mnsible for the formation of fold mountains. 1. Name the forces respot (a) Earthquakes and volcanoes (b) Orogenic movements ‘Ans. (b) Orogenic movements 2. The term ‘orogenic’ is derived from the Greek word meaning (@) Mountain building (©) Formation of plains (b) Plateau building (d) Continent building Ans. (a) Mountain building What are the three major landforms? (4) Fold mountains, block mountains and residual mountains (0) Exogenic forces (a) Epeirogenic movements (@) Volcanic platens Seaman (4) Mountains, plateaus 4 rn vig (a) Block mountains (&) Fold mountains Ans. (b) Fold mountains 5. What causes stresses in the earth’s crus (a) Weathering and erosion (b) Erosion and deposition (c) Movement in the mantle, (d) Weight of overlying rocks, (4) Weight of overlying rocks, mc 3. What creates the fold mountains (a) Compressive forces, prod (b) Movement in the mantle, weat (c) Faulting and compressive fore Give an example of fold mo (a) Andes Ans. (d) Rockies 8. Give an example of fold (a) Rockies (b) AndesLandforms of the Earth | 53 9, Give an example of fold mountains of Europe. (a) Andes. (b) Zagros (©) Alps (d) Kunlun ‘Ans. (c) Alps 40. Give an example of fold mountains of Asia (a) The Himalayas (©) The Andes (b) The Alps (d) The Rockies Ans. (a) The Himalayas 11, Which are the highest and the most extensive mountain ranges of the world? (a) Block mountains (©) Fold mountains (b) Residual mountains (d) Kunlun Mountains ‘Ans. () Fold mountains 12, Why are most of the fold mountains made of sedimentary rocks? (a) Formed because of deposition and consolidation of sediments in shallow oceans (b) Formed in layers () Formed of limestone and shale (@) Formed of sandstone ‘Ans. (a) Formed because of deposition and consolidation of sediments in shallow oceans 13, Refer to the images and answer the question that follow: @ ® " (Identify the part of the fold mountain marked A (a) Horst (©) Anticline (©) Block mountain (4) Syncline ‘Ans. (c) Anticline (ii)_ Identify the part of the fold mountain marked B (@) Syncline (©) Rift valley ‘Ans. (a) Syncline 14. The two types of fold mountains are (@) Horst and graben (©) Block mountain and rift valley ‘Ans, (c) Young fold and old fold mountains 15. This is one of the characteristics of young fold mountains (a) They are highly eroded by the agents of gradation (b) They are low in height (©) They have steep slopes, deep valleys and sharp pointed snow peaks (d) They have gentle slopes, rounded tops and sculptured domes Ans. (¢) They have steep slopes, deep valleys and sharp pointed snow peaks 16. This is one of the characteristics of old fold mountains (@) They have been formed later and are stil growing (b) Volcanic activities are common in these mountains SO a (©) Block mountain (4) Graben (©) Young fold and old fold mountains (4) Residual and block mountainsstion Bonk jeys and sharp pointed snow peaks {5h [1058 Most Likely tops and sculptured domes (©) They have steep stoPe5, deep vall ded ; (@) They have gentle slopes, roun' " ‘ans. (A) They have gentle slopes rounded tops and sculptured domes 47, Thisis an example of a yours: fold mountain aon (©) The fa) The Appalachians ‘ | oS ‘The Andes (d) The. ‘Aravallis ‘Ans. (b) The Andes | 38. This isan example of an old fold mountain ; (a) The Alps (c) The Himalayas (d) The Appalachians (b) The Rockies ‘Ans. (a) The Appalachians 39, Why do the old fold mountains have gentler slopes, rounded tops, eight than young fold ‘mountains? (@) They have been formed later (b) Volcanic activities are highly prevalent there (@) They are highly eroded by the agents of ‘gradation (a) They have been cut down for the construction of roads ‘Ans. (c) Highly eroded by the agents of gradation 20. The Anatolian Plateau isin (a) Turkey (b) Iran (Q) Deccan (a) Tibet ‘Ans. (a) Turkey 21, The fold mountain chains that exist (@) Islands () Cities Ans. (a) Islands ‘22. What leads to the formation of ridges? (a) Weathering and deposition (b) Formation. of block mountains (c) The forces which lead to the forn (@) Loess plains 4 } Ans. (c) The forces which lead to the format 23. What are residual mountains? (a) Mountains which are subject lowered down (b) Old fold mountains with () Young fold mountains whidl in height (d) Young fold mountains with st ;. {a) Mountains which are s lowered down. . "Parasnath mountain’ in India i {a) Block mountain (b) Young fold mountain () Residual mountains 5. Catskil range in the USA is a (a) Fold mountain 7 (b) Residual mountain sculptured domes and of lowe, and railways beneath the sea have their tops revealed as (©) Towns AbeixercntAns: 26. ‘Ans. m7. Ans. 2. Ans. Ans. 31. Ans, Ans, 3 Landforms ofthe Earth | 55 () Residual mountain How are block mountains formed? (a) Through epeirogenic forces (b) Through orogenic forces (a) Through epeirogenic forces Block mountains are often separated by intervening basins called jorst (@) Hors (0) Marine depot (b) Intermontane plateau (d) Graben (@) Graben An example of block mountain in France (6) Through exogenic forces (d) Through erosional work of rivers (a) Tapi rift valley (©) Salt Range (b) Vosges (d) Sierra Nevada mountains (b) Vosges An example of block mountain in the USA (a) Salt range (c) Black Forest mountains (b) Vosges (d) Sierra Nevada mountains (d) Sierra Nevada mountains Which one of these is a block mountain of Pakistan? (a) Vosges (©) Salt Range () Sierra Nevada mountains (@ Black Forest mountains (©) Salt Range What is a plateau? (a) An area of high ground 500 feet above the ground level with the upper surface usually flat and steep on one side (b) An extensive area of flat lowland (¢) Anatural depression, which is drained by a river (@) When two parallel faults occur and the land in between subsides (a) An area of high ground 500 feet above the ground level with the upper surface usually flat and steep on one side Which type of plateaus are the highest and most extensive on the globe? (@) Volcanic (b) Intermontane (©) Piedmont (@) Continental (b) Intermontane . What are intermontane plateaus? (a) Plateaus formed by numerous volcanic eruptions (©) Very small in extent and they lie atthe foot of the mountains (©) Formed by extensive deposition of successive lava flows (4) Surrounded by hills and mountains on all sides (4) Surrounded by hills and mountains on all sides This is an example of an intermontane plateau (@) Plateau of South Africa (©) Peninsular India (b) North American Cordillera (@) Patagonia Plateau (b) North American Cordillera Example of lava plateau in India (@) North western Deccan (b) Patagonia Plateau (@) The Deccan plateau (©) Plateau of South Africa (a) The Decean plateau——k— = rz» ‘56 | ICSE Most Likely Question Bank -IX 36. Whatisa plain?” (@) An extensive area of lowland with a level or gently undulating surface (b) A natural depression drained by a river (© Anextensive area of high ground with usually flat surface and one steep side (d) Submerged land surrounded by an embankment Ans. (a) Anextensive area of lowland with a level or gently undulating surface 37. Which plains are formed due to uplift or subsidence of land? (a) Depositional plains (©) Structural plains (©) Marine deposition (d) Piedmont alluvial plains Ans. (6) Structural plains 38. What was the cause of formation of the Great Plains of USA? i (a) Weathering (©) Uplift of land submerged under wate, (©) Erosion (@) Submergence of land Ans. (c) Uplift of land submerged under water 39. Why are there many lakes in the vast lowland of the Great Plains of USA? (@) Weathering (©) Sedimentation (©) These areas were submerged under water (@ Denudation Ans. (b) These areas were submerged under water 40. What led to the formation of Coromandel plains? (@) Sedimentation (©) Weathering and erosion (©) Formation of block mountains (@) Mild subsidence followed by sedimentation (d) Mild subsidence followed by sedimentation 41. How are depositional plains formed? (a) These are coastal plains with plenty ofsand deposits — 4 (b) Deposition of materials which have been brought by various agents of transportation (©) Plains found in deserts ong ortt sods 2968 602 pt ion (e) (@) Formed due to uplift or subsidence of land (b) Deposition of materials which have vas by What are piedmont alluvial plains? oe (2) Plains formed at the foothills of then s (b) Plains formed by denuded and weath (©) Plains formed by sand deposits (4) Plains formed by marine deposits — (@) Plains formed at the foothills of the m 43. An example of alluvial plain (@) Loess plain of China (b) Sahara desert . (d) Mekong What is a polder? (@) Anembankment (b) Submerged land (©) Piece of land reclaimed from the se (d) River deposits 5. (¢) Piece of land reclaimed from the sea ee z45. Ans. Ans. 49. 50. 5h Ans, 52. Ans, Landforms ofthe Earth | $7 What is a dyke? (a) Submerged land (0) Diastrophic forces () Anembankment ‘The Himalayas are about (2) 7000 km in length, (b) 4800 km in length (©) Anembankment (4) Loess sediment (6) 2400 km in length (4) 1600 km in length . (c) 2400 km in length ‘Which ridge rises 3 km above the floor of the Atlantic Ocean and joins the Indian Ocean Ridge? (a) Aden Ridge (0) Central Indian ridge (0) Mid-Atlantic Ridge (@) Juan de Fuca Ridge (b) Mid-Atlantic Ridge How isa rift valley formed? (@) It may be formed when there are two parallel faults and the valley floor sinks (b) If mountain building forces occur (0) Iablock rises (@) If forces of compression act to form folds (@) It may be formed when there are two parallel faults and the valley floor sinks The most extensive system of rift valley is the (@) Rio Grande Rift (o) African Rift Valley (©) West Antarctic Rift (@) Baikal Rift Valley . (©) African Rift Valley What landform is formed if a block rises? (@) Graben (© Horst (©) Rift valley (4) Structural plain (© Horst Match the following: T, | World’s highest as well as most extensive intermon-| (i) | Bolivian plateau tane plateau 2. | A plateau surrounded by hills and mountains on all| (i) | Columbian Plateau sides 3, | Plateau formed by numerous volcanic Eruptions (iii) | Tibetan Plateaus 4, | It has about 20 layers of lava showing that 20 different | (iv) | Bthiopian plateau volcanic