COVER PAGE

VOLUME 3
SECTORAL AND SPECIAL AREA STUDIES
Ref: HLURB Guidelines Vol.1 Part 3
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 DEMOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 POPULATION...................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 POPULATION CHANGE ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION .................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.1 Population per barangay ........................................................................................................... 2
1.3.2 Population density ..................................................................................................................... 3
1.4 POPULATION COMPOSITION ................................................................................................................. 4
1.4.1 Number of households and household size ............................................................................... 4
1.4.2 Age-sex composition.................................................................................................................. 5
1.4.3 Age dependency ratio ................................................................................................................ 6
1.5 ESTIMATES AND FUTURE PROJECTIONS ................................................................................................... 7
2 PHYSICAL RESOURCES/ ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................ 8
2.1 LOCATION AND LAND AREA .................................................................................................................. 8
2.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND SURFACE DRAINAGE ................................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Topography ............................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 Surface drainage ....................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 HYDROGEOLOGICAL FEATURES AND HAZARDS ........................................................................................ 12
2.3.1 Geology/rock formation .......................................................................................................... 12
2.3.2 Hydro-meteorological hazards ................................................................................................ 13
2.3.3 Geological hazards .................................................................................................................. 17
2.4 CLIMATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................ 20
2.4.1 Climate .................................................................................................................................... 20
2.4.2 Temperature and humidity ...................................................................................................... 20
2.4.3 Rainfall .................................................................................................................................... 20
2.5 CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER RISK PROJECTION ......................................... 20
2.5.1 Vulnerability and adaptability ................................................................................................. 21
2.5.2 Sensitivity analysis ................................................................................................................... 29
2.5.3 Perceived threats ..................................................................................................................... 30
2.5.4 Adaptive capacity .................................................................................................................... 31
2.6 GEO-HAZARD ASSESSMENT................................................................................................................. 31
2.6.1 Ground shaking ....................................................................................................................... 31
2.6.2 Liquefaction ............................................................................................................................. 33
2.6.3 Tsunami ................................................................................................................................... 33
2.7 IDENTIFICATION OF KEY RISK AREAS AND THREATS .................................................................................. 34
2.7.1 Climate related risks ................................................................................................................ 34
2.7.2 Geo-hazard risks ...................................................................................................................... 34
2.8 CONSERVATION AREAS AND OTHER SPECIAL INTEREST AREAS .................................................................... 35
2.8.1 Historical, cultural and natural heritage sites ......................................................................... 35
2.8.2 Wetlands ................................................................................................................................. 36
3 SOCIAL SECTOR............................................................................................................................... 37
3.1 HOUSING ........................................................................................................................................ 37
3.1.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 37
3.1.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 42
3.1.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 43
3.2 HEALTH .......................................................................................................................................... 43
3.2.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 43
3.2.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 48
3.2.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 49
3.3 EDUCATION ..................................................................................................................................... 50
3.3.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 50
3.3.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 54
3.3.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 55
3.4 PROTECTIVE SERVICES........................................................................................................................ 55
3.4.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 55

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 3.4.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 58
3.4.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 58
3.5 SPORTS AND RECREATION .................................................................................................................. 58
3.5.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 58
3.5.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 59
3.5.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 59
3.6 SOCIAL WELFARE .............................................................................................................................. 59
3.6.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 59
3.6.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 61
3.6.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 61
4 ECONOMIC SECTOR ........................................................................................................................ 62
4.1 INDUSTRY ........................................................................................................................................ 62
4.1.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 62
4.1.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 63
4.1.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 63
4.2 COMMERCE AND TRADE..................................................................................................................... 64
4.2.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 64
4.2.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 64
4.2.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 65
4.3 AGRICULTURE .................................................................................................................................. 65
4.3.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 65
4.3.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 66
4.3.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 67
4.4 TOURISM ........................................................................................................................................ 67
4.4.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 67
4.4.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 68
4.4.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 68
5 INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES SECTORS .................................................................................... 70
5.1 TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................... 70
5.1.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 70
5.1.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 74
5.1.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 75
5.2 FLOOD PROTECTION AND DRAINAGE .................................................................................................... 75
5.2.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 75
5.2.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 76
5.2.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 76
5.3 ENERGY .......................................................................................................................................... 76
5.3.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 76
5.3.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 77
5.3.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 77
5.4 WATER SUPPLY ................................................................................................................................ 78
5.4.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 78
5.4.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 78
5.4.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 78
5.5 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................. 78
5.5.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 78
5.5.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 79
5.5.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 79
5.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT............................................................................................................... 79
5.6.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 79
5.6.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 80
5.6.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 80
5.7 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................. 80
5.7.1 Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 80
5.7.2 Current and projected needs ................................................................................................... 81
5.7.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions ............................................................................ 81

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 LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Total Population per City and Municipality in NCR, 2015 .................................................. 1
Table 2. Population growth rates of NCR and its cities and municipality ........................................ 1
Table 3. Population by barangay ...................................................................................................... 2
Table 4. Population density by barangay, 2000, 2007, and 2015 .................................................... 3
Table 5. Household population and number of households per barangay, 2010 ........................... 5
Table 6. Age composition, 2015 ....................................................................................................... 6
Table 7. Age dependency ratio ........................................................................................................ 6
Table 8. Projected population .......................................................................................................... 7
Table 9. Slope features of the land .................................................................................................. 8
Table 10. List of rivers and creeks .................................................................................................... 9
Table 11. Basic Physiographical Distribution ................................................................................. 12
Table 12. Potentially affected population in hazard areas (flood)................................................. 21
Table 13. Potentially affected existing land uses in flood hazard areas ........................................ 22
Table 14. Risk evaluation of flood prone areas .............................................................................. 24
Table 15. Storm surge vulnerable areas......................................................................................... 27
Table 16. Sensitivity analysis of the social sector .......................................................................... 29
Table 17. Sensitivity analysis of the social sector .......................................................................... 29
Table 18. Sensitivity analysis of the infrastructure sector ............................................................. 29
Table 19. Sensitivity analysis of the environment sector............................................................... 30
Table 20. Sensitivity analysis of the land use sector ...................................................................... 30
Table 21. Perceived threat level..................................................................................................... 30
Table 22. Perceived adaptive capacity ........................................................................................... 31
Table 23. Critical facilities that may be affected by 7.2 magnitude WVF earthquake ................... 32
Table 24. Critical facilities that may be affected by 7.2 magnitude WVF earthquake ................... 32
Table 25. Tsunami vulnerable areas............................................................................................... 33
Table 26. Relative vulnerability by hazard ..................................................................................... 34
Table 27. Relative vulnerability by sector ...................................................................................... 34
Table 28. Risk level of barangays by type of geo-hazard ............................................................... 34
Table 29. Historic Landmarks in Valenzuela City............................................................................ 35
Table 30. Housing Situation for the last three census years .......................................................... 37
Table 31. New units due to displaced HHs, 2014 ........................................................................... 37
Table 32. Number of Informal Settler Families in 2015 ................................................................. 38
Table 33. Number of households by tenure status of the housing unit/lot, 2015 ........................ 41
Table 34. Inventory of Available Suitable Lands for Housing ......................................................... 41
Table 35. Summary of housing needs ............................................................................................ 42
Table 36. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 43
Table 37. Trends of Vital Health Indices, 2010-2015 ..................................................................... 43
Table 38. Ten leading causes of consultations in Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital, 2016 and
2017................................................................................................................................................ 44
Table 39. Ten leading causes of consultations in Valenzuela Medical Center, 2016 and 2017 ..... 44
Table 40. Ten leading causes of mortality in VCEH, 2017 .............................................................. 44
Table 41. Ten leading causes of mortality in Valenzuela Medical Center, 2017 ........................... 45
Table 42. City health facilities ........................................................................................................ 46
Table 43. Private Hospitals ............................................................................................................. 46

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Table 44. Key health personnel and ratio to population, 2017 ..................................................... 47
Table 45. Projected requirements for key health personnel ......................................................... 49
Table 46. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 49
Table 47. Indicators for Education Services, 2015 ......................................................................... 50
Table 48. Local Universities and Colleges ...................................................................................... 53
Table 49. Projected classroom and teacher requirements in public schools by level ................... 54
Table 50. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 55
Table 51. Comparison of crime statistics ....................................................................................... 55
Table 52.Comparison of solved and unsolved crimes .................................................................... 55
Table 53. Table Police-Population Ratio ........................................................................................ 56
Table 54. Projected protective personnel and equipment requirements ..................................... 58
Table 55. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 58
Table 56. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 59
Table 57. Social welfare programs and number of beneficiaries................................................... 60
Table 58. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 61
Table 59. Registered Manufacturing Industries in Valenzuela City, 2015 ..................................... 62
Table 60. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 63
Table 61. Registered Commercial Establishments in Valenzuela City, 2015 ................................. 64
Table 62. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 65
Table 63. Rice production per barangay in 2017 ........................................................................... 65
Table 64. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 67
Table 65. Resorts/Pavilions in Valenzuela City............................................................................... 67
Table 66. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 68
Table 67. Inventory of National Roads ........................................................................................... 70
Table 68. Local roads inventory 2017 ............................................................................................ 71
Table 69. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 75
Table 70. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 76
Table 71. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 77
Table 72. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 78
Table 73. Treatment/Storage/Disposal Facilities for Hazardous Wastes, 2008............................. 79
Table 74. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 79
Table 75. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 80
Table 76. ICT Services, 2015 ........................................................................................................... 81
Table 77. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions ................................................... 81

LIST OF MAPS
Map 1. Location Map ....................................................................................................................... 8
Map 2. Slope Map ............................................................................................................................ 9
Map 3. Major rivers ........................................................................................................................ 11
Map 4. Surface drainage map ........................................................................................................ 12
Map 5. Physiography map.............................................................................................................. 13
Map 6. Flood hazard map .............................................................................................................. 14
Map 7. Severe wind hazard map.................................................................................................... 15
Map 8. Storm surge hazard map .................................................................................................... 16
Map 9. West Valley Fault in relation to Valenzuela City ................................................................ 17
Map 10. Ground Shaking Hazard Map ........................................................................................... 18

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Map 11. Liquefaction hazard map ................................................................................................. 19
Map 12. Tsunami hazard map ........................................................................................................ 19
Map 13. Population’s exposure to flood ........................................................................................ 22
Map 14. Land uses’ exposure to flood ........................................................................................... 23
Map 15. Critical facilities exposure to flood .................................................................................. 24
Map 16. Critical lifeline infrastructures’ exposure to flood ........................................................... 25
Map 17. Population’s exposure to storm surge ............................................................................. 26
Map 18. Land uses’ exposure to storm surge ................................................................................ 26
Map 19. Critical facilities’ exposure to storm surge....................................................................... 27
Map 20. Critical lifeline infrastructures’’ exposure to storm surge ............................................... 28
Map 21. Location of informal settler families ................................................................................ 38
Map 22. Map of health facilities .................................................................................................... 47
Map 23. Map of cemeteries and memorial parks .......................................................................... 48
Map 24. Map of public elementary schools................................................................................... 51
Map 25. Map of public secondary schools..................................................................................... 51
Map 26. Map of private schools .................................................................................................... 52
Map 27. Map of tertiary schools .................................................................................................... 53
Map 28. Map of protective service facilities .................................................................................. 57
Map 29. Map of sports and recreation facilities ............................................................................ 59
Map 30. Map of social welfare facilities ........................................................................................ 60
Map 31. Density of industries per barangay .................................................................................. 63
Map 32. Map of fishponds ............................................................................................................. 66
Map 33. Map of tourist attractions and historical landmarks ....................................................... 68
Map 34. Road network map........................................................................................................... 72
Map 35. Map of public transportation terminals .......................................................................... 73
Map 36. Map of transmission lines ................................................................................................ 77

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Population pyramid ........................................................................................................... 6
Figure 2. Valenzuela Gateway Complex Central (VGC) Integrated Terminal ................................. 73

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 Valenzuela City
Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2019-2028
Volume 3. Sectoral and Special Area Studies

1 DEMOGRAPHY
1.1 Population

Valenzuela City had a population of 620,422 in 2015 based on the census report of the
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). The city’s population was the seventh largest in the
National Capital Region (NCR).

Table 1. Total Population per City and Municipality in NCR, 2015

City/municipality Number Share (%)
City of Las Piñas 588,894 4.6%
City of Makati 582,602 4.5%
City of Malabon 365,525 2.8%
City of Mandaluyong 386,276 3.0%
City of Manila 1,780,148 13.8%
City of Marikina 450,741 3.5%
City of Muntinlupa 504,509 3.9%
City of Navotas 249,463 1.9%
City of Parañaque 665,822 5.2%
City of Pasig 755,300 5.9%
City of San Juan 122,180 0.9%
City of Valenzuela 620,422 4.8%
Caloocan City 1,583,978 12.3%
Pasay City 416,522 3.2%
Pateros 63,840 0.5%
Quezon City 2,936,116 22.8%
Taguig City 804,915 6.3%
Total 12,877,253 100.0%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population and
Housing.

1.2 Population Change

The city’s average annual population growth rate from 2010 to 2015 was calculated to be
1.45% reflecting a slight slowdown of growth from 2000 to 2010. Nonetheless, Valenzuela
is the seventh fastest growing local government unit in the NCR from 2000 to 2015.

Table 2. Population growth rates of NCR and its cities and municipality
Population Growth Rate
Region/City/municipality
2010-2015 2000-2010
National Capital Region 1.58 1.78
City of Las Piñas 1.22 1.57
City of Makati 1.85 1.16
City of Malabon 0.65 0.42
City of Mandaluyong 3.12 1.67
City of Manila 1.43 0.44
City of Marikina 1.16 0.81

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Population Growth Rate

Region/City/municipality
2010-2015 2000-2010
City of Muntinlupa 1.78 1.95
City of Navotas 0.03 0.78
City of Parañaque 2.39 2.72
City of Pasig 2.31 2.86
City of San Juan 0.12 0.31
City of Valenzuela 1.45 1.71
Caloocan City 1.18 2.37
Pasay City 1.12 1.02
Pateros -0.09 1.12
Quezon City 1.17 2.42
Taguig City 4.32 3.26
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population and Housing.

1.3 Population Distribution

1.3.1 Population per barangay

The three most populated barangays in 2015 were Gen. T. De Leon, Marulas and Malinta
which are generally located at the city’s southern portion. Together, these three accounted
for almost 31% of the city’s total population.

Significant increases in population may be observed in the barangays at the city’s

northeast, namely, Bignay, Lingunan, and Punturin. Barangay Bignay’s population in 2015
is an increase of more than seven times its level in 2000. This may be due to the
establishment of residential areas in what were earlier agricultural and idle lands.
Decreases in population were, in turn, observed in barangays Dalandanan, Mabolo, and
Marulas.

The least populated barangays were Poblacion, Wawang Pulo and Mabolo which are at
the northwest portion of the city.

Table 3. Population by barangay

Barangay Population
2000 2007 2010 2015
Arkong Bato 8,632 8,170 9,999 10,004
Bagbaguin 12,468 11,954 12,441 13,770
Balangkas 8,919 10,663 10,794 11,892
Bignay 4,109 19,915 22,462 27,059
Bisig 1,173 1,262 1,295 1,333
Canumay East[1] 12,462
25,323 28,192 28,213
Canumay West[1] 22,215
Coloong 8,936 10,675 10,476 11,154
Dalandanan 21,810 17,920 17,348 18,733
Gen. T. de Leon 72,234 95,536 89,209 89,441
Isla 3,443 4,257 4,525 4,793
Karuhatan 36,590 37,750 37,748 40,996

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2019-2028
Volume 3. Sectoral and Special Area Studies

Barangay Population
2000 2007 2010 2015
Lawang Bato 13,237 14,770 16,395 19,301
Lingunan 11,875 14,661 17,436 21,217
Mabolo 1,438 1,465 1,379 1,217
Malanday 14,875 18,769 17,075 17,948
Malinta 43,770 44,042 46,231 48,397
Mapulang Lupa 19,294 23,400 23,617 27,354
Marulas 56,454 54,753 52,170 53,978
Maysan 21,539 26,993 24,251 24,293
Palasan 5,195 6,068 5,836 6,089
Parada 11,974 16,059 15,377 14,894
Pariancillo Villa 1,436 1,317 1,239 1,634
Paso de Blas 12,623 13,229 13,732 13,350
Pasolo 5,299 6,086 6,217 6,395
Poblacion 267 393 412 372
Pulo 1,001 1,130 1,162 1,103
Punturin 8,525 14,375 18,656 20,930
Rincon 5,009 6,152 6,419 6,603
Tagalag 2,687 3,272 3,212 3,209
Ugong 24,918 30,779 35,080 41,821
Veinte Reales 17,800 21,879 22,198 22,949
Wawang Pulo 2,580 3,042 2,752 3,516
Total 485,433 568,928 575,356 620,422
Note:
[1] It was 2012 when Canumay East and Canumay West were legally separated

through plebiscite and approved by the 17th Philippine Congress.

Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 and The Comprehensive Land Use
Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2009-2018.

1.3.2 Population density

The most densely populated barangays in 2015 were Pariancillo Villa, Malinta, and
Rincon. These three have exhibited increasing population densities since 2000. On the
other hand, densities in the fast growing barangays at the northeast increased at
astounding rates. The density in Barangay Bignay increased by more than 6 times from
2000 to 2015 while that of Punturin more than doubled.

