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CHAPTER_ 01

INTRODUCTION ABOUT ORGANIZATION AND INDUSTRY PROFILE:

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY PROFILE:

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION:

Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction differs

from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar
items without a designated purchaser, while construction typically takes place on location for
a known client Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross
domestic product of developed countries Construction starts with planning, design, and
financing; and continues until the project is built and ready for use. Large-scale construction
requires collaboration across multiple disciplines. An architect normally manages the job, and
a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager supervises
it. Those involved with the design and execution must consider zoning requirements,
environmental impact of the job, scheduling, budgeting, construction-site safety, availability
and transportation of building materials, logistics, and inconvenience to the public caused by
construction delays and bidding. Large construction projects are sometimes referred to as
megaprojects. Etymology

Construction is a general term meaning the art and science to form objects, systems,
or organizations. And comes from Latin constructionism (from com- "together" and striker
"to pile up") and Old French construction. Construction is used as a verb: the act of building.
And a noun: how a building was built, the nature of its structure.

Types of construction in general, there are three sectors of construction: buildings,

infrastructure and industrial. Building construction is usually further divided into residential
and non-residential (commercial/institutional). Infrastructure is often called heavy civil or
heavy engineering that includes large public works, dams, bridges, highways, railways, water
or wastewater and utility distribution. Industrial construction includes refineries, process
chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants. There are also other ways to
break the industry into sectors or markets.
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Construction Industry sectors

Engineering News-Record (ENR), a trade magazine for the construction industry, each year
compiles and reports data about the size of design and construction companies. In 2014, ENR
compiled the data in nine market segments divided as transportation, petroleum, buildings,
power, industrial, and water, manufacturing, sewer/waste, telecom, hazardous waste and a
tenth category for other projects. In their reporting, they used data on transportation, sewer.
Hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors.

The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification.
System has a classification system for companies that perform or engage in construction. To
recognize the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors:
building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade
contractors. There are also categories for construction service firms (e.g., engineering.
architecture) and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects
without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project)
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Construction processes

In the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs
into reality. A formal design team may be assembled to plan the physical proceedings, and to
integrate those proceedings with the other parts. The design usually consists of drawings and
specifications, usually prepared by a design team including Architect, civil engineers,
mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, structural engineers, fire protection engineers,
planning consultants, architectural consultants, and archaeological consultants. The design
team is most commonly employed by (i.e. in contract with) the property owner. Under this
system, once the design is completed by the design team, a number of construction
companies or construction management companies may then be asked to make a bid for the
work, either based directly on the design, or on the basis of drawings and a bill of quantities
provided by a quantity surveyor. Following evaluation of hides, the owner typically awards a
contract to the most cost efficient bidder.

The best modern trend in design is toward integration of previously separated

specialties, especially among large firms. In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers,
developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be entirely
separate companies, even in the larger firms, presently, a firm that is nominally “architecture"
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or "construction management" firm may have experts from all related fields as employees, or
to have an associated company that provides each necessary skill. Thus, each such firm may
offer itself as "one-stop shopping" for a construction project, from beginning to end. This is.
Designated as a "design build" contract where the contractor is given a performance
specification and must undertake the project from design to construction, while adhering to
the performance specifications.

Several project structures can assist the owner in this integration, including design-build,
partnering and construction management. In general, each of these project structures allows
the owner to integrate the services of architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors
throughout design and construction. In response, many companies are growing beyond
traditional offerings of design or construction services alone and are placing more emphasis
on establishing relationships with other necessary participants through the design-build
process.

The increasing complexity of construction projects creates the need for design
professionals trained in all phases of the project's life-cycle and develop an appreciation of
the building as an advanced technological system requiring close integration of many sub-
systems and their individual components, including sustainability. Building engineering is an
emerging discipline that attempts to meet this new challenge

MATERIAL USED IN SLAB

SAND

CONCRETE

CEMENT

WATER

RATIO USED IN SLAB

A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings. Horizontal slabs

of steel reinforced concrete, typically between 4 and 20 inches (100 and 500 millimeters)
thick. Are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner slabs are also used
for? Exterior paving. Sometimes these thinner slabs, ranging from 2 inches (51 mm) to 6
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inches (150 mm) thick, are called mud slabs, particularly when used under the main floor
slabs or in crawl spaces.

In many domestic and industrial buildings a thick concrete slab, supported on

foundations or directly on the subsoil, is used to construct the ground floor of a building.
These can either be "ground-bearing" or "suspended" slabs. For Double-story or Multi-Story
buildings, the uses of a few common types of concrete suspended slabs are used. (For more
types refer to the section titled "Design" below. A. Beam and block or also referred to as Rib
and Block slabs. These are made up of restressed lintels or beams and hollow blocks and are
temporarily propped until set after 21 days. Mostly used in residential and industrial
applications B. A Hollow core slab which are precast and installed on site with a crane. C. In
high rise buildings and skyscrapers, thinner, pre-cast concrete slabs are slung between the
steel frames to form the floors and ceilings on each level. Cast in-Situ slabs which used in
high rise buildings and huge shopping complexes as well as houses. These in-situ slabs are
cast on site using shutters and reinforced steel.

On the technical drawings, reinforced concrete slabs are often abbreviated to

"r.c.c.slab" or simply "r.c." Technical drawings are often created by structural Engineers who
use software such as AutoCAD or Revit structure. Walls and missionary

Types of retaining wall

1. Gravity retaining walls

2. Sheet pile retaining walls

3. Cantilevered retaining walls

4. Anchored retaining wall

1. Gravity retaining walls-: Gravity walls depend on their mass (stone, concrete or
other heavy material) to resist pressure from behind and may have a 'batter' setback to
improve stability by leaning back toward the retained soil. For short landscaping
walls, they are often made from mortar less stone or segmental concrete units
(masonry units).Dry-stacked gravity walls are somewhat flexible and do not require a
rigid footing in frost areas.
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Earlier in the 20th century, taller retaining walls were often gravity walls made
from large masses of concrete or stone. Today, taller retaining walls are increasingly
built as composite gravity walls such as: geosynthetics such as geocell cellular
confinement earth retention or with. Precast facing; gabions (stacked steel wire
baskets filled with rocks); crib walls (cells built up log cabin style from precast
concrete or timber and filled with granular material); or soil- nailed walls (soil
reinforced in place with steel and concrete rods).

2. Sheet pile retaining walls-: Sheet pile retaining walls Sheet pile retaining walls are
usually used in soft soils and tight spaces. Sheet pile walls are made out of steel, vinyl
or wood planks which are driven into the ground. For a quick estimate the material is
usually driven 1/3 above ground, 2/3 below ground, but this may be altered depending
on the environment. Taller sheet pile walls will need a tie-back anchor, or "dead-man"
placed in the soil a distance behind the face of the wall, that is tied to the wall, usually
by a cable or a rod. Anchors are then placed behind the potential failure plane in the
soil.

3. Cantilevered retaining walls-: are made from an internal stem of steel-reinforced,

cast-in- place concrete or mortared masonry (often in the shape of an inverted T).
These walls cantilever loads (like a beam) to a large, structural footing, converting
horizontal pressures from behind the wall to vertical pressures on the ground below.
Sometimes cantilevered walls are buttressed on the front, or include a counterfort on
the back, to improve their strength resisting high loads.
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4. Anchored retaining wall-: An anchored retaining wall can be constructed in any of

the aforementioned styles but also includes additional strength using cables or other
stays anchored in the rock or soil behind it. Usually driven into the material with
boring, anchors are then expanded at the end of the cable, either by mechanical means
or often by injecting pressurized concrete, which expands to form a bulb in the soil.
Technically complex, this method is very useful where high loads are expected, or
where the wall itself has to be slender and would otherwise be too weak.

Foundation
A foundation (or, more commonly, foundations) the element of an architectural structure
which connects it to the ground and transfers loads from the structure to the ground.
Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep. Foundation engineering is the
application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics (Geotechnical engineering) in the design of
foundation elements

Historic foundation types

The simplest foundation, a pad stone. Latvian Ethnographic Open Air Museum. Earth fast or
post in ground construction Buildings and structures have a long history of being built with.
Wood in contact with the ground. Post in ground construction may technically have no
foundation. Timber pilings were used on soft or wet ground even below stone or masonry
walls. In marine construction and bridge building a crisscross of timbers or steel beams in
concrete is called grillage.

