man-c-trv
man-c-trv
AC
Power
(side
"Alarm"
Ground Lug mount)
Re d LED
GROUND ALARM
POWER
"OK"
J1 LNC J2 TX OUT J3 TX IF J4 RX IF J5 M & C J6 RS232
Green
LED
That’s really all you must do! Good luck with your new ANASAT®-C Transceiver!
Extended—EC
Super Extended—SEC
Russian —RC
PALAPA—PC
INSAT—XC
LMC
You have just received an AnaSat®-C Transceiver, a cost-effective product with no
compromise on quality and reliability. This product should provide tireless
performance in any reasonable operating environment.
We, at ANACOM, have taken great care to provide a convenient, easy-to-use product in
a single package. Our powerful Monitor and Control enables you to set transmit and
receive frequencies and gains and monitor numerous major and minor operational
parameters using a “dumb terminal” interface. There’s no need to worry about
available voltages; the internal universal power supply can automatically accommodate
virtually all AC voltage possibilities.
Should a situation arise beyond the operator’s control, just give us a telephone call.
Many situations can be diagnosed and solved by ANACOM’s trained customer-service
personnel over the phone.
If you have any questions, require technical assistance or training please call ANACOM
directly at (408) 748-7800 or FAX to us at (408) 748-7801. You can also send e-mail
to [email protected] and one of our engineers will contact you.
ANACOM, INC.
3000 Tasman Drive
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Tel: (408) 748-7800
Fax: (408) 748-7801
© 2005 AnaCom, Inc. All rights reserved. The information furnished by AnaCom, Incorporated, in this publication is
believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by AnaCom for its use, nor any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent right of AnaCom, Inc. AnaCom reserves the right to change circuitry and
specifications at any time without prior notice.
The following terms are trademarks of their respective holders:
AnaSat, AnaCom, Inc.
Polyswitch
Teflon
Duroid
VT52, VT100 Digital Equipment Corp.
INTELSAT
ANACOM
3000 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara CA 95054
Tel: (408) 748-7800 Fax: (408) 748-7801
3072309
Operating Manual
for the
ANASAT®-C-Series
C-Band Transceiver
Table of Contents
Subject Page
Section 1. Product Introduction and Specifications ............................................... 1-1
Typical Operating Parameters ..................................................................................... 1-2
Section 2. Installation
Unpacking ................................................................................................................... 2-1
Packing List ................................................................................................................. 2-1
Safety Precautions ....................................................................................................... 2-2
Site Considerations ..................................................................................................... 2-2
Transceiver Mounting Considerations ......................................................................... 2-3
Grounding ................................................................................................................... 2-3
Cable and Waveguide Connections ............................................................................. 2-6
Water Resistance Wrap ............................................................................................... 2-7
Section 3. Operation
Preliminary Steps ........................................................................................................ 3-1
M & C Operation ........................................................................................................ 3-2
Gain Adjustments ........................................................................................................ 3-4
Quick Start Guide ........................................................................................................ 3-6
Subject Page
Section 4. Theory of Operation
Signal Path .................................................................................................................. 4-1
Control & Power Systems ........................................................................................... 4-1
Low Noise Converter .................................................................................................. 4-1
Converter Module ....................................................................................................... 4-3
Power Amplifier .......................................................................................................... 4-5
Monitor & Control Unit .............................................................................................. 4-6
Frequency Reference ................................................................................................... 4-9
Power Supply .............................................................................................................. 4-9
Appendices
Appendix A. M & C Command Set ....................................................................... A-1
Appendix B. Alarm List .......................................................................................... B-1
Appendix C. Serial Port Wiring ............................................................................ C-1
Appendix D. C-Band Satellite Channel Frequencies
ANASAT®-EC Satellite Channels .................................................... D-1
ANASAT®-SEC Satellite Channels .................................................. D-4
ANASAT®-XC Satellite Channels .................................................... D-7
ANASAT®-PC Satellite Channels ................................................... D-10
ANASAT®-RC Satellite Channels .................................................. D-12
ANASAT®-LMC Satellite Channels ............................................... D-15
Appendix E Converting dBm to Watts and Watts to dBm ................................. E-1
Appendix F Transceivers Weights & Dimensions ................................................ F-1
Section 1. Introduction
control all local transceivers and other network-com-
patible equipment.
The ANASAT®-C transceiver upconverts the
modulator’s 70 MHz IF output to an RF signal in the
6 GHz range for transmission, and downconverts the
4 GHz received RF signal to a 70 MHz IF signal for
use by the demodulator.
The PA uses Internally-Matched Field-Effect
Figure 1-1 The ANASAT®-C VSAT transceiver (5W Transistors (IMFET) to achieve highly linear power
version shown) and gain with minimal intermodulation distortion
(IMD) products.
The ANASAT®-C VSAT series C-Band trans- High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMT)
ceivers are designed for continuous outdoor duty in and Gallium-Arsenide Field-Effect Transistors (GaAs
all types of environments. Ideally suited for SCPC, FET) enable the Low-Noise Down-Converter (LNC)
MCPC, and DAMA applications, the ANASAT®-C to achieve a noise figure better than 35 ºK.
series transceivers transmit in the 6 GHz frequency
range and receive in the 4 GHz range. The transmit (TX) and receive (RX) synthesiz-
ers are locked to an oven controlled, high-stability
The ANASAT®-C VSAT transceivers integrate crystal oscillator (OCXO) and can provide 1 MHz
all necessary functions, including the solid-state frequency selection step sizes over the entire band-
power amplifier (PA), into a small, highly integrated width. TX and RX frequency selection is completely
outdoor package. The only cabling required to the independent for extra flexibility.
indoor plant are the IF and AC power cables. The
LNC connects to the transceiver with a single coaxial In this manual, all frequency ranges reflect the
cable. Standard “C” model of the ANASAT®-C transceiver
except as noted.