eruptions have formed this plateatt (a) 1. (i) 2. (iv) 3. (ii) 4. (ii) 1. (©) 1. Git) 2. @) 3. Gv) 4. ) (@) 1. Gv)2 G3. Gi). @ &) 1. (ii) 2. @) 3. Gv) 4. @) Match the following: 1. [Emerged coastal plain (@_|Bhangar 2. | New deposits of alluvial plain (i)_|Khadar 3. | Old deposits of alluvial plain (Gii)_| Netherlands 4, | Estuarine banks (iv) [Gulf Coast @ 1.02.03.) © £2 (3.04 Gi) i) 4. Gv) (@) 1. (it) 2. (ivy 3. (i) 4. (ii) (©) 1. (iv) 2. Gi) 3. @) 4. Gi)58 | ICSE Most Likely Question Bank - IX 53. i) Ans. i) - Mountains are the landforms that rises above the su Name any two recently occurred mountain buildin, - What do you mean by syncline When the mountains were forme . Which mountain range has the hi; Name the highest peak of the world 5. Mount Everest is the hi Refer to the image and answer the question tat follow: ) @ LY Name the formation A (@) Anticline (b) Horst (©) Graben (d) Synctine (© Graben Name the formation B (@) Anticline (b) Synciine (©) Rift valley (4) Horst (a) Horst {aN a\Very Short Answer Type Questions S |. Define mountains. rounding land, land above 600 m is calle mountain, while land below 600 m is called a hill. . Write down two characteristics of Fold Mountains? . The two characteristics of Fold Mountains are: (i) They form parallel ranges. (Gi) They are prone to sudden forces which results in volcanic eruption and earthquake. 8 Processes along with the associated time pe as follows: neatly 350 million years ago. nearly 240 million years ago and anticline? The two recent periods of mountain building are () The Caledonian period which occurred (ii) The Hercynian period which occurred wrinkled. The up folds or the crests were called anticlines. On the other hand, the troughs were called synclines, ighest and largest mountains in the world? The Himalayas are the world’s highest and largest mountains. It stretches across mid-Asia wit peaks. along with its height? ighest peak in the world with a hei; f i ew ight of 8848 m, It belongs to the contin . What do you mean by rift valley? A linear-shaped valley create, ‘d due to di livergence of the plates crustal i ley. It is a low land betw, Plates and extension is vall een several hich1..3. 2. © ~~ Ctustal extension is calledAns. Ans, Ans. ~, Multiple Choice Questions Name the rocks formed by cooling of molten magma on the surface of the earth. (a) Dyke (b) Necks (©) Extrusive igneous rocks (0) Extrusive igneous rocks (d) Intrusive igneous rocks Name the process in which the loose grains of sediment are converted into rock. (a) Cementation (b) Crystallization (d) Lithification (c) Intrusion (@) Lithification The calcareous sedimentary marine rocks are formed from the (a) Deposition of shells and skeletons of sea organisms (©) Burying of sea plants for a long period of time (©) Formed by alluvial deposits by the flowing water of streams (4) Direct precipitation of mineral matter (a) Deposition of shells and skeletons of sea organisms The igneous rocks are called the primary rocks, because (a) they were formed out of basic minerals (b) they were the first rocks to be formed (bd) they were the first rocks to be formed (0) they are of volcanic erosion (4) they are granular and crystalline When magma cooled at intermediate depth to form rocks like sills and dykes, they are know (a) Basaltic rocks (b) Plutonic rocks (4) Hypabyssal rocks (©) Basic igneous rocks (4) Hypabyssal rocks ‘The deep seated intrusion rocks that form the base of mountain ranges are called (a) Sills (b) Laccolith . (c) Batholiths (©) Batholiths (@) Dykes Which of the following rocks are used for power generation? (a) Peat (b) Anthracite (b) Anthracite (©) Lignite (a) Charcoal Which one of the following is a nota characteristic of metamorphic rock (a) They are harder and more compact (b) They are mostly permeable (©) They have fossils (d) They are formed due to change in texture and composition of pre-existing rocks. (©) They have fossils ‘Thermal metamorphism occurs when original rocks transforms under the influence of (a) pressure at a great depth (b) pressure at a shallow depth (©) high temperature (d) active gas passing through rocksPE Ans. 10. Ans. in. Ans. 2 ‘Ans. B. Th 1b. Ans. 16, v7. Rocks | 67 (©) high temperature What do you mean by regional metamorphism? (a) The process of metamorphism occurs by exertion of pressure at a great depth. (b) The process of metamorphism occurs by exertion of pressure at a shallow depth. (©) The process of metamorphism occurs under the influence of high temperature. (a) The process of metamorphism occurs by the pressure of overlying rocks and intense heat produced by large scale earth movement. (a) The process of metamorphism occurs by the pressure of overlying rocks and intense heat produced by large scale earth movement. Basic igneous rocks are heavy and darker in colour because (a) they have a silica content of between 65 to 85 percent (b) they have higher percentage of oxides of denser elements (0) they prone to frequent crystallisation (@) they contain remnants of the marine animal (b) they have higher percentage of oxides