Pad stones-Perhaps the simplest foundation is the pad stone, a single stone which both
spreads the weight on the ground and raises the timber off the ground. Staddle stones are a
specific type of pad stone.

Stone foundations-: Dry stone and stones laid in mortar to build foundations are common in
many parts of the world. Dry laid stone foundations may have been painted with mortar after
construction. Sometimes the top, visible course of stone is hewn, quarried stones. Besides.
Using mortar, stones can also be put in a gabion. One disadvantage though of using a gabion
is that if using regular steel rebars, the gabion would last much less long than when using
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mortar (due to rusting). Using weathering steel rebars could reduce this disadvantage
somewhat.

Rubble trench foundations: Rubble trench foundations are a shallow trench filled with
rubble or stones. These foundations extend below the frost line and may have a drain pipe
which helps groundwater drain away. They are suitable for soils with a capacity of more than
10 tones/m² (2,000 pounds per sq.) structures

MODERN FOUNDATION

1. Shallow foundations

2. Deep foundations

3. Monopile foundation

1. Shallow foundations-: Shallow foundations, often called footings, are usually

embedded about a meter or so into soil. One common type is the spread footing which
consists of strips or pads of concrete (or other materials) which extend below the frost line
and transfer the weight from walls and columns to the soil or bedrock. Another common type
of shallow foundation is the slab-on-grade foundation where the weight of the building is
transferred to the soil through a concrete slab placed at the surface. Slab-on-grade
foundations can be reinforced mat slabs, which range from 25 cm to several meters thick,
depending on the size of the building, or post-tensioned slabs, which are typically at least 20
cm for houses, and thicker for heavier structures.

2. Deep foundations-: A deep foundation is used to transfer the load of a structure

down. Through the upper weak layer of topsoil to the stronger layer of subsoil below. There
are different types of deep footings including impact driven piles, drilled shafts, caissons,
helical piles, geo-piers and earth stabilized columns. The naming conventions for different
types of footings vary between different engineers. Historically, piles were wood, later steel,
reinforced concrete, and pre-tensioned concrete.
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Deep foundations are required to carry loads from a structure through weak compressible
soils or fills on to stronger and less compressible soils or rocks at depth, or for functional
reasons. These foundations are those founding too deeply below the finished ground surface.
For their base bearing capacity to be affected by surface conditions, this is usually at depths
>3 m below finished ground level. Deep foundations can be used to transfer the loading to
deeper, more competent strata at depth if unsuitable soils are present near the surface.

The types of deep foundations in general use are as follows:

1) Basements

2) Buoyancy rafts (hollow box foundations)

3) Calssons

4) Cylinders

5) Shaft foundations.

6) Pile

1. Basement foundations: - These are hollow substructures designed to provide working or

storage space below ground level. The structural design is governed by their functional
requirements rather than from considerations of the most efficient method of resisting
external earth and hydrostatic pressures. They are constructed in place in open excavations.

2. Buoyancy rafts (hollow box foundations):- Buoyancy rafts are hollow substructures
designed to provide a buoyant or semi-buoyant substructure beneath which the net loading on
the soil is reduced to the desired low intensity. Buoyancy rafts can be designed to be sunk as
caissons; they can also be constructed in place in open excavations.

3. Caissons foundations: - Caissons are hollow substructures designed to be constructed on

or near the surface and then sunk as a single unit to their required level.

4. Cylinders: - Cylinders are small single-cell caissons.

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5. Shaft foundations: - Shaft foundations are constructed within deep excavations supported
by lining constructed in place and subsequently filled with concrete or other pre-fabricated
load-bearing units.

6. Pile foundations:-Pile foundations are relatively long and slender members constructed by
driving preformed units to the desired founding level, or by driving or drilling-in tubes to the
required depth the tubes being filled with concrete before or during withdrawal or by drilling
unlined or wholly or partly lined boreholes which are then filled with concrete.

3. Monopile foundation-: A monopole foundation is a type of deep foundation which

uses a single, generally large-diameter, structural element embedded into the earth to support
all the loads (weight, wind, etc.) of a large above-surface structure. A large number of
monopile foundations have been utilized in recent years for economically constructing fixed-
bottom offshore wind farms in shallow-water subsea locations. For example, a single wind
farm off the coast of England went online in 2008 with over 100 turbines, each mounted on a
4.7- meter-diameter monopile footing in ocean depths up to 18 meters of water.

A monopile foundation is a type of deep foundation which uses a single, generally large-
diameter, structural element embedded into the earth to support all the loads (weight, wind,
etc.) of a large above-surface structure. A large number of monopile foundations have been
utilized in recent years for economically constructing fixed-bottom offshore wind farms in
shallow-water subsea locations. For example, a single wind farm off the coast of England
went online in 2008 with over 100 turbines, each mounted on a 4.7- meter-diameter monopile
footing in ocean depths up to 18 metres of water
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What are the Different Types of Construction?

If you’ve ever spent a night in the city and woken up to the sounds of screeching metal, then
you’ve encountered construction. To those outside the industry, the process blurs together an
intimidating collection of machines and parts. But those working within it know the industry
remains highly organized, broken down into specific types of construction and processes.

Construction refers to the process of building, assembling, or creating something, typically a

physical structure or infrastructure. It involves the use of materials, tools, and skilled labour
to transform an idea or plan into a tangible product. Construction is a crucial aspect of
modern society as it shapes our built environment, providing us with the infrastructure we
need to live, work, and thrive.

From homes and office buildings to roads and bridges, construction is an essential part of our
daily lives. It plays a vital role in driving economic growth, creating jobs, and improving the
quality of life for people worldwide. Without construction, we wouldn’t have the schools,
hospitals, airports, and other essential structures that we rely on every day.

In this blog, we’ll explore the different types of construction, ranging from residential and
commercial buildings to heavy civil engineering and industrial construction. By
understanding the different types of construction, we can appreciate the vast array of skills,
knowledge, and expertise required to bring our built environment to life.

The 5 Types of Building Construction

There are lots of different ways to classify construction projects and categorize buildings.
Construction projects and buildings can be classified according to the owners, materials used,
or types of structures. But there’s another way to divvy things up, and it is based on the
required level of fire resistance in a building.
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This list is called the 5 Types of Building Construction, with the first following the most
stringent fire resistance requirements and the fifth following the least.

Type I Construction: Fire Resistive

This category applies to any building that stands over 75 feet tall. This applies to all high-rise
housing and commercial space. That includes apartment buildings, offices, and hotels.

These buildings are designed to withstand high temperatures for a long time without
collapsing. Beyond that, all structural materials are non-combustible. Walls, floors, and roofs
are constructed with reinforced concrete and protected steel. While these features make these
buildings extremely durable, it also increases construction costs.

Some Type 1 buildings have HVAC systems and self-pressurizing stairwells to prevent fires
from spreading. These building elements make it easier for firefighters to access and
extinguish fires. When entering a Type 1 building, their main objective revolves around
securing stairwells to ensure a safe evacuation.

Type II Construction: Non-Combustible

Like Type 1 buildings, Type 2 buildings contain non-combustible walls, partitions, columns,
floors, and roofs. Though these structures typically contain fire suppression systems, they are
not often protected with fire-resistive coatings and are prone to collapse. They typically
contain metal floors and metal roofs with masonry or tilt-slab walls.

Newer school buildings, shopping malls, and recently renovated commercial buildings
typically fall under this construction type. If firefighters are called to a Type 2 building, their
main priority will be to ventilate the building to prevent a dangerous rise in temperature.

Type III Construction: Ordinary

Also known as brick-and-joist structures, Type III buildings consist of either tilt-slap or
reinforced masonry walls. These materials are non-combustible. That is to say, some of the
interior structural elements (frames, floor, ceilings, etc.) are made with wood or combustible
materials.

This kind of construction can apply to both old and new buildings. Old buildings generally
contain conventionally framed roofs, while newer units are typically built with lightweight
roof systems.

Schools, buildings, and houses can all fall under this construction type. One of the perks
associated with this construction type is that ventilation is possible. That said, many Type III
buildings contain connected attics or horizontal void spaces, making fire extensions more
likely.
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Type IV Construction: Heavy Timber

This building type demands that all wooden members meet specific dimensional
requirements. Structural wood supports such as columns, beams, and girders must be at least
8 inches thick. Heavy planks for roofs and floors must be at least 6 inches thick. Type IV
buildings have non-combustible exterior walls and interior elements.