Table 4. Population density by barangay, 2000, 2007, and 2015

Land Area (in Population Density (persons/ha)
Barangay
has) 2000 2007 2015
Arkong Bato 34.30 251.66 238.19 291.66
Bagbaguin 159.10 78.37 75.14 86.55
Balangkas 73.30 121.68 145.47 162.24
Bignay 268.80 15.29 74.09 100.67
Bisig 45.60 25.72 27.68 29.23
Canumay East [1] 113.78 85.32 94.99 109.53

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Land Area (in Population Density (persons/ha)

Barangay
has) 2000 2007 2015
Canumay West [1] 187.77 118.31
Coloong 223.80 39.93 47.70 49.84
Dalandanan 93.90 232.27 190.84 199.50
Gen. T. de Leon 366.90 196.88 260.39 243.77
Isla 39.60 86.94 107.50 121.04
Karuhatan 190.60 191.97 198.06 215.09
Lawang Bato 287.80 45.99 51.32 67.06
Lingunan 115.90 102.46 126.50 183.06
Mabolo 15.00 95.87 97.67 81.13
Malanday 295.60 50.32 63.49 60.72
Malinta 174.10 251.41 252.97 277.98
Mapulang Lupa 140.80 137.03 166.19 194.28
Marulas 224.70 251.24 243.67 240.22
Maysan 253.30 85.03 106.57 95.91
Palasan 15.60 333.01 388.97 390.32
Parada 80.60 148.56 199.24 184.79
Pariancillo Villa 5.00 287.20 263.40 326.80
Paso de Blas 155.00 81.44 85.35 86.13
Pasolo 79.50 66.65 76.55 80.44
Poblacion 3.40 78.53 115.59 109.41
Pulo 5.20 192.50 217.31 212.12
Punturin 162.20 52.56 88.63 129.04
Rincon 24.40 205.29 252.13 270.61
Tagalag 101.00 26.60 32.40 31.77
Ugong 307.20 81.11 100.19 136.14
Veinte Reales 192.90 92.28 113.42 118.97
Wawang Pulo 27.80 92.81 109.42 126.47
Total 4,464.45 [2] 108.86 127.58 138.97
Notes:
[1] The land area of Canumay in 2000 and 2007 was recorded to be 296.80 ha.
[2] The total land area of the city in 2007 was recorded to be 4,459.40 ha. The discrepancy arose during the

survey done for the partitioning of Canumay.

Sources: Philippine Statistics Authority. Census of Population and Housing 2015 and CPDO. 2018. Ecological
Profile 2017.

1.4 Population Composition

1.4.1 Number of households and household size

City-level data from the PSA show that the city had a household population of 619,324
and a total number of households of 153,041 excluding those in relocation areas in 2015.
This resulted to an average household size of about 4.

As there was no barangay-level data on household population and number of households

in 2015, their pattern of distribution may be observed from the 2010 census report of PSA.
The 2010 data showed that the household population was about 575,000 and the number

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2019-2028
Volume 3. Sectoral and Special Area Studies

of households was nearly 138,000 households. Barangay Gen. T. de Leon was recorded
to have the most number of households and accounted for nearly 15% of the city’s total.
The city-wide average household size during that year was also about 4.

Table 5. Household population and number of households per barangay, 2010

Average HH
Barangay HH population Number of HH
size
Arkong Bato 9,991 2,255 4.43
Bagbaguin 12,425 3,178 3.91
Balangkas 10,794 2,550 4.23
Bignay 22,462 5,015 4.48
Bisig 1,295 283 4.58
Canumay 28,213 7,300 3.86
Coloong 10,462 2,503 4.18
Dalandanan 17,348 4,047 4.29
Gen. T. de Leon 89,131 20,349 4.38
Isla 4,525 1,052 4.30
Karuhatan 37,737 9,140 4.13
Lawang Bato 16,395 4,148 3.95
Lingunan 17,436 4,328 4.03
Mabolo 1,379 365 3.78
Malanday 17,075 4,069 4.20
Malinta 45,975 10,851 4.24
Mapulang Lupa 23,605 5,951 3.97
Marulas 52,083 12,856 4.05
Maysan 24,251 5,928 4.09
Palasan 5,836 1,295 4.51
Parada 15,377 3,825 4.02
Pariancillo Villa 1,239 267 4.64
Paso de Blas 13,732 3,517 3.90
Pasolo 6,217 1,528 4.07
Poblacion 412 90 4.58
Pulo 1,162 252 4.61
Punturin 18,656 4,472 4.17
Rincon 6,419 1,642 3.91
Tagalag 3,212 695 4.62
Ugong 35,067 8,253 4.25
Veinte Reales 22,177 5,183 4.28
Wawang Pulo 2,752 647 4.25
Total 574,840 137,834 4.17
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority. Census of Population and Housing 2010.

1.4.2 Age-sex composition

In term of age groups, those in the working age group (15-64 years) had the largest share
accounting for almost 69% of the total. The proportions of males to females in this age
group to total population was also almost 69%. In turn, there were slightly more males in

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2019-2028
Volume 3. Sectoral and Special Area Studies

the young age group (0-14 years) and more females in the elderly group (65 years
onwards).

Table 6. Age composition, 2015

Age Bracket Population Count Male Female
0-14 years old [1] 172,289 89,247 83,042
15-64 years old [2] 426,788 215,421 211,367
65 years old and onwards [3] 21,345 8,751 12,594
Notes:
[1] Young age population.
[2] Working population (15 years old is allowed to work, provided that they obtained parental consent).
[3] Elderly population.

Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017.

Figure 1. Population pyramid

Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Philippine Statistics Authority Census of Population and
Housing 2015.

Having a share of 50.5% to total population, males slightly outnumbered the females in
terms of numbers in 2015. The sex ratio was calculated to be 102 meaning there were
102 males for every 100 females.

1.4.3 Age dependency ratio

The city’s Age Dependency Ratios implies that there is a significant number of young
dependents relying on the working age population. There are, however, fewer elderly
dependents as shown by the lower elderly dependency ratio.

Table 7. Age dependency ratio

Types Of Dependency Ratio of Dependency [1]
Total Dependency Ratio 16
Young Dependency Ratio (ages 0-14) 40
Elderly Dependency Ratio (65 years and older) 5
Note: [1] Per working population
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017.

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2019-2028
Volume 3. Sectoral and Special Area Studies

1.5 Estimates and Future Projections

The city’s population is projected to reach nearly 746,000 by 2028. This assumes that
there will be a slight slowdown in the annual growth rates, which is typical of mature cities,
from the current growth rate of 1.5% to 1.4% during the period 2023-2028.

Table 8. Projected population

Barangay 2018 [1] 2019 [1] 2023 [2] 2028 [3]
Arkong Bato 10,415 10,536 11,216 12,024
Bagbaguin 14,335 14,503 15,438 16,549
Balangkas 12,380 12,525 13,333 14,293
Bignay 28,169 28,499 30,337 32,521
Bisig 1,388 1,404 1,494 1,602
Canumay East 12,973 13,125 13,972 14,978
Canumay West 23,127 23,397 24,906 26,699
Coloong 11,612 11,748 12,506 13,406
Dalandanan 19,502 19,730 21,002 22,514
Gen. T. de Leon 93,112 94,201 100,276 107,495
Isla 4,990 5,048 5,373 5,760
Karuhatan 42,678 43,178 45,962 49,271
Lawang Bato 20,093 20,328 21,639 23,196
Lingunan 22,088 22,346 23,787 25,500
Mabolo 1,267 1,282 1,364 1,463
Malanday 18,685 18,903 20,122 21,571
Malinta 50,383 50,973 54,260 58,166
Mapulang Lupa 28,477 28,810 30,667 32,875
Marulas 56,193 56,851 60,518 64,874
Maysan 25,290 25,586 27,235 29,196
Palasan 6,339 6,413 6,826 7,318
Parada 15,505 15,687 16,699 17,901
Pariancillo Villa 1,701 1,721 1,832 1,963
Paso de Blas 13,898 14,060 14,967 16,044
Pasolo 6,657 6,735 7,170 7,686
Poblacion 387 392 417 447
Pulo 1,148 1,162 1,237 1,326
Punturin 21,789 22,044 23,465 25,154
Rincon 6,874 6,954 7,403 7,935
Tagalag 3,341 3,380 3,597 3,856
Ugong 43,537 44,047 46,887 50,263
Veinte Reales 23,891 24,170 25,729 27,581
Wawang Pulo 3,660 3,703 3,942 4,226
Total 645,884 653,441 695,582 745,656
Notes:
[1] Projected by CPDO using 1.44% AAGR.
[2] Projected by Consultant using same AAGR.
[3] Projected by Consultant using 1.40% AAGR.

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2 PHYSICAL RESOURCES/ ENVIRONMENT

2.1 Location and Land Area
Map 1. Location Map
Valenzuela City is situated on the
northern periphery of the NCR and 15
kilometers north of Manila proper. It
lies between 14° and 39’ and 14° and
48’ north latitude and 120° and 54’
and 121° and 2’ east longitude. It is
landlocked and is bound on the north
by the Municipality of Meycauayan
(Bulacan Province); on the east by
Kaloocan City (North) and Quezon
City; on the south and southwest by
the City of Malabon; and on the
northwest by the Municipality of
Obando (Bulacan Province).

It has an area of approximately

4,459.4 hectares, accounting for
about seven percent of the NCR’s
total land area. It is only about one-
fourth the size of Quezon City, the
largest city in Metro Manila, and
about 21 times larger than Pateros,
the smallest in the NCR.

2.2 Topography and surface drainage

2.2.1 Topography

The highest point of elevation in Valenzuela City is about 38 meters above sea level which
is located in Barangay Bignay. The rest of the city has an average elevation of two meters
above sea level. The city has level to gently undulating slopes ranging from zero to 12
percent: portions of Areas I, IV and V1 have slope ranges of zero to one percent; only
Barangays Lingunan, Malanday and Parada in Areas IV and V have slopes ranging from
one to two percent; and, Area II and portions of Areas I and III have slopes ranging from
two to 12 percent.

Table 9. Slope features of the land

Slope Range Area (in has.) % Share
Zero to one percent 2,126.20 47.68
One to two percent 492.1 11.04
Two to twelve percent 1,841.10 41.29
Total 4,459.40 100.00
Source: The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022 citing
the Office of the Commissioner for Planning, MMDA.

1 The city government grouped barangays into five areas for administrative purposes.

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Map 2. Slope Map

Source: CPDO

2.2.2 Surface drainage

There are four major rivers in the city, namely, Meycauyan River, Polo River, Coloong
River, and Tullahan River. Meycauayan River forms the city’s northern boundary with the
Province of Bulacan and the City of Kalookan (North). This river originates from Kalookan
after traversing the Bulacan towns of Sta. Maria, San Jose del Monte, Marilao,
Meycauayan, and Obando. Tullahan river, on the other hand, flows through Malabon City
and Valenzuela City and delineates the latter’s southern boundary.

Polo River is the largest river system found in Valenzuela City and extends to Coloong
River. These two rivers run across the north western and south western portions of the
city. Polo River is also connected to Tullahan River with only a floodgate and watershed
separating them.

Only the Meycauayan and Tullahan Rivers have been classified by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources. Both rivers are classified as having Class C2 waters.

Table 10. List of rivers and creeks

Area/ Barangay River/ Creek/ Waterway
Area 1
1. Bignay Bignay Creek
2. Canumay Canumay Creek

2 As per DAO No. 34 s. 1990, the beneficial use of Class C waters are: (a) Fishery Water for the propagation
and growth of fish and other aquatic resources; (b) Recreational Water Class II (Boating, etc.); and (c)
Industrial Water Supply Class I (For manufacturing processes after treatment).

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Area/ Barangay River/ Creek/ Waterway

Filrezam Creek (Creek Adjacent to Filrezam Subdivision) crossing T. Santiago St
3. Lawang Bato Sapang Bakaw Creek (traversing the barangays of Lawang Bato, Punturin, and
Bagbaguin)
Daang Malalim Creek, Traversing the barangays of Lawang Bato and Punturin.
4. Punturin Punturin-Bignay Creek (Creek between Punturin & Meycauayan boundary).
Area 2
1. Bagbaguin Bisalao Creek
De Castro Creek
PNCC Waterway
2. Mapulang Lupa De Castro Creek-Bisalao Creek traversing the barangays of Mapulang Lupa and
Paso de Blas.
San Agustin Creek
G. Angeles Creek
3. Paso de Blas Paso de Blas Creek
4. Ugong NPC Creek
Tullahan River
Area 3
1. Gen. T. de Leon Azicate-Independence Creek
Bahay Pari Bukid Creek (Waterway from Abalos Bukid passing through Dizon
Circle and Bahay Pari and going to Tullahan River.
Cabatuhan Creek
Caingin to Power line Creek
2. Karuhatan Ilang-ilang Creek
Fortune Creek (creek at the back of Simeon Doon Compd. from Fortune Village 1
3. Marulas Marulas Creek (Near Fatima Hospital crossing Mac Arthur Highway going through
F. Bautista area to the Tullahan River)
Serrano Creek (Creek Coming from the Tanada area passing through Little
Tagaytay and 7-11 driveway at the corner of Tamaraw Rd. and Mac Arthur
Highway.
Don Pedro Creek
Elysian Creek
De Gula Creek (near Jollibee Marulas branch)
Paso Tejero Creek
Market Site Creek/ Waterway (man-made waterway from San Miguel Hts. Going
through Kasaganaan St. and Lucina Subd. to the Marulas Public Market)
4. Parada Tata Andres Creek
Parada-Maysan Creek (traversing the barangays of Maysan and Parada)
P. de Guzman- Fortune 7 Creek
Hapay na Mangga Creek
Pugad Baboy Creek
Area 4
1. Lingunan Lingunan-Veinte Reales Creek traversing the barangays of Lingunan & Veinte
Reales.
Mayer’s Creek (at the side of Mayer’s Steel going to Meycauayan River)
P. Gregorio Creek (creek crossing P. Gregorio St. near Iglesia ni Cristo Chapel)
2. Malinta Balubaran Creek (at the side of Milagrosa Candle, crossing Mac Arthur Highway to
Marindal St.)
Bukid Creek ( at Malinta Bukid going to Maysilo River)
Dulong Tangke Creek

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Area/ Barangay River/ Creek/ Waterway

Mabuhay Creek (from Oreta Subd.)
PNR Waterway( Traversing the barangays of Malinta, Marulas, Dalandanan,
Karuhatan, Malanday and Veinte Reales)
3. Maysan Malabo Creek
Maysan Creek
Maysan-Canumay Creek (traversing the barangays of Maysan and Canumay)
4. Rincon Don Pablo Creek
Felo 1 Creek (From Felo 1 Subd. to Pasolo-Rincon Creek)
Pasolo-Rincon Creek (at the 1st Malinta Industrial Estate)
5. Veinte Reales Veinte Reales-Lingunan Creek
Area 5
1. Arkong Bato Polo River
2. Balangkas Valeriano Creek
Sebastian Creek
Polo River
3. Bisig Coloong River
Polo River
4. Coloong Coloong River
Meycauayan River (Pangkera Section)
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2009-2018.

Map 3. Major rivers

Source: CPDO

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Map 4. Surface drainage map

Source: CPDO

2.3 Hydrogeological Features and Hazards

2.3.1 Geology/rock formation

About 13.22% of Valenzuela is characterized by active tidal flats. These are mostly located
in Area V (Barangays Arkong Bato, Balangkas, Bisig, Coloong, Isla, Mabolo, Palasan,
Pariancillo Villa, Poblacion, Pulo, Tagalag and Wawang Pulo). Their low-lying topographic
locations and structurally inferior soils pose higher development costs due to land
reclamation requirements, high foundation costs to offset unstable soil, and indirect costs
on drainage infrastructure.

The eastern section of the city is, in turn, generally characterized by gently undulating
moderate dissected tuff lower piedmont. Mostly found in Areas I and II and portions of
Areas III and VI, these locations have more stable soils and are less prone to flooding.

Table 11. Basic Physiographical Distribution

Physiographical Feature Area (in has.) % Share
Gently Undulating Moderate Dissected Tuff
2,768.20 62.08
Lower Piedmont
Undulating Low Graded Tuffaceous Plateau 415.30 9.31
Former Tidal Flats 686.30 15.39
Active Tidal Flats 589.60 13.22
Total 4,459.40 100.00
Source: The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Valenzuela City 2009-2018 citing the Office of the
Commissioner for Planning, MMDA

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Map 5. Physiography map

Source: CPDO

2.3.2 Hydro-meteorological hazards

Hydro-meteorological hazards affecting the city were identified in the city’s Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Plan (DRRMP) 2013-2030 and the Local Climate Change
Action Plan (LCCAP) 2017-2022. These include flood, storm surge, severe wind, and
temperature rise.

Flood

The western part of the city is historically prone to flooding particularly from Barangay
Tagalag to Isla. This part of the city is comprised mainly of tidal flats or former tidal flats
with elevations of only one to five meters above sea level. 3 The soil physiography may
explain the prolonged flooding in the area during the rainy season and during tidal shifts.
Flooding has also been attributed to the accumulation of rainwater which cannot rapidly
subside due to increased water levels in the Meycauyan River.