of denser elements Name the rocks that are formed when the molten magma is forced upward and fills the vertical cracks and fissure of the existing rocks. (a) sills (b) necks (©) dykes (d) batholiths (©) dykes Rocks are the aggregate of minerals whereas minerals are the (a) compound of organic substances (b) compounds of hydrocarbons only (©) exclusive compounds of silicates and sulphides. (@) naturally found solid inorganic substances with definite chemical composition. (@) naturally found solid inorganic substances with definite chemical composition. Rock cycle is the process of (a) Transformation of older rocks into new ones, (©) Cyclic displacement pf rocks from one place to another (©) Changing mineral composition in rocks (@) Changing the chemical bonding of the minerals present in the rock (a) Transformation of older rocks into new ones. Which among the following is the actual order of transformation in a rock cycle. (a) Metamorphosis ~ Lithification - Deposition of lava (©) Deposition of lava - Metamorphosis - Lithification (©) Deposition of lava - Lithification ~ Metamorphosis (@) Lithification - Deposition of Lava - Metamorphosis (©) Deposition of lava - Lithification ~ Metamorphosis Which among the following is commonly used as a building material? (@) Granite (©) Gabbro (0) Basalt (4) Dolerite (@) Granite What do you mean by a mineral? (a) Mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen (b) Natural compound. (©) Chemicals containing oxygen (a) Compounds that do not have any definite composition (b) Natural compound ie cons am a a68 | 10SE Most Likely Question Bank IX 18, Ans, 19, Ans, Ans, 2. Ans. Vhat do you mean by necks? i a i sche formation of magma found atthe broken passage of an extinct votcang, (©) A deep seated intrusion of rocks (©) The magma flows between the layers of horizontal rocks (@) A dome shaped rock with a flat bottom. 5 (2) A solidified formation of magma found atthe broken passage of an extinct volcano, terial iu The process of cementation involves the natural materials lke calcium compound Sle ang because (a) they have the properties of binding, (0) they are the residuals of dead animals and plants (©) they are of oldest origin (4) they are released from molten lava (@) they have the properties of binding Match the following: pi Carboneous Sedimentary Rocks (i) _| Dynamic Metamorphism ~ 2. | Lacustrine rocks (ii) | Graphite 3. | Thermal Metamorphism (ii) | Peat ~ 4. [Foliation (iv)_[Take bed (2) 1. Gv) 2. (i) 3. (i) 4. @ © 1.02 (v)3.Gi4 Gy (b) 1. (ii) 2. (ivy 3, (iii) 4. (i) ) 1, iii) 2. (ivy 3, (i) 4. () () 1. Gi). Gv) 3. G4. (@) Peatisan example of Carboneous Sedimentary Rocks (©) Lacustrine rocks are found on rough the process of thermal metamorphism {@) Foliaton isa part of dynamic metamorphism, in which ‘minerals gets arranged in a ser Match the following: abe (1. [Bituminious [co Tintrusive igneous rode 2. [Acolian Rocks | (i) “| Power generation Et Lithification (it)_[Toess 4. [Lacotith (iv) [Cementation g i oe os i o © 1.692. G3, (4, @ Gi (ii) 4. i () 1. Gi) 2. Gv)3. iy 4 © 1.62.3, (v4. @ PALS () Bituminous coal are used for power generation, () Loess is an important aolian deposte (©) Lithfication involves three ma ies Whi loose jor activities i (Sennen AA a (4) Lacolith are the intrusive igneous i Vide cane lo *vorks, whichare formed when magina sol lifies below tes [2. [Acid igneous rock 3. | Stratified rocks 4. [Gyp ©) 1.Gi)2. 63. ag ©) 1-69)2 (3, Giy 4 (9 1.02 @)3. Gaya @ @ 1. (H) 2. Gil) 3. yy 4. @ya " Rocks | 69 ans. (2) 1. Gii)2.G¥)3. (4. Gi) (a) Basalt is the example of extrusive igneous rocks. (b) Mica is the example of acid igneous rocks. (c) Sand stone is the example of stratified rocks. (a) Gypsum is used in construction industry and to make plaster of Paris. 23, Match the following "7, | Caleareous rocks ()__ | Metamorphic rocks 2. | Plutonic rocks (i)_[ Rhyotite 3. | Sialic rocks (iii)_| Slow cooling of magma at greater depth 4, [Secondary rocks (iv)_[ Remnants of sea organism (@ 1 Gy)2.(ii)3. (il) 4. (© 1. Gi) 2. Gil) 3. Gv) 4. @) (b) 1. (iv) 2. (iii) 3. (i) 4. (@), (d) 1. (iii) 2. (iv) 3. (ii) 4. @) ‘ans. (0) 1. (iv) 2. (ii) 3. (i) 4.) (a) Calcareous are formed by deposition of remnants of sea organisms (shells an coral, clams and oysters etc. \d skeletons) like (&) Plutonic rocks are the large size crystals of intrusive igneous rocks formed by solidification of magma at a greater depth. (0) The chemical composition of igneous rocks varies from alumino-silicate like quartz and feldspar to granite and rhyolite. These types of rocks are collectively known as Sialic rocks. (€) Metamorphic rocks are formed by changing in the form ofthe primary rocks such as igneous and. sedimentary rocks. Thus these rocks are called secondary rocks. a\Very Short Answer Type Questions 24. Define rocks. How they are formed. What are the various types of rocks found on the Earth? ‘Ans. Rocks are naturally occurring solid substances having, inorganic compound. They contain different types of minerals. Rocks are of three types: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks. 25, Mention the formation of any one type of rock. from the lava released form the volcanic eruption. The molten lava come out and spreads on the surface of the earth. Eventually the lava gets cool down. ‘Ans. Igneous rocks are formed of the vents of the volcano and solidified to form the igneous rocks. 