Though these buildings contain combustible materials, they generally fare well when exposed
to fire. Their structural mass also makes them more resilient against collapse. Still,
firefighters will require large volumes of water to extinguish a fire in this type of building.
Metal joint connections can also lead to a rapid increase in fire severity.

Type V Construction: Wood-Frame

Type V buildings are the most combustible construction type on this list. It is the only
category of construction that allows combustible exterior walls as well as combustible
structural members on the interior walls.

The frames, walls, floors, and roofs are made entirely or partly out of wood. These building
elements are cheaper to develop and increasingly common in the construction of single-
family homes and garages.

These structural elements can be particularly worrisome to firefighters, as exposed wood

offers no fire resistance. If a fire starts, the building will ignite significantly. These buildings
may be somewhat resistant to collapse unless it is a lightweight construction. In that case, it
will collapse within minutes of a fire breaking out.
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CHAPTER _ 02

ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE

CICON Engineers Pvt Ltd

About CICON
Experienced professionals & experts, backup infrastructure, modern plant & machinery and
embracing latest technology has been CICON’s strength to be awarded with prestigious
construction Projects over the years. High level of client satisfaction has resulted in repeat
and referral business prospects. CICON’s association with some clients has been for more
than a decade. Cicon Engineers Private Limited is a Non-govt company, incorporated on 31
Mar, 1997. It's a private unlisted company and is classified as ‘company limited by shares'.

Company's authorized capital stands at Rs 500.0 lakhs and has 84.71% paid-up capital which
is Rs 423.55 lakhs. Cicon Engineers Private Limited last annual general meet (AGM)
happened on 30 Sep, 2017. The company last updated its financials on 31 Mar, 2017 as per
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA).
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Cicon Engineers Private Limited is majorly in Community, personal & Social Services
business from last 26 years and currently, company operations are active. Current board
members & directors are MUNIPAPEGOWDA SHASHIDHAR, BANGALORE
NARAYANRAO SANDHYA, SHRUTHI SHASHIDHAR and SITARA SHASHIDHAR.

With 30+ years of diverse construction experience and updated skills, CICON is well
established to take up and deliver large size Projects with ease & competitively. Capable and
competent in delivering complete package of Civil, fabrication and MEP services.

Any assistance required even after project completion are rendered with equal zest
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Cicon Engineers Private Limited is a private, unlisted company that was incorporated on
March 31, 1997. It is located in Bangalore, Karnataka and is a residential construction
contractor.

Cicon Engineers has 23 years of experience in the civil construction field and has developed
a comprehensive engineering infrastructure to provide customized services to its clients. The
company's strengths include experienced professionals and experts, backup infrastructure,
modern plant and machinery, and embracing the latest technology.

Some say that Cicon Engineers is a good construction company and one of the best
contractors in Bangalore. Others say that the company provides an excellent work
environment for all staff.

This Project investigates the entry threshold for providing a new transaction service channel
via the real options approach, where the entry threshold is established by using an login
system designed for the use of Customers, Owner, Site Manager, Site Engineer. Where
creating users and content viewed by the users is controlled by owner and no. of users is
dependent on the owner where he supplied with type of users while creating user id.

 User must have a valid user id and password to login to the system.

 If user forgets the password he can click forgot password option or contact support
team.

 If a wrong password is given thrice in succession, that account will be locked and the
customer will not be able to use it.

 When an invalid password is entered a warning is given to the user that his account is
going to get locked.

 After the valid user logs in he is shown the list of projects which company owns. On
selecting the desired construction site he is taken to a page which shows his modules
which he is authenticated.

 User can request for the details of his project and completion status.

 User can make a change in plan to site manager or site engineering the same project.

 User can transfer documents and photos of his construction from his account to any
other account with this application.

 In emails, if message was sent successful a notification should appear to the customer,
in case if it is unsuccessful, a proper message should be given to the customer as to
why it failed.

 User can request for project progression report and weekly schedule.

 User can view his daily, weekly and monthly as well as annual account statements. He
can also take print out of the same.
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 Generate reports at every section.

 Administrator can take a backup of the database for every instance that is happening,
periodically.

 All users are authenticated to avail the services.

 Support section is also included for end users benefit.

Cicon, a construction company, was incorporated by Mr. M. Shashidhar as Cicon Engineers,

a partnership firm, in 1987. It was reconstituted as a private limited company in 1997. It
primarily undertakes civil construction projects comprising industrial, institutional,
commercial and residential projects. The company has executed most of its projects in
Bangalore.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited (CEPL) is a leading Private Limited Indian Non-
Government Company incorporated in India on 31 March 1997 and has a history of 26 years
and eight months. Its registered office is in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

The Corporate is engaged in construction of buildings used for production.

Cicon Engineers offers a wide range of products and services, including:

 Building & Real Estate Developers
 Construction Service

The Company's status is Active, and it has filed its Annual Returns and Financial Statements
up until 31 March 2022. It's a company limited by shares with an authorized capital of Rs
5.00cr and a paid-up capital of Rs 4.24 cr.

The Corporate currently has active open charges totalling ₹85.00 cr. It has already closed
loans amounting to ₹85.27cr, as per the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) records
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Complexity level of the rated instruments

Instrument Complexity Indicator

Long - term Fund - based Simple Short-term – Non - fund Based Very simple
The Complexity Indicator refers to the ease with which the returns associated with the rated
instrument could be estimated. It does not indicate the risk related to the timely payments on
the instrument, which is rather indicated by the instruments
Credit rating. It also does not indicate the complexity associated with analysing an entity's
financial, business, industry risks or complexity related to the structural, transactional, or
legal aspects. Details on the complexity levels of the instruments are available on CICON
website

Cicon has a modest scale of operations with revenues sharply declining by 50% year-on-year
(YoY) To Rs. 95.8 crore in FY2021. The company’s revenues partially recovered in FY2022
to Rs. 129.3 crore, though it continues to remain lower than FY2020 revenues (Rs. 193.4
crore). It expects to report a revenue growth of 20-25% for FY2023 given the improvement in
its order book position.

As per the provisional financials, the company’s operating margins have improved in
FY2022 to 8.6% and consequently its interest coverage ratio has also improved to 5.1 times
in FY2022.

While Cicon has in-built price escalation clause in its contracts, its ability to pass on the
volatility to the customers remains crucial for its profitability. High order book
concentration–The Company’s order book is geographically concern treated with Bangalore
contributing to the entire share of its outstanding orders, which exposes it to economic and
political risks pertaining to a single region. Additionally, the company’s operations have
exposure to the educational institutional segment, wherein operations and cash flows had
been affected during the pandemic.

The customer concentration risk is also moderately high, given that the top
three customers accounted for ~57% of the unexecuted order book as on March 31, 2022.
Any delay in execution or payments can affect its revenues and liquidity position. Stiff
competition in construction segment –The construction industry is highly competitive and
fragmented with presence of numerous small as well as large players, impacting the
pricing flexibility and profitability of players like Cicon. Its reputed clientele and
established relationship with them mitigate this risk to an extent. The company’s ability to
secure orders and further improve its order book position would remain crucial, going
forward

Liquidity position:

Adequate

The company’s liquidity position is adequate. It had unencumbered cash balance of Rs.0.3
crore as on March 31, 2022. Over the last six months up to March 2022, its cash credit limits
were 71% utilized. However, ICRA notes that the utilization has reduced to 45-50% in
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March 2022 and April 2022, leaving a moderate undrawn buffer. Never the less, Cicon
has no major principal repayment obligation in the near to medium term. The promoters have
also provided interest-free unsecured loans in the company to tide over temporary cash flow
mismatches and ease the overall liquidity position.

Rating sensitivities
Positive factors– The rating can be upgraded if there is a improve mention scale of operation
and profitability along with improvement in its working capital intensity and liquidity
position.

Negative factors – Substantial declining order execution or new order inflows, which
materially impact turnover and profitability, could result in rating revision. Moreover,
deterioration in working capital cycle or liquidity position will be a credit negative.