Designed to interface with any 70 MHz modem,
the ANASAT®-C VSAT transceiver may be used in a
wide variety of communication networks. The earth
stations may be configured in Star, Mesh, or Ring
networks and with the optional Station Management
System (SMS) tied to a PC, you can monitor and
Figure 1-2. The ANASAT®80C, showing cooling fan Figure 1-3. The ANASAT®100C, Higher Power
A. FREQUENCIES
Model (1 MHz step size)
(1) Transmit RF EC 5850 to 6425 MHz
(N-Connector on 0, 2, 5,10, 20 and 40W) SEC 5850 to 6725 MHz
(CPR-137G Waveguide on 30,50,60,70... XC *6725 to 7025 MHz
...80, 100, 150 and 200W) *(500 kHz step size)
RC 5975 to 6475 MHz
PC 6425 to 6665 MHz
LMC 5700 to 6275 MHz
B. RF POWER LEVELS
(1) Receiver Output –35 dBc max., measured
Intermod. By Product with two carriers @ -80 dBm,
30 kHz apart
(b) Gain Variation, –40ºC to +50ºC @ Transmit RF and under all conditions
± 1.5 dB
(c) Intermodulation By-Products (IP) (measured at a power
output of 9dB composite below the P–1dB spec) –33 dBc max.
E. INSTANTANEOUS BANDWIDTH
F. IMPEDANCE
G. SYNTHESIZERS
H. FREQUENCY REFERENCE
RF / IF CONNECTOR DESIGNATIONS
(2) Protocol RS-232 port supports any “dumb” terminal or ASCII interface
RS-485 port supports addressed, packetized
data per ANACOM Supervisor™ software specifications
(3) Alarm Relays Form-C for Major and Minor alarms; isolated.
Independent TX and RX relay alarms in Protection Mode
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
A. WEIGHT
(1) Transceiver
B. SIZE
(1) Transceiver
0 dBm, 2 watt, 5 watt 21.6” x 9.0” x 7.0” (549 x 229 x 178 mm)
10 watt 21.6” x 9.0” x 11.6” (549 x 229 x 295 mm)
20 watt 21.6” x 9.0” x 13.5” (549 x 229 x 343 mm)
30 watt, 50 watt, 60 watt, 70 watt 21.6” x 9.0” x 15.0” (549 x 229 x 381 mm)
40 watt 21.6” x 9.0” x 14.0” (549 x 229 x 356 mm)
80 watt 21.6” x 9.0” x 16.0” (549 x 229 x 407 mm)
100 watt 21.6” x 13.0” x 14.0” (549 x 330 x 356 mm)
150 watt, 200 watt 38.0” x 13.0” x 12.3” (965 x 328 x 313 mm)
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
A. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
(1) Operating –40 to +50°C
Section 2. Installation
The ANASAT®-C transceiver consists of the
Removal of any cover may jeopardize
transceiver, the Low Noise Converter (LNC), and the weather seal which may cause
the LNC interconnection cable. ! problems later.
This chapter contains the general requirements
for installing the transceiver and LNC on the antenna
and making the cable and waveguide connections.
Unpacking
Specific mounting methods may vary considerably Check to make sure that the transceiver has
depending upon particular antenna and site charac- not suffered any damage in shipment. Compare con-
teristics. Refer to the antenna manufacturer’s in- tents of the crate to ensure items received match
structions for more detailed instructions. those listed on the packing slip. Retain all shipping
containers for future use.
ANASAT®-C transceivers are designed for in-
stallation and setup without removing the cover. The
transceiver may be completely initialized for normal Tools and Test Equipment
operation using an ASCII Have on-hand a standard electrician’s tool kit
terminal or a local computer. and any tools listed in your antenna installation in-
structions.
Unit Part Number Quantity
·Transceiver — 1
· LNC for EC, SEC, RC, LMC versions 30570 1
for XC (INSAT) 30680 1
for PC (PALAPA) 30816 1
· LNC Screws 1/4-20 X 1" HEX HD. 11837016 10
1/4-20 X 1 1/2" HEX HD. 11838001 10
Washer, 1/4" Split Lock 11839001 10
Washer, 1/4" Flat 11840 10
Gasket, WR229 - Half 10933 1
Gasket, WR229 - Full 10934 1
Gasket, WR137, Half, For Waveguide Output 10935 1
· 10 ft. (3m) LNC to Transceiver Cable with male N-connectors
(longer cables also available) 30641010 1
· Power Cable with 4-pin circular connector (one end) 31185015 1
· Cable-End Connectors: 6-pin weathertight circular 10614006 1
18-pin weathertight circular 10616018 1
· ANACOM Supervisor™ software CD 30673 1
· Mastic Tape, 30” x ¾” 10932 1
· Operating Manual 30723 1
· Quick Start Guide 1
· M&C Cable, DB9 to 6 pin circular 30720010 1
Optional Accessories:
· Andrew 1/4” Heliax™ Low Loss Cable, 3 ft. (0.9m) 11706
· T/R Filter for EC, SEC, RC, LMC versions 10917
for XC (INSAT) 10937
for PC (PALAPA) 10972
· Transceiver Mounting Kit 12104
Table 2-1. ANASAT®-C Packing List
!
when operating this equipment. Site Considerations
Peculiar installation requirements of any par-
Ensure the ANASAT -C transceiver and LNC
® ticular site is the responsibility of the system opera-
are properly grounded. Do not rely on coaxial cable tor. ANACOM can engineer an optional installation
shields for the ground connection. mounting kit, customized for your site and hardware.
Contact ANACOM for details.
If the cover is removed from any ANACOM
product, ensure that all: Antenna
· gaskets are intact and free of damage prior The transceiver must be attached to some form
to reinstallation of mounting structure which is usually the antenna
feed boom or the antenna bracket structure. Specific
· mounting screws are properly installed mounting procedures will depend on the antenna
Ensure all connectors are properly water- used. The transceiver and LNC are designed to be
proofed. mounted on most antennas. Locate and install the
antenna according to the antenna manufacturer’s
instructions. Choose an area that is free of extrane-
Power Supply
ous interference from motors and electronic equip-
Confirm that AC Power is disconnected before
ment and has a clear line-of-sight from the antenna
removing the transceiver or LNC cover.
to the satellite.
TRANSCEIVER
2. 70MHz Modem
Attach a coaxial cable with male N-connec-
tors between the transceiver’s TX IF and the
modulator IF OUTPUT. Make sure that the
connections are weather-tight.