This area also gets flooded whenever earth dikes along the said river that are within the
City of Meycauayan and Municipality of Obando, and the earth dike along Santolan river
in Malabon City, are breached. During such occasions, the area is affected by continuous
flooding until the breached earth dikes are repaired.4

There were also recorded instances of flash floods in Dulong Tangke in Barangay Malinta,
Riverside and Sitio Cabatuhan area in Barangay Ugong and in the A. Fernando-R. Delfin,

3 The Local Climate Change Action Plan of City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

4 Ibid.

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Elysian and Packweld areas in Marulas. Historically, flash floods only occur in the city
when high tide, heavy rains due to typhoon, and breaches in the dikes simultaneously
occur. Such events cause water from the upstream of Tullahan River in Quezon City and
Kalookan City to surge rapidly. The high volume of water is forced into the lower portion
of Tullahan River and spills over to Valenzuela City.5

Map 6. Flood hazard map

Source: CPDO

VALENZUELA CITY
FLOOD HAZARD MAP

Severe wind

Both densely built-up areas and less built-up areas in the city are prone to wind damages.
In less built-up areas, there are large open areas (open fields and fishponds) that are
without wind brakes such as trees and tall buildings and where the average structures are
lightly built. In the densely built areas of the city, there are high structures that are prone
to wind damages. These include, among others, high rise buildings, high tension wires,
cell site towers and masts, and billboards.6

Among the strongest recorded winds in Valenzuela was during Typhoon Rosing in which
affected the National Capital Region in 1995. Maintained winds were measured at 240 kph
for 60 hours and caused PhP10.8 billion damages and 935 deaths.7

5 Ibid.
6 Ibid.
7 CPDO. Valenzuela Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment.

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Map 7. Severe wind hazard map

Source: Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment

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Storm surge

Historically, there is no recorded incident of storm surges from the Manila Bay damaging
areas in the city. The last time storm surges occur in the Manila Bay was during Typhoon
Pedring in September 2011, where waves up to 1.8 meters high inundated the Baywalk
along Roxas Blvd. and deposited tons of garbage in its wake. Based on PHIVOLC’s
(GMMA) Risk Analysis Project (RAP) Hazard Map, if a tropical cyclone with wind speed of
54 kph to 117 kph and over will occur in the area of NCR, six barangays of Valenzuela
City will be Moderately Susceptible to storm surges coming from the Manila Bay Area.
About 248 hectares 5.56% of the total land area of the City will be flooded and 28,278 or
roughly 5% of the city’s total population will be affected.

In the case of a storm surge scenario illustrated the GMMA Ready Hazard Map, travel
along the 1.84 km. stretch of M .H. Del Pilar Road (from Arkong Bato to Polo Bridge) will
be greatly affected along with three of the city’s vital flood control facilities. About 23 of the
city’s designated evacuation facilities which include 6 public schools and 10 government
facilities may likewise be affected. Social services may also be hampered with 9 health
and day care centers, a police station and a fire station in the area affected by flooding
brought by the storm surge.

Map 8. Storm surge hazard map

Source: CPDO

VALENZUELA CITY
STORM SURGE HAZARD MAP

Temperature rise

There is an increasing trend in the observed temperature based on records available from
1961-2013. The average Annual Mean Temperature measured in Science Garden in
Quezon City is equal to 1.46 C. There is also an increase in the number of days with
temperature measured is greater than 35 C. Hotter days and warmer nights as well as

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less cold days during the months of December, January and February are being
experienced. 8

Due to increasing temperature, decrease in precipitation due to climate change, and

increasing frequency of El Niño events, drought or shortage of water supply during the dry
seasons may occur regularly. Projected changes in temperature indicate that drier
seasons will become drier in the northern part of the NCR including KAMANAVA area.

2.3.3 Geological hazards

Geological hazards in the city are mainly related to earthquakes. There are reportedly
three earthquake scenarios that may cause damage to the city. These are: i) a magnitude
7.2 West Valley Fault (WVF) earthquake; ii) a magnitude 7.9 Manila Trench Earthquake;
and iii) a model of the 1863 Manila Bay Earthquake. The first scenario is considered to be
the most likely since the WVF is “already considered to be nearing its active phase.”9

Map 9. West Valley Fault in relation to Valenzuela City

Source: https://ecoslva1.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/marikina-valley-fault

West Valley
Fault

Ground shaking

The primary cause of casualties and damage during earthquakes is ground shaking which
is measured through the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology’s
(PHIVOLCS) Earthquake Intensity Scale. A magnitude 7.2 WVF earthquake will result to
Intensity Low 8 earthquake category (very destructive) according to PEIS’s scale which
may affect the entire city.

8 The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

9
Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment.

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Map 10. Ground Shaking Hazard Map

Source: CPDO

Liquefaction

Based on PHIVOLCS’s projection, liquefaction due to earthquake may affect the north-
wester portion of the city. While there has been no recorded history of liquefaction in these
areas, high ground subsidence of about 10.6 cm per year has been reported in these
areas. The high rate of ground subsidence was also attributed to the intensive use of
groundwater.10

Tsunami

It was also projected by PHIVOLCS that the western portion of the city is moderately
susceptible to tsunami-generated surges coming from Manila Bay under the following
scenarios:

 An 8.3 magnitude earthquake at the Manila Trench.

 An estimated tsunami height in Manila Bay of 3.5 m (mean sea level) or at 5.5 m during
high tide (+2 m from high tide).

The projected tsunami is expected to arrive at the coastal area of Manila Bay within one
hour after the initial earthquake. It is expected that the affected areas in the city will
experience a sudden increase in water level from about 0.5 m to 1.5 m and rushing flood
waters may bring along solid debris.

10 CPDO. Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Valenzuela City 2009-2018 citing Monitoring of Valley Fault
system and land subsidence in Metro Manila, Republic of the Philippines by InSAR and levelling survey
(http://www.cprm.gov.br/33IGC/1312304.html).

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Map 11. Liquefaction hazard map

Source: CPDO

VALENZUELA CITY
LIQUEFACTION HAZARD MAP

Map 12. Tsunami hazard map

Source: CPDO

VALENZUELA CITY
TSUNAMI HAZARD MAP

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Fires, explosions, and discharge of hazardous materials

Secondary impacts of earthquakes include incidents of fire, explosion, and discharge of

hazardous materials. According to the results of the Metro Manila Earthquake Impact
Reduction Study (MMEIRS) conducted in 2004, the city may be classified as a low to
slightly low (1-2) flammable area due to the presence of vacant and idle open spaces and
structures made of concrete.

The city was, however, rated as having high susceptibility to explosions that may result
from ground shaking due to the presence of several hazardous industrial facilities. On the
overall, the city was rated as having generally moderate to slightly high risk in terms of
fires that may be caused by magnitude 7.2 earthquake.11

2.4 Climatological Conditions

2.4.1 Climate

Based on the Modified Coronas Classification of Philippine climate which gives emphasis
on season type, the city falls under Type I climate. It has two pronounced seasons which
is dry from November to April and wet for the rest of the year.

2.4.2 Temperature and humidity

The annual average temperature in the city ranges from 22.4 °C to 31.8 °C with a mean
of 27.1 °C. The highest temperature was recorded during the month of April at 34.8 °C
while the lowest was in the month of January at 20.1 °C.

Relative humidity, on the other hand, varies from 65 to 85 percent with an average of 77
percent. Humidity is low from December to May due to the northwest monsoon and trade
winds and high from June to November due to the southwest monsoon.

2.4.3 Rainfall

It is estimated that the city has 149 rainy days in a year with an average rainfall of 2,431.9
millimeters. The highest rainfall recorded was during the month of August (517.1mm) while
the lowest was recorded during the month of February (7.4mm).

2.5 Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and Disaster Risk Projection

The Local Climate Change Action Plan of City of Valenzuela (LCCAP) 2017-2022 provided
an assessment of the vulnerabilities of key development sectors to climate change and
disaster risk. These sectors include social, economic, infrastructure, environment, and
land use whose vulnerabilities where assessed against flooding, typhoons and storm
surge, and temperature increase/drought. The highlights of this assessment are
summarized below.12

11Valenzuela Disaster and City Climate Risk Assessment citing MMEIRS.

12For more detailed information and analysis on the city’s climate change vulnerability, please refer to LCCAP
2017-2022.

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2.5.1 Vulnerability and adaptability

Flood

Affected population and land uses

Flood hazards potentially affect nearly 190,000 of the city’s population. It was noted in
LCCAP 2017-2022 that “the highest flooding reported were not in the western flood prone
areas which are regularly flooded during heavy inundations, but in areas near the
tributaries of the Meycauayan River and areas along the Tullahan River.” The highest
floods recorded during Typhoon Ondoy in 2009 3.75 m in barangay Marulas near the
Tullahan River while flood depths reached 3.00 m in barangay Veinte Reales during
Typhoon Habagat in 2012.

Table 12. Potentially affected population in hazard areas (flood)

Estimated affected
Barangay population
(based on 2015 NSO)
1 Arkong Bato 10,004
2 Balangkas 11,892
3 Bisig 1,333
4 Coloong 11,154
5 Dalandanan 18,733
6 Gen. T. de Leon 2,768
7 Isla 4,793
8 Karuhatan 5,605
9 Lingunan 18,315
10 Mabolo 1,217
11 Malanday 17,498
12 Malinta 11,219
13 Marulas 14,555
14 Maysan 9.155
15 Palasan 6,089
16 Parada 179
17 Pariancillo Villa 1,634
18 Pasolo 6,395
19 Poblacion 372
20 Pulo 1,103
21 Rincon 6,603
22 Tagalag 3,209
23 Ugong 728
23 Veinte Reales 22,949
25 Wawang Pulo 3,516
Total 189,708
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

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Map 13. Population’s exposure to flood

Source: CPDO

The extent of flood affected areas is about 1,700 hectares, a great proportion of which are
formal residential settlements and fishponds.

Table 13. Potentially affected existing land uses in flood hazard areas
Flood hazard areas (in
Land use
hectares)
Formal residential settlement 533.03
Informal settlement 39.33
Commercial 71.38
Industrial 210.46
Institutional 19.73
Fishponds 345.79
Vacant 224.46
Swamp 71.89
Cemetery 12.88
Utilities 11.69
Roads 85.79
Railroads 7.23
Parks 4.06
Rivers 73.40
Easements 7.03
Total 1,718.15
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2030.

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Map 14. Land uses’ exposure to flood

Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2030.

Affected critical facilities and infrastructures

Flooding affects some of the city’s critical facilities which include:13

 Forty four (44) Evacuation Centers mostly in the western portion of the city. The
buildings themselves are not flooded but the immediately surrounding areas are which
makes access to them difficult.
 Four hospitals, three of which are privately located along McArthur Highway in
barangays Marulas and Malanday and the other is the city government-owned
Valenzuela City General Hospital (VCGH) along G. Lazaro St. in Barangay
Dalandanan. VCGH itself is not flooded but inundation in its surrounding areas also
makes access difficult.
 Forty (40) government facilities such as Barangay Halls and Covered Courts some of
which are also used as Evacuation Centers. Also affected are Public Markets and the
SWM Transfer Station in barangay Lingunan.
 Twenty nine (29) Health Centers and Daycare Centers almost all of which are located
in the western part of the city.
 Police Community Precinct 5 along M.H. del Pilar Road and Fire Station at the 3S
Center both of which are in barangay Poblacion.

Critical lifeline infrastructures that are affected by flood include:

 Three national roads are very susceptible to flooding which include M.H. del Pilar Road,
Coloong Road, and G. Lazaro Road.
13An inventory of affected critical facilities and lifeline infrastructure according to each hazard are provide in
the city’s Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment report.

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 Four national roads are partially susceptible to flooding which include McArthur
Highway, Maysan-Novaliches Road, T. Santiago Road, and Karuhatan-GTDL Road
whose low-lying portions become submerged during flood events.
 About twenty bridges which include the two hanging bridges across Tullahan River in
barangay Ugong which are used by urban poor communities.

Risk evaluation

The levels of risk of areas affected by flood were categorized in LCCAP 2017-2022 and
summarized in the table below:

Table 14. Risk evaluation of flood prone areas

Risk level Location Description
High risk susceptibility to Western area. Soil physiography, being Tidal Flats
flooding during rainy and Former Tidal Flats, may explain
season and tidal shifts. the prolonged flooding in the area.
Low risk susceptibility to Southern barangays Low susceptibility to tidal flooding
tidal flooding and prolonged (Marulas, G.T. de Leon, due to relatively higher elevation but
period of flooding but high Karuhatan, and Ugong) high susceptibility to flash flooding
risk susceptibility to flash especially areas adjacent during overflow of Tullahan River
flooding. to Tullahan River. and La Mesa Dam due to strong and
prolonged rainfall.
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

Map 15. Critical facilities exposure to flood

Source: CPDO

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Map 16. Critical lifeline infrastructures’ exposure to flood

Source: CPDO

Severe wind

Risk assessment

The average wind speed in the various barangays ranges from a low of 121.24 kph in
barangay Marulas to a high of 159.89 kph in barangay Tagalag. Cost of damages due to
Severe Winds which range from 140 kph to 159 kph were estimated to be highest in
barangay Bisig at about Php 315 million per sq.km. and lowest in barangay Pulo at about
Php 4 million per sq.km.

Wind damaged prone area

Buildings and structures in both densely built-up and less built-up areas may sustain
damages in the event of Severe Wind. Those that are most likely to be affected in the
former include among others high rise buildings, high tension wires, cell site towers and
masts, and billboards. Average structures are lightly constructed in the less built-up areas
such as open fields and fishponds which are prone to damages since they lack enough
wind barriers.

Storm surge

Affected population and land uses

There has been no recorded incident of storm surge in the city. However, in the event that
this occurs under a scenario of a tropical cyclone with wind speed of 54 kph to 117 kph
that will affect the NCR, six barangays of the city will be Moderately Susceptible to storm

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surges coming from the Manila Bay area. The affected area may reach about 248 hectares
and nearly 34,000 of the population may be affected.

Map 17. Population’s exposure to storm surge

Source: CPDO

Map 18. Land uses’ exposure to storm surge

Source: CPDO

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Table 15. Storm surge vulnerable areas

Moderate susceptibility areas
Barangay Persons (no. of
Area (has.)
individuals)
1 Arkong Bato 10,004 17.21
2 Balangkas 11,892 142.11
3 Palasan 6,089 29.19
4 Pariancillo Villa 1,634 16.12
5 Poblacion 372 1.98
6 Wawang Pulo 3,516 41.34
Total 33,507 247.95
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

Affected critical facilities and lifeline infrastructures

The following critical facilities and lifeline infrastructures may be affected by storm surge:

 Twenty three (23) evacuation facilities which include 6 public schools and 10
government facilities.
 Nine (9) health and day care facilities.
 One (1) police station.
 One (1) fire station.
 Three (3) of the city’s vital flood control facilities.
 1.84 km. of M.H. del Pilar Street from Arkong Bato to Polo Bridge.

Map 19. Critical facilities’ exposure to storm surge

Source: CPDO

VALENZUELA CITY
CRITICAL FACILITIES &
STORM SURGE OVERLAY
EXPOSURE MAP

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Map 20. Critical lifeline infrastructures’’ exposure to storm surge

Source: CPDO

Risk evaluation

Barangays at the city’s western portion are susceptible to storm surge risks. The eastern
portion of the city is protected by the Polo River which acts as a flood barrier. The
prevention of flood from going eastwards is further complemented by flood gates in
Wawang Pulo, Pangkera, and Longos which prevent back flow from the Meycauyan River
that may cause flooding in these areas.

Temperature rise

Recorded mean temperatures in the last 5 decades have been reported to be increasing
at an annual rate of 1.46°C. The daily occurrence of temperatures greater than 35° C has
likewise been reported to be on the increase. There are hotter days and warmer nights as
well as less colder days during December, January, and February. There is probability
that of a high recurrence of such events. The projected increase in the monthly mean
temperature ranges from 0.70 C to 12 C in 2020 and from 1.7 C to 2.4 C in 2050.

The increasing temperature has resulted to the more frequent occurrence of typhoons.
Further increases in global temperature may result to more frequent and stronger
typhoons.

Another effect of increasing temperature coupled with decrease in rainfall is drought. The
increasing frequency of El Niño events may cause the water level in La Mesa Dam to
reach critical levels resulting to water shortages in the city.

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2.5.2 Sensitivity analysis

The sensitivities of the various development sectors of Social, to each of the hazards were
also analyzed in LCCAP 2017-2022. The results are summarized in the following tables.