26. Why are igneous rocks also known as primary rocks? ‘Ans, ‘The igneous rocks are directly formed from the cooling ‘of molten lava released from volcanic activities. The formation of igneous rocks involves cooling and solidification. This is the first rock that is formed in the rock cycle. From igneous rocks sedimentary rocks are: formed and finally the sedimentary rocks convert to metamorphic rocks. This is the reason igneous rocks are called primary rocks: 27. What is lithification? Ans. The process of lithification takes place in sedimentary ‘rocks when the loose sediments turns in to hard rocks or ith. The process involves three procedures; evaporation, compaction and cementation. 28, Name two processes that lead to the formation of sedimentary rocks: Ans. Two processes that lead to the formation of sedimentary Yorks! are lithification, erosion and deposition. 29, Name two landforms made up of igneous rocks. ‘Ans. The two landforms made up of igneous rocks are sills. 30, What are sills and dykes? Ans. Sills and dykes both are types of intrusive igneous tocks: The only difference s that dykes are the horizontal intrusion whereas the sills are the vertical intrusfon in another types of rock strata, and dykes.Weathering and Denudation Multiple Choice Questions 1. Weathering away of rocks by agents on the surface of the earth is called? (c) Transportation (d) Deflation {@) Erosion (©) Deposition Ans. (a) Erosion 2. Weathering is a static process because : (a) Because it occurs on site with little or no movement (b) Weathered debris are removed by the 8 natural agents (©) No chemical change of rocks takes place (d) Breaking of rocks takes place slowly Ans. (a) Because it occurs on site with little or no movement 3. Physical weathering processes are common in desert areas because of : (a) Presence of large rocks (©) Wind is the main agent of weathering (b) Absence of vegetation (d) High variation of daily temperature ‘Ans. (d) High variation of daily temperature Chemical weathering is most common in tropical humid regions because of : (a) The presence of moisture (b) Different rates of expansion and contraction of rocks (0) Differential heating of rocks (d) Decomposition of rocks Ans. (a) The presence of moisture ) 5. ADepression formed by carrying away of sand over long distance is called : » (@) Deflation hollow (©) Barkhans (©) Sand-dunes (@) Meander ‘Ans. (a) Deflation hollow 6. A Landform produced by wind deposition is : (@) Canyon (© Delta (b) Deflation hollow (4) Dunes Ans. (d) Dunes 7. Crescent shaped dunes are called : (a) Gorges (© Barkhans (b) Meanders (@) Deflation hollow Ans. (0) Barkhans 8. A Hill of sand commonly found in deserts is called : (a) Dune (0) Delta (b) Deflation hollow (4) Meander ‘Ans. (a) DuneWeathering and Denudetion | 93 9, Brosion is a destructive process (a) Itinvolves wearing away of land surface (6) It destroys human life {b) It destroys all flora and fauna (d) All ofthese pos. (@) involves wearing avtay of land surface Ha, Formation of rectangular blocks by block disintegration is mainly caused by (a) Repeated expansion and contraction of rocks caused by t {b) Minerals of rocks are dissolved in water nperature changes {6) Rainwater combines with calcium of rocks (a) Minerals in rocks is absorbed by water (a) Repeated expansion and contra ion of rocks caused by temperature changes In case of granular disintegration differential rate of expansion and contraction of rocks is observed because (a) Different minerals in the rocks expand and contract at different rates Ans. 1. (b) Presence of many joints and cracks (0) Extreme range of temperature (a) Presence of hard rocks ‘ans. (a) Different minerals in the rocks expand and contract at different rates 42, Whatiis the main reason behind the rusting of rocks : atmospheric oxygen (a) Iron present in rocks combines wi (b) Carbon Dioxide combines with minerals of the rocks (©) Water combines with the minerals of the rocks s disintegrated by temperature changes (a) Iron present in roct ‘Ans, (a) Iron present in rocks combines with atmospheric oxygen 13, Give Reason Carbonation is common in limestone rocks because {@) calcium carbonate in limestone rocks absorbs carbon 8) limestone rocks are soft and decomposes easily (C)carbon in limestone rocks disintegrate due to temperature changes (D)calcium in limestone rocks breaks away easily (A)calcium carbonate in limestone rocks absorbs carbon dioxide xide Ans 14, Depositional work predominates inthe lower course ofa river because: (A)the river is sluggish and loses its erosive power (6) sediment load increases (©)slope ofthe land is gentle (D)all ofthe above Ans. (D)all ofthe above 15. In the upper course a river forms narrow v shaped valleys because of | (A)rapid vertical erosion (B) the rocks are v shaped (©both vertical and lateral erosion predominates (Dpriver is swift flowing ‘Ans. (A)rapid vertical erosion 16, A common feature formed by chemical weathering in limestone rocks: (0) Grikes (d) Exfoliation Domes (@) Dunes (b) Levees Ans. (c) Grikes17. 