reap.

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First And Second Trumpets
The sound of the trumpet will be the first stage of the Day of Judgement. Allah
has mentioned it in many ayats of the Holy Qur'an.

An example of such an ayat:

" And the Trumpet shall be blown, then shall swoon (die) whoever is in heavens
and whoever is in the earth. Then the (Trumpet) shall be blown again and lo!
they shall stand up awaiting (they shall wake up again)."

So the trumpet will be blown twice. When it will be blown for the first time,
people (and every living thing) will die. After it is blown for the second time,
everyone will wake up and indeed it will be the Day of Judgement.

Imam Zainul Abedeen (A) was asked:

"How much time will pass between the two blowings of the trumpet?

He said:

"As much as Allah would please."

Then he was asked:

"Then please tell me, O Son of the Messenger of Allah, how the trumpet will be
blown?"
The Imam (A) said :

"So far as the first blowing is concerned, verily Allah will command angel Israfil,
who will come towards the earth, and with him will be a Trumpet; and the
Trumpet will have one mouth-piece and two tubes; and the space between the
two tubes will be like that between the sky and earth.
When the angels will see Israfil descend towards the earth with his Trumpet,
they will say,
‘Verily, Allah has ordered the inhabitants of earth to die, and the inhabitants of
heaven to die.’
‘Then Israfil will blow the trumpet once; and the voice will come out of that side
which is towards the earth and all living beings on the earth will die; and then
the voice will come out from the side which is towards the heaven, and all living
things in the heavens will die.
Then Allah will say to Israfil:
'O Israfil, die.'
And he will die too. And they will remain like this as long as Allah would wish."

The Imam (A) continues:

"Then Allah will create a loud voice which will be heard throughout the earth and
the heaven: 'Whose is the Kingdom this day?'
No one will give any answer (as there will be none alive); then He will answer
Himself creating a loud voice: 'It is Of Allah, the One, the Subduer (Holy Qur'an
40:16); I subdued all the creatures and gave them death; verily, I am Allah,

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 there is no God except I alone, there is no partner for me and I made the
creatures by my power and I made them die by My will; and I shall resurrect
them by my Power.’
‘Then Allah (whenever he decides) will cause the second blowing of the
Trumpet; the voice will come out from the side which is towards the heavens;
inhabitants there will become alive and will stand as before, and the same will
happen to the people of the earth. People will now be gathered for reckoning
(giving accounts of their good and bad deeds). It is indeed the Day - the Day of
Judgement or Qiyamah.”

Life After Death - Raj’at - Qiyamate Sughra

 Raj'at or Qiyamate Sughra is partial resurrection wherein the Holy Prophet
(S) and the Ahle Bait (A), a group of people perfect in faith and belief, and
a group of extremely wicked people will be brought to life again.
 This will take place during the period when the expected and the awaited
Imam Mahdi (A), the twelfth and the last successor of the Holy Prophet (S)
will appear on this earth
 belief in Raj'at is an article of faith.
 The sound of the trumpet will be the first stage of the Day of Judgement
When it will be blown for the first time, people (and every living thing) will
die. After it is blown for the second time, everyone will wake up and indeed
it will be the Day of Judgement

.
.
.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 12

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QIYAMAH - HISAB

There is a life after death. We will all die and we will all be raised again after
death on the Day of Judgement and will be judged according to our beliefs and
deeds so that a pious person will be rewarded and a sinful person will be
punished.

If a person had a true faith and did good deeds, Prayed, Fasted during
Ramadhan, paid Zakat and Khums, gave to charity, looked after orphans, fed
the poor and other such things, he would receive the grace of Allah and will be
sent to Paradise.

There will be many signs before the Day of Judgement. One of these signs is
the re-appearance of the 12th Imam (A). He will re-appear when the world will
become full of injustice. Hazrat Isa (A) will come down to help him n spreading
the true faith and Imam Mahdi (A) will rule the whole world. The other signs are
rising of the sun from the west and the Holy Qur'an being taken up.

The Day of Judgement will be of 50,000 years long and the sun will be very low
and the earth will be red hot like heated copper.

What Will Happen On The Day Of Judgement:

Hisab

On the day of Judgement everyone's bad and good deeds will be accounted
(Hisab) for, and accordingly they will be punished.

Hisab can be taken by many methods but two common ones are mentioned
below and they are Mizan and Books of Deeds

a. Mizan
This word actually means the weighing scale. On the Day of Judgement, there
will be a weighing scale to weigh the good and evil deeds of men and women.
Those whose scale of good deeds is heavier than that of their bad deeds shall
be rewarded. However, those whose scale of bad deeds is heavier than that of
their good deeds shall be punished.

It is important to note that if human beings have invented various types of

scales, devices and equipment to measure things like the weather, blood
pressure, etc., there is nothing imaginary in believing that Almighty Allah will
weigh our deeds by the weighing scales.

However, some learned people have interpreted Mizan as meaning the Justice
of Allah, while others say Mizan means the Prophets (A) and Imams (A) who
will judge the people.
All these interpretations may be correct; what's more, all of them may exist
together.

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The following Ayats prove the existence of the weighing scales.
"And the "balance" that day is true. So he whose scales of good deeds will be
heavy, will prosper; and that whose scales will be light will find themselves in
loss, because they mistreated Our signs."
(al A'raaf, 7:8-9)

"We shall set up "scales of justice" for the day of Judgement, so that not a soul
will be dealt with unjustly in the least; and if there be the weight of a mustard
seed, We will bring it to account; and enough are We to take account."
(al Anbiya 21: 47)

b. Books of Deeds
On the Day of Judgement, the written record of our whole life will be given to us.
This record is written by the two angels, Raqeeb and Ateed, who are deputed
on every person. These angels write down our each and every action. The
place of the two angels is the collar-bone; the one on the right side (Raqeeb)
writes the good deeds, and the one on the left side (Ateed) writes the evil
deeds.

On the Day of Judgement, people whose good deeds will exceed the bad, will
receive the Book of Deeds in the right hand, while those whose bad deeds are
more than good, will receive the Book of Deeds in the left hand.