Attach a coaxial cable with male N-connec-
tors between the transceiver’s RX IF and the
demodulator IF INPUT. Make sure that the
connections are weather-tight.
Figure 2-2. LNC assembly.
3. AC Power
Cable and Waveguide Attach the AC input cable to the 4-pin con-
Connections nector on the transceiver. Run the AC cable to
the power source but do not attach yet. The
supplied power cable has a weather-tight cir-
Cabling Requirements cular connector attached to one end. The
Local regulations may require that cables in oc- other end is terminated with flying leads. At-
cupied buildings be installed in steel conduit. Local tach the proper AC power connector for your
government agencies may waive this requirement for location to the end of this cable.
the use of Plenum cables, which are standard cables
entirely encased in solid Teflon. Check the codes in
Color code:
your area.
Brown..................AC Hot power lead
NOTE: EQUIPMENT OUTAGES DUE TO FAULTY CABLE Blue......................AC Neutral power lead
MATERIALS OR INSTALLATION ARE NOT COVERED BY YOUR WAR- Green/Yellow......Ground
RANTY.
Final Check
Recheck all bolts and cabling. Refer to Figure 2. Pre-cut the mastic tape to the desired size
2-3 to verify cable connections. and remove the protective wax liner from
the tape.
After all other connections have been made,
connect the AC power cord to an active outlet. 3. Center the tape on the connector to be
sealed and wrap the tape tightly around the
connector. Squeeze the tape tightly and en-
Water Resistance Wrap sure that both ends of the tape have formed
The application of moisture-resistant wrap around the connector and the cable.
(mastic tape) to all connectors is recommended to 4. Apply the mastic tape to all connectors that
prevent water entry and resultant water damage. may be exposed to moisture.
See Figure 2-3. Apply the mastic tape as follows:
1. Ensure that all connectors are tight.
POW ER
2-8
CONNECTION
ALARM
P OWE R
GN D
TX
TX RX IF M&C RS-232
LN C IF
OU T
Section 3. Operation
Preliminary Steps for a table of channel numbers versus frequency.
NOTE: Appendix D assumes an IF of 70 MHz for
After the ANACOM®-C hardware is mounted both TX IN and RX OUT. Add or subtract any dif-
and verified, the antenna must be aimed toward the ference between the actual IF and 70 MHz to deter-
desired satellite. Follow the antenna/mount manufac- mine the exact RF frequency employed.
turer’s instructions, using coordinates provided by the
satellite operator. Do not transmit until you have TXF; RXF
received authorization from the satellite network
Direct frequency entry in MHz can also be
operation center, and a transmit power level from
done by typing TXF**** or RXF**** where ****
its engineering staff.
are the transceiver frequencies desired. This also
assumes exactly 70MHz (or 140 MHz) TXIF &
AnaCom Transceivers are
RXIF.
shipped from the factory with
! TX ON as active. Operating frequencies for standard C-band
channels (EC and SEC) are calculated with the fol-
Terminal Connection and lowing formulas:
Configuration fTX = TX IFIN + 5854 + Ch# MHz
Autolink fRX = RX IFOUT + 3629 + Ch# MHz
The AnaCom M&C features automatic
baudrate sensing on the serial ports. If a wrong For negative channels:
baudrate is detected, the M&C will drop to 1200 fTX = TX IFIN + 5855 + Ch# MHz
baud and wait for user to move to 1200 baud. Ana-
Com provides a CD with both our Supervisor and fRX = RX IFOUT + 3630 + Ch# MHz
Supervisor Jr. software on it, that will establish a link For example, if the following commands are
with the ODU automatically, regardless of the last given to the transceiver:
used settings.
RXCHAN 50
Connect a terminal or computer running termi-
nal emulation software to either serial port. General- TXCHAN 50
ly, COM 1 (the 6-pin circular connector) is used for Then with a TX IN intermediate frequency of
on-site maintenance and control. COM 0 is often 72.5 MHz the result is an output frequency of 5976.5
used in its RS-485 mode, with multi-unit, packetized MHz. Likewise, with an RX OUT IF of 67.5 MHz ,
protocol and differential mode signals good for mod- then the received RF frequency is 3746.5 MHz.
erately long distance (up to 4000 feet or 1200m) re-
mote control. Either port or either serial protocol can For XC (INSAT) frequencies, the formulas are:
be used to accomplish setup. Set the terminal to 1200
fTX = TX IFIN + (13259 + Ch# ) / 2 MHz
baud, eight data bits, no parity, and one stop bit
(1200,N,8,1 protocol). Refer to Appendix C for wir- fRX = RX IFOUT + (8859 + Ch# ) / 2 MHz
ing diagrams for the COM ports.
TXC; RXC
The transmit and receive frequencies are set
independently using the TXCHAN (TXC) and RX-
CHAN (RXC) commands. Refer to Appendix D
For RC (Russian) frequencies, the formulas Apply power to the ANASAT®-C. While the
are: transceiver requires about 5 minutes for the OCXO
to reach full stability, antenna adjustments may be
fTX = TX IFIN + 5904 + Ch# MHz
performed by monitoring other signals, such as bea-
fRX = RX IFOUT + 3579 + Ch# MHz cons, immediately.
For PC (PALAPA) frequencies, the formulas Connect a spectrum analyzer to the RX IF out-
are: put. Set the ANASAT®-C to the desired frequency
using the RXCHAN (or RXFREQ) command, as
fTX = TX IFIN + 6354 + Ch# MHz described above. While monitoring the IF output for
fRX = RX IFOUT + 3329 + Ch# MHz signals, slowly sweep the antenna through azimuth
and elevation. Adjust antenna position for maximum
Both fTX and fRX may be directly entered and signal strength.
displayed via the M & C by using the TXFREQ and
RXFREQ commands. These commands will change Please note that the fan, on units so equipped, is
the terminal display from channel number to RF fre- thermostatically controlled and does not turn on when
quency. These frequencies assume exactly 70 MHz the unit is cold.
IF.