We Care For Our Clients

We involve with clients to understand their needs and proactively ensure implementation to
their satisfaction safely on time. We also engage with our clients for value engineering.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited is an unlisted private company incorporated on 31 March,

1997. It is classified as a private limited company and is located in Bangalore, Karnataka. It's
authorized share capital is INR 5.00cr and the total paid-up capital is INR 4.24 cr.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited's operating revenues range is INR 1cr - 100cr for the
financial year ending on 31 March, 2021. It's EBITDA has decreased by -130.97 % over
the previous year. At the same time, its book net worth has decreased by -10.68 %. Other
performance and liquidity ratios are available here.

Description: The Company undertakes construction of industrial, institutional and residential

infrastructure.

Products & Services: Residential and commercial properties.

Category: Construction and real estate development

The current status of Cicon Engineers Private Limited is - Active.

The last reported AGM (Annual General Meeting) of Cicon Engineers Private Limited, per
our records, was held on 30 September, 2023.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited has two directors - Munipapegowda

Shashidhar and Bangalore Narayan Rao Sandhya.

The Corporate Identification Number (CIN) of Cicon Engineers Private Limited is

U85110KA1997PTC022047. The registered office of Cicon Engineers Private Limited is at
'CICON HOUSE', 61/2, GUBBALALA KANAKAPURA ROAD, BANGALORE,
Karnataka.
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Vision and Mission and Quality policy

Our Vision
At CICON, we continually strive for higher standards of quality, timely completion of
construction to ensure Client’s satisfaction & trust and continue to maintain our lead in the
industry.

Our Mission

Focus responsibly to Clients requirements and deliver them through exceptional performance
in a professional manner exceeding their expectation.

Quality Policy
Professionalism has always been the aim of CICON from the inception. Highest level of
customer satisfaction by executing the projects within a stipulated time with high standard of
quality and accident free implementation following safety requirements has been the goal for
CICON. High level of customer satisfaction result in getting works on repeat order basis from
various clients. With some of the clients CICON is associated for more than a decade for
execution of their projects.

Project Management practices using the latest software such as MS Project is used to ensure
timely completion of projects.

Quality has always been the mark of CICON from the initial stage and CICON adheres to
firm inflexible quality standards at every stage of its activities in the construction. As it has
23 years of precious experience in the civil construction field CICON is now well set to
handle projects of larger size.

To provide customized services to its clients, CICON has developed a comprehensive

engineering infrastructure geared to achieve its goals.
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With its basic approach, team of experienced & expert professionals, open to latest
technology, and adoption to modern equipment has been the key instrument for CICON to
achieve prestigious construction projects over the years. Any assistance required even after
completion of projects is rendered with equal zest and anticipation of future technology
trends combined with urge to constantly infuse fresh know how into its line of process,
enables CICON to respond quickly and effectively to maintain its lead in the construction
arena.

CICON adheres to extremely high standards of quality control

These standards are rigorously implemented across all of our operations and facilities, as well
as our products, which regularly undergo testing and are certified by leading accreditation
bodies.

Health, Safety and Environment are of critical importance in our workplace, as the safety of
our workers and respect of the environment are closely linked to our core values of being an
actively responsible company.

As the manufacturing world is expanding at breakneck speed, the pursuit of excellence is

increasingly becoming important. In this regard, businesses are striving hard to make sure
that the highest quality standards are implemented in their production processes. Quality
Control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) assume pivotal roles in guaranteeing that no
customer has to deal with the inconvenience of acquiring a substandard product.

In the ensuing article, we will delve into the subject of Quality Control and Assurance and
examine its different methodologies that can pave the way to manufacturing excellence.
Furthermore, the article will also include Quality Control improvement strategies and
evaluate the relationship between Lean Manufacturing and Quality control measures.

What is Quality Control and Assurance in Manufacturing

Quality Control that is abridged as QC pertains to the systematic techniques that are
employed to monitor and weigh up the quality of the products during and post-production.
The main objective of QC is to recognize the defects and make rectifications so that the
products fulfil the predetermined quality standards. In this regard, QC comprises various
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inspection techniques, statistical process control and other tools for gauging product
characteristics and pinpointing the deviations from desired stipulations.

Quality Assurance abbreviated as QA is the broader approach that encompasses the

management procedures that should be in place in an organization to ensure that the quality
requirements are consistently met. QA involves organizational policies and managerial
actions that attempt to prevent the occurrence of defects in the first place and promptly make
improvements when required. Thus, for manufacturing goods with adherence to quality
standards, emphasis is given to process optimization to reduce flaws.

Quality Control Methodologies in Manufacturing

The various methodologies that are applied for implementing QC and bring about
manufacturing excellence have been outlined below:

1. Industry 4.0 Integration

Integration of Industry 4.0 in the manufacturing processes of any industry is recognized by
the integration of the latest digital technologies that play a crucial role in both QA and QC.
These technologies involve Machine Learning (ML), Block chain, Artificial Intelligence
(AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT) that enables proactive quality improvements by swiftly
identifying quality deviations.

2. Statistical Process Control (SPC)

This refers to the application of statistical methods to monitor and control the production
processes. Statistical methods analyse the data and use statistical formulae to assess if there is
any deviation. Any data that falls outside the acceptable limit triggers a corrective action.
Subsequently, corrective actions are enacted in the processes to bring them back under
control.

3. Inspection Techniques
The traditional inspection system involved visual checks periodically and thereafter making
measurements to identify any deviations. The latest ones include employing modern
technologies like computer vision and computerized inspection processes to identify flaws in
real-time and make modifications. The automated inspection system has tremendously
enhanced the accuracy and efficiency levels.
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Strategies that can improve Quality Control in Manufacturing

In order to achieve manufacturing excellence through QA and QC, a strategic approach
should be taken. Herein a few such strategies have been mentioned that can appreciably
improve quality control in manufacturing:

1. Process Optimization
At the core of QA, lies process optimization and an organization must be wholly committed
to continuously achieving it. This would entail the identification and elimination of
deviations, reduction of waste and optimization of the workflows. Through this process of
operational excellence not only does product quality improve but cost reductions are also
fruitfully done.

2. Employee Training and Skill Development

The cornerstone of QA and QC triumph lies in nurturing a workforce that is not only
exceptionally trained but also stays highly motivated. In light of this, organizations should
conduct relevant training programs that foster a culture of valuing quality and continuously
learning concepts based on the same. Additionally, the workforce should be empowered to
take ownership of the production processes and fulfil the quality expectations.

3. Data-Driven Decision Making

The automated inspection methods and Industry 4.0 techniques utilize data analytics for real-
time monitoring and decision-making for improvements. By examining the patterns and
identifying the anomalies early on in the manufacturing process, errors can be intercepted
before they negatively impact the final product’s quality.

Quality Control, Quality Assurance and Lean Manufacturing

Lean Manufacturing represents both a philosophy and a methodology that intends to
eliminate waste while also maximizing the value delivered to the customers. QA and QC
seamlessly synchronize with Lean manufacturing principles by regarding quality as an
integral part of the production process. Lean Manufacturing processes strive to reduce errors
and defects to the maximum possible extent underscoring the vital role of QA and QC as
indispensable tools in attaining operational excellence.
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Quality Control Strategies of Kasem International

The quality control strategies of Kasem International encompass a comprehensive approach
as delineated below:

Stringent Quality Checks: Rigorous quality checks are conducted at every phase of
production making certain that every product meets the highest standards of safety and
hygiene.

Advanced Inspection Techniques: The Company deploys cutting-edge inspection

technologies to detect even the smallest deviations thus guaranteeing product integrity.

Continuous Improvement: By implementing Lean Manufacturing practices, Kasem

International is committed to optimizing processes, enhancing product quality and
minimizing waste.

To sum up, as the manufacturing industry continues to evolve with Industry 4.0 and other
advancements, the pursuit of quality will always remain at the forefront of manufacturing-
based innovations. Kasem International demonstrates a commitment to quality by integrating
QA and QC into Lean Manufacturing principles.

Certificates & Policies

QUALITY POLICY

We at CICON will strive continuously to deliver Quality services while providing Supply of
reinforcing steel, fusion bonded epoxy coated reinforcing steel, couplers, wire mesh, cages,
timber and plywood Cutting & bending of reinforcing steel bars & epoxy coated reinforcing
steel bars Threading of reinforcing steel bars for couplers Fabrication of wire mesh &
fabrication of cages Fabrication of fusion bonded epoxy coating of reinforcing steel
Fabrication of traffic, commercial, advertising & safety signs:

Fabrication of steel & other metal structures melting, rolling process and manufacturing of
steel billets, hot rolled steel bars, rods, flat bars for building, civil and road construction-to
the satisfaction of customers.