Life After Death - Qiyamah – Hisab

 There is a life after death. We will all die and we will all be raised again
after death on the Day of Judgement and will be judged according to our
beliefs and deeds so that a pious person will be rewarded and a sinful
person will be punished.
 Hisab can be taken by many methods but two common ones are Mizan
and Books of Deeds

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 13

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QIYAMAH - SIRAAT

Siraat means Path. The Holy Qur'an has used the word 'As Siratal Mustaqim'
(Straight Path) for the Divine religion. In the context of Qiyamah, Siraat means a
bridge upon Hell over which all mankind will have to pass. It is our belief about
Siraat that it is the bridge of Hell; and upon it is the path of all the creatures, as
Allah says:

"Not one of you but all of you will pass over it; this is a firm decree of your Lord.
Then We shall save those who guarded themselves against evil, and We shall
leave the wrong doers therein (humbled) to their knees.”
(Maryam, 19:71-72)

And Siraat, on the other hand, is the name of the Proofs of Allah (i.e. The
Prophets (A) and the Imams (A)); thus; he who believed them in this world and
obeyed them, Allah will give him permission to pass from Siraat.

The Holy Prophet (S) said to Imam Ali (A):

"O Ali! On the day of Qiyamah, I, you and Jibra'il shall sit on the Siraat , and
none shall pass over the Siraat except he who would have a release from
Jahannam based on your Wilayat (love and obedience)."

The Prophets (A) and Imams (A) are called Siraat in this world because they
provide a bridge, connecting us with Allah. It is perfectly right to call them Path
of Allah. At the same time, they brought the Divine religion to help the people
reach nearer to Allah, thus they are the Paths, and they are the Guides.

It is believed that this Path is divided into stations or stops, each of them having
a separate name. When a man will reach a stop named after a Wajib thing, if he
had neglected that thing (in the world), he will be detained there and will be
asked to pay the dues to Allah; then if any other good deed came to his rescue
or the Mercy of Allah saved him, he will be allowed to pass safely from there to
the next stop. In this way he will be sent from pass to another and will be
detained at every pass, and asked about his short-comings in that particular
order of Allah. Then if he came out safely from all passes or stops, he will reach
The House of Eternity, i.e. Paradise.

But if he was detained at a pass and was not saved by any good deed or the
Mercy of Allah did not come to his rescue, his foot would slip from that pass,
and he will fall into the fire of Jahannam. We seek protection of Allah against it.

The name of one of these stops is Wilayat. Everyone will be stopped therein,
and asked about the love and obedience of Imam Ali bin Abu Talib (A) and the
Imams (A) after him.

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Likewise, one stop is named Sile-e-Raham (good behaviour towards relatives),
and another is named Trust, another (prayer). Likewise, there will be passes
named after every Wajib or Haraam deed.

The Holy Qur'an repeats the command that will be given to the angels:

"And stop them, for they must be asked." (as Saffaat, 37:24)

It is also said that this bridge is thinner then the thinnest hair, sharper than the
sharpest sword and hotter then fire.

Life After Death - Qiyamah - Siraat

 Siraat means Path.
 Siraat means a bridge upon Hell over which all mankind will have to pass.
 It is our belief about Siraat that it is the bridge of Hell; and upon it is the
path of all the creatures.
 The Prophets (A) and Imams (A) are called Siraat in this world because
they provide a bridge, connecting us with Allah.
 It is believed that this Path is divided into stations or stops, each of them
having a separate name.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 14

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QIYAMAH - INTERCESSION (SHAFA'AT)

Shafa'at
Allah, in His Mercy, has opened many doors for his sinner servants to seek his
pleasure and forgiveness. Two very important doors are Tawbah (Repentance)
and Shafa'at (Intercession).

It is accepted by all Muslims that the Holy Prophet (S) will intercede (intervene
to reconcile) on behalf of the sinners of his Ummat. An Ayat on this subject :
"Who is there that can intercede in his presence except by His permission?"
(al Baqarah, 2:255)

For unbelievers there will NOT be any intercessor.

Shafa'at is meant for the benefit for those whose faith was accepted by Allah
(i.e. true believers) who might have committed sins - major or minor. And those
who had repented from their sins will not need any Intercession. The Holy
Prophet (S) has said:
"He who did not believe in my intercession, Allah will not permit him to get my
shafa'at."

The benefit for Shafa'at is not for those who had doubts about religion, nor for
those who ascribe a partner to Allah, nor is it for unbelievers and those who had
rejected the truth; but it is for the benefit of the sinners among those who
believed in Allah (together with his true representatives).

The following Ayat is about the right of Shafa'at given to our Holy Prophet (S):
"Soon will your Lord raise you to a "station of praise and glory."

It will be the "station where the Holy Prophet (S) will intercede on behalf of the
sinners. Allah will go on granting the intercession of the Holy Prophet (S) till he
says:
"O my lord! Now I am well pleased and fully satisfied."

Life After Death - Qiyamah - Intercession (Shafa'at)

 Allah, in His Mercy, has opened many doors for his sinner servants to seek
his pleasure and forgiveness
 Two very important doors are Tawbah (Repentance) and Shafa'at
(Intercession).
 Shafa'at is meant for the benefit for those whose faith was accepted by
Allah (i.e. true believers) who might have committed sins - major or minor.
And those who had repented from their sins will not need any Intercession.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 15

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QIYAMAH - PARADISE

It is the place where all sort of joy, happiness and Grace of Allah is found. It is a
Garden of ever-lasting Bliss. All believers will be taken to Paradise, where they
will stay forever. Sinful believers will first be punished, before they are sent to
Paradise. Depending on the degree and the magnitude of sins, some sinful
believers will first be sent to Hell, and then they will be brought to Paradise.