18. | ne 94 | ICSE Most Likely Question Bank- 1K " : and F Denudation isthe combined action f* Oe aie (a) Weathering and Erosion (a) Weathering and Voleanjsy, (©) Weathering and Gradation (a) Weathering And Erosion Jower course of a river : Which of the following feature is, formed in the (@) Interlocking Spurs (a) Canyon (Delta (b) Rapids (a) Delta , Transportation is the main work of a river in its: woe (a) Upper Course hipaa (©) Middle Course (&) Middle Course k 5 A triangular landform formed at the mouth of a river in its old stage is called f (c) Meanders @ler, (@) Oxbow Lake (b) Delta () Delta Match the following: 1, [Block Disintegration ()_ [Calcium Bicarbonate 2. | Exfoliation (i) _| Rectangular Blocks 3. | Carbonation (iii)_ [Kaolin 4. | Hydration (iv)_| Domes (a) 1. ii) 2. (iv) 3. (i) 4. (iii) 7 (© 1.2. (i) 3. (iii) 4. (iv) ©) 1.62. Gi). G4. vy a) 1 Gv) 2. 3. Git) 4. Gi) (@) 1. (i) 2. Gv) 3. i) 4. (ii) ‘Match the following: Wind Erosion Wind Deposition. River Erosion 4. | River Deposition @) 1. Gi) 2. 3. Gv) 4. Gi) (b) 1. G2. (ii) 3. (itl) 4. iv) @ 1. eumad bot Snot RBREED ei ne d. 2s 3. () 1. (i)2. (93. @v)4. Gi) (b) 1. (i) 2. (i) 3. ii) 4. ivy (@) 1. Gi) 2. () 3. iv) 4. Git) Match the following:Ans. Ans. Be Ans, . Name the major types of . There are three types of weatherint . Exfoliation is common in di Weathering and Denudation | 95 {a) 1. (ii) 2. (i) 3. (iv) 4. (iii) (©) 1. (iv) 2. (i) 3. (ii) 4. (iii) 1.02.00, GH 4. 00) (d) 1. ii) 2. iv) 3. (0) 4. Gi) (2) 1. (i) 2. G) 3. Gv) 4. Gi) Very Short Answer Type Question: Define the following terms: (i) Weathering (ii) Denudation, (i) Weathering: It is the mechanical fracturing and chemical decomposition of rocks, in situ, by natural agents at the surface of the earth. ‘ ‘ (i) Denudation: Itis a long term sum of processes that cause the wearing away of the Earth’s surface leading to the reduction in elevation and landscape. How weathering is essential in the formation of soil? Biodiversity on our planet is based on natural vegetation er forest. Weathering help: disintegration of rocks and formation of forests and natural ecosystems. What is the role of plants in accelerating the biological weathering? ‘The roots of the plants and trees exert tremendous pressure on the 1 mechanically breaks the rocks apart and exposes the rocks to weathering. How is mass wasting different from the erosion process? ‘Mass wasting is a down slope movement of debris under the great infl hand erosion is physical removal and transportation of weathered rock s in the rocks. This pressure of the roots luence of gravity. On the other by the agents like wind, river orice, etc. Explain the formation process of sand dunes. When an obstruction (generally a boulder or turf of shrubs) obstruct the direction of wind in arid won, These obstructions obstruct the speed of the wind and eause the deposition of sand particles and forms sand dunes. Use one word for the following statements: (i) The plains formed by the deposition work of river 0x Sussm (i) A permeable stratum or zone below the earth's surface through which groundwater moves. () Alluvial plains (i) Aquifer Describe the work of plants as agent of erosion: ‘These roots exert pressure on the rock and The roots of plants and trees enter the cracks and joints 1 rae ce, These aracks further Widertior® Saaailalsaa rock split into parts. Name the different process of chemical weathering: ’ The different processes of chemical weathering ar° ® solution, carbonation. hydration, oxidation, reduction and processes involved in gradation. Jor mechanical weathering, chemical weathering dation are degradation and aggradation. weathering, Name the two 1g. These are physical and biological weathering, Two process involved in gra ra exfoliation is common? hich ange sort region. isdue the reason that in deseris the range of temperature is igher is the i liation. very high. Higher is the range of temperature higher is the impact of exfo () Whats denudation? (ii »rocess i! jIved in it. { ; 7 ‘ ee aces oerngover or strip off something Thus denudation means the process p wor ofremoving somethin as movement eon, (ii) Denudation includes weatHydrosphere a 9 Chapter 10 Multiple Choice Questions The combined mass of water present on the earth including ocean, rivers, streams, lakes, atmosphere and underground is called: (a) Atmosphere (©) Hydrosphere (©) Troposphere (4) Biosphere (b) Hydrosphere Ocean water moves in three different ways viz. wave, and tides (a) breezes (©) swirls (©) mists (A) currents (@) currents ides are the rise and fall of sea water due to the of the sun and the moon. (a) magnetic field (©) heat wave () gravitational force (d) light energy (b) gravitational force The sea waves produced by tides are called (@) tidal