M & C Operation
Antenna Adjustment
Terminal Display
Do not transmit while adjusting the The M & C terminal display gives a complete
antenna position. accounting of transceiver alarms and status. The
! display is sent to the terminal every 30 seconds. This
interval can be changed with the UTIMER com-
Follow the antenna manufacturer’s instructions mand. (See Appendix A).
for antenna position adjustment. For final alignment,
contact the satellite operator and get the correct po- The top line shows the transceiver model and
larization, azimuth, and elevation of the satellite and serial number.
also confirm the desired transponder is operational. The second line gives the primary transceiver
operating parameters:
· status of the TXREQ setting: “ON” or · RXPLL shows the actual VCO control
“OFF” voltage of the RX synthesizer.
“ON” indicates the transceiver will transmit · TEMP shows the internal heat sink tem-
when all major transmitter alarms are cleared. perature in °C.
This is the normal setting.
· TXMUTE gives the status of the TX over-
“OFF” indicates the transmitter will not turn on ride circuits, any of which will turn off the
even if all alarms are clear. transmitter.
· Transmitter status is either “TX ON AIR” · LNC shows the LNC supply voltage.
or “TX OFF AIR”
· XTAL gives the status of the internal ref-
The third line gives a summary alarm indication. erence crystal. The two possible status are
The alarm can be “CLEAR”, “MINOR”, or “MA- WARMING or NORMAL. By default, WARM-
JOR”. See Appendix B for specific alarms. ING will disable the transmitter.
The fourth and fifth lines give TX and RX chan- · P12V shows the internal 13 volt power
nel (or frequency) and gain values. supply voltage.
· TXCHAN number is the actual transmit · P5V shows the internal 5 volt power sup-
channel selected. Alternately, TXFREQ ply voltage.
number is the actual transmit frequency for
· N5V shows the internal –5 volt power
70 MHz (140 MHz) input.
supply voltage.
· TXGAIN is the actual transmit gain value
· UTIMER gives the present value of the
selected in dB.
user timer which controls the cycle time of
· RXCHAN number is the actual receive the display in seconds.
channel selected; or RXFREQ number is
· TXin shows the approximate transmitter
the actual receive frequency for 70 MHz
input (TX IF) power level in dBm.
(140 MHz) output.
· TXout shows the approximate transmitter
· RXGAIN is the actual receiver gain value
output power level in dBm.
selected in dB.
· TXpeak shows the recent (60 sec) peak
The remainder for the display give detailed
transmitter output power level in dBm.
monitoring information as follows:
· RXout shows the approximate composite
· OSL LOCK gives alarm status of the
receiver output power level in dBm.
OSL phase locked loop; NORMAL or FAULT
· TERMTYPE gives the present terminal
· TXLOCK gives alarm status of the trans- type selection. Options are: “TTY”, “VT52”,
mit phase locked loop; NORMAL or FAULT and “VT100”.
· RXLOCK gives alarm status of the re- · ECHO gives the present setting for the
ceive phase locked loop; NORMAL or FAULT terminal echo function. When “ON”, the seri-
al port will echo all characters typed. When
· FANERR gives alarm status of the cool-
this parameter is “OFF” then the port will not
ing fan (ANASAT-10C and ANASAT-20C
echo characters.
only).
· CRLF gives the present setting for the
· OSLPLL shows the actual VCO control
serial port to issue a line feed (LF) after
voltage of the offset loop.
each carriage return(CR). Options are “ON”
· TXPLL shows the actual VCO control or “OFF”.
voltage of the TX synthesizer.
57 to 83 [30C, 40C]
3. Enable the Transmitter:
NOTE: GAIN SETTINGS AND POWER READINGS ARE NOT
INTENDED TO REPLACE A CALIBRATED POWER METER.
TX ON (TX OFF takes the
transmitter OFF air)
3. Connect a terminal to a serial port, configured to 1200bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, CR/LF Off.
Connection diagrams are in Appendix C.
4. Install a proper power connector on the (included) power cable. Plug the cable into 110 or 240VAC, 50/
60Hz. Verify the green LED on the transceiver is blinking, indicating normal internal operation. The red
LED is usually OFF. If illuminated, it indicates an alarm condition requiring attention. Refer to the
ALARM command for details (Appendix A).
AC
Power
(side
"Alarm"
Ground Lug mount)
Re d LED
ALARM
GROUND
POWER
"OK"
J1 LNC J2 TX OUT J3 TX IF J4 RX IF J5 M & C J6 RS232
Green
LED
Control and Power Systems Only one coaxial cable is needed between the
transceiver and the LNC. This cable carries three
The microprocessor-based M & C unit moni- signals:
tors the transceiver’s parameters to insure proper · L-band signal output from the LNC
operation and reliable, long term service. Two serial
ports provide local or remote terminal access. · »5 GHz LO input from the converter
Power distribution is controlled with each of · +13V DC power from the converter
several supply voltages and currents carefully moni- module.
tored. An active feedback negative bias voltage sup-
ply guarantees proper control of PA power.
Theory of Operation
Status Regist er Alarm Re gister UART
4-2
TX I F In (CPR- 137 W aveg uide
or CPR-137
Flange O ptional,
BPF BPF BPF BPF BPF BPF (SMA)
(N) 10W & 20W v ersions)
70MHz 1170MHz ≈ 6 GHz Waveguide Flange
TX Synthesizer
High St ability Offset Synthesizer ≈ 5 GHz
Power Amplifier
OCXO
TX Synthesizer
High Stability OCXO ≈ 5 GHz
RX Synthesi zer
≈ 5 GHz
RX Gain Set
(N)
5GHz LO
(N)
RX IF Out
V CO Transmit Synthesizer
The transmit synthesizer generates a tunable
Ou tp ut 4.75 GHz to 5.25 GHz LO used by the second trans-
M ix er
1. 1G H z ×4 mit mixer to produce the final transmit output fre-
Ph a se quency. Referring to Figures 4-7 and 4-8, the 1.1
Det ec to r GHz offset loop signal is applied to a x 4 multiplier
÷M
and mixed with a 5 GHz VCO. The resulting 300
MHz to 800 MHz output is fed into a programmable
10 M H z ÷N
Lo o p F i lt e r divider and fed to a phase detector that compares it
to the 10 MHz reference clock. Phase detector out-
put voltage is filtered and drives a 2.3 GHz to 2.7
GHz VCO, which is frequency doubled and fed into
Figure 4-7. Phase-Locked Loop Frequency Synthesizer the previously mentioned mixer, completing the loop.