Some of the important facts about Paradise are as follows:

1. The Paradise is already created. It is NOT that it will be created at some
time in the future.
2. Believers' body and soul together will be brought to Paradise, and they
would enjoy the reward physically.
3. Various names are used for Paradise in the Holy Qur'an, some of them
are:
JANNATUL MAWA (Garden of Abode)
JANNATUL NAEEM (Garden of Bliss)
JANNATUL FIRDAUS (Garden of Paradise)
DARUS SALAAM (Abode of Peace)
4. Some streams of Paradise mentioned in the Holy Quran are: KAWTHER,
SALSABEEL and TASNEEM.
5. Paradise has eight gates. Some of them are: Gate of Mercy, Gate of
Patience, The Great Gate, etc.
6. TUBA is an important tree of Paradise. It is planted in the House of
Prophet Muhammad (S) and Imam Ali (A). TUBA has a branch in every
palace mansion. Whenever the believer would desire anything, that branch
would provide it for him at once.
7. No Prophet (A) would enter Paradise until the Holy Prophet (S) enters it.
Shias of Ahlul Bayt (A) would enter first amongst the various Ummats
(followers of a Prophet).
8. In Paradise there is neither death nor old age, neither illness nor disease,
neither sorrow nor worry, neither poverty nor handicap. The believers will
get what the souls desire and eyes appreciate, and they will abide there
forever.
9. The greatest Bliss (happiness) in Paradise will be the pleasure of Allah.
That Allah is satisfied with you and given you what he had promised. You
believed in Paradise without seeing it and now you will be in it.
Life After Death - Qiyamah - Paradise
 It is the place where all sort of joy, happiness and Grace of Allah is found,
its a garden of ever-lasting Bliss. All believers will be taken to Paradise,
where they will stay forever. Sinful believers will first be punished, before
they are sent to Paradise. Depending on the degree and the magnitude of
sins, some sinful believers will first be sent to Hell, and then they will be
brought to Paradise.
 Various names of Paradise are Jannatul Mawa; Jannatul Naeem; Jannatul
Firdaus; Darus Salaam, etc.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 16

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QIYAMAH - HELL

The fire is the abode of disgrace and place of punishment for the unbelievers
and sinners. The people of fire are poor in reality; they will not be allowed to die
nor will their punishment be reduced; they will not taste in it any cold (water) or
drink, except a boiling, dark, murky fluid. And if they want food, they would be
fed with Zaqqum (a cursed tree); and if they seek relief they will be granted
water like molten brass that will scald their faces.

It is also present in the traditions that Allah shall order some people to be led to
the fire with an order:
"Fire! do not burn there feet, because they used to go to the mosques; and not
to burn there hands, as they used to raise them for Dua's; and not to burn there
tongues, because they used to recite the Qur'an; and not to burn there faces,
because they used to perform Wudhu perfectly."

The fire (Hell) is home of all who did not know Allah. And even some of those
who knew Allah will be sent therein because of there sins and wrong-doings;
but it is believed that such a man will not live there forever, he will be taken out
of it and sent to the ever lasting bliss. Nobody will remain forever in the fire
except the unbelievers. Every Ayat which mentions ever-lasting punishment of
Fire, is about the unbelievers.

Hell has Seven gates, as Allah says:

"To it are seven gates; for each of these gates is a special class of sinners
assigned." (al Hijr,15:44)

According to the traditions, those gates are as follows:

1. Jaheem
Its people will be made to stand on burning stone which will make their
brains boil, as cooking-pot boils its content.

"Then, for such as had transgressed the bounds, and had preferred the
life of this world, the abode will be Jaheem."
(an Naziaat, 79:37-39)

2. Ladha
It will be the place of those who turned away from Allah, and were busy in
gathering wealth without taking out the dues of Allah and His creatures.
The fire will catch them by their hands, feet and forehead and suck them
inside.

"By no means! For it would be the "Ladha" (fire), plucking out the sinner
right to the skull inviting all such as turn their backs and turn away their
faces, and collect wealth and hide it."
(al Ma-aarij, 70:15-18)

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3. Saqar
"Soon will I cast him in Saqar. And what will explain to you what Saqar is?
It allows nothing to endure, nor does it leave anything alone; darkening
and changing the colouring of man."
(al Muddathir, 74:26-30)

4. Hutamah
Literal meaning:
"That which crushes to pieces. It will break everyone who is sent inside
and grind him to powder, and then they will be made whole again and
again. Woe to every scandalmonger and backbiter, who piles up the
wealth and lays it by; he thinks that his wealth would make him last
forever. By no means! He will be sure to be thrown into Hutamah."
(al Humazah,104:1-5)

5. Hawiyah
Literal meaning, a Pit.
"But he, whose balance of goods will be light, will have his home
in a bottomless pit (Hawiyah)."
(al Qari-ah, 101:8,9)

6. Sa'eer
It means Blazing Fire. There are in it three hundred curtains of Fire, in
every curtain are three hundred forts of Fire, in every fort are three
hundred abodes of Fire; and in every abode are three hundred types of
punishments of Fire; and scorpions of Fire, and yokes of Fire.
"Verily, we have prepared for the unbelievers chains, and yokes and
blazing fire."
(ad Dahr, 76:4)

7. Jahannam
Well known and the most feared. In it are the Falaq, Sa'ud and Atham.
Falaq is well inside Jahannam, when it is opened it makes the Fire blaze
even more fiercely. And it is far greater punishment (compared to the
previous six stages).Sa'ud is a brass mountain of fire in the centre of
Jahannam.
"Soon will I take him to Sa'ud (the mountain of punishment)”
(al Muddathir, 74:17)

8. Atham
It is a valley of melted brass around the above-mentioned mountain. And it
is the place of the fiercest punishment.
"As often as there skins are roasted through, We shall change them for
fresh skins; so that they may taste the punishment; for Allah is
Exalted in Power, Wise."
(an Nisa, 4:56)

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An atheist once asked Imam Jafar as Sadiq (A) about the above Ayat:

"Let us suppose that the present skins has participated in the sins. But what
about the new skins? Surely, they would be innocent."

Imam (A) replied:

"It would be the same skin and yet it would be new one. Let us say that a man
took a brick and crushed it to small particles, then pouring some water on it and
putting it into a brick making frame, made another brick out of it. Now, is it not
the same brick ?"

The atheist replied:

"Certainly!"

Imam (A) has also said the following:

"Verily, there is a fire inside the Fire from which even the people of Fire would
seek protection. It was created only for every proud, powerful obstinate
transgressor, and for every rebellious Satan, and for every person who does not
believe in the day of reckoning, and for every enemy of the Progeny of
Muhammed (S)."
"The man with the lightest punishment on the day of judgement will be the one
standing up to his ankles in the fire, wearing two sandals of fire with two straps
of fire; his brain will be boiling by its heat like a cooking pot. He would be
thinking that nobody would be suffering greater punishment, while in fact his
would be the lightest calamity."