waves () tidal front (©) tidal current (d) tidal surf (@) tidal waves ‘The high water level of a tidal wave is known as D (@) High wave front (©) High tide water (b) High tidal surf (d) High tide current (©) High tide water The low tide water is the (a) Level of tidal above 10 metres (©) Tide across the beach (b) Lowest level of a tide (d) The swirling movement of tide (b) Lowest level of a tide High tides are formed when (@) The sun and the moon make an angle of 30 degree with reference to the earth. (b) The sun, the earth and the moon are in the same. (©) The sun and the moon make an angle of 30 degree with reference to the earth. (@) The sun and the moon make an angle of 60 degree with reference to the earth. (b) The sun, the earth and the moon are in the same. Spring tides generally occurs on (a) new and full moon (©) seven days after new moon day (b) fourth and fifth day (d) five days after full moon day (@) new and full moon Neap tide occurs on the seventh or eighth day of every fortnight, when. (a) the sun, the earth and the moon are almost in the same line and the earth lies between the sun and the moon (b) the sun, the moon form an angle of 30 degree with respect to the earth. (c) the sun, the moon lies on the same side of the earth but they all are in one line, Moon are almost in the same line and the earth lies between the sun and the moon (4) the sun, the earth and the moon come in a position of quadrature.cq ee LOS ''’T Ans. (d) currents 13. Warm currents flow Ans. (b) From tropical to temperate zone 14. Cold currents flow Ans, (d) the sun, the earth and the moon come in a position of quadrature. 10. Ideally, every place should experience tide after 12 hours. However, each day the tide pets day, 26 minutes, because of the (@) Moon's rotation along its own axis (b) Moon’s location in between the sun and the earth (©) Earth’s quadrature position with respect to both sun and the moon (4) Earth’s revolution around the sun. Ans. (a) Moon’s rotation along its own axis 11. Tidal range keeps on changing depending on the (@) Rotation of moon around its own axis. (©) Location of the Moon and Sun, (©) Revolution of earth around the sun. (4) Rotation of earth around its own axi Ans. (c) Location of the Moon and Sun. 12, Larges masses of surface water that circulate in regular pattern around the oceans are called (@) tide (&) waves (0) surf @) currents (@) Within the tropical zone (©) From temperate to tropical zone (b) From tropical to temperate zone (a) From temperate to sub polar zone (@) From polar region to warm equatorial (©) From temperate to sub polar zone region (@) Within Polar region (b) From temperate to tropical zone Ans. (a) From polar region to warm equatorial region 35. As the speed of rotation is maximum near equator the ocean currents move in in te) northern hemisphere, | (a) upward direction (©) clockwise direction () circular motion (4) anti-clock wise direction Ans. (0) clockwise direction 16. Which of the following planetai xy wind forces Gulf Stream to the western coast of Europe as the Not Atlantic Drift? (a) Westerlies (© Monsoon wind (b) Easterlies (4) Trade wind Ans. (a) Westerlies 17. Which of the following region experience the strongest influence of monsoon wind? (@) North Arabian Sea (©) North Indian Ocean (b) Southern Pacific ocean (d) North Atlantic Ocean Ans. (c) North Indian Ocean 18. The wind that blow between the equator and the tropicis called (a) Westerlies (©) Monsoon wind (b) Easterlies (@) Trade wind Ans. (d) Trade wind 19. The North Equatorial Current that warms the easter coasts of Japan is known as (@) Peruvian Current (©) Benguela Current (b) Kuroshio Current (4) Bast Atlantic Current Ans. (b) Kuroshio CurrentAns. Ans: a 24 RE 2, Ans, 29, Hydrosphere | 105 ‘The cold current in the north Atlantic Ocean which flows from the south of Arctic Ocean along the Labrador and passes around Newfoundland is known as (a) Gulf Stream (©) Baffin Island current (0) Labrador current (4) North Atlantic Drift (b) Labrador current Which of the following region experience a cooling effect of cold Labrador Current? {a) South west coast of Europe (©) Canadian Atlantic Provinces (0) Labrador current (4) Baffin Island current {@) Canadian Atlantic Provinces ‘A part of North Atlantic Drift that flows southward along Spanish Coast is called (a) Greenland current (©) Kuroshio current (&) Gulf Stream (d) Canaries current (@) Canaries current ‘The warm current that deflected towards the east under the influence of Westerlies and the rotation of earth and reaches Europe as the North Atlantic Drift is known as (2) Benguela Current (©) Gulf Stream (&) Kuroshio Current (@) Baffin Island current (©) Gulf Stream The Gulf Stream originates from and exit through the Strait of Florida. (@) Gulf of Aden (©) Gulf of Alaska (0) Gulf of Mexico (d) Gulf of Bahrain (0) Gulf of Mexico The force that influence the ocean currents up to a large extent is (a) Coriolis force (©) Gravitational force of the sun () Gravitational force of the Earth (a) Gravitational force of the moon. (@) Coriolis force