Block diagram.
RX Synthesi zer
≈ 5 GHz
RX Gain Set
5GHz LO
Converte r Module
Figure 4-8. Converter Module, Transmit Portion.
Transmit Converter Signal Path Note: The 0 dBm unit “0W” transceiver has no
The Transmit converter takes the nominal 70 power amplifier. The up converter output is fed
MHz signal input from a 50W N-connector on the directly to the outside with a type-N connector.
transceiver (refer to Figure 4-8). (Note: an external
75W to 50W transformer is available from ANA- Construction
COM as an option). This signal passes through an The PA module is a highly linear amplifier built
LC filter and into the transmit variable gain amplifier. on soft-board Duroid™ PC board substrate material
This amplifier is gain-adjusted by a control voltage silver epoxied inside a 0.75-inch thick machined alu-
from the M & C unit, and has a gain variation of minum block. This assembly is bolted to the center of
26dB in 1dB steps. Another LC bandpass filter re- the transceiver heat sink for excellent thermal con-
moves any out-of-band noise and presents the signal ductivity. Power for each stage is provided via indi-
to the first transmit mixer. This mixer adds the 1.1 vidual feed-throughs drilled into the machined block
GHz offset loop frequency to the TX IF, producing a and has separate ferrite bead isolation for each con-
1170 MHz nominal output. This L-band output passes nection. Aluminum bars securely fasten the soft
through a mechanical filter into the second gain board into the cavity.
block. The signal amplitude is adjusted by a control
signal from the M & C unit and the amplified signal 5 Watt Module
flows through another mechanical filter.
The 5 watt module, shown in Figure 4-9, takes
The L-band output is now applied to the second its input from the transmit converter on the converter
transmit mixer, where it is combined with the 5 GHz module. This input handles up to +10 dBm and is
transmit synthesizer output and becomes a C-band connected to the converter board via coaxial cable
signal of the desired frequency. A mechanical using SMA connectors.
bandpass filter selects the proper mixer product and
Good RF grounding and thermal properties are
applies it to a three-stage amplifier. A final mechani-
assured by the use of Teflon® (Duroid™) PC board
cal filter is used before the transmit signal is applied
substrate material which is permanently attached to
to the SMA jack that couples it to the PA.
the cavity.
Transmit input is applied to a hybrid coupler
Power Amplifier which feeds a balanced two-transistor amplifier. A
ANASAT®-C series transceivers are available second hybrid coupler converts this balanced output
with maximum transmit output powers up to 200 to a single-ended input for the four-stage amplifier.
watts. Maximum final output power is a minimum of 5
Watts.
Thirteen different power amplifier (PA) mod-
ules are employed to economically achieve the dif- Output is applied to a SMA connector mounted
ferent output ratings. on the soft board. A coaxial cable connects to a 50W
N-connector mounted on the heat sink of the trans- DO NOT ATTEMPT TO RE-
ceiver. PAIR OR REMOVE THE P.A.
CIRCUIT BOARD! SEVERE
A directional coupler and power detector moni- ! DAMAGE WILL RESULT.
tors the output power level and reports to the M & C
unit. mounted under the heatsink and mates to the PA
module.
40 Watt Module
Power for each stage is individually filtered and
The 40 watt PA module, shown in Figure 4-10,
applied through ferrite beads via cutouts in the alumi-
takes its input from the transmit converter on the con-
num housing. Both gate bias and drain power for the
verter module. This input handles up to +10 dBm and
final three stages are fed with press-fit filtered termi-
is connected to the converter board via semi-rigid cable
nals for excellent sealing and isolation.
using SMA connectors.
Good RF grounding and thermal properties are 10W,20W,30W,50W,60W,70W,80W,100W,
assured by the use of Teflon® (Duroid™) PC board
substrate material which is permanently attached to
150W and 200W
the cavity. These modules are similar but offer the other
output powers indicated.
Transmit input is applied to a hybrid coupler
which feeds a balanced two transistor amplifier.
A second hybrid coupler converts this balanced out- Monitor and Control Unit
put to a single-ended input for the four stage ampli- The monitor and control unit (M & C), Figures
fier. 4-12 and 4-13, is a microprocessor-based controller
This drive power is fed into another hybrid cou- providing transceiver diagnostics, remote command,
pler and on into the balanced final amplifier. This bal- power distribution, active bias voltage for the PA,
anced output passes through another hybrid to com- and a highly accurate and stable reference fre-
bine the signal into a single-ended 40 watt output quency.
which is fed into a female SMA connector mounted
on the soft board. A coaxial cable connects to a 50Ω Microprocessor-Based Functions
N-connector mounted on the heat sink of the trans- The heart of the M & C unit is the 80C188 mi-
ceiver. A directional coupler and detector diode moni- croprocessor, operating at 16 MHz. It has 128K of
tors output power and reports to the M & C unit. SRAM and two 1MB FLASH electrically erasable
If the transceiver is configured with the optional programmable read-only memories for program and
CPR137 waveguide port, awaveguide launch is variable storage.
four, five, or six separate regulators (the number of When active, the transceiver’s synthesizers
regulators employed depends upon which transceiver lock to the external reference. If this option has
PA power level used) for isolation and power surge been activated, but an inadequate external reference
control reasons. Voltage and/or current is monitored signal is present, then the EXTREF alarm will be
for each supply. Additionally, a high accuracy, tem- raised: this is a MAJOR alarm. The transceiver is
perature compensated voltage reference is employed not going to switch back to the internal crystal refer-
for the DAC and ADC. ence when this option is active but an external
source is missing or inadequate. To return to con-
PA Active Bias Generation ventional operation using the internal reference
The GaAs FETs used in the PA require a nega- source, use the command:
tive gate voltage for operation. These very expensive EXTREF OFF
devices are easily destroyed with improper bias.
ANASAT®-C transceivers employ an active bias cir- The minimum signal level required for an exter-
cuit with feedback to automatically control the DC nal reference is +5 dBm.
power consumption of each PA stage.