Life After Death - Qiyamah - Hell

 The fire is the abode of disgrace and place of punishment for the
unbelievers and sinners.
 The people of fire are poor in reality; they will not be allowed to die nor will
their punishment be reduced; they will not taste in it any cold (water) or
drink, except a boiling, dark, murky fluid.
 And if they want food, they would be fed with Zaqqum (a cursed tree); and
if they seek relief they will be granted water like molten brass that will scald
their faces.
 Hell has Seven gates. According to the traditions, those gates are as
follows:
* Jaheem * Hawiyah
* Ladha * Sa'eer
* Saqar * Jahannam
* Hutamah * Atham

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 17

LIFE AFTER DEATH - QIYAMAH - A'RAAF

A'raaf means the Heights. It the place between the Gardens and the Fire. It has
been mentioned in the 7th Sura of the Quran, which is called Al-A'raaf because
of it. Some Ayats:
"And between them shall be veil or partition, and on the heights will be men who
would know everyone by his marks; they will call out to the companions of the
garden : `peace on you'. They will not have entered but they will have
assurance thereof."
"And the men on the heights will call to certain men whom they will know from
there marks, saying: `of what profit to you were your hoards and your arrogant
ways? Behold! Are these not the men whom you swore that Allah would never
bless them with His mercy?' then turning to the other group, they will say: `enter
you the garden; no fear shall be on you nor shall you grieve."

The groups that the above Ayats mention are:

1. Those people who will identify everyone by his marks, and who will rebuke
the people of the Fire and will tell the people of the Garden to enter the
Paradise.
2. And, there will be those who would be waiting for the decision of Allah
concerning themselves For example: those believers whose good and bad
deeds would be of equal weight; those non-Shia Muslims who just followed
a faith in which they were born, without knowing or understanding any
thing and who had no enmity towards the progeny of Muhammad (S).

A'raaf is the boundary between the Garden and the Fire. It has also been said
that it is a mountain between Paradise and Hell; so it is the boundary wall
between the two places. What is certain is that it is a place neither of the
Paradise not of the Fire.

On the Day of Resurrection the Messenger of Allah (S) and Imams (A) will be
upon it, and it is they that are meant in the words of Allah.

“And on the Heights will be men who will know everyone by his marks.”

It is so because Allah will inform them about the people of Garden and the
people of the Fire by some marks which he will put on them, and these will be
the `signs' mentioned in the following ayats:

"They will know every one by his marks." (al A'raaf, 7:46)

"The sinners will be known by their marks." (ar Rahman, 55:41)

It has been mentioned in the traditions that Allah will keep upon the A'raaf some
groups which would not deserve a reward without punishment but would not
deserve ever lasting abode in the Hell. These are the people who will be waiting
for the order of Allah; for such people there is intercession; and they will have to

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remain on the A'raaf till they are allowed to enter the Garden by the intercession
of the Holy Prophet (S), Ali (A) and the Imams after him.

Also, it is said that A'raaf will be the abode of such people who were not sane in
this life i.e. they were insane, or died before attaining adulthood. Therefore, they
did not do any good or bad deed to deserve the Garden or Fire.

So, Allah will make them live in A'raaf; they will be saved from punishment but
will not be given such blessings which other people will be given after doing
good deeds (they will not be placed equal to those who reached there after a
life spent in good deeds).

Life After Death - Qiyamah - A'raaf

 A'raaf means the Heights.
 It the place between the Gardens and the Fire.
 It has been mentioned in the 7th Sura of the Quran, which is called Al-
A'raaf because of it.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 18

TAQLEED

Taqleed means obeying Islamic Laws according to the ruling of a Mujtahid.

Mujtahiid is an expert in the ruling of Islamic Laws.

Marja' is more knowledgeable than various other Mujtahids and usually has a
book on Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) in print, e.g. "Islamic Laws" by Ayatullah
Khui and Ayatulla Seestani.

Muqallid is a person who does Taqleed.

Every male and female has to follow (Wajib) rules regarding Furoo-e-din
(Branches of Religion)
ISLAMIC BELIEFS
&
LAWS

FUROO-E-DIN
USOOL-E-DIN

TAWHEED SALAAH JIHAD

ADALAT ROZA AMR BIL MA’ROOF
NUBUWAT HAJJ NAHY ANIL MUNKAR
IMAMAT ZAKAT TAWALLA
QIYAMAH KHUMS TABARRA

PERFORM PHYSICALLY &

BELIEVE IN THEM
BELIEVE IN THEM

TO DO THIS, YOU NEED TO: TO DO THIS, YOU NEED TO:

USE YOUR OWN POWER OF Become A Mujtahid; or
UNDERSTANDING & JUDGEMENT Follow On Ehtiyat of various mujtahids; or
Follow A Mujtahid who is Marja-e-Taqleed

Fiqh Page 10.45 www.madressa.net

Qualities Of A Mujtahid Or Marj'a

1. Baligh
2. Aqil (Sane)
3. Ithna-asheri
4. Adil (Just)
5. Alive
6. Mujtahid
7. A'alam (Most Knowledgeable)
8. Legitimate
9. Good memory
10. Male
11. Not involved in worldly affairs so as to hinder scholarly pursuits.

Our present Marja' is:

Our present Marja', Ayatullah Seestani was born in Mashhad, Iran and is at
present stationed in Najaf, Iraq.

Sources used by Mujtahids to give Fatwa are:

1. Quran
2. Sunnah
3. Ijma (Consensus) &
4. Aql (Reasoning)

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Ways of identifying the Mujtahide A'lam (Marja'):
1. A learned person who possesses the capacity to identify him, should
personally believe that he is Mujtahide A'lam.
2. Two people who are Learned and Just and possess the capacity to identify
a Mujtahide A'lam, provided that two other people Learned and Just do not
contradict.
3. Some Learned people who possess the capacity to identify a Mujtahide
A'lam verify about a person being Mujtahide A'lam and one is satisfied by
their statement.
If it's not possible to identify an A'lam due to differences of opinion among
the Mujtahideen, a person should be cautious and if this isn't possible, he
should follow that person whom he himself considers to be A'lam and
knowing that comparatively there isn't any A'lam.