The ocean current that greatly influence the climate of the east coast of North America from Florida to Newfoundland and western Europe is called (a) Brazil Current (©) Canaries Current (b) North Equatorial Current (d) Gulf Stream (@) Gulf Stream ‘The North Atlantic Drift is a warm current that runs from, near Newfoundland to Western Europe. (a) Grand Bank (©) Western coast of South America (b) Bay of Bengal (a) Eastern coast of Australia - (a) Grand Bank The period of farthest distance between the moon and the earth is called ahd the period of nearest distance is called ___ respectively. (2) perigee, apogee, (©) solar distance, lunar distance (b) lunar distance, solar distance (a) apogee, perigee (@) apogee, perigee How many times a day the wate 2hours? (a) twice (a) twice 1+ at every place on the earth experience two tides and ebbs in (b) thrice (© 4 times: " (@)5 times 7 Wie .106 | ICSE Most Likely Question Lank =x q 30. An underground water stream that is saturated with water and transmit water readily is kno t (@) Aquifer &) silt (©) Dyke (@) Gutly Ans. (a) Aquifer 31. acces of fresh water available for human use is __ percent of the total amount presen fn (@) 008 &) 23 (©) 0.66 (407 Ans. (4) 07 32. The percentage of fresh water locked in the polar ice caps is (@) 008 ) 07 (© 23 (@) 06 Ans. (0) 23 33, Water on ground is the result of and seepage from underground that flows in the form of a river or stream and finally meets the sea. (@) Compaction (©) evaporation () Precipitation (a) condensation Ans. (b) Precipitation 54. About 97% of the earth’s water is in the oceans but unfit for human consumption and unfit for human ‘consumption because of (@) High salt content (© High iron content (b) High sulphur content (@) High aluminium content Ans. (a) High salt content 35. The earth appears blue from the outer space, because (@) 73% of the earth is covered by water (©) 79% of the earth is covered by water (©) 71% of the earth is covered by water (@) 80% of the earth is covered by water Ans. (b) 71% of the earth is covered by water 36. The waves are the movement in water manifested by alternate rise and fall ofthe sea surface. (@) Circular () Periodic (©) Oscillatory (@) Tertiary Ans. (0) Oscillatory 37. Which of the following region gets affected by the North Atlantic Drift (@) Eastern coast of Mediterranean sea (© Western coast of India () Eastern coast of South America (@) Western coast of Europe Ams. (4) Wester coast of Europe 38. The salinity of the ocean greatly influence the density of the ocean water. The higher the salinity the (@) density of the water decreases (©) density remains the same (©) density of the water increases (4) density increases up to a certain point and then decreases. ‘Ans. (c) density of the water increases 39, The land mass that divides the South Equatorial Currents into North Equatorial Current and Brazil Current is the (@) Cape of Good hope (©) Cape Sao Roque (&) Cape Hatteras (@) Cape of Rodon Ans. (©) Cape Sao Roqueao, Mate the following: Hydrosphere | 107 fq. [Warm Current (i) [Develops at the convergence of warm and cold current Jp. | Fos, (ii) | Develop where warm Gulf stream meets cold Labrador Current L [3, | British Isles (iii)_| Triggers rainfall in coastal area (4, | Hurricanes (iv) | Enjoys mild climate due to warm North Atlantic Drift (1.02.03. (6) 1. (ili) 2. 3. (iv) 4. Gi) @) 1.Gi)2.@) 3. a (a) 1. Gi) 2. (4) 3. (iv) 4. (iii) re @lh ii) 2. @), 3. (iv) 4. (ii), ii, Match te following: 7, ]Ocean Currents @ | Convergence of Kuroshio current with Oyashio cold current fp, | Warm current “The icebergs in cold current [3, | Danger to ship Facilitate trade throughout the year by keeping the harbor unfrozen | Dense fog in warm coast iv)_[ Triggers the growth of planktons (a) 1. iv) 2. 3. Gi) 4G (©) 1. (iii) 2. () 3. Gv) 4 Gi) (b) 1. Gil) 2. (4) 3. (ill) 4. (2) (a) 1. Giv) 2. (ii) 3. (ii) 4.) ans. (@) 1 (i) 2. (i) 3. i) 4.) 42. Match the following: 1. | Cape Sao Roque (i) _ | Changes the direction of currents from south-west to north-east. 2, | Monsoon winds (@)_[ South Equatorial Current 3, | Trade Winds (iii)_[ Lie at the upper 400m 4, [Surface current (iv)_[ Moves equatorial water pole wards shi (@ 1.Gv)2.@3. (© 1. Gi) 2. () 3. Gv) 4 Gi) i () 1. Gi) 2. @) 3. Gv) 4. (@) 1. Gv)2. Git) 3. G3) 4.) . ti) Ans. (b) 1. (ii) 2. (i) 3. (iv) 4. arian: AE 43, Match the following: ; ee hoa 1. | Kuroshio current (j)__ | Flow from Arctic Ocean to Bering Sea_ ‘ty eee] 2, | Oyashio current (i)__ | Have a cooling effect on Canaé Wy 3, | Labrador Current (iii)_| Potential source of renewable _ 4, | Gulf Stream| (iv) [Also known as Black Stream {a) 1. (iv) 2. (i) 3. (ii) 4. (iil) (© 1.()2. Gv) 3. (©) 1. (i) 2. @) 3. Gi) 4. @) Ans. (a) 1. (iv) 2. (i) 3. (i) 4 (ii) 44. Match the following: @ 1.2.03. ite 1. | Surface current (@®_ [90% of all water in 2. | Deep water current (Gi)_| 10% of all water in 3. | Neap tides (iii)_| Take place dur 4, | Spring tides (iv) [20% more (a) 1. (iv) 2. (ii) 3. (i) 4. (ii) ©. (b) 1. (ii) 2. (i) 3. (iv) 4. (ii) @1. Ans, (b) 1. (i) 2. (i) 3. (iv) 4. (il)