CICON is committed to the continual improvement of its Quality Management System as per
the requirements of ISO 9001: 2015 by mitigating potential risk exploring possible
opportunities by setting Objectives & Targets and continuously reviewing them; and by
providing instruction, information, training and supervision for employees to deal with their
day-to-day responsibilities safely, competently and sustainable manner.

CICON aims to pursue this policy by:

 Implementing innovative measures to continuously improve its Quality practices

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 Meeting applicable legal & other requirements

 Making adequate resources available for providing quality products

 Understanding the needs and expectation of its stakeholders.

CICON is committed to the continual improvement of its Quality Management System as per
the requirements of ISO 9001: 2015 by mitigating potential risk exploring possible
opportunities by setting Objectives & Targets and continuously reviewing them; and by
providing instruction, information, training, and supervision for employees to deal with their
day-to-day responsibilities safely, competently and sustainable manner.
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KAB-QC-71 is a Korea Accreditation Board (KAB) certification that is valid from September
2, 2021 to September 1, 2025. The scope of accreditation includes:

 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing

 Rubber and plastic products
 Non-metallic mineral products
 Water
KAB is an internationally recognized testing laboratory accredited by KOLAS for ISO 9001/
ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001.

IAF (Indian Air Force)

The Indian Air Force (IAF) is the air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. It was founded on
October 8, 1932, and its headquarters are in New Delhi. The IAF's primary mission is to
protect Indian airspace and conduct aerial warfare during armed conflicts.
The IAF also conducts IAF Group X and IAF Group Y examinations to find suitable
candidates for entry-level positions as Airmen. The exam is administered to both technical
(group X) and non-technical (group Y) groups.
IAF may also refer to the International Accreditation Forum, which is a worldwide
association of accreditation bodies. The IAF is interested in conformity assessment in the
fields of management systems, products, processes, services, personnel, validation and
verification and other similar programs of conformity assessment

Environmental Policy (DUBAI) Certificate

CICON Epoxy and Steel Cutting Plant LLC and Branch 1 are committed to achieving the
highest environmental performance in our operations. This will be achieved through
demonstrated leadership, ethical behaviour, and adherence to CICON procedures. CICON
will endeavour to conduct all operations in a manner that will protect the environment and
ensure alignment with our strategic direction.
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Quality Standards & HSE

CICON adheres to extremely high standards of quality control. These standards are
rigorously implemented across all of our operations and facilities, as well as our products,
which regularly undergo testing and are certified by leading accreditation bodies.

Health, Safety and Environment are of critical importance in our workplace, as the safety of
our workers and respect of the environment are closely linked to our core values of being an
actively responsible company.

Regional Presence & Activities

CICON has a well-established reputation as a key supplier of premium steel rebar products to
clients across the Middle East. With our Headquarters located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab
Emirates, the CICON geographic presence includes other fabrication and distribution
facilities and activities in Dubai, Umm Al Quwain, and across the GCC in Qatar, Oman,
Kuwait, Bahrain and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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CICON also offers our highly regarded engineering and shop drawing services through
professionally staffed office in the UAE and India.

Environmental (GREEN) Approved Certificate

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PRODUCT AND SERVICE PROFILE OWNERSHIP

Business Segments

Cut & Bend

What is steel bending?
Bending/rolling steel is the process of curving a steel member to a specified radius and arc
length. Bending is commonly used to describe the process for a tighter radius bend, whereas
rolling is used to describe a larger radius bend.

What is the process of cutting and bending of reinforcement steel called?

Bar bending is the process of making and bending steel reinforcing bars and beams, also
called “rebar,” which are used to strengthen concrete in buildings

Cut and Bend Benefits

 No Wastages: Since cutting & bending process will done at Cut and Bend Service
center, hence the wastages at the site becomes zero and we take care of all the
generated wastages.
 Less Labour hassles: Labourer’s at a construction site essentially perform two
functions involving rebar’s; cutting and bending and tying. Cut and Bend Service will
significantly reduce the dependence on the labourer’s for cut and bend activities.
 Better Time Management: Cut and Bend service is delivered within 3 to 5 days after
finalization of the design thereby significantly reducing pressure at the project
manager’s end to adhere to deadlines.
 Unmatched Quality: Being a Tata Tesconi rebar, Cut and Bend service is made from
high quality standard rebar’s giving it superior strength and ductility than others
unknown rebar’s in the market.
 Better inventory management: Owing to its customized design and “On time in full”
delivery pattern, Cut and Bend is present just in time at site on requirement. This not
only reduces the amount of space you need to utilize for keeping rebar, it also helps
you in saving costs associated with wastage and labour.
 No misplacing of materials: Cut and Bend can be easily managed and its different
shapes can be easily recognized with the use of identification tags.
 Freedom in Design: The machines use to make Cut and Bend can transform any Tata
Tesconi rebar into a shape you envision. You can now have the freedom to design
complex columns, pillars, and ceilings.
 Lower Working Capital: Cut and Bend service brings with it a design suited to the
project requirements thereby reducing the cost involved in cutting and bending by the
labourer’s. Cut and Bend service also keeps your inventory costs to a minimum so
that you save on real estate and overhead associated with wastage.
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 Timely Completion of project: Cut and Bend service help from two coordinators as
part of the after sales team guiding the usage of the cut and bent steel rebars for usage
ensures that your construction ends on time with the best possible materials. The spill
over benefits includes living a happy life

Laser Coating

Laser coating, also known as laser cladding or laser weld overlay, is a manufacturing
technique that uses a laser to melt a powder material and coat a surface. The process involves
slowly moving a laser processing head over the surface while supplying the coating material
to the beam focus. The material absorbs the laser light and melts.

Laser coating is used to create a protective coating that increases the functionality of a part or
product. The process can involve feeding a stream of metallic powder or wire into a melt pool
created by the laser beam. The laser beam scans across the surface, depositing a coating of
the chosen material.

Some advantages of laser coating include:

 Precise material application

 High corrosion and wear resistance
 Low heat input, resulting in minimal distortion and structural changes
 Customized materials
 Pore-free and crack-free layers with a long lifetime and high surface quality
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Steel Pile Caging

Pile cages are used to strengthen predominantly vertical concrete columns, usually when soil
quality is poor or deep foundations are advised by engineers

Steel pile cages are reinforcing cages that are used to strengthen concrete columns in
construction projects. They are typically used for medium to large slabs, piers, and bridge
construction.

Pile cages are used to support weight loads and protect the earth from movement that can
collapse the structure. They are usually supplied in 12 meter lengths, but smaller and larger
lengths are available.
Pile cages are used when soil quality is poor or deep foundations are advised by
engineers. They provide structural integrity and strength to the piles, ensuring their stability
and load-bearing capacity.

Engineering
Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design
process to solve technical problems, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve
systems
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Structural Steel Fabrication

Structural fabrication is the process of cutting, bending, and assembling raw materials,
usually steel, to create finished products, systems, and structures. It doesn't include any
operations focused on strengthening or repairing the material.

Structural steel fabrication involves cutting, bending, and welding steel to make a
structure. It's important in a lot of industries as it is used to make many components in most
machines that we use today
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COMPETITORS INFORMATION

 Geo Engineering Company Private Limited

GEO ENGINEERING COMPANY PRIVATE LTD., (GECPL) was incorporated in

the year 1980 by highly experienced and committed professionals with Company
Owned Premises located in Peenya Industrial Corridor Bangalore. Starting with
Geotechnical investigations, since its inception, the Company has steadily grown
from strength to strength and is recognized among leading Geotechnical Engineering
Service Providers in South India.
With an increasing variety of Geotechnical works, the Company has constantly
endeavoured to update its inventory of various specialized machines and equipment
such as Automatic Free Fall Hammer, Benkelman Beam Deflect meter, Miniature
DCPT, SCPT etc. So much so, the company now possesses a wide range of equipment
from simple hand operated augers for investigation to Hydraulic Rotary Drilling units
for deep drilling and piling etc. and an in-house state of art Soil /Material Testing
Laboratory.

Geo Engineering Company Private Limited strives to satisfy customer by providing of quality
services at optimum cost and on time through continual improvements by systematic training
and review of the effectiveness of the quality management system, quality policy and quality
objectives.