EHTIYAT
Means to adopt that alternative whereby one isn't a Mujtahid or Muqallid. It
means to perform Furoo-e-din following the rulings of various Mujtahids in such
a way that it is considered safe to do so.
E.g. If one Marj'a says food prepared by Ehle-Kitab is PAK and the other one
says its NAJIS, in Ehtiyat you follow the latter.
Unlike doing Taqleed, Ehtiyat is difficult, because to be able to do so, a person
has got to be well conversed with the different rulings of the different Marj'a
concerning the various issues.

When doing Taqleed, however, there are 4 ways of obtaining the judgements of
the Marj'a. They are:
1. Hearing direct from the Mujtahid
2. Judgement quoted by two people
3. From a satisfactory source
4. From a book presented by the Mujtahid.

Notes to keep in mind when referring to Fatawa (Rulings)

1. EHTIYATE WUJUBI:
If a Mujtahid gives a ruling, which is Ehtiyate Wujubi, then you may either
act upon it or turn towards the teachings for that fatwa only to the next
most A'alam living Marja. Example, If Ayatullah Seestani has made a
particular fatwa Ehtiyate Wajib, then you may follow him and consider that
fatwa to be Wajib, OR, get a second opinion from the next most A'alam
Mujtahid (like Ayatullah Khamenei) on that Fatwa only. If you follow the
same Mujtahid, then you will consider the ruling as Wajib.
2. EHTIYATE MUSTAHABI:
Where a Mujtahid has given a ruling of Ehtiyate Mustahabi, one has option
of performing or not performing the action.

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Below Are Some Questions Regarding Taqleed

1. Why do we do Taqleed for Furoo-e-din and not Usool-e-din?

Roots of religion cannot be followed blindly or by inheritance. One should
have belief in these facts through understanding and reasoning but without
any compulsion. Furoo-e-din are the laws directly given to us by Allah
through his Messenger Prophet Muhammad (S) and the Holy Qur'an and
one needs to follow them and since they are the laws of Allah, one is not
allowed to do as one wishes.
2. Is it necessary to utter the Niyyat?
No, it isn't necessary to utter one's Niyyat, however, it has to be done with
one's Mujtahid in mind. Upon becoming Baligh, one must do Taqleed
immediately.
3. What happens to my A'maal if I do Niyyat for Taqleed late?
This depends on the Mujtahid A'lam, if he says it's fine then your A'maal
are accepted otherwise your A'maal are BATIL and Qaza has to be paid.
Agha Khui and Agha Gulpayghani used to say that A'maals are accepted;
and that only repentance (Istighfar) is necessary.
4. As Qur'an is one of the sources of guidance, how does it manage to
meet the changes in our needs?
Our Holy Prophet (S) has said:
"..... The Qur'an has a beautiful exterior and a very deep interior. It has no
final limit. After every apparent limit comes another limit. Its wonders have
no end and its freshness does not fade".
Imam Ja'far as Sadiq (A) has said:
"The Qur'an has not been revealed for a fixed period, or for a particular
nation. The Qur'an is for all ages and for all the human beings. Hence it is
ever fresh and new for the people.

Apart from the Qur'an, the Mujtahids use Hadith. Ilmul Hadith is the study of
narration of a Hadith, different sources of a Ahadith, whether or not the
narrators are reliable, trustworthy or false.

The four famous books of Hadith which are the reliable source for Shia scholars
are:
1) al Kafi - by Shaykh Kulayni
2) Man laa Yahdhuruhul Faqih - by Shaykh Sadooq
3) al Istibsaar - by Syed Tusi
4) al Tahzeeb - by Syed Tusi

There are a few differences in Fatawa of Mujtahideed and this is, briefly, due to:

1) Difference in understanding the interpretation (tafseer) of Qur'an.

2) Difference in understanding the context Hadith.
3) Difference in judging the chain of narrators.
4) Difference in understanding Usul-ul-Fiqh.

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In Islamic History, since Ghaibat-e-Kubra began, many Marja's have passed
through the chain and played important part by contributing to the study of Fiqh
(Islamic Jurisprudence) and general Islamic Studies. We must make an effort to
study the life histories of these great figures including that of our present Marj'a.

ALWAYS DO TAQLEED AND REMEMBER....

A person who performs his religious duties without acting on the Fatawa
of a Mujtahid who fulfils all the requisite conditions, he is guilty of
carelessness in religious matters and is answerable before Allah.

Taqleed
 Taqleed means obeying Islamic Laws according to the ruling of a Mujtahid.
 Mujtahid is an expert in the ruling of Islamic Laws.
 Marja' is more knowledgeable than various other Mujtahids and usually
has a book on Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) in print, e.g. "Islamic Laws" by
Ayatullah Khui and Ayatulla Seestani.
 Muqallid is a person who does Taqleed.
 Our present Marja', Ayatullah Seestani was born in Mashhad, Iran and is
at present stationed in Najaf, Iraq.
 When doing Taqleed, there are 4 ways of obtaining the judgements of the
Marj'a. They are:
* Hearing direct from the Mujtahid
* Judgement quoted by two people
* From a satisfactory source
* From a book presented by the Mujtahid

Fiqh Page 10.49 www.madressa.net

CLASS 10 - LESSON 19

GHUSL

Ghusl is an Arabic word meaning "to have a bath in order to wash the body".
The Islamic Shariah has made Ghusl Wajib on some occasions and Mustahab
on some occasions. In the cases of Mustahab Ghusl there are lots of Thawaab.
The method of performing Ghusl is set by Shariah and cannot be performed in
any other way except the one prescribed.

Types Of Ghusl
There are SEVEN (7) WAJIB GHUSLS:

1. JANABAT
2. MASE MAYYIT
3. MAYYIT
4. NAZR, QASAM OR AHAD
5. ISTIHADHA
6. HAIDH
7. NIFAS

The first 4 are common to both men and women. The last 3 however, are for
Women ONLY.