Table 16. Sensitivity analysis of the social sector

Hazard Sensitivity
Flooding 25 of 33 barangays and 38,000 households in both formal and informal housing areas
due to:
 Clogged drainage due to improper waste disposal.
 Settlements in low-lying areas and waterways.
 Settlements in danger zones (under power lines).
 Weak housing materials.
 Number of government facilities affected during flooding.
 Population below poverty ratio.
 Unemployment ratio in poor communities.
 Volume of solid wastes ending up in waterways.
 Diseases due to poor sanitation.
Typhoon and storm  Families living along waterway easements with makeshift houses made of
surge temporary or semi-permanent materials.
Drought  Families engaged in crop production and aquaculture.
 Young (0 to 9 years of age), elderly, and people with cardio-vascular conditions.
 Shortages in the supply of potable water supply may affect barangays with high
densities as well as in informal settlements.
 Urban green spaces may be reduced.
 Incidence of fires may increase.
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

Table 17. Sensitivity analysis of the social sector

Hazard Sensitivity
Flooding  Caused by increased volume of rainwater, siltation and blockage of natural and
man-made drainage systems, and unregulated developments.
 Affected economic sectors include the commercial, manufacturing, crop production,
and aquaculture.
 Effects include damages to assets, interruption of operations, and lowering of
productivity.
Typhoon and storm  Fishponds in the city’s northwestern portion and industries along Meycauayan River
surge are the most affected.
 Due to illegal structures along rivers, creeks, and waterways, clogging of waterways
due to dumping of solid wasters, and inadequate drainage systems.
Drought  Most at risk are those engaged in crop production, aquaculture and livestock
production as well as commerce and industry.
 Due to water shortages that will hamper production and operations.
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

Table 18. Sensitivity analysis of the infrastructure sector

Hazard Sensitivity
Flooding, typhoon,  Those susceptible include major roads, utilities, and facilities.
and storm surge  Due to locations in low-lying areas and near waterways, old and defective systems,
inadequacy of drainage systems, defective water supply and power lines, and
increasing volume of traffic in the city’s roads.
Temperature  Also the city’s infrastructure, facilities, and utilities.
increase/ drought  Can cause the weakening of the structural integrity of structures, and increase the
demand for utility services such as water and power supply.
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

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Table 19. Sensitivity analysis of the environment sector

Hazard Sensitivity
Flooding  Natural waterways that are most at risk are Tullahan and Meycauyan Rivers.
 Due to heavy siltation, sedimentation, scouring, indiscriminate dumping of waste,
and the proliferation of illegal structures on the riverbanks.
Typhoon and storm  Most at risk are the wetland areas near the Polo River such as those in Barangays
surge Balangkas, Bisig, Tagalag, and Wawang Pulo.
 Due to continuous loss of natural habitats, encroachment along easements and
waterways, and pollution from industries and households.
Drought  At risk are the city’s wetland area, bird sanctuary, and river ecosystem.
 Due to the expansion of urban development into these areas, pollution, over
extraction of ground water, and siltation, among others.
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

Table 20. Sensitivity analysis of the land use sector

Hazard Sensitivity
Flooding Affects several land sues including:
 About 573 hectares of formal and informal settlements at the city’s western portion.
 About 71 hectares of commercial and 2,010 hectares of industrial lands.
 Other land uses including public parks, cemeteries.
 Public offices such as the barangay halls near the city’s border with Malabon City
and Municipality of Obando in Bulacan.
Typhoon and storm  Areas most susceptible to are the fishponds at the western portion of the city.
surge  Also affected are high density development areas, particularly the informal
settlements located under the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines’ (NGCP)
power lines in Barangays Marulas, Gen. T. de Leon, and Mapulang Lupa.
Drought  All types of land uses cited above.
 Risks are aggravated by the declining quality of the natural environment and
unregulated developments.
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

2.5.3 Perceived threats

The LCCAP rated the threat level of the city to the above hazards to range from medium
to medium-high. The highest rated threat was drought, followed by typhoons, flooding and
storm surges. Drought was the foremost threat due to the nature of the resources that
were identified to be at risk. It can adversely impact the city’s potable water supply system
and natural resources thus affecting public health as well as the overall economy.

The sectors that were determined to be most at risk from the identified hazards were
environment and land use. Risks to the environment were attributed to the fragility of
natural resources and uncontrolled urban development. The relatively high rating of the
land use sector, in turn, was due to the magnitude of affected areas.

Table 21. Perceived threat level

Average
Sector Flooding Typhoon Storm Surge Drought
threat level
Social 2 3 1 2 2
Economic 2 1 1 3 1.75
Infrastructure 1 2 1 1 1.25
Land use 3 3 1 3 2.5
Environment 3.5 3 1 3.5 2.75
City wide/ 2.3 2.4 1 2.5 2.05
average.
Note: 5 = high; 1 = low
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

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2.5.4 Adaptive capacity

The city’s adaptive capacity is more focused on addressing the impacts of typhoon and
flooding through structural measures such as flood control and drainage and non-
structural measures such as emergency response mechanisms. However, the adaptive
capacity with regard to drought and sea level rise was perceived to be low since the
impacts of these hazards are not immediate as compared to floods and typhoons. Thus,
there have been minimal investments that have been put to address these.

The infrastructure sector’s capacity was rated as the highest among the sectors that were
analyzed in LCCAP 2017-2022. This was attributed to the strong focus of the city
government in providing structural solutions to address water-related hazards. The social
and environment sectors were rated to have the lowest adaptive capacities.

Table 22. Perceived adaptive capacity

Storm Average adaptive
Sector Flooding Typhoon Drought
Surge capacity
Social 4.5 4.5 5 4 4.5
Economic 5 5 5 5 5
Infrastructure 5 5 5 4 4.75
Land use 5 5 5 5 5
Environment 4 4 5 4 4.25
City wide/ 4.7 4.7 5 4.4 4.7
average.
Note: 5 = high; 1 = low
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

2.6 Geo-hazard Assessment

2.6.1 Ground shaking

The city was projected to have moderate levels of risk in terms of damaged structures,
casualties, and economic losses in the event of 7.2 magnitude WVF earthquake. The
highest risks were projected to be in barangays Canumay and Lawang Bato due to the
presence of many industries and in Gen. T. de Leon, Karuhatan, Marulas, and Maysan
being densely built-up mixed-use areas.14

The city’s Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment report further provided the following:

 Canumay may have the highest economic loss for Valenzuela with damages to
structures costing to approximately P12,032 million. Land use is mostly industrial with
48.06% of total barangay area.
 Gen. T. de Leon may suffer the most number of casualties with an estimated 246 deaths
and 4,177 injuries, as well as most number of damaged structures. Land use is
generally residential areas which comprise 77.53% of the total barangay area.
Residential areas is composed of 284.47 ha. of formal settlements and 2.79 ha. of
informal settlements.
 Karuhatan may also experience relatively higher damages to structures, economic
losses and casualties compared to other barangays. It is composed of several land
uses such as industrial with 31.3 ha. (14.2%), utilities/transportation with 16.94 ha.
(8.89%), residential with 94.82 ha. (49.75%), and commercial with 19.08 ha. (10.01%).

14
CPDO. Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment citing information from GMMA-RAP.

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 Marulas may also accrue higher damages to structures, and casualties. It may also
accumulate P10,243 million of damages to structures during the event. Its land uses
comprise mostly residential (49.05%), as well as some commercial (7.33%) and
industrial (17.33%) uses.
 Maysan may accrue high damage to structures and economic losses amounting to
P11,442 million. The land use of the barangay is predominantly residential with
86.07has (33.98%) and industrial with 53.39has (20.94%).

Critical facilities and lifeline infrastructures that may be affected are given in the tables
below:

Table 23. Critical facilities that may be affected by 7.2 magnitude WVF earthquake
Critical facility Description
Schools  27 private pre-schools in District 1 and 45 in District 2.
 27 private elementary schools in District 1 and 39 in District 2.
 12 public elementary schools in the North District, nine in the
Central District, nine in the East District, and eight in the South
District.
 16 private secondary schools in District 1 and 23 in District 2.
 9 tertiary schools.
 11 technical schools.
Barangay halls  33 barangay halls.
Health centers  26 in District 1 and 18 in District 2.
Satellite health stations  3 satellite health stations.
Covered courts  15 covered courts.
Day care centers  22 day care centers.
Markets  3 public markets.
Flea markets  13 flea markets.
Private markets  16 private markets.
Dumpsite  Lingunan dumpsite.
Hospitals  Public hospitals.
 6 private hospitals.
Health clinics  3 health clinics.
Cemeteries  Private cemeteries.
 10 public cemeteries.
Note: The names and locations of the above are given in the city’s Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment
report.
Source: CPDO. Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment.

Table 24. Critical facilities that may be affected by 7.2 magnitude WVF earthquake
Lifeline infrastructure Description
Bridges  9 bridges.
Flood control  Flood gates.
 9 pumping stations.
 4 dikes.
Fuel stations  9 fuel stations.
Others  Transportation services.
 Communication services.
 Power services.
 Water services.
Note: The names and locations of the above are given in the city’s Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment
report.
Source: CPDO. Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment.

On the overall, the projection is that there may Php134,000 million cost of damages,
30,000 people injured, and 2,000 fatalities. Additional damages and injuries may further

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result from secondary impacts such as fire and explosions. Evacuation may become
difficult in portions of the city having narrow streets.

With regard to adaptive capacities, all barangays were reported to have access to financial
assistance and information on earthquake safety and evacuation procedures. The city also
has good capacity in terms of implementing relevant building and zoning regulations.

2.6.2 Liquefaction

Still assuming the occurrence of a 7.2 magnitude WVF earthquake, it was projected in the
city’s Disaster and Climate Risk assessment report that damages due to liquefaction may
be to the amount of Php34,798 million across 20 affected barangays. Liquefaction may
also affect critical lifeline infrastructures such as flood gates and dikes that may cause
additional losses and injuries due to sudden flooding.

2.6.3 Tsunami

An estimated 1,477 has. in the city has been projected to be flooded in the event of the
sudden swelling of water from the rivers due to a tsunami in Manila Bay. This may affect
about 150,000 of the city’s population.

Table 25. Tsunami vulnerable areas

Moderate Susceptibility
High Susceptibility Area Low Susceptibility Area
Area
Barangay Persons Persons Persons
(No. of Area (has) (No. of Area (has) (No. of Area (has)
Individuals) Individuals) Individuals)
1 Arkong Bato 10,531 34.30 0 0 0 0
2 Balangkas 11,368 159.10 0 0 0 0
3 Bisig 1,364 45.60 0 0 0 0
4 Coloong 0 0 11,034 223.80 0 0
5 Dalandanan 0 0 12,114 62.121 0 0
6 Karuhatan 0 0 0 0 8,674 41.50
7 Isla 0 0 4,766 190.60 0 0
8 Mabolo 1,452 15.00 0 0 0 0
9 Malanday 0 0 17,984 295.60 0 0
10 Malinta 0 0 42,048 150.17 0 0
11 Marulas 0 0 0 0 3,018 12.32
12 Palasan 6,147 15.60 0 0 0 0
13 Pariancillo 1305 5.00 0 0 0 0
Villa
14 Pasolo 0 0 6,548 79.50 0 0
15 Poblacion 434 3.40 0 0 0 0
16 Pulo 1,224 5.20 0 0 0 0
17 Rincon 0 0 6,761 24.40 0 0
18 Tagalag 3,383 101.00 0 0 0 0
19 Wawang Pulo 2,898 27.80 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 40,106 412.00 112,947 1,026.191 11,692.00 53.82
Source: CPDO. Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment.

Critical facilities and lifeline infrastructures that may be affected by flooding caused by
tsunami include the following:

 M.H. del Pilar Street from Arkong Bato to Malanday.

 Flood control facilities.
 24 evacuation centers which include 16 public schools and 10 government facilities.
 14 health centers.
 16 day care centers.
 Two 3S Centers which house police, fire stations, and barangay halls.

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2.7 Identification of Key Risk Areas and Threats

2.7.1 Climate related risks

The city is most vulnerable to drought considering that there have been minimal efforts
that have been undertaken to address this risk. It is least vulnerable to storm surge since
key structural and non-structural measures to mitigate the risk are already in place.15

Table 26. Relative vulnerability by hazard

Relative
Climate change Average threat level Average adaptive
vulnerability rating
hazard (5 – highest) capacity (1- lowest)
(10 – highest)
Flooding 2.3 4.7 7
Typhoon 2.4 4.7 7.1
Storm surge 1 5 6
Drought 3 4.4 7.4
Average score 6.875
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

In terms of the five development sectors that were analyzed, it was deemed that the most
vulnerable to multi-hazards are environment and land use. This was attributed to the
fragility of natural resources with regard to environment and the magnitude of affected
areas with regard to land use. The least vulnerable was perceived to be the economic
sector due to its market-driven and private sector-led nature.16

Table 27. Relative vulnerability by sector

Relative
Climate change Average threat level Average adaptive
vulnerability rating
hazard (5 – highest) capacity (1- lowest)
(10 – highest)
Social 2 4.5 6.5
Economic 1.75 5 6.75
Infrastructure 1.25 4.75 6
Land use 2.5 5 7.5
Environment 2.75 4.25 7
Average score 6.75
Source: CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

2.7.2 Geo-hazard risks

The risk levels of barangays to geo-hazards are given in the table below:

Table 28. Risk level of barangays by type of geo-hazard

Ground
Barangay Liquefaction Tsunami
shaking
1 Arkong Bato
2 Bagbaguin
3 Balangkas
4 Parada
5 Bignay
6 Bisig
7 Canumay East

15 CPDO. LCCAP 2017-2022.

16 Ibid.

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Ground
Barangay Liquefaction Tsunami
shaking
8 Canumay West
9 Karuhatan
10 Coloong
11 Dalandanan
12 Gen. T. De Leon
13 Isla
14 Lawang Bato
15 Lingunan
16 Mabolo
17 Malanday
18 Malinta
19 Mapulang Lupa
20 Marulas
21 Maysan
22 Palasan
23 Pariancillo Villa
24 Paso De Blas
25 Pasolo
26 Poblacion
27 Pulo
28 Punturin
29 Rincon
30 Tagalag
31 Ugong
32 Veinte Reales
33 Wawang Pulo
Legend:
None Moderate
Low Moderate to high
Low to moderate High
Reference: Valenzuela City Disaster and Climate Risk Assessment.

2.8 Conservation Areas and other Special Interest Areas

2.8.1 Historical, cultural and natural heritage sites

Valenzuela City has maintained historical landmarks and facilities which has helped shape
its development through the years. The list of the major historic landmarks in the city are
given in the table below.

Table 29. Historic Landmarks in Valenzuela City

Landmarks Location
Arkong Bato Boundary Arc – Bulacan and Rizal
1 Provincial boundary Marker built by the Americans in M.H. del Pilar, Arkong Bato
1910.
Our Lady of Fatima National Shrine – declared as
2 Fatima Avenue, Marulas
a tourist site since 1982 by the DOT.
Residence of Dr. Pio Valenzuela –Katipunan
Corner of Pariancillo Rd. and
3 Revolutionary Dr. Pio Valenzuela was born in this
Kapitan Isko St., Pariancillo Villa
house on July 11, 1869.
Museo Valenzuela – Houses collection artifacts and
4 Fatima Ave cor. CWL St., Marulas
memorabilia of the City’s rich culture and history.
San Roque Church – Known for the “Sayawan sa
5 M. Hernandez St., Mabolo
Calle: Sayaw Pasasalamat kay San Roque”.

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Landmarks Location
Bell Tower of San Diego de Alcala – the 382 year
6 old Church Belfry built during the Spanish Era in M.H. del Pilar Rd., Poblacion
1632.
Japanese Memorial Cemetery – built by the
7 Japanese Government in honor of the Japanese Don Pedro Rd., Marulas
Soldiers.
Col. Harry C. Egbert Memorial Canon – Historical
8 Alert Center Compound
Marker of the “Battle of Malinta” in 1899.
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Cultural Affairs and Tourism Development Office.

2.8.2 Wetlands

The city’s wetlands has an area of about 141 hectares and is located in Barangays
Balangkas, Bisig, Tagalag, and Wawang Pulo. Aside from being a natural catch basin,
these areas are seasonal homes to migratory birds.

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3 SOCIAL SECTOR
3.1 Housing

3.1.1 Profile

Housing situation

The city had a total of 153,041 households and 147,161 occupied housing units in 2015
according to the census report of the PSA. The almost one-to-one correspondence
between households and occupied housing units implies a generally good housing
situation. Overcrowding is also not an issue since it was calculated that on the average
there were about 4 household members per housing unit.

Table 30. Housing Situation for the last three census years
2010 2015
Variable 2000 % %
No. increase/ No. increase/
decrease decrease
Households (HH) [1] 106,382 137,834 29.6% 153,041 11.0%
Household population [1] 481,047 574,840 19.5% 619,324 7.7%
Occupied Housing Units (HU) [1] 102,422 133,345 30.2% 147,161 10.4%
Ratio of HH to Occupied HU [2] 1.03 1.04
Ratio of HH population to
4.31 4.21
Occupied HU [2]
Notes:
[1] HH and HH population data for 2000 were obtained from CLUP 2009-2018. The rest of the data on HH, HH
population and Occupied Housing Units were obtained from Philippine Statistics Authority’s Census Reports
2000, 2010, and 2015.
[2] Ratios were calculated by the Consultant.

Housing backlog

The Housing Backlog as of year-end 2014 was estimated to be 8,807 units. A significant
majority (about 81%) of these are displaced households who either reside in danger areas
or are informal settlers on private lands.17

Table 31. New units due to displaced HHs, 2014

Type No. of Families/HHs
a) Families/HHs in danger areas
 Waterways (rivers and creeks)
- Tullahan 1,302
- Other Waterways 1,215
 Railway tracks 300
 Road easement
 Prone to landslide/flood & other hazards
- NGCP ROW 1,741
b) Families/HHs to be affected by infrastructure projects: 811

17 Source: Housing and Resettlement Office. Valenzuela City Shelter Plan 2016-2024.

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Type No. of Families/HHs

c) Informal settlers in private lands (with impending threats of
1,778
demolition/eviction orders)
Total 7,147
Source: Housing and Resettlement Office. Valenzuela City Shelter Plan 2016-2024.