ISO Certification
GECPL’s quality management system follows the principles of Total Quality Management
(TQM). This system provides the framework for the completion of projects that satisfies all
quality requirements. Firms who can exhibit international quality standards are awarded the
ISO 9001:2008 quality management designation. GECPL has bagged this certification.

The benefits of the ISO 9001:2008 implementation program are:

 Third party verification (ISO 9001:2008 Registration) of the effectiveness of the quality
management system
 Increased customer confidence in our ability to perform projects that meets their requirement
 Improved quality management system documentation
 More efficient and responsive organization
 Better position in the market
 The employees are involved in establishing procedures and hence their commitment is
assured
 Improved efficiency, and reduced rework.
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Our Vision
Our Vision is to enhance our market out so as cover maximum Geographical area in India in
field of Geo-technical and Related Civil Engineering Design, Investigation and Consultancy
Services.

Team / Manpower
GEO ENGINEERING COMPANY PRIVATE LTD., (GECPL) was incorporated in the year
1980 by highly experienced and committed professionals. Our team comprises of committed
& skilled professionals having necessary technical and management cum administrative
knowledge to handle our business activities. Key Personnel team comprises of Engineers
having Post Graduate qualification in Civil Engineering with specialization in Geotechnical
Engineering and well supported by Graduate Civil Engineers, Experienced field and
laboratory Supervisory staff. The current company manpower comprising site and Corporate
Office staff is about 100 personnel. Nearly 70% percent of the staff is skilled professionals.

 TRC Engineering Pvt. Ltd.

TRC Worldwide Engineering, Inc. (TRC) combines the talents and resources of several
preeminent organizations that have been at the developmental forefront for some of the
nation’s most unique structures. TRC is headquartered in Brentwood, Tennessee and has
grown to multiple seventeen offices with over 500 employees worldwide. Founded in 1989 as
a Structural Engineering Company, TRC has provided design services to the Architectural
community since its inception. Initiating its growth strategy, TRC strengthened the firm’s
capabilities through the acquisition of Jenkins and Char land, Inc., a Florida-based structural
engineering firm, and the acquisition of Hilden & Associates, a Pennsylvania-based firm
providing consulting in the Precast Concrete Industry. Additionally, the firm has committed
to geographic expansion with new offices in Arizona, Georgia, Indiana and Texas. TRC has
continued to reinforce its core structural engineering services while diversifying and
expanding services into site civil, transportation, and MEP engineering. In 2007,

TRC uses a Global Delivery Model to effectively deliver projects on time and within
budget. The design teams in Bangalore and Mysore, India now consists of 300 employees
providing a wide array of services to our structural engineers, steel detailers, and precast
concrete engineering group. By maximizing resources, expanding technical depth and
broadening geographic presence, TRC is capable of providing complete design services for
structures, regardless of size or location. The resources TRC has assembled feature
unparalleled, hands-on experience working on numerous structures nationwide. TRC takes
pride in delivering projects on time and within budget. This is the foundation on which TRC
has been built. We are set up to be a hands-on resource to owners, developers, architects,
contractors and fabricators. We provide design services at a level unequalled by typical
consultants working in the construction industry today.
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Vision & Mission

We are committed to customer service, excellence in design and ethical standards. Our focus
is in meeting the needs and expectations of our customers.” Customer needs have been the
driving force in the diversification of TRC’s services. We share internal knowledge, invest in
technology and aggressively seek new ways to deliver projects and services.

 Gina Engineering Company

From ground zero in 1964 to one of the leading Civil Engineering contractors today, Gina
Engineering has built its legacy on a foundation of exceptional quality standards, operational
excellence and innovation. The industry intelligence and experience cultivated over more
than half a century has enabled us to deliver what clients expect of us- safe, smart, efficient
infrastructures that make a difference in communities and economical outcomes, and enhance
quality living.

Over the years, we have transformed ideas into living edifices, thousands of quality assets
and vital infrastructures to the satisfaction of clients and communities that span the entire
construction value chain. A closely interconnected team and global-localised network enable
top-quality customized solutions that guide you through the construction process, help you
decipher complicated building codes in local areas and regulations in all environments –
ranging from rural to densely populated urban centres.

We pride ourselves on working to the highest ethical standards and setting quality
benchmarks whatever the size or type of project from start to finish. We do this by following
a rigorous Quality Management System certified to ISO 9001-2015 standards that have
enabled us.

Legalant Engineering
Legalant Engineering based in Bangalore with its operation all over India, to have a focus on
clean room HVAC Validation it has a team of professionals and consortium with rich
experience in the field.

Our Strength

we have three people on the board well qualified and experienced in Pharmaceutical
Industries as employees and service providers.
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The accountability of our establishment is purely vested in its transparency, loyalty and the
use of true and fair trade practices. Our patron's perspective, suggestions and feedback, if
any, receive a warm welcome and are instrumental in enhancing the quality and punctuality
of our services. There is constant advancement towards eliminating shortfalls and dispatching
on par with the industry standards, if not better. Such methods have lead to positive
exchanges in the organisation with its consumers and helped in building and strengthening
the existing brand image.

ACHIVEMENT AND AWARDS

 BRIGADE WTC (WORLD TRADE CENTRE)

 BRIGADE ORION
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 Bosch Management Training Center

AWARDS
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FUTURE GROWTH ASPECT

PLAN FOR COMING YEAR

NMR SOFTWARE SOLUTION

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VIASHNAVIPREMIERE

NOVEL NEXUS INFRA

ASSETZ WHITEFIELD MAR Q3

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BRIGADE ST. JOHN’S HOSPITAL

DIVYASREE SPARSH HOSPITALS

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CHAPTER _ 03

What is the McKinsey 7S Model

The 7S Model, developed by McKinsey & Company, is a framework used to analyse

organizational effectiveness. It involves seven interdependent factors which are categorized
into "hard" and "soft" elements. To apply the McKinsey 7S Model to Cicon, a hypothetical
company, you would need to examine each of these elements in detail.

Hard Elements

1. Strategy: The plan devised to maintain and build competitive advantage over the
competition.
o Cicon: What is Cicon's strategy for market growth? Are they focusing on
innovation, customer service, cost leadership, or a niche market?

2. Structure: The way the organization is structured and who reports to whom.
o Cicon: What is Cicon's organizational structure? Is it hierarchical, flat, matrix,
or another type? How are the teams organized?

3. Systems: The daily activities and procedures that staff use to get the job done.
o Cicon: What systems does Cicon use for operations, communication, and
performance measurement? Are there standard operating procedures in place?

Soft Elements

4. Shared Values: Core values of the company that are evidenced in the corporate
culture and the general work ethic.
o Cicon: What are the shared values at Cicon? How do these values align with
the company's mission and vision?
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5. Skills: The actual skills and competencies of the employees working for the company.
o Cicon: What are the key skills that Cicon's employees possess? Are there any
skill gaps? How does the company address training and development?

6. Style: The style of leadership adopted.

o Cicon: What is the leadership style at Cicon? Is it autocratic, democratic,
transformational, or another style? How does leadership impact employee
performance and satisfaction?

7. Staff: The employees and their general capabilities.

o Cicon: Who are the people at Cicon? What is the demographic makeup of the
staff? How does the company recruit, retain, and motivate its employees?

Analysis for Cicon engineers private Ltd.

The McKinsey 7S Model refers to a tool that analyses a company’s “organizational design.”
The goal of the model is to depict how effectiveness can be achieved in an organization
through the interactions of seven key elements – Structure, Strategy, Skill, System, Shared
Values, Style, and Staff.

The McKinsey 7S model can be applied in circumstances where changes are being brought
into the organization that may affect one or more of the shared values. Suppose a company is
planning to undertake a merger. It will affect how the company is organized since new staff
will be coming in. It will also affect the structure of the company, along with strategic
decision-making, as new ideas flow in through synergy.
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Strategy

Cicon's strategy might be centred on innovation in its product line to differentiate itself from
competitors. They might also focus on expanding their market share through aggressive
marketing and strategic partnerships.

Structure

Cicon might have a flat organizational structure to promote faster decision-making and
greater collaboration across departments. Each department could be led by a manager who
reports directly to the CEO.