The Mustahab Ghusls are many. The most important one is Ghusle Jum'a. This
Ghusl has been highly recommended by Ma'sumeen (A). Others are Ghusl on
Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha

Conditions Of Ghusl  386

1. The water of Ghusl must be Tahir, Mutlaq and Mubah.
2. The place where Ghusl is performed must be Mubah, likewise if utensils
(such as buckets) are used during the Ghusl, they must be Mubah and
should not be made of Silver or Gold.
3. Before starting your Ghusl, your body does not have to be made Pak as
long as it becomes Pak once the Ghusl has been performed.  378
4. Ghusl should be performed with the intention of Qurbatan Ilallah, i.e. to
seek nearness of Allah and to obey His order.
5. Ghusl must be performed by yourself and not with anyone's help, except in
the event of illness.
6. Using water for Ghusl should not be harmful to health.
7. Oily substances, dirt or anything which may obstruct the water from
reaching the skin, must be removed. Thus hair oil, nail polish, lipstick, etc.
must be removed completely before performing Ghusl.

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How To Perform Ghusl

There are 2 methods.  366

1. GHUSL-E-TARTIBI: (Ghusl in stages and sequence)  367

First, the whole head running down

to the neck must be washed.

Second, the rest of the body can be

washed altogether OR this can be
washed in 2 stages:

First the right half, including & Then the left half, including
your private parts completely, your private parts completely.

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2. GHUSL-E-IRTIMASI (Ghusl by immersion)  373

This is done in 2 ways:

Either by washing the whole body at the same time or gradually. If you want to
immerse the whole body in water at the same time, then after making Niyyat,
submerge your whole body into the water by diving into a river, sea or
swimming pool or any container, which is Kur*.

In the gradual method, Ayatullah Seestani specifies that for this kind of Ghusl,
you must be outside the water before you do your Niyyat. After Niyyat you then
start to immerse yourself gradually into the water and this can be done either in
the river, sea or even in a pool.

* Kur is 384-litre (Volume = 27” x 27” x 27”) i.e. minimum volume = 27 inches
each side.

Ghusl
 There are 7 Wajib Ghusls. These are:
Janabat Istihadha [women only]
Mase Mayyit Haidh [women only]
Mayyit Nifas [women only]
Nazr, Qasam Or Ohad
 Ghusl can be performed in two ways: Ghusl-e-Tartibi & Ghusl-e-Irtimase
 Ghusl-e-Tartibi – This is done in stages or sequence.
 Ghusl-e-Itimase is done by Immersion.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 20

WAJIB GHUSLS FOR WOMEN [GIRLS ONLY]

Every adult and healthy girl has periodical discharge of blood. Before every
prayer, a woman has to purify herself from such discharge. Females have three
(3) types of discharge of blood, namely: HAIDH, ISTIHADHA and NIFAS. The
purification required for Haiz and Istihadha is Ghusl.

Nifas  514
This is the bleeding after childbirth. There is no minimum time for Nifas, but the
maximum number of days for which it can appear is ten (10) days.

Haidh
This means "menstruation" generally known as "period".
1. Any blood seen before the completion of 9 years or after 50 years of age is
not Haidh. That blood is called Istihadha.  442
2. The duration for Haidh is the discharge of blood for more than 3 days and
only up to 10 days. Blood which comes for less than 3 days or after 10
days, is called Istihadha.  446
3. There are detailed rules concerning women which are based on whether in
condition of Haidh, does she have a regular date and/or number of days or
not; and whether she is having her period for the first time, or whether she
has forgotten her date and/or number of days. This is all explained below.

Types DATE No. Of Days

Zatul Adad  485 - 492 Fixed
Zatul Wakt  493 - 497 Same Every Month
Zatul Wakt Wal Adad  498 -499 Same Every Month Fixed
Muztarebah  500 Not Fixed As Yet Not Fixed As Yet
Naseyah  505 Forgotten [Either] Forgotten [Either]
Naseyatul Wakt Forgotten
Naseyatul Adad Forgotten
Naseyatul Wakt Wal Adad Forgotten Forgotten

Mubtadeah  502
This is the name given to a lady who has just started her period.

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Istihadha  399
This is the blood, which is neither Haidh nor Nifas. It is divided into three (3)
categories.

Istihadha Qalilah: (Minor Istihadha)

This is when the blood does not penetrate the cotton pad used for protection.

Ghusl None required for this category

Wudhoo Must be done for every prayer e.g. if she prays Asr
immediately after Zuhr Salaat, she still has to do Wudhu for
Asr

Istihadha Mutawassita: (Medium Istihadha)

This is when the blood penetrates the cotton pad but does not exceed it.

Ghusl One ghusl done daily e.g. if she had seen this Istihadha
before Zuhr, then she should do Ghusl before Zuhr prayer
and should pray Zuhr prayer with that Ghusl and one
Wudhu as mentioned below. The rest of the prayers up to
the morning prayers of the next day should be prayed with
one Wudhu each.
Wudhoo Must be done for every prayer e.g. if she prays Asr
immediately after Zuhr Salaat, she still has to do Wudhu for
Asr

Istihadha Kathirah: (Major Istihadha)

This is when the blood exceeds the cotton pad after soaking it.

Ghusl Three ghusl required per day i.e. one for morning, one for
Zuhr and Asr together and one for Maghrib and Isha
together.
Wudhoo Must be done for every prayer e.g. if she prays Asr
immediately after Zuhr Salaat, she still has to do Wudhu for
Asr

Note:
1. In all cases it is emphasised that she should change the cotton pad before
every Wudhu.
2. If she is unable for any reason to do Ghusl or Wudhu, she should do
Tayammum in place of that Ghusl or Wudhu.
3. If a woman has observed the rules mentioned above, she should consider
herself Tahir.

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Things Which Are Haraam In Haidh And Nifas  456/361
1. Reciting even a single ayat from those Suras in which there are Wajib
Sajdahs.
2. Touching the writing of the Holy Qur'an or the names of Allah, Prophets
(A), or Imams (A) in any script.
3. Entering any Mosque. If necessary you may pass the mosque without
stopping. But as far as Masjidun Nabawi and Masjidul Haraam are
concerned, even passing through them is not allowed.
4. Putting anything into a mosque even from outside; and entering a mosque
to take out anything.

