1

1 Two blocks, A and B, are joined by a thin thread that passes over a frictionless pulley. Block A is
at rest on a rough horizontal surface and block B is held at rest, just below the pulley.

The diagram shows the thread hanging loose.

pulley
block A thread

block B

rough horizontal surface

(not to scale)

Block B is released and it falls vertically. The thread remains loose until block B has fallen a distance
of 0.45 m.

The mass of block B is 0.50 kg.

Calculate the change in the gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) of block B as it falls through
0.45 m.

change in g.p.e. ...................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

2 A student suspends a spring from a clamp stand and measures the length l0 of the spring.

The diagram shows the apparatus.

l0

(not to scale)

The student then suspends loads of different weights from the spring and measures the length of
the spring for each load. He then plots a graph of the length of the spring against weight.

This is the graph that the student plots.

0.80

length / m

0.60

0.40

0.20

0
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
weight / N

(a) Using the graph, determine the initial length l0 of the spring.

l0 = ................................................. [1]
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(b) State what is meant by the limit of proportionality and, using the graph, determine the weight
of the load that causes this spring just to reach the limit of proportionality.

limit of proportionality ........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

weight = ............................................................................................................................ [2]

(c) Using the graph, determine the spring constant of this spring.

spring constant = ......................................... [3]

[Total: 6]
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3 Two blocks, A and B, are joined by a thin thread that passes over a frictionless pulley. Block A is
at rest on a rough horizontal surface and block B is held at rest, just below the pulley.

The diagram shows the thread hanging loose.

pulley
block A thread

block B

rough horizontal surface

(not to scale)

Block B is released and it falls vertically. The thread remains loose until block B has fallen a distance
of 0.45 m.

The mass of block B is 0.50 kg.

The mass of block A is 2.0 kg.

When the thread tightens, it pulls on block A which moves to the right at a speed of 0.60 m / s.

Calculate the impulse exerted on block A as it accelerates from rest to 0.60 m / s.

impulse = ......................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

4 A rock climber, of total mass 62 kg, holds herself in horizontal equilibrium against a vertical cliff.
She pulls on a rope that is fixed at the top of the cliff and presses her feet against the cliff.

The diagram shows her position.

rope

cliff

0.90 m

60°

rock climber
1.2 m
centre of mass
(not to scale)

(a) The climber’s centre of mass is 0.90 m from the cliff.

Calculate the moment about her feet due to her weight.

moment = ..................................................... [2]

(b) The line of the rope meets the horizontal line through her centre of mass at a distance of 1.2 m
from the cliff, as shown in the diagram. The rope is at an angle of 60° to the horizontal.

Determine the tension in the rope.

tension = ...................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

5 The diagram shows an electrically powered bicycle.

battery

electric motor

When fully charged, the battery can deliver a power of 600 W for 60 min.

(a) Calculate the energy, in joules, stored in the battery when fully charged.

energy = .............................................. J [3]

(b) The bicycle has a motor with an electrical input power of 250 W.

Calculate the time for which the battery can power the bicycle.

time = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 5]

6 The diagram shows an object of mass 2.0 kg on a bench. This object is connected by a cord, passing
over a pulley, to an object of mass 3.0 kg.
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card
cord
pulley 2.0 cm 2.0 kg object

F
bench

3.0 kg object

2
The 2.0 kg object is released from rest and accelerates at 4.0 m / s .

The 2.0 kg and 3.0 kg objects have a constant acceleration.

(a) Show that the speed of the objects 0.80 s after release is 3.2 m / s.

[2]

(b) A card, of width 2.0 cm, is fixed to the 2.0 kg object. As the 2.0 kg object moves to the left, the
card passes through a beam of light that is perpendicular to the card.

Using the speed given in (a), calculate the time taken for the card to pass through the beam
of light.

time = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 4]
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7 When a car is decelerating, there is a constant resistive force F on the car due to the brakes.

The deceleration of the car is greater than and is not constant.

Explain why the deceleration is not constant.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

8 The diagram shows water stored in a reservoir behind a hydroelectric dam.

reservoir

150 m
generator

turbine

(not to scale)

The turbine is 150 m below the level of the water in the reservoir.
5 3
Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 × 10 Pa. The density of water is 1000 kg / m .
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(a) Calculate the total pressure in the water at the turbine.

pressure = .............................................. [3]

Calculate the force exerted on the turbine by the water.

force = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 5]