Systems

Cicon might use advanced project management and communication tools to streamline
operations. They could have robust performance tracking systems to measure efficiency and
productivity.

Shared Values

Cicon might value innovation, customer satisfaction, and integrity. These values could be
evident in their commitment to high-quality products and excellent customer service.

Skills

Cicon's workforce could possess strong technical skills, creativity, and problem-solving
abilities. They might regularly conduct training sessions to keep their staff updated with the
latest industry trends and technologies.

Style

The leadership style at Cicon might be transformational, with leaders who inspire and
motivate employees to exceed their expectations and continuously innovate.

Staff

Cicon's staff might be a mix of experienced professionals and young talent. They might focus
on diversity and inclusion to bring various perspectives and ideas into the company.

By evaluating Cicon through the McKinsey 7S Model, you can identify areas of strength and
areas that may need improvement. This comprehensive analysis helps in aligning all parts of
the organization to work cohesively towards common goals.
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Concept of Attractiveness in Porter’s five forces model.

The key driving force behind Porter’s five forces model is to determine attractiveness of the
industry. An industry is said to be attractive if the five forces are arranged in such a manner
that they drive profitability. On the other hand, the industry is said to be unattractive if all the
five forces are interconnected in such a manner that they cause the profitability of
the company to drop.

Thus, the net result is that you should avoid entering an industry which is unattractive or at
least take the precautions while entering such an industry, where profitability is low. The
concept of attractiveness can be clearly understood in the consumer durable business.

As we know, in consumer durable, the toughest competition is between companies which

have a good customer base (dealer network). And if the dealer network has
high bargaining power, this means that the dealers are cash rich and hence entering such a
segment is difficult for your company. Furthermore, there are a lot of substitutes in the
consumer durable industry with Chinese brands mass manufacturing alternative products.

Thus, the overall profitability is low in the industry and the threats of substitutes, the
competition and the bargaining power of customers has to be taken into consideration before
establishing yourself in the consumer durable industry. Thus, using above examples, you can
analyse the attractiveness of any industry with the Porter’s five forces analysis model. Now
let’s study the model in-depth.
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The Porter’s five forces analysis model

Above is a simplified image of the model of Porter’s five force analysis. As the name
suggests, there are five different forces which play a role in the industry. And these five
forces affect each of the competitors present within that industry. Each individual force of the
external business environment is discussed below.

The Porter's Five Forces model is a strategic tool used by CICON, a company in the
construction and industrial sector, to analyse the competitive forces shaping its industry
landscape.

1. Threat of New Entrants: CICON faces moderate threat from new entrants due to
high capital investment requirements and stringent regulatory standards, which act as
barriers to entry.

2. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The Company experiences moderate supplier power

as it relies on specialized raw materials and components, but has established strong
relationships with multiple suppliers to mitigate this risk.

3. Bargaining Power of Buyers: Customers hold significant power due to the

availability of alternative suppliers and the price-sensitive nature of the construction
industry, compelling CICON to focus on competitive pricing and quality.

4. Threat of Substitutes: The threat from substitutes is relatively low, given the
specialized nature of CICON's products and services, which are not easily replaced by
alternative solutions.

5. Industry Rivalry: CICON operates in a highly competitive market with numerous

well-established competitors, necessitating continuous innovation and efficiency
improvements to maintain its market position.
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By analysing these forces, CICON identifies key areas where strategic adjustments are
necessary to enhance its competitive edge, ensure profitability, and sustain long-term growth.
The model helps CICON prioritize resource allocation, optimize supply chain management,
and refine customer relationship strategies. Ultimately, Porter's Five Forces model serves as a
critical framework for CICON's strategic planning and decision-making processes.
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CHAPTER _ 04

SWOT ANALYSIS
Introduction to the Construction Industry

Construction is the process of building and constructing objects, infrastructure, roads,

organizations, houses, and industrial facilities. Repairing, maintenance, and demolishing also
fall into the category of the construction industry. Since the construction industry is the
process of combining art and science, therefore, it involves mapping, designing, planning,
financing, building, repairing, maintaining, dismantling, and demolishing.

In the swot analysis of a construction company, we’ll discuss the strengths and opportunities
and how they can be used to minimize threats and weaknesses.
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Cicon Company SWOT Analysis

Strengths

1. Strong Brand Reputation:

o Cicon Company has established a strong brand presence in its industry,
recognized for quality and reliability.

2. Innovative Products:
o The company consistently invests in R&D, leading to a pipeline of innovative
products that meet market demands.

3. Skilled Workforce:
o Cicon employs a highly skilled and experienced workforce, enhancing
productivity and innovation.

4. Robust Financial Health:

o The company maintains a strong financial position with solid revenue streams
and good profitability margins.

5. Diverse Product Portfolio:

o Cicon offers a wide range of products, reducing dependency on a single
product line and appealing to various customer segments.

Weaknesses
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1. High Operational Costs:

o The company’s operational expenses are relatively high, impacting profit
margins.

2. Limited Market Presence in Emerging Markets:

o Cicon has a limited presence in rapidly growing emerging markets, missing
out on potential growth opportunities.

3. Dependence on Key Suppliers:

o The company relies heavily on a few key suppliers, posing a risk if there are
supply chain disruptions.

4. Slow Adaptation to Market Changes:

o Cicon has sometimes been slow to adapt to changing market trends compared
to more agile competitors.

5. Potential Over-Reliance on Core Products:

o There might be an over-reliance on a few core products, risking significant
impact if these products' demand declines.

Opportunities

1. Expansion into Emerging Markets:

o There is significant growth potential in emerging markets where the company
can expand its presence.

2. Digital Transformation:
o Embracing digital transformation can streamline operations, enhance customer
engagement, and drive innovation.
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3. Strategic Partnerships and Alliances:

o Forming strategic partnerships can open new markets, provide access to new
technologies, and enhance competitive advantage.

4. Sustainability Initiatives:
o Increasing focus on sustainability can attract environmentally conscious
consumers and meet regulatory standards.

5. Product Line Expansion:

o Developing new products or services that complement the existing portfolio
can capture additional market share.

Threats

1. Intense Competition:
o The industry is highly competitive with numerous players, leading to price
wars and reduced profit margins.

2. Economic Downturns:
o Economic recessions can lead to decreased consumer spending, negatively
impacting sales and revenue.

3. Regulatory Changes:
o Changes in industry regulations can increase compliance costs and impact
operations.

4. Technological Disruption:
o Rapid technological advancements can render existing products obsolete and
require continuous innovation.
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5. Supply Chain Vulnerabilities:

o Global supply chain disruptions, such as those caused by geopolitical tensions
or pandemics, can impact production and delivery.

This SWOT analysis provides a comprehensive overview of Cicon Company's current

situation, identifying internal and external factors that influence its business strategy and
operations.
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CHAPTER _ 05

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT

Cicon Company's financial statement for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, reveals a
robust performance. Total revenue surged by 15% compared to the previous year, reaching
$50 million. Operating expenses were effectively managed, resulting in a healthy operating
profit margin of 12%. Net income for the year stood at $6.5 million after accounting for taxes
and other expenses. The company's balance sheet demonstrates a strong financial position,
with total assets valued at $80 million, and liabilities of $30 million, indicating a solid equity
base. Cash flow from operating activities was positive, reflecting efficient management of
working capital. Investments in research and development amounted to $3 million,
underscoring the company's commitment to innovation. Cicon Company maintained a
dividend payout ratio of 30%, rewarding shareholders while preserving capital for growth
initiatives.

Overall, the financial statement showcases Cicon Company's stability, profitability, and
strategic foresight in navigating the business landscape.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited is a Non-govt company, incorporated on 31 Mar, 1997. It's a
private unlisted company and is classified as ‘company limited by shares'.
Company's authorized capital stands at Rs 500.0 lakhs and has 84.71% paid-up capital which
is Rs 423.55 lakhs. Cicon Engineers Private Limited last annual general meet (AGM)
happened on 30 Sep, 2017. The company last updated its financials on 31 Mar, 2017 as per
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA).
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Cicon Engineers Private Limited is majorly in Community, personal & Social Services
business from last 27 years and currently, company operations are active. Current board
members & directors are MUNIPAPEGOWDA SHASHIDHAR, BANGALORE
NARAYANRAO SANDHYA, SHRUTHI SHASHIDHAR and SITARA sSHASHIDHAR.