Power Supply
Microwave Synthesizer Frequency
Reference ANASAT®-C transceivers use a wide input
voltage (100 to 240VAC, 50/60Hz) switching power
All transceiver operating frequencies are syn-
supply to develop the +13V used as the internal
thesized from one 10 MHz reference oscillator. This
power source. An internal circuit senses which input
clock is a high accuracy, high stability oven controlled
voltage range is being used and automatically
crystal oscillator (OCXO) module guaranteed within
switches modes. Figure 4-14 a & b in next page
± 1 x 10–8 Hz. The M & C unit periodically com-
shows how the power supply is mounted in the trans-
pensates for crystal aging automatically.
ceiver (sample 5W and 40W). The AC input is con-
If your transceiver has been ordered with the nected via a 4-pin circular connector.
EXTERNAL 10 MHz CRYSTAL REFERENCE
SWITCH option, then that option can be activated
using the EXTREF command.
Example:
EXTREF ON
Figure 4-14 a
The 13V Power supply is mounted inside the cover, Model 5Watt.
Figure 4-14 b
The 13V Power supply is mounted inside the cover, Model 40Watt.
Section 5. Maintenance
ANASAT®-C series transceivers are designed At the time of installation, it is recommended
for a minimum of maintenance. The on-board micro- that each of these points be recorded. If problems oc-
processor monitors all vital functions to ensure cur later, these initial recorded values can be of great
proper operation. Periodic scheduled maintenance is help troubleshooting the system. The following table
not required. may be used to record the operating parameters. Note
that several of these values are specific to the setup.
Aging of the ovenized reference oscillator is au-
For example, the RX SYNTH voltage will change if
tomatically microprocessor compensated, further re-
RX CHAN (the receive frequency) is changed.
ducing maintenance worries.
Various operational voltages may be monitored
via either serial port.
LIMITED WARRANTY
If this product should fail due to defects in materials or workmanship, AnaCom, Inc., will, at its sole
option, repair or replace it with new or rebuilt parts free of charge for a period of two (2) years
from the date of shipment from the AnaCom factory. This warranty covers only failures due to
defects in materials and workmanship that occurs during the period of the warranty. It does not
cover damage that occurs during shipment, failure caused by operation of the product outside the
published electrical or environmental specifications, or malfunctions caused by misuse of the
product. Expendable components are not covered under this warranty.
In order for the customer to exercise their rights to repairs under the warranty, the customer must
first contact AnaCom to obtain a repair authorization number (RMA). If it is necessary to return the
product for repair, the customer is responsible for paying the cost of shipping it to AnaCom.
AnaCom will pay the cost of shipping the product back to the customer when the repairs are
completed. All import duties, customs fees, taxes of any kind, or any related fees are the sole
responsibility of the customer.
Spare parts, repairs, or replacements are warranted to be free from defects in material or workman-
ship for ninety (90) days or the remainder of the limited warranty period, whichever is longer.
There are no express or implied warranties except as listed above. In no event shall AnaCom be
liable for special, incidental, or consequential damages arising from the use of this product, or arising
out of any breach of this warranty. All express and implied warranties, including the warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are limited to the applicable warranty period set
forth above. No employee or representative of AnaCom is authorized to modify this warranty or
AnaCom’s standard warranty for any product.
Non-warranty repair service is available from AnaCom for a nominal charge. Non-warranty repair
service can be obtained by contacting AnaCom and requesting a return authorization number (RMA),
as described above. The customer is responsible for paying the cost of the shipping to and from
AnaCom for any non-warranty repairs. Non-warranty repair service will be available for any
AnaCom product for a minimum of five years from the date of its first shipment from AnaCom’s
factory.
ALARMS
This command returns a list of raised alarms for the given transceiver. The possible
alarms are: WARMING, FANERR, OSLOCK, TXLOCK, RXLOCK, UCMUTE,
PATEMP, TXOUT, P12V, PA, N5V, OSLPLL, TXPLL, RXPLL, P5V,
LNCV, PROMERR and RXOUT.
If there are no alarms then “ALARMS CLEAR” is returned. Status of all individual
alarms is evaluated ten times a second.
Alarms are categorized as MAJOR and MINOR, major alarms cause the external red
LED on the transceiver to begin flashing. If there are no alarms, the status of the transceiver is
CLEAR.
MAJOR ALARMS
OSLOCK raised when the OFFSET PLL has lost lock
TXLOCK raised when the TX PLL has lost lock
RXLOCK raised when the RX PLL has lost lock
UCMUTE raised when the hardware mute circuit on the M & C board is active
(this includes external TX shutdown)
PATEMP when the heat sink temperature exceeds approx 85oC
PA raised when any active power amplifier voltage drops too low
N5V raised when the -5 volt supply drops too far
LNCV raised when the LNC supply voltage drops too far
RXOUT raised when the RX IF output power becomes too low
PROMERR raised if a write or erase operation in the PROM fails
MINOR
WARMING when the warm-up software function is active upon reset or power
cycling (power turn on)
FANERR raised when fan current becomes too low (if a fan is installed)
TXOUT raised when PA output is deemed by software to be too high
P12V the primary 13V supply drops below a specified level
P5V the 5V supply on the M & C board drops below a specified level
OSLOOP OS VCXO voltage exceeds a specified range –may still be locked
TXLOOP UC VCXO voltage exceeds a specified range –may still be locked
RXLOOP DC VCXO voltage exceeds a specified range –may still be locked
There are alarm conditions which can shutdown the PA stage: WARMING and
OSLOCK, TXLOCK, PATEMP, and N5V. When these alarms are active, the PA stage is shut-
down via the supply lines which feed it. This may cause the PA alarm to be raised as well. The
WARMUP alarm may be disabled with the WARMUP command.
There are two modes for alarm relay operation: Normal and Protection. In the NOR-
MAL mode, the relays operate as MAJOR and MINOR relays as described above. In PRO-
TECTION mode, the relays become redefined as TX and RX summary fault relays. The re-
lay normally called MAJOR becomes the TX relay and the relay normally called MINOR be-
comes the RX relay.
In normal operation, the MAJOR relay is energized so that a power fault causes the relay
to relax and thus provide an alarm contact closure. The MINOR relay is normally not ener-
gized (non-alarm state). During PROTECTION operation, both relays are normally energized
(no alarms). Therefore, the RX relay has reverse definition of its contacts (NO and NC) for
PROTECTION operation compared to its NORMAL operation.
