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9.3 Representing Functions

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9.3 Representing Functions

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rozitaabdal2025
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9.

3 Representing functions
Grade 9

By Abdulazeez B. Rasoul
Objective
• Work out input and output numbers from function machines.

What is a Function Machine?

A function machine is a visual way to understand how numbers are processed. It’s like a machine where

you input a number, and the machine performs a rule (e.g., add, subtract, multiply, or divide) to produce an

output.

Example:
• The numbers that you enter into the function machine are
called the input.
• The numbers that you get out of the function machine
are called the output.
• This example is one-step function as a function machine
Mapping diagram

You can also show a function as a mapping diagram like this.

• The input numbers map to the output numbers.


• You can also write a function algebraically as an equation. Use the letter x to represent
the input numbers. Use the letter y to represent the output numbers.
• You can then show the previous function machine like this:
• You can also write the function as an equation like this: 𝐱 + 𝟓 = 𝐲
• but it is more common to write the equation like this: 𝐲 = 𝐱 + 𝟓
How Function Machines Work

Function machines typically have:


1. Input box: The number you put into the machine.
2. Rule: The operation the machine performs (e.g., ×2, −5).
3. Output box: The result after the rule is applied.

Example:

Rule: Input + 3
If the input is 2, Output = 2+3=5
If the input becomes 4, Output = 4+3=7
If the input becomes 5, Output = 5+3=8
An example

A. Copy and complete the table of values for this two-step function machine.

B. Write the function in part a as an equation.


Learners book
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Learners book
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Learners book
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Learners book
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Learners book
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Working Backwards (Finding the Input)

Sometimes you’re given the output and need to work out the input. This involves inverse operations.

Example: Find the missing inputs and outputs in this function machine.

To work out the outputs, multiply the inputs by 2.


1×2=2
3×2=6
To work out the input, work backwards using inverse operations. Instead of multiplying the input by 2 to
get the output, divide the output by 2 to get the input.
10÷2=5
Learners book
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Learners book
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Learners book
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