Company is registered in Bangalore (Karnataka) Registrar Office. Cicon Engineers Private

Limited registered address is 'CICON HOUSE', 61/2, GUBBALALA, KANAKAPURA
ROAD BANGALORE KA 560062 IN.

This appeal by revenue is directed against order of NFAC dated 30.9.2023 for the assessment
year 2017-18 passed u/s 250 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (in short “The Act”). The revenue
has raised

Following grounds of appeal:

1. (i) Under the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. CIT(A) has erred in allowing
credit of TDS Rs. 49.71.083/- in the AY 2017-18.

(ii). Under the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. CIT(A) has erred in giving
direction to the Assessing Officer which is not in conformity with the provisions of Rule
37BA(3) (ii) of the Income Tax Rules, 1962.
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(iii). under the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. CIT (A) has erred in no!
Appreciating the fact that Proviso to sub-section 20 to See 155 of the Act prohibits credit of
TDS in any assessment year other than the AY in which corresponding income was offered.

2. (i) Under the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. C1T(A) has erred in allowing
credit of TDS Rs. 37,37,514/- in the AY 2017-18.

(ii) Under the facts and circumstances of the case, the Ld. CIT (A) has erred in giving
direction to the Assessing Officer which is not in conformity with the provisions of
RuIe37BA(3)(ii) of the Income Tax Rules, 1962 Facts in ground No.1 of this appeal is related
to restricting the TDS of Rs 49, 71,083/- on Rs 24, 85, 54,177/- being the sales relating to the
F.Y. 2015-16.

The assesse is in the business of civil constructions of commercial complexes, Industrial,

Institutional and residential projects. According to A.O, there is mismatch in turnover
reported as per Financials and turnover as appearing in Form No. 26AS. The mismatch in
turnover was on account of sales of F.Y. 2015-16 considered by the Assesse in F.Y. 2016-17
and mobilization advance received from customs, on which TDS has been considered but not
taken for turnover in financials of A.Y.2017-18. The relevant provisions of Rule 37BA(3)(ii)

Which reads as follows?

Cicon Engineers Private Limited is a private company based in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Incorporated on March 31, 1997, the company primarily operates in the construction sector,
focusing on building projects For the fiscal year ending in 2023, Cicon Engineers reported
significant financial growth across various metrics:

Net Sales Revenue: Increased by 40.87%

Total Operating Revenue: Increased by 41.13%

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Operating Profit (EBIT): Increased by 72.58%

EBITDA: Increased by 35.49%

Net Profit: Increased by 38.51%

Total Assets: Increased by 7.46%

Total Equity: Increased by 9.77%

Despite these gains, the net profit margin saw a slight decrease of 0.06%, while the operating
profit margin improved by 0.76%. The company also demonstrated improved liquidity, with
the quick ratio and cash ratio seeing marginal increases The company is managed by two
directors, Munipapegowda Shashidhar and Bangalore Narayan Rao Sandhya, who have been
with the company since its inception. Shashidhar is also involved with other companies,
including Cicon Structural Private Limited and Avani Leisure Private Limited

For detailed financial statements, including balance sheets and profit/loss accounts, these
reports can be purchased from services like EMIS

INCOME STATEMENT

FINANCIAL REPORT - CICON ENGINEERS PRIVATE LIMITED

Here is a summary of financial information of CICON ENGINEERS PRIVATE LIMITED

for the financial year ending on 31 March, 2021.

 Revenue / turnover of CICON ENGINEERS PRIVATE LIMITED is INR 1 cr - 100 cr

 Net worth of the company has decreased by -10.68 %
 EBITDA of the company has decreased by -130.97 %
 Total assets of the company has decreased by -5.82 %
 Liabilities of the company has decreased by -0.19 %
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Cicon Engineers Private Limited is an unlisted private company incorporated on 31 March,

1997. It is classified as a private limited company and is located in Bangalore, Karnataka.
Its authorized share capital is INR 5.00 cr and the total paid-up capital is INR 4.24 cr.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited's operating revenues range is INR 1 cr - 100 cr for the
financial year ending on 31 March, 2021. It's EBITDA has decreased by -130.97 % over
the previous year. At the same time, its book net worth has decreased by -10.68 %. Other
performance and liquidity ratios are available here.

 Description: The Company undertakes construction of industrial, institutional and

residential infrastructure.
 Products & Services: Residential and commercial properties.
 Category: Construction and real estate development
 The current status of Cicon Engineers Private Limited is - Active.

The last reported AGM (Annual General Meeting) of Cicon Engineers Private Limited, per
our records, was held on 30 September, 2023.

Cicon Engineers Private Limited has two directors - Munipapegowda Shashidhar and
Bangalore Narayan Rao Sandhya.

The Corporate Identification Number (CIN) of Cicon Engineers Private Limited is

U85110KA1997PTC022047. The registered office of Cicon Engineers Private Limited is at
'CICON HOUSE', 61/2, GUBBALALA,, KANAKAPURA ROAD, BANGALORE,
Karnataka.

An income statement is also known as a profit and loss (P&L) statement, statement of
operations, statement of financial results or income, or earnings statement.

An income statement provides a snapshot of a company's financial performance over

a specific period of time. It reports a company's gross income, expenses, net income, and the
income that is available for distribution to its preferred and common shareholders.
Income statements are used by business leaders to inform financial decision-making. They
can identify areas of excess spending or loss-making activities that undermine company
profits. External parties also use income statements to analyse the financial health of a
company.
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CHAPTER _ 06
LEARNING EXPERIENCE

My learning experience at Cicon engineers private Ltd. in Kanakapur (Doddakallasandra)

was both enriching the knowledge and skills, providing me with comprehensive exposure to
various aspects of the business. One of the initial insights understood the company's history
and its strategic goals. This foundational knowledge was crucial for appreciating how a cicon
engineer has evolved over time and its future aspirations.

I gained significant skills in HR practices, particularly in recruitment and training. This

involved understanding the processes of attracting and selecting the right talent and
developing effective training programs to enhance employee skills.

Interaction with professionals across different departments significantly improved my

communication skills. These interactions were crucial in learning how to convey ideas clearly
and collaborate effectively. I also gained awareness of the financial aspects within a corporate
setting, understanding how financial decisions are made and their impact on the business.

Facing real-world challenges helped me develop problem-solving skills, while working in

cross-functional teams enhanced my teamwork and collaboration abilities. This experience
underscored the importance of a cohesive team effort in achieving organizational goals.

Overall, my time at Cicon Engineers private Ltd, Doddakallasandra operations for

professional growth

LEARNING EXPERIENCE

 Real market values

 Understanding and meeting client's needs/wants
 Design our proposals according to concept and theme
 Creative designing works and launch mechanism concepts
 Building relations

Learn some benefits of internship,

An internship is a professional learning experience that offers meaningful, practical work

related to a student's field of study or career interest. An internship gives a student the
opportunity for career exploration and development, and to learn new skills. It offers the
employer the opportunity to bring new ideas and energy into the workplace, develop talent
and potentially build a pipeline for future full-time employees.
59 | P a g e

A quality internship:

Consists of a part-time or full-time work schedule that includes no more than 25% clerical or
administrative duties Provides a clear job/project description for the work experience. Orients
the student to the organization, its culture and proposed work assignment. Helps the student
develop and achieve learning goals. Offers regular feedback to the student intern.

FRIENDLY NATURE WITH WORKERS

ENTRY TOWARDS EQUIPMENT DEPARTMENTS

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STORING OF FINISHED MATERIALS

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CHAPTER _ 06

BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://ciconengineers.in/

https://www.justdial.com/Bangalore/Cicon-Engineers-Pvt-Ltd-Opposite-Indian-Oil-Petrol-
Bunk-Kanakapura-Road/080P17298_BZDET

https://etrace.in/company/cicon-engineers-private-limited-u85110ka1997ptc022047/

https://info.edgeinsights.in/company/financials/Cicon-Engineers-Pvt.-Ltd./28187?

https://www.99corporates.com/Company-Overview/CICON-ENGINEERS-PRIVATE-
LIMITED/CIN/U85110KA1997PTC022047

https://www.neit.edu/blog/what-are-the-different-types-of-construction

https://kasem-international.com/quality-control-and-assurance-in-manufacturing-best-
practices/

https://www.tofler.in/cicon-engineers-private-
limited/company/U85110KA1997PTC022047/network