Informal settlement areas

Based on year 2015 data of the Housing and Resettlement Office, there were 32,942
informal settler families (ISFs) which accounts for about 22% of the total households in the
city.

Map 21. Location of informal settler families

Source: Housing and Resettlement Office. 2017. Valenzuela City Shelter Plan 2016-2024.

Table 32. Number of Informal Settler Families in 2015

Classification No. of Families
Waterways/Creeks 1,270
Danger Areas (4,258) Tullahan River 1,247
Under NPC Transmission Lines 1,741
NLEX C5 Segment 10 811
Affected By Infra Projects*
Railroad Tracks 300
Private Property Various locations 14,787
Socialized Housing Projects Various SHP 7,242
Under Government Property LGU 879
LGU/NHA 890
Resettlement
NHA 3,775
Total 32,942
Source: Housing and Resettlement Office. Valenzuela City Shelter Plan 2016-2024.

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Residential subdivisions and condominium projects

The city has 170 residential subdivisions which are characterized by relatively large house
and lots. Many of these subdivisions are found in Barangays Gen. T. De Leon and Marulas
in Area III.18 There are also several residential condominiums to include Isabelle de
Valenzuela, Moldex Residences, and Chateau Valenzuela, among others.

Resettlement areas

 Disiplina Villages

The Disiplina Villages in Barangays Ugong and Bignay are the largest in-city socialized
housing projects in the country. The Disiplina Village in Barangay Ugong has an area of
1.9 hectares while the one in Barangay Bignay occupies 11.2 hectares. Combined, these
two villages host more than 4,000 residential units. It was developed by the city
government to relocate families living along rivers and creeks and other hazardous areas.
Multi-level housing facilities have been built in these two spacious sites complete with
health, educational, recreational, commercial, and transportation (tricycle terminals)
facilities to ensure that affected families are provided with safe and pleasant living
conditions. Relocation began in February 2011.19

 National Housing Authority (NHA)-administered resettlement sites

There are four NHA-administered resettlement sites in the city which were established to
accommodate households affected by government projects such as the Northrail and
NLEX-C5. Three of these are located in Barangay Bignay and one in Barangay Punturin.

Other projects benefitting ISF and low income groups

 Greater Metro Manila (GMM) Habitat for Humanity

There are three projects in the city that were undertaken with the support of GMM Habitat
for Humanity, Inc. Two of these are in Barangay Karuhatan with 158 beneficiaries and one
in Barangay Parada with 60 beneficiaries.20

The approach to these projects is for the city government or community association to
provide the land as well as assistance in site development. GMM Habitat provides
assistance to qualified families by way of construction materials. Household members then
help build the houses through ‘sweat equity.’

 Group Land Acquisition and Development (GLAD)

There are three community-based associations that have availed of the GLAD program of
the Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF or Pag-IBIG Fund). Each of these
associations are based in Barangays Marulas, Ugong, and Bignay with a total membership
of 146.21

The GLAD program uses an approach wherein the Pag-IBIG Fund provides financial
assistance to eligible community associations, at least 60% of which should be active

18 The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

19 Ibid.
20 CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Housing and Resettlement Office.
21 Ibid.

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PAG-IBIG Fund members. Financial assistance is in the form of direct loans to the
community association for land acquisition and site development. Beneficiaries may also
avail of additional loans for housing construction.22

 Off-site relocation

The city has undertaken two off-site relocation projects in Barangay Bignay for informal
settler families who used to live in hazardous areas such as along rivers and creeks. These
involved two neighborhood associations with total membership of 174.23

 Community Land Acquisition Support Program (CLASP)

Three socialized housing projects each located in Barangays Marulas, Ugong and
Canumay were developed under the NHA’s CLASP. The total number of member-
beneficiaries was recorded to be 690.24

CLASP uses an approach where the NHA provides technical assistance to community-
based associations who have financial capabilities to purchase the land they occupy or
intend to transfer to. NHA’s technical assistance may be in the form of facilitating
transactions and negotiations between an association and landowner, syndication of
funds, appraisal and valuation of the property, survey and titling, etc.25

 Community Mortgage Program (CMP)

Nine projects were developed under the CMP of the Social Housing Finance Corporation
(SHFC). These projects are located in Barangays Dalandanan, Malanday, Arkong Bato,
Gen. T. De Leon, and Marulas and involves nearly 2,000 member-beneficiaries. There
were also 36 socialized housing projects throughout the city developed under CMP which
were assisted by non-government organizations (NGOs). These projects involved almost
4,500 member-beneficiaries. 26

CMP uses an approach where eligible community-based associations are provided

financial assistance, through community mortgage. Loan proceeds may be used for land
acquisition, site development and house construction.27

Tenure status of housing units

Almost all households either own, rent or otherwise occupy their houses and lots with the
consent of owners. Only about 2.3% were reported to occupy their houses and lots without
the consent of owners.

22 UN-Habitat. 2009. Community-based Housing Finance Initiatives – The Case of Community Mortgage
Programs in Philippines. Nairobi.
23 CPDO. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Housing and Resettlement Office.
24
Ibid.
25
UN-Habitat. 2009. Community-based Housing Finance Initiatives – The Case of Community Mortgage
Programs in Philippines. Nairobi.
26
CPDO. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Housing and Resettlement Office.
27
UN-Habitat. 2009. Community-based Housing Finance Initiatives – The Case of Community Mortgage
Programs in Philippines. Nairobi.

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Table 33. Number of households by tenure status of the housing unit/lot, 2015
Number of
Tenure Status of the Housing Unit and Lot Share (%)
Households[1]
Own or owner like possession of house and lot 58,441 38.2%
Rent house/room including lot 70,566 46.1%
Own house rent lot 3,394 2.2%
Own house rent-free lot with consent of owner 7,184 4.7%
Own house rent-free lot without consent of owner 3,066 2.0%
Rent-free house and lot with consent of owner 9,944 6.5%
Rent-free house and lot without consent of owner 446 0.3%
Total 153,041 100.0%
Note: [1] Excludes households in relocation area.
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population.

Housing facilities and utilities

Majority of households have access to basic facilities and utilities such as electricity, safe
water supply, and sanitary toilets. About 99% of households in the city have access to
electricity.28 Safe water supply, on the other hand, is available to nearly 85% of
households. Sanitary toilet facilities (water-sealed flush to septic tank whether own use or
shared with other households and closed pit) are used by nearly 97% of households.29

Physical condition of housing units

Most housing units were reported to be in good physical condition being made of semi-
permanent and permanent construction materials. Only about 2.9% of households were
reported to be living in makeshift housing. Most of these were observed in Barangays
Rincon and Parada.30

Inventory of potential lands for housing

Nearly 43 hectares of land in the city were identified for potential acquisition to be
developed into socialized housing. Most of these are located in Barangays Bignay and
Punturin.31

Table 34. Inventory of Available Suitable Lands for Housing

Land area
Owner Location Status
(hectares)
Lin, Marilyn 8.14 Bgy. Bignay Residential
Sy Ka Kieng/ Rosa Chan 2.79 Bgy. Bignay Riceland
Ching Bing, Antonio/ Lily Ong 1.13 Bgy. Bignay Residential
Ching Bing, Antonio/ Lily Ong 0.50 Bgy. Bignay Residential
Lim, Marilyn/ George 4.33 Bgy. Bignay Riceland
Lim, Marilyn/ George 0.10 Bgy. Bignay Residential
Uson, Alex/Editha Co 2.12 Bgy. Bignay Residential
Carlos, Antonio/ Annabelle 2.89 Bgy. Punturin Riceland
Abacan, Antonio 2.26 Bgy. Punturin Riceland
Lamco Paper Products Co. Inc. 1.58 Bgy. Punturin Residential

28 Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population.

29 City of Valenzuela. 2015. Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals using CBMS Data.
30 Ibid.
31 Valenzuela City Shelter Plan 2016-2024.

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Land area
Owner Location Status
(hectares)
Gonzales, Florencio P 2.15 Bgy. Bignay Riceland
Matias, Tomas 1.25 Bgy. Bignay Riceland
Villaluz, Efren D. 4.91 Bgy. Bignay Riceland
Abulencia, Ricardo T. 3.68 Bgy. Bignay Riceland
Hipolito, Jose 4.45 Bgy. Canumay West Riceland
Total 42.28
Source: Housing and Resettlement Office. 2017. Valenzuela City Shelter Plan 2016-2024.

3.1.2 Current and projected needs

Current and projected housing needs

 New housing

The City Housing and Resettlement Office estimated the housing need to reach about
34,000 by 2024. These include housing backlogs and future needs based on the projected
number of households by 2024. The housing need is projected to reach about 43,000 by
2028.

Table 35. Summary of housing needs

Housing Need
Planning Phase Future
Backlog Total
Need
2016-2018[1] 3,003 7,836 10,839
2019-2021[1] 3,003 8,244 11,247
2021-2024[1] 3,003 8,673 11,676
2025-2028[2] - 9,383 9,383
Total 9,009 34,136 43,145
Sources:
[1]Housing and Resettlement Office. Valenzuela City Shelter Plan

2016-2024.
[2]Consultant. Difference of projected HHs in 2028 (177,537) and 2024

(168,154) and using a HH size of 4.2

 Estimated land or space requirements

The estimated land requirement to meet the city’s socialized housing requirements by
2024 in about 134 hectares. This assumes that lots are provide to each housing unit which
was estimated to be about 34,000. Since available land is limited in Valenzuela, the city
government has planned on the construction of low-rise buildings up to 4-stories high. This
will reduce the land requirement to about 100 hectares by 2024.32

Assuming that 30% of the new households from 2025-2028 will be from the lower income
groups, it is estimated that the additional land required for socialized housing is 0.30 ha.

32For calculating land requirements for low rise buildings, the city’s Shelter Plan allots a lot size of 38.57 to 40
sq.m. per unit.

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3.1.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

The key land use issues and recommended policy options/interventions with regard to
housing were identified during the city’s Strategic Planning Workshop held on May 3,
2018.

Table 36. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use issues Land use policy options/interventions
 Lack of safe and affordable housing for  Provision of housing for informal settler
informal and formal settlers. families in danger areas, government lands,
and private lands.
 Inadequate access to basic services  Partnership with national government
(education, health, common facilities, agencies and private sectors for the
employment, sports and recreation, development of resettlement sites.
technology).
 Proliferation of informal settlers.  Develop Barangay-based Squatting
Prevention Program and recommend
appropriate measures.
 Development of cleared areas.
 Lack of affordable housing for formal  Promote the development of housing for
settlers. middle income families.
Source: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018.

3.2 Health

3.2.1 Profile

General health situation

 Vital indicators

The general health situation in the city has showed improvement based on available six
years information. Some of the key indicators were observed to be better than the national
averages.33

Table 37. Trends of Vital Health Indices, 2010-2015

Indicators 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Population 566,096 578,607 629,700 609,117 619,232 629,448 639,790 622,432
Live births 8,799 7,209 7,896 7,310 7,799 7,672 6.369 6,695
Crude Birth Rate[1] 15.54 12.46 12.54 12 12.59 12.19 9.95 10,76
Crude Death Rate[1] 3.44 2.69 1.82 1.67 1.97 2.04 2.14 4.01
Maternal Mortality
114 110.97 63 109 25.64 52.14 62.80 74.68
Rate[2]
Infant Mortality Rate[3] 18.07 15.54 14.56 12.04 12.95 6.52 10.52 16.28
Under-five Mortality
4.32 5.41 16.97 14.77 15.26 8.73 12.72 19.12
Ratio[3]
Perinatal Mortality
4.66 2.36 3.93 0.06 8.21 8.57
Rate[4]
Note: Per 1,000 population; per 1,000 live births; per 100,000 live births; [4] total perinatal deaths/live
[1] [2] [3]

births + fatal deaths x 1,000.

Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022 citing City Health
Office.

33CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022 citing 2013 National
Indices: Crude Birth Rate at 18.0; Crude Death Rate at 5.4; Infant Death Rate at 12.5 (http://www.doh.gov.ph/
mortality)

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 Leading causes of morbidity

The leading causes of morbidity may be considered ‘lifestyle diseases’ or those that are
related to how people live their lives. These include acute upper respiratory infections,
heart diseases, and diabetes.

Table 38. Ten leading causes of consultations in Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital, 2016
and 2017
2016 2017
Cause Number Cause Number
Prenatal Check- up 8,920 Prenatal Check-up 6,867
Acute Upper Respiratory 6,677 Acute Upper Respiratory
Infection 6,107
Infection
Heart Diseases 2,567 Hypertensive Cardio
Vascular Disease/ Heart 3,250
Diseases
Diabetes Mellitus 2,527 Diabetes Mellitus 2,554
Urinary Tract Infection 2,144 Urinary Tract Infection 2,424
ENT 1,945 ENT 2,081
Pneumonia 1,543 Systemic Viral Infection 1,400
Eye Diseases 1,461 Eye Diseases 1,104
Hypertension 688 Pneumonia 1,066
Bronchitis 681 Bronchitis 948
Note: The total number of consultations in VCEH’s Out-patient Department was recorded to be 59,409 in 2016
and 62,265 in 2017.
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital.

Table 39. Ten leading causes of consultations in Valenzuela

Medical Center, 2016 and 2017
Cause Number
Prenatal Check-up 16,520
DOTS Consultation 8,938
Pneumonia 3,739
Well Baby 3,353
Dental Carries 3,098
Hypertension 2,237
Acute Upper Respiratory Infection 1,870
Animal Bite 1,798
Urinary Tract Infection 1,629
FP Consultation 1,317
Note: The total number of consultations in VMC’s Out-patient Department
in 2017 was recorded to be 87,958.
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City
Emergency Hospital.

 Leading causes of mortality

The top leading causes of mortality are, in turn, heart diseases and pneumonia.

Table 40. Ten leading causes of mortality in VCEH, 2017

2016 2017
Cause Number Cause Number
Hypertensive Cardio 28 Hypertensive Cardio
6
Vascular Disease Vascular Disease

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2016 2017
Pneumonia 15 Pneumonia 4
Septic Shock/ Sepsis 7 Cerebro Vascular Accident 2
Neurogenic shock 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2
Cerebro Vascular Accident 2 Chronic Obstructive
2
Pulmonary Disease
Diabetes Mellitus II 2 Hyperthyroidism 2
Chronic Obstructive 2 Coronary Artery Disease
1
Pulmonary Disease
Status Asthmaticus 1 Chronic Heart Failure 1
Chronic Heart Failure 1 Liver Cirrhosis 1
Chronic Kidney Disease 1 Lung Cancer 1
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital.

Table 41. Ten leading causes of mortality in Valenzuela

Medical Center, 2017
Cause Number
Pneumonia 162
Hypertensive Cardio Vascular Disease 139
Myocardial Infarction 57
Respiratory Distress of Newborn 55
Cerebrovascular Disease 50
Diabetes Mellitus II 38
Bacterial Sepsis of Newborn 22
Remainder of disease of the Digestive System 19
Disease of the Liver 18
Pulmonary Tuberculosis 14
Note: The total number of deaths in VMC in 2017 was recorded to be 829.
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City
Emergency Hospital.

 Malnourished children

Malnutrition affected about 2.6% of children under 5 years of age in 2012. About 64% of
these children were reported to be residing in Barangays Coloong, Maysan, Ugong, Gen.
T. De Leon, Paso de Blas, and Bagbaguin.34

The city government has been addressing issues on malnutrition with programs such as
Home and Community Food Production Program, Diet Counselling, Busog Kaalaman
Lusog ng Katawan Supplemental Feeding Program and Day Care Feeding Program,
Training for Growth Standards, Training on Infant and Young Child Feeding, and Home
Visits and Follow-up.

Health resources

 Health facilities

The city government gives serious attention to provide the best health care service to its
constituents by spending on health facilities and professional health care providers. Most
of its Barangay Health Stations are compliant with the standards of the World Health
Organization.

34 CPDO. City of Valenzuela. 2012. Status Report on the Millennium Development Goals using CBMS Data.

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Among others, the city government owns and operates the Valenzuela City Emergency
Hospital, two mobile medical and dental clinics (Alagang Valenzuelaño), a women’s
wellness clinic, two mobile diagnostic clinics with ECG, and a mobile botika.35 Seven
private hospitals supplement the city government’s public health facilities.

Table 42. City health facilities

Health Facilities No. Location
District 1 = 27
1. Health Centers 45
District II = 18
Balubaran
District I
Canumay East Libis
2. Satellite Stations 5 Duhat
District II Lower Tibagan
Maysan 3s (Sto Rosario)
Main Lab. Mapulang Lupa
Bagbaguin Marulas 3s
Bignay 3s Maysan HC
Dalandanan Maysan 3s
GTDL 1 Mega
3. Laboratory/Microscopy 20
GTDL 3s Parada 3s
Karuhatan Paso de Blas
Lawang Bato Polo LIC
Mabolo Punturin
Malanday Ugong 3s
4. Quality Assurance Center 1 Main Laboratory
Malinta Health Center
Gen. T. De Leon 3s Health Center
5. Animal Bite Center 4
Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital
Valenzuela Medical Center
6. PPMD Unit 1 Malinta Health Center
Maysan Polo
7. Physical Therapy Center 3
Action Center
Balubaran LIC Marulas LIC
Canumay West LIC Paso de Blas LIC
8. Lying-in Clinics 9 GTDL 3s LIC Polo 3s LIC
Lawang Bato LIC Ugong 3s LIC
Mapulang Lupa LIC
VCEH: Neuro, Pedia, Pulmo, Diabetes, EENT, IM
9. Specialty Clinics 2
Mega HC: Orthopedic, Surgery, OB-Gyne
10. Social Hygiene Clinic 1 Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital: Daily
Action Center Medical Clinic
11. Employees Clinics 2
Main Medical Clinic
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Health Office.

