Question and Answers

Section-B (Very Short Answer Type Questions)

21. How does a country choose its party system?

A country's party system depends on its history, diversity, and social structure. For example, a

one-party system may emerge in smaller or more centralized nations, while multi-party systems are

common in diverse societies like India to represent different interests.

22. Describe any two features of hand printing in China.

1. Hand printing began in China around 594 AD using woodblocks.

2. It was mainly used to print religious texts, literature, and calendars.

Or What was Gutenberg's press slow compared to present press technology?

Gutenberg's press used manual labor for movable typesetting, which was time-consuming

compared to the fast and automated digital printing technology today.

23. What is the role of Goa port to Economy of India?

Goa port plays a crucial role in India's economy by exporting iron ore and minerals, boosting trade

and generating revenue. It also supports the tourism industry in the region.

24. What is Human Development Index?

The Human Development Index (HDI) measures a country's development based on health,

education, and income. It ranks countries on a scale to show their standard of living and quality of

life.

Section-C (Short Answer Type Questions)

25. Justify that tourism as an industry has a bright future in India by giving three points.

1. Indias cultural and historical heritage attracts global tourists.

2. Diverse geography like beaches, mountains, and deserts boosts tourism.

26. How does the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) supervise the functioning of banks? Is it necessary?

The RBI monitors bank operations to ensure proper credit flow, manages inflation, and prevents

frauds. Supervision is essential to maintain financial stability and public trust.

Or Credit also has a negative role which is more common in rural areas. Justify.

Credit often leads to debt traps in rural areas when loans are taken at high-interest rates or for

unproductive purposes, pushing borrowers into poverty.

27. Why salt was chosen as a weapon by Gandhiji to fight against the Britishers?

Salt was essential for everyone, and the British monopoly on its production and tax symbolized their

exploitation. Gandhijis Salt March united Indians by showing that even common items could

challenge colonial rule.

28. How will carrying jute bags help the jute industry and improve the environment?

Using jute bags promotes the jute industry by increasing demand for eco-friendly products. It

reduces plastic waste, which is harmful to the environment, and creates employment in rural areas.

29. What do you understand by the policy of accommodation?

The policy of accommodation means respecting and adjusting to the diverse needs of different

groups in a country. For example, India accommodates linguistic and religious diversity through

federalism and secularism.

Section-D (Long Answer Type Questions)

30. Advancement of international trade of a country is an index of its economic prosperity.

International trade reflects a countrys ability to produce and export goods efficiently. More trade

increases income, employment, and foreign exchange reserves, contributing to overall economic

growth.

Or Describe the explosive conditions prevailed in Balkans after 1871 in Europe.

European powers. Ethnic groups sought independence, while countries like Austria-Hungary and

Russia competed for dominance, leading to wars and instability.

31. How are the three sectors of the economy interdependent?

The primary sector (agriculture) provides raw materials to the secondary sector (industries), which

processes them into goods. These goods are distributed by the tertiary sector (services like

transport). For example, cotton (primary) is turned into textiles (secondary) and sold in markets

(tertiary).

Or Distinguish between the primary sector and secondary sector by giving five points.

1. Primary involves natural resources (farming, fishing), while secondary involves manufacturing

(factories).

2. Primary depends on nature, while secondary relies on machines.

3. Primary has seasonal work; secondary is regular.

4. Primary earns low income, secondary generates higher income.

5. Primary uses simple tools, while secondary involves advanced technology.

32. Explain the factors that enabled globalization in India.

1. Liberalization of trade policies reduced restrictions on imports and exports.

2. Advancements in technology improved communication and transport.

3. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) attracted global companies.

4. Economic reforms in 1991 integrated India with the global market.

5. Growth in IT and services made India a global outsourcing hub.

Or On what basis can you say that globalisation and the pressure of competition have changed the

lives of workers substantially?

1. Increased outsourcing has created jobs but with low job security.

2. Skilled workers have better opportunities, while unskilled workers face challenges.
3. Long working hours and low wages have become common due to competition.

33. State any five political reforms that should be implemented in India.

1. Make election funding transparent to reduce corruption.

2. Enforce stricter rules against criminal politicians.

3. Promote inner-party democracy for better leadership.

4. Use technology to make governance more efficient.

5. Encourage citizen participation in policymaking.

Or Do you agree that 'A challenge is an opportunity for progress?' Justify.

Yes, challenges push people to innovate and find solutions. For example, challenges in education

can lead to reforms like digital learning. Similarly, democratic challenges inspire better policies and

stronger institutions.