Things Which Are Makrooh In Haidh And Nifas  362

1. Reciting more than seven ayats from the Holy Qur'an.
2. Touching the Holy Qur'an.
3. Taking the Holy Qur'an or carrying it from one place to another even
without touching it.

A woman in Haidh or Nifas is exempted from both praying and fasting. She
does not have to pray Qaza for the Salaat left in this state, however, she has to
repay the fast she misses.

Wajib Ghusls For Women Only

 Nifas - This is the bleeding after childbirth. There is no minimum time for
Nifas, but the maximum number of days for which it can appear is ten (10)
days.
 Haidh - This means "menstruation" generally known as "period".
 Istihadha - This is the blood, which is neither Haidh nor Nifas. It is divided
into three (3) categories:
Istihadha Qalilah: (Minor Istihadha)
Istihadha Mutawassita: (Medium Istihadha)
Istihadha Kathirah: (Major Istihadha)
 Things which are haraam in Haidh & Nifas are:
* Reciting even a single ayat from those Suras in which there are Wajib
Sajdahs.
* Touching the writing of the Holy Qur'an or the names of Allah,
Prophets (A), or Imams (A) in any script.
* Entering any Mosque. If necessary you may pass the mosque without
stopping. But as far as Masjidun Nabawi and Masjidul Haraam are
concerned, even passing through them is not allowed.
* Putting anything into a mosque even from outside; and entering a
mosque to take out anything

Fiqh Page 10.55 www.madressa.net

CLASS 10 - LESSON 21

NAFILA

These are Mustahab prayers, which have been recommended for Muslims and
have much merit. Our Imams (A) have said that one of the signs of the believers
is that he performs Nafila Prayers, so that if for any reason the Wajib Salaat are
not performed correctly on account of forgetfulness, the Nafila Prayers make
good the lapse by substituting the errors in the Wajib Salaat. Hence, in order to
win the pleasure of Allah these prayers should be performed in the same way
as the Wajib Salaat, for Salaat is the highest virtue of a believer.

There are 34 Raka'ats in total. How they are divided is explained below:
1. 2 Raka'ats are to be recited before Fajr Salaat.
2. 8 Raka'ats are to be recited before Zuhr Salaat.
3. 8 Raka'ats are to be recited before Asr Salaat.
4. 4 Raka'ats are to be recited after Maghrib Salaat.
5. 2 Raka'ats are to be recited after Isha Salaat; these 2 Raka'ats have to be
offered sitting making it equivalent to 1 Raka'at standing.
6. 11 Raka'ats are to be offered at Midnight this Mustahab Salaat is called
Salaat-e-Shab.

All those Nafila prayers that have more than 2 Raka'ats have to be offered in
sets of 2 Raka'ats. The method of praying is the same as Salaat-e-Fajr.

Salaat-e-Shab
The most important and highly recommended prayer amongst the Mustahab
prayers is Salaat-e-Shab.

Another name for Salaat e Shab is Salaat-e-Tahajjud.

The recitation of Salaat-e-Shab brings a lot of blessings and one gets many
benefits most of which are enjoyed after death.

Benefits of Salaat-e-Shab
1. Allah is pleased with him.
2. The angels keep friends with him.
3. It is the light of knowledge.
4. It is the root of faith.
5. It keeps one physically fit.
6. Devils keep away from him.
7. The enemies cannot harm him.
8. One's duas and good deeds are accepted.
9. It intercedes with the angle of death.
10. One's livelihood is increased.
11. It provides comfort in the grave.
12. It will help in answering the questions in the grave.

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 13. It will act as a barrier against the fire of Hell.
14. On The Day of Judgement, it will be the cause for forgiveness from Allah.
15. It will make the crossing of Sirat easier.
16. It is the Key to Heaven.

Time For Praying Salaat-e-Shab

It should be prayed anytime after midnight and before Subhe Sadiq. The best
time is in the last hours of the night and just before dawn, so that one can pray
Salaat e Fajr once it is Subhe Sadiq.

Method Of Praying Salaat-e-Shab

It consists of 11 Raka'ats.
Five prayers of 2 Raka'ats each and one prayer of 1 Raka'at.

11 raka’ats split into 5 prayers of 2 Raka’ats each + 1 prayer of 1 Raka’at

st nd rd th th
1 set of 2 2 set of 3 set of 2 4 set of 2 5 set of 2 1 set of 1
raka’ats 2 raka’ats raka’ats raka’ats raka’ats raka’at

Recited like Recited like Recited like

Salaat-e- Salaat-e- Salaat-e-
Fajr Fajr Fajr

Recite with Niyyat of

st Salaat-e-Shafaa
1 raka’at st
1 raka’at
Recite Surae Al-Hamd & then
Recite Surae Al-Hamd & then
Surae Tawheed; Sura-e-Falaq;
nd
2 raka’at nd
2 raka’at
Recite Surae Al-Hamd & after it
Recite Surae Al-Hamd & then
is better to recite Surae Kafiroon.
Sura-e-Naas

1. Recite with the Niyyat of Salaat-e-Witr

2. After Surae Al-Hamd; recite Surae Tawheed 3 times, Surae Falaq 3 times and Surae Naas
once
3. Then raise you hands for Qunoot & recite
”ASTAGH FIRULLAHA RABBI WATUBU ILAYH” 70 times.
4. After that recite the names of 40 Mu'mineen (believers) living or dead, taking their names in
the following manner:
”ALLAHUMMAGHFIRLI (the name)”
5. If you cannot remember the names of 40 Mo'mineen then just recite
”ALLAHUMMAGH FIRLI MO'MINEENA WAL MO'MINAAT”
6. Then recite
“AL-AFV” 300 times
7. Finally recite
8. “HADHA MAQAMUL AU'ZUBIKA MINAN NAAR” 7 times.
9. Then complete the Salaat with Rukuu, Sajdah, Tashahud and Salaam.

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After finishing the Salaat:
a. Recite TASBEEH-E-FATIMA ZAHRA (A)
34 TIMES ALLAHU AKBAR
33 TIMES ALHAMDULILLAH
33 TIMES SUBHANALLAH
b. Then go to Sajdah and recite SHUKRAN LILLAH 100 times.
c. After Sajdah sit again and recite AYATUL QURSI.
d. Go to Sajdah again and recite SHUKRAN LILLAH 100 times.