Table 43. Private Hospitals

Name Location
1. Allied Care Experts Medical Center McArthur Highway, Malanday, Valenzuela City
2. Calalang General Hospital McArthur Highway, Marulas, Valenzuela City
3. Fatima Medical Center McArthur Highway, Marulas, Valenzuela City
4. KC Calderon General Hospital Gen. T. De Leon, Valenzuela City
5. Sanctissimo Rosario General Hospital Pio Valenzuela St. Marulas, Valenzuela City
6. Valenzuela Citicare Medical Center McArthur Highway, Malinta, Valenzuela City
7. Vian Family Hospital 40211 Que Grande St., Ugong, Valenzuela City
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Health Office.

35 CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

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Map 22. Map of health facilities

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

 Key health personnel

The number of most key health personnel in proportion to the population are within the
standards of the Department of Health. These include physicians, dentists, nurses,
midwives, and barangay health workers. There were, however, backlogs in the number of
nutrition dietitians and sanitary inspectors.
Table 44. Key health personnel and ratio to population, 2017
City Health
Personnel Office’s target No. of personnel Actual Ratio
ratio
Physicians 1:20,000 46 1:13,531
Dentists 1:20,000 34 1:18,307
Nurses 1:20,000 65 1:9,576
Midwives 1:5,000 142 1:4,383
Medical Technologists 27 1:23,053
Nutrition Dieticians 1:20,000 7 1:88,919
HEPO 5 1:124,486
Sanitary Inspectors 1:20,000 16 1:38,902
Barangay Health Aides 19 1:32,760
Dental Aides 23 1:27,062
Physical Therapists 9 1:69,159
Barangay Health Workers 1:5,000 359 1:1,734
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Health Office.

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Burial grounds

There are two public and eight private cemeteries in the city. Public cemeteries include
the ones in Barangays Arkong Bato and Karuhatan which are already congested. The
largest private cemetery is, in turn, the approximately 30 hectare Ever Memorial Park in
Barangay Lawang Bato with a niche capacity of 80,000. The other private cemeteries may
be found in Barangays Karuhatan, Maysan, Palasan and Veinte Reales. There is also the
Polo Catholic Cemetery in Barangay Palasan which reportedly becomes flooded during
high tide.

Map 23. Map of cemeteries and memorial parks

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

3.2.2 Current and projected needs

Health resources

 Health facilities

Based on the HLURB’s recommended ratio of 1 city health center for every 50,000
population, 36 the city has a current (2018) need of 13. This is being met by numerous
tertiary level hospitals, including VMC and VCEH, and other private and public health
facilities. The projected need of 15 city health centers by 2028, also based on HLURB’s
recommended ratio, may be addressed by upgrading the facilities in VMC and VCEH and
other city government-operated health facilities to meet increasing demands. Private

36 HLURB. CLUP Guidebook, Volume 2 Sectoral Analysis and Tools for Situational Analysis, p. 273, 2014.

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hospitals are also expected to upgrade their facilities once the demand for health services
increase.

The current demand for barangay health stations is 129 following HLURB’s
recommendation of 1 barangay health station: 5,000 population.37 The city currently has
45 health centers and 5 health stations. It appears that there is a backlog of 79 at the level
of community-level health care facilities. The projected need for barangay health stations
by 2028 is expected to reach 149.

 Health personnel

The number of needed health personnel by type are based on the target ratios set by the
City Health Office (CHO).38

Table 45. Projected requirements for key health personnel

Requirements Surplus/ Deficit
Personnel
2017 2028 2017 2028
Physicians 32 37 14 9
Dentists 32 37 2 -3
Nurses 32 37 33 28
Midwives 129 149 13 -7
Nutrition Dieticians 32 37 -25 -30
Sanitary Inspectors 32 37 -16 -21
Barangay Health Workers 129 149 230 210
Note: Requirements are based on the CHO's target ratios.
Source: Consultant.

Burial grounds

The estimated area of land needed by 2028 for burial plots is about 0.4 hectares.39 This
assumes that the crude death rate of 2.04 in 2015 will remain and that all residents will be
availing of memorial park services within the city.

3.2.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 46. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
Health resources
 Inadequate multi-specialty clinics  Construction of a City Health Office
affordable to the public. Building.
 Need to continuously upgrade VMC  Upgrade the VCEH through the
and VCEH. construction of an Operating Room
 Inadequate number of barangay and an additional floor for wards.
health centers.  Additional PT/Rehab Centers in
Bignay and Marulas areas.

37
Ibid.
38 CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017.
39 Based on Consultant’s estimate. The projected number of deaths is 1,521 and the plot required for each

burial is about 2.4 square meters.

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Land use policy

Land use issues
options/interventions
 Construct a Teen Center for youth-
oriented activities.
 Renovate/ Upgrade Barangay Health
Stations/ Centers.
Burial grounds
 Public cemeteries are already  Lot acquisition and construction of a
congested. Memorial Park and Crematorium in
Bignay.
 Creation of a bone chamber in
Maysan, Arkong Bato and Karuhatan
Cemetery.
Sources: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018 and CPDO. The Comprehensive
Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

3.3 Education

3.3.1 Profile

Key Indicators

The city’s key indicators for education show a well-provisioned public education system.
The student: teacher and student: classroom ratios for 2015 at the public high school level
was within the 1:35 standard of the Department of Education (DepEd). In turn, the ratios
at the public elementary level was almost at par with DepEd’s standard of 1:40. It is also
notable that there is a 1:1 ratio between students and seats available in classrooms.

Table 47. Indicators for Education Services, 2015

Public Schools
Indicators
Elementary Secondary
Enrolment 81,022 42,487
No. of Teachers 1,989 1,454
Student-Teacher Ratio 41:1 29:1
No. of Classrooms 958 620
Student-Classroom Ratio 42:1 35:1
Seating Capacity 40,002 27,132
Desks 5,580 1,120
Armchairs 30,997 25,602
Student-Seat Ratio 1:1 1:1
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

Elementary and secondary schools

 Public schools

The city’s public education system is grouped according to the city’s congressional
districts, i.e, Districts I and II. There are 22 elementary schools with total enrollment of
about 42,000 in District I and 17 schools with 38,000 enrollees in District II during school
year 2017-2018. The proportion of female enrollees was reported to be about 48% in each
district. The drop-out rate for males was, however, higher than that for females. In District
II, it was reported that the drop-out rate of males was 241 and only 86 for females.40

40
CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Department of Education-Valenzuela City.

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Map 24. Map of public elementary schools

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

There are 21 public secondary schools in Districts I and II. The total enrolment in school
year 2017-2018 was almost 43,000 comprising 50% females. The drop-out rate was also
higher for males at 509 as compared to 285 for females.41

Map 25. Map of public secondary schools

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

41
Ibid.

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 Private schools

There are 62 private elementary schools in District I with a total enrollment of about 6,600
in school year 2017-2018. Similar to the trend in public elementary schools in the district,
the proportion of female enrollees was reported to be 48%. District II hosts 54 elementary
schools with enrollees totaling almost 9,000 in the same school year. The proportion of
female enrollees was 50%. The drop-out rate in District II was 16 for males and 8 for
females.

There are 48 private secondary schools in both districts with a total enrollment of about
11,000 in school year 2017-2018. The proportion of females to total enrollment was 50%.
The male drop-out rate was again higher for males (63) than females (37) in District II.

Map 26. Map of private schools

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

Tertiary schools

The city government operates two tertiary schools namely the Pamantasan ng Lungsod
ng Valenzuela and Valenzuela City Polytechnic College. The latter is also a technical
school and provides undergraduate, special, and graduate programs.

The Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela offers courses on, among others,

Communication Studies, Elementary Education, Business Administration, Accountancy,
Accounting Technology, Engineering, Public Administration, and Social Work. There were
about 4,300 enrollees and 1,200 graduates during academic year 2016-2017. Most of the
graduates had courses in Bachelor of Science in Business Management Major in Human
Resources Development Management, and Marketing Management.

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The Pamantasan also has a Senior High School program and offers courses in
Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) Strand; General Academic Strand;
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Strand; Humanities and
Social Sciences (HUMSS) Strand; and Art & Design Track. The number of enrollees in
academic year 2017 was reported to be 1,109.

The Valenzuela City Polytechnic College offers formal courses in Automotive Technology,
Civil Technology, Electrical Technology, Food Service Management Technology,
Garments Fashion & Design Technology, HVACR, and Welding & Fabrication
Technology. The number of enrollees for the first semester of academic year 2016-2017
was 601 and 590 during the second semester. The college also offers short-term courses
in Automotive Servicing NC-I, Bread and Pastry Production, Dressmaking, among others.
The total number of enrollees during the same academic year was 325.

In addition to the above, there are 10 private colleges and universities in the city. These
offer a variety of educational programs in various disciplines. The total number of enrollees
in these colleges and universities during academic year 2016-2017 was 23,534 while the
total number of graduates was 3,681.

Map 27. Map of tertiary schools

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

Table 48. Local Universities and Colleges

Instructional
Tertiary schools Auxiliary rooms[3]
rooms[2]
Sta. Cecilia College 38 28
Our Lady of Fatima University 16 39
Children of Mary Immaculate College 29 26

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Instructional
Tertiary schools Auxiliary rooms[3]
rooms[2]
St. Louis College of Valenzuela 58 48
Biblical Seminary of the Philippines 11 45
Febias College of Bible 24 52
Our Lady of Lourdes College 11 12
Datamex College of Saint Adeline 7 12
La Consolacion College-Valenzuela 23 67
Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela[1] 13 36
Bethel Bible College of Assemblies of God 6 24
Valenzuela City Polytechnic College[1] 18 63
Total 254 452
Notes:
[1] Public tertiary school/university.
[2] Devoted for teacher-student teaching proper.
[3] Devoted for special purposes such as administrative rooms, laboratories, canteen, and those
purposes other than theoretical teaching.
Source: CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing Office of the Building Official.

3.3.2 Current and projected needs

It is estimated that the city will need additional 111 elementary, and 265 junior/senior high
school classrooms and similar numbers of teachers by 2028.

Table 49. Projected classroom and teacher requirements in public

schools by level
Projected enrolment[3]
Level
2018 2028
Elementary[1] 64,829 74,843
Junior High School[1] 40,883 47,198
Senior High School[1] 28,935 23,570
Classroom requirement[2]
Elementary -32 111
Junior High School
Senior High School 253 265
Teacher requirement[2]
Elementary -32 111
Junior High School
Senior High School 253 265
Notes:
[1]Elementary (age 6-11); Junior High (age 12-15); and Senior High (age 16-17).
[2] Based on DepEd standards (1:35 for elementary; 1:40 for high school). Values

obtained by deducing existing (2015) classrooms and teachers.

[3] Based on the assumptions that:

 Shares of each age bracket will be constant based on 2015 census.

 Enrolment ratios will remain constant.
 Enrolment ratios will remain constant based on Status Report on the
Millennium Development Goals using CBMS Data, September 2012
(elementary = 88.5%; high school = 84%).
Source: Consultant.

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3.3.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 50. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Limited or lack of space for more  Construct additional school
buildings/construction of additional buildings.
schools  Establish an accessible City Library.
Sources: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018 and CPDO. The Comprehensive
Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

3.4 Protective Services

3.4.1 Profile

Crime statistics

The incidence of crime in the city has observably decreased. The city has, in fact, been
cited as the Third Safest City to live in Southeast Asia after Singapore and Davao.

Table 51. Comparison of crime statistics

Classification of offense CY 2016 CY 2017
Murder 114 36
Homicide 6 6
Physical Injuries 262 215
Rape 96 95
Robbery 129 129
Theft 286 270
Car napping of Motor Vehicle 14 14
Car napping of Motorcycle 59 25
Kidnapping 1 0
Violation of Special Laws 1,085 888
Other Non- Index Crimes 538 448
Total 2,520 2,077
Source: CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City Police Station.

Table 52.Comparison of solved and unsolved crimes

Type CY 2016 CY 2017 Variance
Total Crime Solved 2,520 2,077 -443
Solved 1,628 1,403 -225
Unsolved 395 282 -113
Cleared 2,125 1,795 -330
Solution Rate 64.4% 67.5% -3.10%
Clearance Rate 84.32% 86.40% -2.08%
Source: CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City Police Station.

Police facilities and personnel

The main police headquarters may be found at the City Hall Compound in Barangay
Marulas. There are also 10 police community precincts strategically distributed throughout
the city.

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Table 53. Table Police-Population Ratio

Police Ratio[1]
Year Population
Officers 1:500 1:1000
2013 475 598,968 1:1,198 1:599
2014 488 605,976 1:1,212 1:606
2015 535 620422 1:1,241 1:620
2016 780 627,681 1:255 1:628
2017 634[2] 638,414 1:1,277 1:638
Notes:
[1] The minimum Standard is 1:1000 but the ideal ratio 1:500. HLURB. CLUP Guidelines Volume 2 Sectoral

Analysis and Tools for Situational Analysis.

[2] Only include police non-commissioned officers.

Source: CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing Valenzuela City Police Station.

The City Government, through its Public Safety Division, has a Side Walk Clearing
Operations Group which is tasked to safeguard sidewalks from illegal vendors, illegal
peddlers, and hawkers. There are also Bantay Bayan Groups tasked to oversee peace
and order in their respective jurisdictions every night from 9pm to 3am. Members of these
groups are required to report undue incidents to the police. There are 988 volunteers in
District I and 1,226 in District II in 2017.42

Disaster management

The city government has an Allied Local Emergency & Evacuation Response Team
housed in its Alert Center or Disaster Preparedness Building. The Alert Center also hosts
the city’s City Social Welfare and Development Office, Valenzuela City Command and
Coordinating Office, Disaster Preparedness Office (of the Office of the City Mayor), Public
Information Office, Red Cross Volunteer Center and Fire Station. Among the equipment
that the Alert Center has are 50 ambulances, four fire trucks, three amphibious rescue
vehicles and a mobile toilet with shower.

The city government’s Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (DRMO) is also
fully equipped for its disaster and emergency response functions such as during vehicular
accidents, medical emergencies, fires, and natural calamities. It has, among others,
rescue vehicles, collapsed structure and lifting equipment, extrication equipment, water
safety and rescue (WASAR) equipment, and firefighting and hazardous materials
(HAZMAT) equipment.

Fire protection and prevention

The Bureau of Fire Protection-Valenzuela City has 14 fire sub-stations distributed across
the city and is equipped with 18 fire trucks.43 It also has a complement of 171 firefighting
personnel which gives a fire fighter population ratio of 1:3,777 which is below the 1:2,000
national standard.

In 2017, there were 434 incidents of fire which caused estimated damages of nearly P40
million. The most common causes were electrical (43%) and structural (30%) fires.44

Jail management and penology

42 CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Public Safety Division.

43
Ibid.
44 Ibid.

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The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) has 57 personnel, 10 of which are
females. The agency takes a pro-active approach by giving inmates opportunities to
continue their education through the Alternative Learning System (ALS). There are ALS
Teachers duly recognized by DepEd who teach the inmates.45

The 5-storey 1,900 sq.m. Valenzuela City Jail (VCJ) is located along Maysan Road in
Barangay Malinta. The ground floor is for the use of the jail warden and personnel while
the second to third floor house the jail cells. Each floor has three large cells with toilet and
bathroom along with visiting areas. The second floor is designated for women while the
upper floors are for men. The isolations cells are located at the third and fourth floors. The
jail building has a clinic at the second floor as well as food and beverage counters at the
second and third floors. The roof deck is the recreational area for inmates and has a
basketball court.46

The VCJ has been recognized as the best jail in the country and the first to be certified by
the Commission on Human Rights to have met 46 of 53 Minimum Rules for the Treatment
of Prisoners set by the United Nations.47

Map 28. Map of protective service facilities

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

45
Ibid.
46
http://www.valenzuela.gov.ph/article/news/1496.
47
http://www.valenzuela.gov.ph/article/news/10323.

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3.4.2 Current and projected needs

It is estimated that by 2028 there will be need for about 1,491 policemen, 373 firemen, and
27 fire trucks to meet the city population’s requirements for basic protective services.

Table 54. Projected protective personnel and equipment requirements

Standard ratio[1] Requirement
Personnel/ equipment
Ratio Unit 2018 2028
Police 1:500 police to population 1,292 1,491
Fireman 1:2,000 fireman to population 323 373
Fire truck 1:28,000 fire truck to population 23 27
Note:
[1] HLURB. 2014. CLUP Guidebook Vol. 2 Sectoral Analysis and Tools for Situational Analysis 2014.

Source: Consultant.

3.4.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 55. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Improvement of facilities  Establishment of:
- VCPs firing range.
- SWAT building.
- Warehouse and impounding area.
- Crime laboratory.
- Cybercrime office.
- Social housing facility for PNP,
BJMP, and BFP.
Source: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018.