BAUDRATE [300 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 57600]
This command sets the baudrate of the serial channel the user is presently connected to.
Both serial ports have been programmed for 8 bits, no parity and 1 stop bit. These parameters
are not user changeable.
CLEAR_PASSWORD PASSWORD
This command will clear an existing password. Note that the password must be given in
order for it to be cleared.
CLS
In terminal mode, 25 line feeds are sent to the terminal, effectively clearing the screen. In
VT52 and VT100 modes, CLS refreshes the display.
CRLF [ON | OFF]
This command is only relevant to dumb-terminal mode. It sets (or returns) carriage-re-
turn/line-feed status. “CRLF ON” will command the M & C computer to insert a line-feed in
display output following a carriage return. This can be necessary to make some terminal dis-
plays operate properly. In other cases this would be redundant.
DTE
DTE0 [COMMAND]
DTE1 [COMMAND]
These commands return a string of data regarding the specified serial port. If no port is
specified then the present serial port is used.
Using DTE0 and DTE1 it is possible to change some of the serial port parameters for the
serial port other than the one the operator is presently connected to. This could be especially
useful for baud rate. Example of operator input from a terminal attached to serial port 0:
dte1 baudrate 19200
The valid commands which can be used in this fashion for the opposing serial port are
BAUDRATE, TERMTYPE, ECHO, CRLF, MODEM_MODE, PC_MODE, and
TERMINAL_MODE.
See the explanations for those commands elsewhere in this appendix.
INFO
Returns information about software and hardware revision numbers.
LABEL [TEXT]
This command erases or [sets] an alphanumeric string up to 32 characters long that the
user can use to “title” or describe the purpose of the given ODU.
LOCK PASSWORD
With this command most M & C functions will be locked and further user access will be
denied until the UNLOCK command is given. Those commands which remain user accessible
are: UNLOCK, CLS, ALARMS, and LIST.
If a password has been established with the SET_PASSWORD command then that pass-
word must be used with the LOCK command. If there is no established password (if
CLEAR_PASSWORD has been used, for instance), then M & C functions will be locked; but
they can be unlocked without a password. There are two solutions to the problem of having a
locked unit and/or a forgotten password:
1. The unit can be reset using the internal DIP switches. See Appendix D.
2. If the unit is attached to a modem, and presently accessible remotely,
telephone ANACOM.
MODE
This command returns either MODEM_MODE or PC_MODE. Example: MODE might re-
turn MODE MODEM_MODE when the user is connected to the unit via a phone line and a
Hayes compatible modem.
MODEM_MODE
This command is used to tell the M & C computer that a Hayes compatible modem is
attached to the serial port. The way this would be used is a user would enter this command
from a PC using a null modem cable, then disconnect the PC and attach a modem directly to
the port via a modem cable. RX, TX, DCD and signal GND lines must be properly con-
nected.
Once MODEM_MODE is activated, the M&C computer will no longer display dumb ter-
minal display updates or generate packets in packet mode until the DATA-CARRIER_DETECT
line becomes active, indicating the modem is off-hook and connected to another modem.
MODEM_STRING [TEXT]
When the M & C computer is in modem mode it will periodically send a Hayes compat-
ible initialization string of up to 40 characters to the modem to make sure it is properly config-
ured. The user can get [set] this string via this command. The default string as part of factory
settings is:
MODEM_STRING AT S0=1 &C1 &S0 \Q0 E0
MSG TEXT
This command allows an operator connected to one serial port to send an ASCII message
to someone connected to the other port. A message received will appear on the other operator’s
screen prefixed with the prompt MESSAGE>.
OFFSET [TXGAIN | RXGAIN] [number]
This command gets [sets] a floating point offset for TX or RX calibration tables. The
valid arguments are: TXGAIN, RXGAIN.
The default values for these offsets is 0. Example usage:
OFFSET TXGAIN 2
The result of this is that the output would be 2 dB greater than what would otherwise be
transmitted. In other words, the TX gain range would be shifted down by two decibels. If a
TXGAIN of 72 dB were requested, the calibration data interpolation would be done internally
with the value of 74 dB. If the user measures the TX gain with a power meter and finds that
gain is high by 1.5 dB, then he might enter:
OFFSET TXGAIN –1.5
PC_MODE
This is the converse of MODEM_MODE. At any time, the user may type PC_MODE and
the M & C computer will again behave as if a PC or network is directly attached to the serial
port rather than a modem.
PORT_TO_PORT [ON|OFF]
This command sets (gets) the status of the port_to_port function. When active on, then
function re-transmits all serial port data from COM0 to COM1 and also from COM1 to
COM0 regardless of data content. If the M & C interprets data as a legitimate command then
the command is acted on. Otherwise the data is ignored by the M & C. When ON, the M & C
does not issue ??????? when data is received which does not conform to a proper command.
WARNING: When this function is ON, the M & C will not automatically change
baudrate to 1200 when the external data is changed to 1200.
REFRESH
This command refreshes the RF hardware to presently chosen receive and transmit chan-
nels and gain settings.
RESET
This command resets the M & C computer. Power-on time will reset to zero. Warning:
RESET will shut down the transceiver momentarily.
RXCHAN [number | INC | DEC]
This command gets [sets] the receive channel number. See Appendix E for channel fre-
quency information. NOTE: Channel 0 is not a valid selection.
RXGAIN [number]
This command gets [sets] receiver gain. The acceptable range is a two or three digit inte-
ger between 85 and 100 (dB).
SAVE
This command saves present M & C operating parameters to a FLASH EEPROM.
SET_PASSWORD PASSWORD PASSWORD
The M & C computer supports password control of M & C functions. One potential use
of this feature would be for leaving an ODU connected to a modem on an open telephone line.
A valid password must be an alphanumeric string with no imbedded blanks, and between four
and eight characters long inclusive. It must be given twice to ensure accuracy.
An existing password must first be cleared before setting a new password. This is done
with the CLEAR_PASSWORD command.
