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EARLY-FILIPINO-REVOLTS

Early Filipino revolts during Spanish colonization were driven by resistance to religious imposition, forced labor, and land usurpation. Notable revolts included the Tamblot and Bancao revolts against Catholicism, the Sumuroy and Maniago revolts against forced labor, and agrarian uprisings due to land seizures by religious orders. These uprisings highlighted the Filipinos' struggle against colonial oppression and laid the groundwork for future independence movements.

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9 views3 pages

EARLY-FILIPINO-REVOLTS

Early Filipino revolts during Spanish colonization were driven by resistance to religious imposition, forced labor, and land usurpation. Notable revolts included the Tamblot and Bancao revolts against Catholicism, the Sumuroy and Maniago revolts against forced labor, and agrarian uprisings due to land seizures by religious orders. These uprisings highlighted the Filipinos' struggle against colonial oppression and laid the groundwork for future independence movements.

Uploaded by

louiegomez99
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EARLY FILIPINO REVOLTS

The imposition of the Catholic faith, forced labor or polo, and the usurpation of land by the religious orders
triggered reactions from the Filipinos, which came in the form of revolts.

Overview of Early Filipino Revolts


These revolts occurred during the early part of Spanish colonization, particularly in the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries. They took place in various parts of the Philippines and were primarily caused by three
main factors:

 Religious imposition: The forced conversion of Filipinos to Catholicism.


 Forced labor (Polo y Servicio): Filipinos were required to work on Spanish projects, often under harsh conditions.
 Land usurpation: Religious orders took land from natives, depriving them of their livelihood.

This document covers multiple revolts from different regions and their significance in Philippine history.

Religious Resistance: Tamblot and Bancao Revolts


Tamblot Revolt (1621-1622)

Location: Bohol
Leader: Tamblot, a native babaylan (priest)
Cause: Rejection of Catholicism and return to native beliefs
Outcome: Suppressed by Spanish forces with help from Christianized natives

The revolt started when Tamblot led a rebellion against Spanish missionaries, urging natives to return to their
old beliefs. He promised prosperity through native rituals. The Spanish governor of Cebu responded with an
armed expedition that defeated the rebels.

Bancao Revolt (1621-1622)

Location: Leyte
Leader: Bancao, chief of Limasawa
Cause: Rejection of Catholicism and reversion to indigenous beliefs
Outcome: The Spanish crushed the revolt, executed Bancao, and burned their sacred structures

Despite previously welcoming Spaniards, Bancao later resisted Spanish rule and built a shrine for the native
divata. The Spaniards retaliated, executed him, and suppressed his followers.

Revolts Against Forced Labor: Sumuroy and Maniago Revolts


Sumuroy Revolt (1649-1650)

Location: Samar (Palapag)


Leader: Sumuroy
Cause: Resistance to forced labor (Polo y Servicio)
Outcome: Spread to other provinces but was eventually crushed; Sumuroy was betrayed and killed by his own
men

This revolt erupted when Governor Diego Fajardo ordered Visayans to send men to Cavite for shipbuilding.
Sumuroy killed a Spanish priest and led the rebellion. It spread to Zamboanga, Northern Mindanao, Cebu,
Masbate, Camiguin, Albay, and Camarines. The Spanish crushed the revolt after a prolonged campaign.

Maniago Revolt (1660)

Location: Pampanga
Leader: Francisco Maniago
Cause: Exploitation through Polo y Servicio and abuse of native workers
Outcome: The Spanish negotiated with Maniago but later suppressed the rebellion

Kapampangan workers, exhausted from forced labor, refused to work on Spanish projects. Maniago’s revolt
was well-organized, leading to a temporary halt in Spanish economic activities. However, Spanish authorities
used diplomacy and force to crush the revolt.

Agrarian Revolts: Agrarian Uprisings (1745-1746)


Agrarian Revolts (1745-1746)

Location: Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal


Cause: Religious orders seized communal lands, leaving natives landless
Outcome: Suppressed by Spanish forces, but led to later land reforms

The religious orders controlled large estates (haciendas), forcing Filipino tenants to pay high rents. When
natives resisted, Spanish authorities responded with violence. This event foreshadowed future peasant revolts,
including the Philippine Revolution.

Other Notable Revolts


Dagohoy Revolt (1744-1829)

Location: Bohol
Leader: Francisco Dagohoy
Cause: Denial of a proper Christian burial for his brother
Outcome: Longest revolt in Philippine history; lasted 85 years before being crushed

Dagohoy led an independent community in the mountains, resisting Spanish rule for decades. His movement
symbolized Filipino defiance against Spanish injustices.

Silang Revolt (1762-1763)

Location: Ilocos
Leaders: Diego and Gabriela Silang
Cause: Spanish abuses and British occupation of Manila
Outcome: Diego was assassinated; Gabriela continued the fight but was later captured and executed
The Silangs allied with the British against the Spanish. After Diego’s assassination, Gabriela took command but
was eventually captured and publicly executed.

Summary and Impact


Key Takeaways:

 Religious resistance: Filipinos opposed forced Christianization (Tamblot, Bancao revolts).


 Forced labor revolts: Sumuroy and Maniago resisted Polo y Servicio.
 Land disputes: Agrarian revolts showed Filipinos’ resistance to land grabbing by friars.
 Long-term impact: These revolts paved the way for future independence movements.

These revolts illustrate the Filipino people's early resistance against Spanish colonial oppression, setting the
stage for larger movements like the Philippine Revolution.

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