3.5 Sports and Recreation

3.5.1 Profile

The largest sports facility in the city is the Dalandanan Astrodome measuring about 5,600
sq.m. while the largest recreation area is the Valenzuela City People’s park which has an
area of about one ha. Barangays Parada, Maysan and Marulas have tennis courts while
the other 22 barangays have at least a basketball or volleyball court except for Arkong
Bato wherein only a vacant open space is being used as a basketball court.

Parks and playgrounds are mostly found inside subdivisions owned by private groups or
organizations. These are used by residents for sports and recreation purposes. Some
private individuals, companies and organizations have also established several sports
facilities in the city.

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Map 29. Map of sports and recreation facilities

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

3.5.2 Current and projected needs

The HLULRB recommends a standard of 500 sq.m. of park and playgrounds per 1,000
population.48 Based on this, the current need of the city is 32 has which is estimated to
increase to 37 has. by 2028.

3.5.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 56. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Inadequate sports and recreational  Construction of Valenzuela City
facilities. Athletic Pool.
 Construction of Valenzuela City
Sports Complex.
 Establish/ upgrade city-wide pocket
parks and playgrounds.
Source: The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

3.6 Social Welfare

3.6.1 Profile

48 HLURB. 2014. CLUP Guidebook Volume 2. Sectoral Analysis and Tools for Situational Analysis.

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There are 46 day care centers and 78 day care workers in District I. On the other hand,
there are 34 day care centers and 77 day care workers in District II.

Map 30. Map of social welfare facilities

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

Social welfare programs include the Intervention program to Pag-Asa Youth Association
of the Philippines (PYAP) which provides assistance to those who are qualified in aspects
of education, medical treatment, livelihood, counselling, referrals and others. The city
government’s Emergency Welfare Program, in turn, provides assistance in terms of
issuance of certificates of indigency, social case study reports, referral letters, medical
assistance, balik-probinsya, and others. There is also the Valenzuela City Care that
supports and gives assistance to indigent constituents who need help through the
provision of identification cards that they can use to avail of different government social
services such as medical services.

Table 57. Social welfare programs and number of beneficiaries

Program Number of beneficiaries
Government internship program 84
PWD issuance of ID and booklet 4,598
Intervention program to Pag-Asa Youth
167
Association of the Philippines (PYAP)
Emergency welfare program 28,045
Aftercare services for Operation Tokhang 287
Assistance rendered to Oplan Tokhang
11
Surrenderees
Pamaskong Handog to Senior Citizens 50,583
Grant of assistive devices to persons with
546
disabilities

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Program Number of beneficiaries

VC Cares 2,384
Day Care enrolment 11,371
Philhealth assistance 3,963
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Social Welfare and
Development Office.

3.6.2 Current and projected needs

The HLURB recommends a ratio of one day care center for every 500 families.49 With the
number of number of households projected to reach 177,537 by 2028, the city will need
355 day care centers.

3.6.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 58. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Inadequate number of day care  Construct additional day centers.
centers.  Establish additional physical therapy/
 Lack of shelter and rehabilitation rehabilitation centers – at least one in
centers. each district strategically located at
the center of remote barangays.
Sources: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018 and CPDO. The Comprehensive
Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

49 HLURB. 2014. CLUP Guidebook Vol. 2 Sectoral Analysis and Tools for Situational Analysis 2014.

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4 ECONOMIC SECTOR
4.1 Industry

4.1.1 Profile

The city has been known to be one of NCR’s industrial centers. Its peripheral location
where larger and cheaper lands were available, good accessibility due to being along the
North Luzon Expressway, and the ease of access going to and coming from the Port of
Manila has made it a choice of many industrial establishments.

The rapid increase in the number of industries continued even well into year 2000. It was
reported that from 1995 to 2005, the number of industries was growing in Valenzuela even
as there was an overall decline through Metro Manila. By 2005, the number of industries
in the city was placed at 1,826 and accounted for 62% of all industries in Metro Manila. 50
The growth in the number of manufacturing establishments continued until 2015 which
reached 2,130.51 Many of these are engaged in plastic and rubber products, food
processing products, and metal craft, machine works and fabricators.

All barangays have at least one manufacturing establishment except for Wawang Pulo.
The most number of such establishments may be found in Barangays Marulas and
Canumay. Nonetheless, Barangays Karuhatan, Ugong, Maysan, Malinta and Lawang
Bato each have more than a hundred manufacturing establishments.

Table 59. Registered Manufacturing Industries in Valenzuela City, 2015

Classification Number % Share
1 Agro-Industrial 23 1.08
2 Assembler and Processing 84 3.94
3 Chemical and Mineral Products 83 3.90
4 Concrete Products and Hollow Blocks 28 1.31
5 Electrical Products and Components 27 1.27
6 Food Processing and Products 380 17.84
7 Furniture 64 3.00
8 Garments, Sewing Services and RTW 180 8.45
9 Handicraft, Leather craft and Footwear 43 2.02
10 Manufacturing with or without Machineries 86 4.04
11 Metal Products 87 4.08
12 Metal craft, Machine Works and Fabricators 335 15.73
13 Packaging and Repacking 93 4.37
14 Paper and Paper Products 62 2.91
15 Plastic and Rubber Products 417 19.58
16 Recycling 62 2.91
17 Textile 56 2.63
18 Wood Products 20 0.94
Total 2,130 100.00
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022 citing 2015
Valenzuela City Socio-Economic Profile.

50 The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of Valenzuela, 2009-2018.

51 The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela, 2017-2022.

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Map 31. Density of industries per barangay

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

4.1.2 Current and projected needs

The acceleration in industrial development, along with the legislative and infrastructural
support of the city government, has provided a rich source of income and employment to
the city’s residents. However, issues of environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and
land use have come up. These are particularly felt in areas where industries and
residences are located beside each other.

While the city government has consistently tried to harmonize industrial and residential
growth, there is still a need to address these issues through structural and non-structural
means. Structural means would mean, for example, upgrading existing and constructing
new local roads to alleviate traffic. Non-structural means may be through stricter
implementation of pollution and land use and building controls.

4.1.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 60. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Roads going to industrial zones.  Continuous implementation of
 Facilities along major routes that existing programs and projects.
cause traffic.
Source: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018.

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4.2 Commerce and Trade

4.2.1 Profile

The number of commercial establishments are also increasing. There were 13,399
registered commercial establishments in 2015 which represented a 4% growth from the
12,840 registrants in 2014.52 Many of these establishments are engaged in wholesale and
retail trade, real estate, and in transport, storage, and communications.

It may be observed that most commercial establishments are located along the city’s major
roads. These include the Valenzuela Town Centre in Barangay Karuhatan which hosts
restaurants, retail shops, amusement center, and government service offices. There are
also 17 public markets that are registered with the Business Permits and Licensing Office
(BPLO). Among others, these include the Polo Public Market, New Marulas Public Market,
and NFA-KADIWA Market in Malanday.

Table 61. Registered Commercial Establishments in Valenzuela City, 2015

Classification Number % Share
1 Advertising, Printing and Publishing 275 2.05
Amusement, Entertainment, Recreation and
2 105 0.78
Leisure
3 Apartment, Lessor and Real Estate 2,195 16.38
4 Buy and Sell, Distributor and Trading 868 6.48
5 Construction Supplies and Hardware 176 1.31
6 Contractor and Professional Services 714 5.33
7 Cooperatives and Non-Profit Organizations 122 0.91
8 Education 171 1.28
9 Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 358 2.67
10 Exporter and Importer 185 1.38
11 Financial Intermediation 252 1.88
12 Health Services 160 1.19
13 Hotels, Beer Gardens and Restaurants 851 6.35
14 Junkshop 261 1.95
15 Other Community, Personal and Social Services 435 3.25
16 Security and Manpower Services 204 1.52
17 Transport, Storage and Communication 1,926 14.37
18 Welding, Vulcanizing and Repair Shops 271 2.02
19 Wholesale and Retail Trade 3,870 28.88
Total 13,399 100.00
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022 citing 2015
Valenzuela City Socio-Economic Profile.

4.2.2 Current and projected needs

The city government has to continue to promote growth in the commercial sector in order
to provide accessible services and amenities to its growing population, and to diversify its
economy. While the facilitation of business registration is already being done through the
3S+53 Program in 2014, proactive networking and marketing has to be undertaken both at
the Philippine and international levels.

52 Ibid.
53 Stands for Simple processes, Speed in delivery, and Service excellence. As of October 2016, there are
already 13 fully operational 3S+ Centers in the city supplementing the services being provided at the City Hall.

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4.2.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 62. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Need to promote commercial growth.  Creation of online platform/link to
 Need to sustain the conducive other cities/international.
business environment in the city.  Construction of Valenzuela City
 Need to reactivate former city Trade Center.
landmarks and re-establish places for  Rehabilitation of Polo Market.
local trade.  Construction of Public Market with
Community Farming Facility.
 Establishment of Disiplina Market at
Disiplina Village in Barangay Bignay.
 Development of Food Parks.
Sources: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018 and The Comprehensive Development
Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

4.3 Agriculture

4.3.1 Profile

Area devoted to agriculture

There remain nearly 21 has. of land planted to rice in 2017 found at the northeastern part
of the city. This represents a reduction of more than 4 times the planted area in 2008 which
was about 90 has. 54

Agricultural production

Rice production in 2017 was reported to be about 78 metric tons which showed a
commensurate decline from the production levels of about 91 metric tons in 2016 and 221
metric tons in 2008.

Table 63. Rice production per barangay in 2017

Number of Production
Barangay Area planted (has)
farmers (metric tons)
Bignay 4.50 3 16.875
Canumay East 0.75 1 2.81
Maysan 2.00 1 7.5
Lawang Bato 9.50 2 35.63
Punturin 4.10 1 15.375
Total 20.85 8 78.19
Source: CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Agriculture Office

There were also 173 metric tons of leafy vegetables and 205 metric tons of fruit vegetables
produced in the city in 2017.55

54 2017 data were obtained from CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 while 2008 data were
obtained from The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2009-2018..
55 CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Agriculture Office.

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Livestock and Poultry

About 110,000 pork heads were slaughtered in the city’s 3 abattoirs in 2017. In turn, there
were about 530,000 poultry heads that were dressed and slaughtered in the city’s 23
markets.56

Fisheries and Aquaculture

The city’s fishpond areas are located at its northwest portion mainly in Barangays Tagalag
and Coloong. There has been an observed reduction in area from about 346 has. in 2009
to about 298 has. in 2014.57 The most common fish species cultured in these areas are
tilapia and bangus. While no recent data is available on the volume of production, data
from 2008 indicate that there were about 60 metric tons produced in Barangay Tagalag
and 54 metric tons in Barangay Coloong.58

Map 32. Map of fishponds

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

4.3.2 Current and projected needs

The city has to maintain its urban agriculture programs in order to support existing farmers
and fisherfolk. Improving urban agricultural productivity can also augment the livelihood of
other residents. While the remaining agriculture lands at the northeast will sooner or later
be converted to urban use, it is important for the city to take strong actions to preserve

56
CPDO. 2018. Valenzuela City Ecological Profile 2017 citing City Veterinary Office.
57
Based on GIS-assisted map measurements done by the Consultant using actual use data from the City
Assessor’s Office.
58 CPDO. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2009-2018.

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and enhance the production capacity of its fishpond areas for both economic and
environmental protection purposes.

4.3.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 64. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use issues Land use policy options/interventions
 Fishkill due to pollution/flooding.  Adopt a policy to protect the fishponds.
 Infrastructure support.  Promote fish farming.
 Promote urban agriculture.
 Construction of People’s Park Mini-Zoo
Sources: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018 and CPDO. The Comprehensive
Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

4.4 Tourism

4.4.1 Profile

There are 32 resorts and pavilions in the city that are frequented by local residents and
those from nearby cities and municipalities.

Table 65. Resorts/Pavilions in Valenzuela City

Location Resort/Pavilion
Mango Grill Resort & Restaurant
1 Arkong Bato
Trishia Land and Garden Resort
Le Rinell Resort
2 Balangkas Lanzones Resort
Blue Oyster Resort
3 Canumay East Paraiso ni Baste
Claro’s Pavilion
4 Coloong J.A.N. Resort
Sebastian Pavilion
Dessy Private Pool
5 Gen. T. De Leon Santiago’s Resort
La Rosa Pavilion
6 Isla Restorante Pontemar
Emy’s Pool
7 Lingunan Ading’s Resort
Chateau Pavilion
8 Malinta Villa Angelina
9 Mapulang Lupa Metrovilla Pavilion
10 Mabolo Pisces Resort Gotel and Pavilion
Buenas Diaz Resort
11 Marulas
Villa Martha Resort
Great Fall Resort
12 Maysan
Patio Queen Sofia
Cariño Resort
13 Punturin
La Bella Villa
14 Rincon M & AI Pavilion
La Casa Antigo Resort
15 Tagalag La Casa Antigo Pavilion
Sitio Rosal Resort & Pavilion
Good Deal Resort
16 Ugong
Rolling Hills Resort

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Location Resort/Pavilion
Villa Engracia Garden & Farm Resort
Source: CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Business Permit and
Licensing Office.

The Valenzuela Town Center and Valenzuela People’s Park are also attracting tourists.
The Town Center has stores and restaurants while the People’s Park has amenities such
as the Interactive Aerocircle, Amphitheatre, Senior’s Garden, Picnic Garden, Children’s
Playpark, and Chess Plaza, and the Valenzuela Town Center itself.

Map 33. Map of tourist attractions and historical landmarks

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

4.4.2 Current and projected needs

The city government has to continue its efforts in improving existing tourist sites such as
the bird sanctuary. It also has to pursue its plan to establish a Fishing Village in Barangay
Tagalag as well as to upgrade its heritage sites and turn these into tourist destinations.

4.4.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 66. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Tourism potential is not maximized.  Develop local tourism facilities and
 Inadequate local tourism facilities and attractions and provide local
attraction. registries and funds.
 Provide funds for the maintenance of
heritage landmarks, parks, etc.

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Land use policy

Land use issues
options/interventions
 Regulation and accreditation of  Regulate and accredit all tourism
tourism industries in accordance with related businesses in accordance
DOT standards. with DOT standards and local
ordinance.
 Undertake Old Polo Heritage
Development Program (Bell tower,
Polo park, Valenzuela House,
Valenzuela Elementary School,
Arkong Bato, and Polo Bridge).
 Maintenance of San Roque Chapel.
 Rehabilitation of PNR Station.
 Establish Tagalag Fishing Village.
 Rehabilitation/Improvement of Bahay
na Bato with Site Development.
Sources: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018 and CPDO. The Comprehensive
Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

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5 INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES SECTORS

5.1 Transportation and Traffic Management

5.1.1 Profile

Accessibility

The city may be accessed through three major arterial roads, namely, McArthur Highway,
North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), and NLEX Segment 8.1. While McArthur Highway is a
free-access highway that links Metro Manila to the northern provinces of Luzon, NLEX is
a controlled-access expressway with interchanges within the city. Another major inter-city
access road is Mindanao Avenue Extension which links Valenzuela to Quezon City,
Kalookan City and eventually to the eastern part of the City of Meycauayan and
Municipality of Marilao in Bulacan.

The city is also traversed by the North Luzon Railway which is a major infrastructure
project of the national government that aims to restore the old PNR rail tracks extending
from Metro Manila up to Clark Zone in Pampanga. About 4.67 kilometers of railways
traverse Valenzuela City. A basic station is being proposed at the NFA property in Veinte
Reales to cater ridership from Valenzuela and Meycauayan.

The city, particularly along Mindanao Avenue Extension in Barangay Ugong, will also be
the depot site of the upcoming Metro Manila Subway. The subway is a high capacity,
heavy rail line that will extend up to the Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay City.

Internal accessibility is facilitated by local roads. These existing barangay roads are
however generally narrow and insufficient in absorbing the volume of vehicles plying the
city.

Road classification

Roads in the city are classified as national and local. National roads extend to almost 40
km while local roads have a total length of about 326 km.

Table 67. Inventory of National Roads

Road Name Length (km)
McArthur Highway 6.762
Coloong Road 5.165
East Service Road 5.446
G. Lazaro St. 1.590
T. Santiago St. 4.050
MH Del Pilar 3.526
Gov. I. Santiago St. 0.656
Gen T. De Leon St. 3.433
Fernando St. 0.270
Novaliches - Malinta Road 4.495
Pugad-Baboy - Caloocan Road 2.605
West Service Road 1.612
Total 39.61
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of
Valenzuela 2009-2018.

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Table 68. Local roads inventory 2017

Type of Surfacing (km) Width Length
Barangay
Concrete Asphalt Gravel Earth (m) (km)

1 Arkong Bato 5.848 5.848

2 Bagbaguin 8.215 8.215
3 Balangkas 10.836 2.16 0.419 13.415
4 Bignay 5.554 1.290 6.844
5 Bisig 1.314 1.314
6 Canumay West 12.742 12.742
7 Canumay East 9.467 9.467
8 Coloong 11.474 11.474
9 Dalandanan 16.750 0.150 16.9
10 Gen. T. De Leon 29.423 0.075 29.498
11 Isla 3.479 0.03 3.509
Karuhatan (West) 11.474 11.474
12
Karuhatan (East) 3.084 3.084
13 Lawang Bato 12.988 12.988
14 Lingunan 9.146 9.146
15 Mabolo 1.935 1.935
16 Malanday 10.959 0.370 11.329
17 Malinta 13.714 13.714
18 Mapulang Lupa 16.008 0.600 16.608
19 Marulas 24.678 24.678
20 Maysan 13.946 13.9461
21 Palasan 5.154 0.45 5.604
22 Parada 17.729 17.729
23 Pariancillo Villa 0.845 0.845
24 Paso De Blas 9.657 9.657
25 Pasolo 5.484 0.08 5.564
26 Poblacion 0.753 0.753
27 Pulo 1.365 1.365
28 Punturin 5.455 0.358 5.813
29 Rincon 7.209 7.209
30 Tagalag 5.783 0.340 6.123
31 Ugong 15.588 15.588
32 Veinte Reales 10.003 0.1315 0.1655 10.3
33 Wawang Pulo 2.120 2.1203
Total 320.179 2.323 3.1515 1.1445 326.798
Source: City Engineer’s Office.