TERMTYPE [TTY | VT52 | VT100] (OLD UNITS,OBSOLETE)
This command is only relevant to dumb-terminal mode. It sets (or returns) the terminal
emulation mode.
TTY Terminal Mode: this is a basic 80 character by 25 line ASCII “dumb” terminal
mode.
VT52 Mode: This is a standard terminal emulation, more intelligent than TTY.
VT100 Mode: This in an enhanced communications terminal emulator with a fixed dis-
play window.
There are some control characters that will be filtered by the terminal driver when the M
& C computer is in terminal mode. These control characters will be ignored in packet mode.
CTRL-E: This will erase the screen, similar to the CLS command.
CTRL-R: This repeats execution of the last Carriage return terminated command.
CTRL-Q: refer to the description of CTRL-S.
CTRL-S: Periodic screen updates will be squelched until the user has
finished entering present command or hits CTRL-Q.
CTRL-BS: (Backspace) The present input command will be erased
TX [ON | OFF]
TXREQ [ON | OFF]
TXREQUEST [ON | OFF]
This command requests activation of the transmitter. This is done by enabling the PA
supply voltages. TXREQ ON will indicate the operator’s desire to begin transmission. With no
argument TXREQ simply return its present state as ON or OFF. Note that the unit will be
shipped with TXREQ set to OFF.
Exactly when are we “ON AIR?” The answer is when TXREQ is ON, the hardware
alarm TXMUTE is clear, and the transmitter is not software inhibited to allow the crystal refer-
ence oscillator time to warm-up at power-on. See the WARMUP command for details.
TXCHAN [number]
This command gets [sets] the transmit channel number. The acceptable range depends
upon model type. See Appendix E for channel frequency information. Channel 0 is not a valid
selection.
TXFREQ [number]
This command gets [sets] the transmit channel number. The acceptable range depends
upon model type. The [number] is the actual transmit frequency output with TXIF at 70 MHz
[or 140 MHz].
TXGAIN [number | INC | DEC]
This command gets [sets] or returns the transmit power amplifier gain. The acceptable
range of the number is dependent upon model.
nn ranges from: 10 to 36 dB for the ANASAT 0C
44 to 70 dB for the ANASAT 2C
48 to 74 dB for the ANASAT 5C
51 to 77 dB for the ANASAT 10C
54 to 80 dB for the ANASAT 20C
57 to 83 dB for the ANASAT 30C, 40C
58 to 84 dB for the ANASAT 50C, 60C
60 to 86 dB for the ANASAT 70C, 80C
61 to 87 dB for the ANASAT 100C
63 to 89 dB for the ANASAT 150C
64 to 90 dB for the ANASAT 200C
UNLOCK PASSWORD
This command will unlock M & C functions for user access.
UTIMER [NUMBER]
This command is only relevant to dumb-terminal mode. It sets (or returns) the number of
seconds between automatic display updates. Note that changing baud rate will automatically
revert to a default appropriate for that particular baudrate.
WARMUP [ON | OFF | CANCEL]
Upon transceiver power-up, a 5 minute period will pass to allow the reference oscillator
crystal oven sufficient warm up time. The unit is shipped with this flag set OFF, but can be
changed by the user. Because there is no way for the M & C computer to know how long it has
been off the air, a reset or momentary loss of power will cause a warm-up countdown to occur
when the feature is in use. WARMUP CANCEL will terminate a warm-up countdown and im-
mediately enable the transmitter.
MAJOR ALARMS
OSLOCK the OS PLL is not locked
TXLOCK the TX PLL is not locked
RXLOCK the RX PLL is not locked
PATEMP the PA heat sink temperature becomes excessive
PA one of the PA voltages is too low or too high
N5V the –5 volt supply is out of tolerance
LNCV the LNC supply voltage is too low
PROMERR the M & C PROM checksum fails
RXOUT the RX output noise floor becomes too low
- external power loss
MINOR
WARMING the warm-up software function is enabled upon reset or power-up
FANERR fan fails (if a fan is installed)
TXMUTE when the TX is disabled (internally by alarms or externally)
P12V the primary +13V supply is too low
P5V the +5V supply on the M&C board is too low
OSLPLL OS VCO voltage is out of range — can still be locked
TXPLL UC VCO voltage is out of range — can still be locked
RXPLL DC VCO voltage is out of range — can still be locked
For situations when the ALARM_MODE is set to PROTECTION, the alarm relays are re-defined as
TX and RX alarm relays instead of MAJOR and MINOR. The M & C software still considers the
alarms as either major or minor and will communicate alarms via the serial ports and the front panel
red LED as major or minor.
In PROTECTION mode, the alarm relays will engage based on the following alarm list:
TX
OSLOCK the OS PLL fails to lock
TXLOCK the TX PLL fails to lock
PATEMP the PA temperature is too high
N5V the –5V supply is out of tolerance
PA one of the PA supply voltages is out of tolerance
- external power loss
RX
LNCV LNC voltage too low
OSLOCK OS PLL is not locked
RXLOCK RX PLL is not locked
RXOUT RX output noise floor is too low (low gain)
- external power loss
5 1
1 6 6
5 2
4
2 4
3 3
1 11 10 11
2 12 12 1
10
3 13 18 17 9 17 18 13 2
9 16
14 16 8 14 3
4 15 15
8
5 7 4
6 7 6 5
RS485/RS232 Selection
(COM1, 18-Pin Connector Only)
Pin 12 of the 18-pin Weathertight circular connector is the RS485/RS232 mode select pumper
pin. Connect Pin 12 to Ground (Pin 18) for RS485 operation. Leave open for RS232 operation. This
has no effect on the other serial port.
Note: Only the first 6 pins of this 18 pin connector are shown. All other pins are
as shown on the previous page.
7 5 GROUND 6 18
3 2 RX DATA TX DATA 5 17
2 3 TX DATA RX DATA 4 16
6 6 DSR 3 --
8 1 DCD 2 15
20 4 DTR 1 14
Note: Select either the 9 or 25 pin female “D” connector to match your particular data terminal.
Some terminals may not need the DTR, DSR, or DCD connections.
AnaCom provides a 10 ft. long M&C cable with each unit with DB-9 & 6 pin
circular connectors.
Protection Switch
LNC