Then pray 2 Raka'ats with the Niyyat of Nawafil-e-Subh by which time it will
probably be time for Fajr Salaat, if not, then recite some Dua's until the time of
Salaat-e-Fajr.

Nafila
 These are Mustahab prayers, which have been recommended for Muslims
and have much merit
 There are 34 Raka'ats in total. How they are divided is explained below:
* 2 Raka'ats are to be recited before Fajr Salaat
* 8 Raka'ats are to be recited before Zuhr Salaat
* 8 Raka'ats are to be recited before Asr Salaat
* 4 Raka'ats are to be recited after Maghrib Salaat
* 2 Raka'ats are to be recited after Isha Salaat; these 2 Raka'ats
have to be offered sitting making it equivalent to 1 Raka'at
standing
* 11 Raka'ats are to be offered at Midnight this Mustahab Salaat is
called Salaat-e-Shab
 The most important and highly recommended prayer amongst the
Mustahab prayers is Salaat-e-Shab
.

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CLASS 10 - LESSON 22

HAJ

Our Holy Prophet (S) has said:

"Go for Haj, you will become rich.

The reward for Haj is Paradise and Umra is compensation for every sin.
Haj and Umra both take away poverty and sins just as sandpaper cleans away
the rust from the iron.
It is a kind of Jihad.
One who goes out for Haj or Umra gets a reward and millions of benefits at
every step.
Millions of his sins are forgiven and he is rewarded with millions of high grades.
Any penny or pounds he spends in the way of Allah becomes stored with God
multiplied by thousands.''

Haj is Wajib act, which has to be performed once in a lifetime. When a person
makes an intention for Haj, he has to be careful not to include any other
reasons in his intention. The Niyyat has to be solely for the pleasure of Allah i.e.
Qurbatan Ilallah.

However, there are certain conditions that have to be met before Haj becomes
Wajib on an individual; these are:

1. Baligh - (reaches age of puberty)

2. Aqil - Being sane and sound of mind
3. Istita-ah - (Being capable).

Meaning Of Istita-ah
1. You should be able to afford the expense of your journey for Haj and the
stay during Haj.
2. You must be able to maintain those dependents who have remained at
home.
3. When you return, you must have enough means to maintain yourself and
your dependents.
4. The journey to Haj and returning from it must not involve any danger to
either your life nor your wealth or your family.
5. You must be healthy. If you cannot go due to an illness but all the other
conditions of Haj are fulfilled then you can send someone on your behalf.
6. You must have enough time to perform all the Wajib acts of Haj. If you
cannot do so then you have to keep the money aside and go in the
following year.

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What To Do Before Going For Haj
1. Your money is clean; i.e. you have no debts especially Wajib debts like
Khums and Zakat.
2. Your intention is purely for Haj; i.e. your Niyyat is of Qurbatan Ilallah.
3. You have prepared a Will and given away some Sadaqah for your journey.

WAJIBATS OF HAJ

UMRA-E-TAMATTU HAJ-E-TAMATTU

Performed anytime Performed from 9th to

between 1st Shawwal 13th Zilhaj
and 8th Zilhaj

NIYYAT, IHRAM & NIYYAT, IHRAM &

TALBIYAH TALBIYAH

WUQOOF-E-
TAWAF OF KA’ABA ARAFAAT

MUZDALIFAH
SALAAT-E-
TAWAAF
MINA
SAEE
QURBANI

TAQSEER
TAQSEER

TAWAAF OF HAJ &

ITS SALAAT

SAEE

TAWAFUN NISA &

ITS SALAAT

MINA

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Umra-e-Tamattu – Wajibats Explained in Detail
1. You do Niyyat, wear Ihram and recite Talbiyah. Ihram will be worn in
Meeqat. Before entering Mecca one must become a Muhrim i.e. being in a
state of Ihram. Ihram is worn at Meeqat, which means boundary
2. Tawaaf of Ka'aba..
3. Salaat-e-Tawaaf at Maqaame Ibrahim or nearby.
4. Saee - going seven times between the rocks of Safa and Marwa.
5. Taqseer - trimming a bit of your hair or nails.

Haj-e-Tamattu – Wajibats Explained in Detail

th
8 Zilhaj
You should have performed Umra-e-Tamattu by now
th th th
9 Zilhaj - Morning 9 Zilhaj – Zuhr 9 Zilhaj - Maghrib

Do Niyyat, Wuqoof-e-Arafat: Wuqoof-e-Masharul Haraam –

Wear Ihram Arrived at Arafat by now. Muzdalifah:
& Recite Talbiya Done in Wajib to stay there until Wajib to stay there from Dawn
Makka Maghrib to Sunrise. Collect 70 stones
for use at Mina. Women & the
old can leave for Mina after
collecting pebbles.
th th th
10 Zilhaj 10 Zilhaj 10 Zilhaj

At sunrise, depart for Mina. Qurbani [Sacrifice] Taqseer or Halaq

st
On arrival, 1 Wajib act is to After striking the Jamarah, This is the next wajib act
go to Jamarah of Aqaba & qurbani must be done. The This is the trimming of hair or
strike it 7 times with pebbles animal for sacrifice may be nails or shaving of the head.
collected at Muzdalifah camel, cow, goat or sheep
th th th
10 Zilhaj 11 Zilhaj 12 Zilhaj

Go for Tawaaf of Haj; Salaat Hit all 3 Jamarahs each with 7 Continue to stay at Mina. Hit
of Tawaaf; Saee; Tawafun pebbles. Continue to stay at all 3 Jamarahs each with 7
Nisa & Salaat. Spend the Mina. pebbles. Leave Mina after
night at Mina Dhohr and before sunset. Haj-
e-Tamattu and the Haj are
complete

Haj
 Haj is Wajib act, which has to be performed once in a lifetime.
 When a person makes an intention for Haj, it has to be solely for the
pleasure of Allah.
 Haj becomes wajib on a person who is baligh; of sane and sound mind
and is capable of performing Haj.
 Before going for Haj, you have to make sure you have no debts [especially
khums & zakat]; intention should be purely for Haj; prepare a will and give
away sadaqah for your journey.

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