TABLE OF CONTENTS

• PROBLEM STATEMENT

• COMPONENTS USED

• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

• WINDING THE SECONDARY COIL

• WORKING OF TESLA COIL

• PRECAUTIONS

• APPLICATIONS

• ADVANTAGES

• CONCLUSION

• PHOTOS

• BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. PROBLEM STATEMENT:
This project involves the design and construction of a compact, yet functional,
mini Tesla coil that utilizes a tube as a key component in its design. The aim is
to demonstrate the principles of wireless power transmission and high-voltage
generation in a simplified, safe, and efficient manner. By employing a tube in the
construction, the coil can achieve a more stable arc discharge, contributing to the
system’s overall performance. The implementation of this mini Tesla coil serves
as an educational tool for understanding electromagnetic fields, resonance, and
electrical circuits, while also showcasing the potential applications of Tesla coil
technology in fields such as wireless communication, power systems, and even
entertainment displays. This project also explores the integration of modern
components and materials to enhance the functionality and safety of the device,
making it both a practical and visually impressive demonstration of Tesla's ground
breaking discoveries.

2. COMPONENTS USED:

2.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Enamelled copper wire
22K Resistor
2N2222 Transistor, LED
Ordinary breadboard wire
Any nonconductive cylindrical object
9V Battery (or 5V Supply)
Breadboard
3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
The circuit diagram of Mini Tesla Coil Project given below is very simple. So
let us understand how it works and learn how to build it. The main component
in this circuit is the secondary coil (golden colour), which is made by winding
a magnetic wire (enamelled) around a cylindrical object (any nonconductive
object will work).
A high current high frequency transistor like 2N2222 is used to supply
current through the primary coil (violet colour). The whole set up is powered
by a 9V battery as shown above. The positive end of the battery reaches the
collector of Transistor through the primary coil, and the emitter is grounded.
This means that whenever the transistor conducts, current is flown through
the primary coil. The LED diode and one end of the secondary coil is also
connected to base of transistor to make the circuit oscillate, this way the
transistor will send a oscillating current into primary coil.

So, with this arrangement we have a primary coil which will have an oscillating
current, and hence will produce a carrying magnetic flux around it. Now, this
coil is wound around the secondary coil and hence a according to law of
electromagnetic induction a voltage will be induced in the secondary coil.
Since the number of turns in the secondary coil is very large than primary coil,
this voltage will be a very high voltage and hence this coil will have a very
strong electric flux around it that is powerful enough to glow normal CFL
bulbs and is used in Wireless Power Transmission.
4. WINDING THE SECONDARY COIL:
One very important step in this project is winding the secondary coil. It is a
time consuming process and hence do not rush yourself in this part. First of
all, you will need a magnetic coil, which is also called as enamelled coil wire.
These wires can be found inside relays coils, transformers and even motors.
You can either reuse one or buy yourself a new one. The thinner the wire is
the better the results will be.

Once you are ready with the magnetic wire, you will need a cylindrical
object. The only rule while selecting this object is that it should not be
conductive, you can select PVC pipes, cardboard roll or even stack 4-5 A4
sheets together and roll them up. The diameter of the cylinder can be
anywhere between 5cm to 10cm, and the length should be at least 10cm.
The longer the object is more number of turns it can fit in.

After getting your coil and cylindrical object, it is time to start the winding
process, just wind few tum and use a tape to secure the winding initially and
then proceed with the complete winding. Make sure you follow the below
tips while winding

1. Wind the coils as close as possible

2. Do not overlap one coil turn over another
3. Try to get a minimum of 150 turns, a value of 300 turns will be typically good.

5. WORKING OF TESLA COIL:

Before we start building the Tesla coil, it is very important to know how it
works. Only then we will be able to build and debug one successfully. The
Tesla coil works with the principle of Electromagnetic Induction. According to
which, when a conductor is placed under a varying magnetic field, a small
current will be induced inside the conductor. For a Tesla coil this conductor
will be called as the secondary coil and the varying magnetic field will be
produced by the primary coil by passing an oscillating current through the
primary coil.
6. PRECAUTIONS:

• Do not use a normal transistor in place of 2N2222, unless you know to

select an exact equivalent for this transistor.

