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Chapter II

Methodology

This chapter revolved around the research samples who were interviewed, the

information needed to address the research objectives fully, the research design overview

and the applicability of the chosen research design, the interview or data collection

procedure, data analysis , and as well as concerns related with ethical considerations and

willingness to participate of the participants in this study.

In this study, the qualitative approach was used since the study is all about the

health status of the students during the pandemic. Qualitative research involves collecting

and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can

be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research.

Qualitative research is the opposite of quantitative research, which involves collecting

and analyzing numerical data for statistical analysis. It is commonly used in the

humanities and social sciences, in subjects such as anthropology, sociology, education,

health sciences, history, and many more (Bhandari, 2020).

The case study method was also used in this study. A case study is a detailed

study of a specific subject, such as a person, group, place, event, organization, or

phenomenon. This method is good for describing, comparing, evaluating and

understanding different aspects of a research problem (McCombes, 2020).

The target participants of this study are composed of senior high school learners

from Regional Science High School for Region 1, especially in the Grade 11 sections

during the school year of 2020-2021. Convenience or availability sampling technique is

used in this study, because the participants are students and the learners have a busy
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schedule. Convenience sampling falls under the category of non-probability sampling

techniques. Non- probability sampling techniques are often used in exploratory and

qualitative research and convenience sampling is a sample that simply includes the

individuals who happen to be most accessible to the researcher. This is an easy and

inexpensive way to gather data. Thus, the selection of the respondents depended on their

availability and willingness to participate in the study (McCombes, 2021).

To gather the needed data, the researchers utilized interview questionnaire

method. The questions relevant to the study which is all about their routines that affects

their health status were formulated in order to conduct the interview. The interview was

conducted by the researchers and used files, apps and cameras for the documentations to

easily access the information that is given out by the respondents. Before the conduct of

the interview, the researchers let the three experts from different schools, validate the

questions with the use of Research Instrument Validity Testing Tool. The validity rating

is 4 indicating high validity, and that means the research question were related to the

main idea. The comments and suggestions of the validators were acknowledged in

improving the research project.

Using the Microsoft Word and Google Meet, the researchers interviewed the

respondents, of course, with the consent of the respondents. There are consent forms

signed by the respondents and before the interview process started, the respondents are

asked if they are willing to participate and if they are available for the mean time. They

are also permitted to not to write their name and other private informations because they

want privacy. This process is important to ensure that the proposed study will follow

appropriate ethical principles and guidelines.

After the researchers were given the permission to conduct the interview, the

researchers gave them a Microsoft file, it contains the questions which revolves around

the main idea or topic. The Google Meet was used to document the interviewing and

there are 12 participants in total, in each section of Grade 11 in Regional Science High

School for Region 1 there are 3 students which we will interview. The respondents are

less than expected because of the lack of time, and also the students are facing hard time

in school works, so it is hard to gather some data. In order to keep up with the deadline,

we need come culling of respondents. The interview was conducted at the first and

second week of June, 2021. After collecting the needed information and other data, their

responses were interpreted to form conclusions.

The personal information of the respondents were surely secured by the

researchers. The respondents gave their permission for the documentation and taking

their time to answer the researchers questions. It is also their choice if they want to

include their names or not. Their identities remained confidential and are only be known

by the respective respondents and the researchers.

The researchers also made sure to respect the culture, beliefs, opinions and the

doings of the respondents. The researchers did not create any actions that may cause

distress to the respondent during the interviews to let them express their experiences

truly. Rest assured that all the reactions and opinions of the respondents were included in

the study. Honesty, integrity, and truthfulness were maintained by the researchers

throughout the conduct of the study.

IDENTIFYING
THE POSSIBLE
PARTICIPANTS

FINDING
PROPER DATA
GATHERING
TOOLS

DATA
GATHERING

INTERPRETATION
OF THE
GATHERED DATA

DERIVING
CONCLUSIONS

Figure 1. Flowchart of Research Process