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Map 34. Road network map

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

Modes of Transportation

 Inter – LGU Public Transport Modes

Inter–LGU public transport service is provided mainly by buses, jeepneys, AUVs and
regular taxicabs. City operation buses mostly plying the Malanday – Baclaran Route
traverse the city via Mc Arthur Highway. Jeepneys ply routes passing through McArthur
Highway and other major thoroughfares which connect the city to other LGUs. AUVs, or
more commonly known as UV express taxis, offer route–based public transport service
from the city to other major destinations such as the business districts within Metro Manila.

 Intra – LGU Public Transport Modes

Intra-LGU public transportation service is provided by jeepneys, tricycles and pedicabs.

Public utility jeepneys ply along the city’s major thoroughfares such as McArthur Highway,
MH del Pilar, Poblacion Road, Mabolo Road, T. Santiago Road, Maysan Road, Paso de
Blas Road, and Gen. T. de Leon Road. Tricycles and pedicabs are used as feeder modes
to jeepneys and are mostly utilized for shorter routes which are mostly intra–barangays.

 Public Transport Terminals

The Valenzuela Gateway Complex Central (VGC) Integrated Terminal in an inter-modal

facility catering to public utility provincial buses, tricycles, buses, jeepneys, and UV
express. It is located in Barangay Paso de Blas and operated by the Valenzuela Gateway
Complex Corporation and is being regulated by the Valenzuela City Transportation. Aside
from providing efficient services for the city’s residents, the VGC Integrated Terminal also

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contributes to easing the traffic congestion along EDSA by reducing the number of
provincial buses plying there.

Figure 2. Valenzuela Gateway Complex Central (VGC) Integrated Terminal

Photo courtesy of Valenzuela City Facebook page

Several jeepney, tricycle and pedicab terminals are also found at strategic points in the
city. Among these are the Malanday Jeepney Terminal, Bignay-Punturin Tricycle Terminal
and the Malanday Pedicab Terminal. There are also informal tricycle terminals located
around the city. There are no bus terminals in the city since Valenzuela is not the final
destination of buses plying therein.

Map 35. Map of public transportation terminals

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

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Traffic management

The “franchising, regulation, control, and management of all land transportation systems,
both public and private, operating within the territorial jurisdiction of the City…” is governed
by “The Land Transportation Code of the City of Valenzuela, 2005.” Following the city
government’s mandate provided in the Local Government Code of 1991, the
Transportation Code provides the legislative framework for the regulation of all
transportation-related activities in the city. These include among others the use and
construction/repair of roads, establishment of public transportation terminals and vehicle
stops, and franchising of motorized tricycles.

Day-to-day traffic management is handled by the city’s Traffic Management Office (TMO)
who is “responsible for handling any activities which may affect or impede the flow of
vehicular traffic.”59 Key regulations that are being implemented include the following:

 Unified Vehicular Volume Reduction Program (UVVRP) commonly called number

coding scheme along the following:
- McArthur Highway.
- Maysan-Paso de Blas-Bagbaguin Road.
- Karuhatan-Gen. T. de Leon Road.
- Gov. I. Santiago (Malinta to Tatawid).
- Mindanao Avenue (Barangay Ugong).
- East and West NLEX Service Road.
- T. Santiago Road.
- Sapang Bakaw (Lawang Bato)-Punturin-Bignay Road.

 Truck regulations (or truck ban) along the following:

- Maysan Road to Gen. Luis Road.
- Gov. I. Santiago Road to Tatawid Bridge.
- Karuhatan Road to Gen. T. de Leon Road.

 Ban of private and public pedicabs along McArthur Highway, Maysan-Novaliches Road,
and Gen. T. del Leon Road.
 Requirements on safety helmets for motorcyclists, use of seatbelts, and garbage bins
in PUVs.
 Ban on animal-drawn vehicles between sunset and sunrise unless equipped with
appropriate front and rear lamps and other safety requirements.

5.1.2 Current and projected needs

Transport related issues in the city include the inadequacy of the present road network
system to absorb the volume of vehicles. It is perceived that existing road networks lack
width and connectivity, thus hindering the continuous flow of vehicular traffic. In addition,
the lack of terminals and inadequate parking facilities also add to the poor vehicular
circulation as well as pedestrian flow.

59 Valenzuela City Government website.

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5.1.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 69. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Traffic congestion and flooding along  Provide adequate roads to help
major roads. alleviate traffic.
 Upgrade drainage facilities to prevent
flooding.
Source: The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

5.2 Flood Protection and Drainage

5.2.1 Profile

Flooding in the city is to a large degree caused by the overtopping and breaching of earth
levees and retaining wall dikes along the Meycauayan and Tullahan Rivers and overland
flood coming from Obando City. As means of flood defense, the city has a network of flood
walls, sluice gates, pumping facilities, and internal drainage networks.

Flood walls may be found along Meycauayan and Tullahan Rivers. These are, however,
not continuous and have been built below construction standards in some segments.
Along Meycauayan River, breaching was observed to be due to the installation of inlets
and outlets to fish ponds and to provide access for construction materials. Some segments
along Tullahan River were built by private land owners but were not up to standards such
as unreinforced concrete hollow blocks.60

There are also 13 combined sluice gates/pumping facilities and 1 sluice gate facility in the
city. All of these are in need of rehabilitation and upgrading and are heavily loaded by
rubbish at their intakes.61

Interior drains comprises both natural and man-made systems. The important natural
drains are the Polo, Coloong, Lingahan, and Longos Rivers which mostly discharge to the
Meycauayan and Tullahan Rivers. These drainage channels discharge water through
sluice gates and pumping stations and are unable to drain by gravity when the water levels
along the two rivers are high. Man-made drainage systems, in turn, either discharge into
these channels or the main rivers. Key issues with regard to interior drains include:62

 Insufficient pumping capacity on the major drainage channels.

 Secondary drains are too small and water must travel long distances to join the main
drainage channels.
 Culverts are blocked with garbage and silt.
 Tertiary drains along the sides of the roads are also blocked with garbage and silt.
 Depressed areas cannot drain without installing a pumping unit or using portable
pumps.

60 Cities Development Initiative for Asia. 2014. Pre-Feasibility Study on the “Integrated Flood Risk
Management” for the City of Valenzuela, Final Report.
61 Ibid.
62
Ibid.

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5.2.2 Current and projected needs

The city’s flood control and drainage facilities have been upgraded which resulted to the
much faster receding of flood waters after inundation stops. Still, several flood control
projects and facilities are needed to be constructed to further improve the flooding
situation. Some of the key projects include among others:63

 Flood wall along the Meycauayan River should be robustly constructed and the top of
the wall must be at an elevation to contain the design floods or about 13.0 to 13.5 msl.
 The flood wall must be unbroken from McArthur Bridge in Meycauayan to the western
boundary of Valenzuela City at Obando.
 Strengthen several reaches of the flood wall along Tullahan River with a more robust
foundation and support braces or install new concrete sheet piling wall and concrete
cap.
 Rehabilitate and upgrade all sluice gates/pumping facilities.
 Improve the internal drainage system by providing a 3.8 km open channel drain and
box culverts through the center of the city from Maysan, Karuhatan, and Marulas to
Veinte Reales new pumping facility and to the Tullahan River.

5.2.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 70. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Need to upgrade drainage facilities to  Update the city’s master drainage
prevent flooding. plan.
 Require new developments to
maintain certain portion or
percentage of permeable surface on
property
 Installation of rain catchment system
for those who cannot comply with the
required permeable area as trade-off
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-
2022 and Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018.

5.3 Energy

5.3.1 Profile

Electricity in the city is being distributed by Manila Electric Company (MERALCO), catering
to all types of power supply connections in all barangays. In 2015, 1,329 gigawatt hours
of electricity was supplied to the city, averaging 111 gigawatt hours of electricity per month.
A great majority of the electricity being supplied is utilized by industrial establishments
while the least are utilized for the city’s streetlights.

There are two NGCP transmission lines which run across Valenzuela City. One line runs
parallel to the NLEX while the other line passes through Ugong and Mapulang Lupa.

63
Ibid.

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Map 36. Map of transmission lines

Source: CPDO & Office of the City Assessor

The city hosts the first solar power farm in Metro Manila and the largest of its kind in the
country. It is located on an 11 hectare site in Barangay Isla and started operations in 2015.
The solar farm uses 32,000 solar panels and is capable of generating 8.6 megawatts which
is being sold to MERALCO.64

5.3.2 Current and projected needs

While current needs are ably met by the service provider, it is important to ensure that
energy supply and distribution infrastructure will be able to meet future requirements
particularly in light of projected increase in demand due to increasing population. There is
also need to continuously explore the development of renewal sources of energy and to
come up with mechanisms on how to encourage private developments to do so.

5.3.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 71. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 System losses due to illegal  Elevation of meters/ legalization of
connections. electricity supply in communities.
 Unstable power supply.  Introduction of renewal energy
spectrum.
Source: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018.

64
newsinfo.inquirer.net.

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5.4 Water supply

5.4.1 Profile

The biggest water concessionaire which provides Level III water supply in Valenzuela City
is Maynilad Water Services, Inc. (Maynilad). As of 2015, about 60% of households are
being serviced by Maynilad.65

The city government, in turn, has a Tubig Patrol program which involves the distribution of
water to the critically ‘dry’ areas of the city by way of water tankers. Distribution areas
include Barangays Canumay, Punturin, Bignay and Lawang Bato in District I and in
Barangays Maysan, Marulas, Ugong and Gen. T. de Leon in District II.

5.4.2 Current and projected needs

The city has to pursue a determined campaign on water conservation particularly in light
of climate change and the risks posed by increasing temperature and drought. Policies
have to be developed to encourage private developments to adopt water conservation
practices such as installation of rainwater harvesting tanks.

5.4.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 72. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use issues Land use policy options/interventions
 Need to provide sufficient, quality and  Fully implement the Maynilad projects.
accessible potable water supply to all  Efficiently distribute potable water to
residents. the various barangays.
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

5.5 Wastewater management

5.5.1 Profile

Domestic

Maynilad is presently undertaking the Valenzuela Sewerage Treatment Project which is

intended to improve the overall sanitation condition in the city and reduce pollution load
discharges into the Tullahan, Meycauyan, and Polo rivers. The project involves the laying
of combined sewer-drainage lines, manholes, pumping stations, and a sewerage
treatment plant in Barangay Marulas adjacent the Tullahan River.66

Industrial

Industrial companies in 19 of the city barangays discharge an average of 17,750 cubic

meters of wastewater per day. These are discharged into the Meycauayan and Tullahan-
Tenejeros Rivers whose waters have been classified as Class C by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) where disposal of treated waste is allowed.67

65 CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022.

66 Maynilad Water Services, Inc. 2014. Valenzuela City Sewerage System Project Environmental Assessment
Report.
67 CPDO. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2009-2018.

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There are four wastewater treatment facilities in the city that are registered with the
DENR’s Environmental Management Bureau (EMB).

Table 73. Treatment/Storage/Disposal Facilities for Hazardous Wastes, 2008

Treatment Facility Location Waste Treated
Waste with cyanide (A101), acid wastes
(B201-B299), alkali wastes (C301-C399),
waste oil (I101), waste organic solvents
(G703-G704), contaminated containers
Green Planet
Industrial Compound, (J201), waste with inorganic chemicals (D401-
Management, Corp.
Punturin D499), inks, dyes, pigments, paints, latex,
(GPMI)
adhesives, organic sludge (F601-F699),
immobilized wastes (K301-K303) and
miscellaneous wastes [pharmaceutical wastes
and drugs] (M503)
Mr. Oily Trading Tatalon St., Ugong Waste Oil (I101)
Orin Chem Industrial Mahabang Parang, Waste with inorganic (copper chloride
Corporation Bignay solution, zinc ash and zinc dross) (D499)
Rowined Oil
Forsythia St.,
Treatment Specialist Waste Oil/bunker sludge (I101)
Mapulang Lupa
Corporation
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the City of Valenzuela 2009-2018 citing DENR-
Environmental Management Bureau.

5.5.2 Current and projected needs

Domestic

The city government shall continue supporting the on-going sewerage system project of
Maynilad. Public awareness campaigns have to be launched and sustained to encourage
households to connect to the sewerage system.

Industrial

The city government shall likewise continue to monitor the proper management of
industrial waste in coordination with DENR-EMB.

5.5.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 74. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Need to ensure appropriate  Support the implementation of
wastewater treatment. Maynilad’s sewer system project.
 Monitor industrial wastewater
treatment facilities.
Source: Consultant.

5.6 Solid waste management

5.6.1 Profile

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The average volume of daily municipal waste generated in 2017 was reported to be about
184 metric tons.68 The per capita waste generation is about 0.26 kg. Waste in the city has
been characterized as residual (49%), bio-degradable (32%), recyclable (18%), and
special (1%).69

The city government practices a three-phase waste segregation strategy: i) segregation

at source, ii) segregation at the truck for recyclables missed at source, and iii) segregation
at the transfer station/Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) for recyclable missed at the truck
and source. Recyclables are brought to the Valenzuela EcoCenter and Materials Recovery
Facility in Barangay Marulas. Waste to be disposed are brought to the 5-hectare transfer
station in Lingunan. Waste haulers contracted by the city government then collect wastes
from Lingunan and dispose them to the Montalban Sanitary Landfill.

The city government does not collect medical and industrial waste. These are
responsibilities of respective waste generators, such as hospitals and industrial
establishments, who hire the services of contractors to collect and dispose their wastes.
These contractors are required to be accredited with the city government’s Waste
Management Division.

5.6.2 Current and projected needs

The city government has programmed the establishment of a centralized MRF where
recyclables collected from each barangay will be consolidated and sorted. This is planned
to be located on a one-hectare facility adjacent the present transfer station in Barangay
Lingunan. This facility is to have a transfer station, MRF building and a composting area.
The proposed capacity is to enable it to process 1,000 cu.m. of solid waste per day
including a 3 to 5 tons per day composting section.

5.6.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 75. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Illegal littering (throwing garbage  Improve surveillance on litterbugs.
bags on roadsides).  Increase fines and penalties on
littering.
 Lack of materials recovery facility per  Acquisition of lot for central MRF.
barangay.  Development of MRF or MR system
in barangays.
 Training of barangay personnel in
managing MRFs and MRS.
 Strict implementation of waste
segregation.
Source: Strategic Planning Workshop, May 3, 2018.

5.7 Information and Communications Technology

5.7.1 Profile

68
CPDO. 2018. Ecological Profile 2017 citing Waste Management Office.
69 CPDO. Valenzuela City Ten-year Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan (2012-2022).

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Information and communications technology services in the city comprise postal, internet,
land-based and mobile phones, broadcast and television.

Table 76. ICT Services, 2015

Telecommunication
Provider
Service
Philpost (government-owned corporation) and private
Postal
couriers such as LBC and JRS Express
PLDT, Globe Telecom, SKY Broadband, Smart
Internet Communications, Bayan Telecommunications, Sun
Cellular, Wi-Tribe
PLDT, Globe Telecom, Smart Communications, Bayan
Telephone
Telecommunications, Sun Cellular
Radio broadcasts and television stations based in Metro
Broadcast and Manila are generally received in Valenzuela City but cable
Television television access is provided by SkyCable, Home Cable and
Global Destiny.
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan for the City of Valenzuela 2017-2022 citing
2015 Valenzuela City Socio-Economic Profile.

The city has three postal service facilities. The main post office is located within the old
City Hall Compound in Barangay Malinta. The other postal service facilities are located in
Barangay Pulo and Paso de Blas.

Philpost, the main post office, is a government-owned corporation which provides postal
products and services in all areas of the country and throughout the world. Their services
include domestic and international transaction of letters, postal money orders, packages,
etc. There are also private courier services such as LBC and JRS Express in the city.

5.7.2 Current and projected needs

Efficient ICT systems have valuable contributions to urban development. It can increase
the population’s knowledge, efficiency, and productivity as well as expand and strengthen
social networks. The city government has started to play a lead role through projects such
as CCTV networking of various barangays and computerization of traffic management
along major roads.

The city government shall also ensure the available of publicly accessible, fast and reliable
internet services in its various offices including those in the barangays.

5.7.3 Key issues and policy options/interventions

Table 77. Key land use issues and policy options/interventions

Land use policy
Land use issues
options/interventions
 Need to continuously upgrade ICT to  Provide efficient services and
meet the demands of the constituents improved ICT facilities.
and industries.  Identify and act upon inefficient ICT
facilities such as telephone posts,
power antennas, and cell sites.
Source: CPDO. The Comprehensive Development Plan of Valenzuela City 2017-2022.

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