• The resistor 22K need not be exactly the same it can be anywhere from
12K to 30K.
• Make sure the 9V battery that you are using is brand new, because the
cheap batteries will not last more than 5 minutes with this circuit, if you
have an Arduino or something which can source you +5V you can also use
that.
• It is completely fine for your coil to have any number of turns, but it should
have a minimum of at least 150 turns, you dint have to be very accurate
with the count.

• The circuit
can work from 5V to IOV. However don't push more than
500mA through it
• The LED has a different purpose other than glowing, it is actually used to
switch the transistor so do not ignore it, a RED colour LED will work fine.
• Your LED might or might not glow when the Circuit is powered, you do not
have to be worried about it.

• You might or might not get a spark (arc) at the free end of Secondary coil,
you do not have to worry about that either.
• Always check if the circuit is working only by using a normal CFI. bulb.
• Adding a metal load (foil paper) on top of secondary coil is optional, but it
sure will improve the results but not mandatory to get a basic working
output.

• There is a very little chance for you to hear any hissing sound, so don't
expect it.
7. APPLICATION:
1. Educational Tool: The mini Tesla coil serves as an excellent tool for
demonstrating electromagnetic principles, high-frequency alternating
currents, and wireless energy transfer in classrooms and workshops.

2. Wireless Power Transfer: It showcases the concept of wireless power

transmission, which is the basis for modern technologies like wireless
charging of devices.

3. Spark Gap Experiments: The high-voltage discharges can be used for

studying spark gaps and electrical conductivity through air.

4. Lighting Applications: It can wirelessly light up fluorescent tubes,

neon bulbs, and LEDs, demonstrating the concept of induced currents.

5. Science Exhibitions: The coil is often used in science fairs and demonstrations
to illustrate the advancements made by Nikola Tesla in the field of electrical
engineering.

6. Research: It aids in exploring high-frequency phenomena and applications in

electronics and physics research.
8. ADVANTAGE:
1. Educational Value: It provides a hands-on learning experience about
electromagnetic induction, resonance, and high-frequency currents.

2. Compact Design: Its small size makes it easy to build, transport,

and demonstrate in various settings like classrooms or science fairs.

3. Low Cost: Compared to large Tesla coils, mini Tesla coils are cost-effective to
construct and operate.

4. Wireless Power Demonstration: It effectively illustrates wireless energy

transfer, which is a core concept in modern technologies like wireless charging.

5. Engaging Visuals: The visible electric arcs and lighting of bulbs make it an
engaging and exciting project for viewers.

5. Safe Experimentation: When built and operated with precautions, it is a

safer way to explore high-voltage applications compared to larger Tesla coils.

6. Foundation for Advanced Projects: It provides a solid foundation for

understanding and developing larger, more complex Tesla coil systems.
9. CONCLUSION:
The mini Tesla coil project successfully demonstrated the principles of
electromagnetic induction and high-frequency alternating current.
By constructing and testing the coil, we explored the transfer of wireless
energy and the production of high-voltage discharges. This project provided
practical insights into Nikola Tesla’s pioneering work and its applications in
modern technologies, such as wireless communication and power transfer.

The experiment highlighted the importance of precise calculations and safety

precautions when dealing with high-voltage devices. Although the output was
limited due to the compact size of the coil, the project proved to be an effective
educational tool, combining theoretical knowledge with hands-on experience.
Overall, the mini Tesla coil project showcased the potential of electromagnetism
in an engaging and practical manner.

10.PHOTOS
 BIBLIOGHAPHY
• NCERT PHYSICS TEXT BOOK OF CLASS PARTI

• https://www.youtube.com

• SCHOOL LIBRARY

• Wikipedia.com